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After reading this chapter, you should be able to answer the following questions: What is organizational behavior and why is it important? How do we learn about organizational behavior? What is the context of organizational behavior? What are the challenges of management in organizations? What are the challenges of leadership in organizations?
Chapter Introducing Organizational Behavior People Make the Difference Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc Chapter Learning Objectives What is organizational behavior and why is it important? How we learn about organizational behavior? What is the context of organizational behavior? What are the challenges of management in organizations? What are the challenges of leadership in organizations?Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc 1-2 What is organizational behavior and why is it Organizational behavior important? • Study of human behavior in organizations • An interdisciplinary field devoted to understanding individual and group behavior, interpersonal processes, and organizational dynamics Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc 1-3 What is organizational behavior and why is it important? Importance of Organizational Behavior OB relevance test – fashion forward titles like these: Relationship champion, Logistic ringmaster, Innovation game changer, Collaboration pioneer, Market trends virtuoso Smart workforce – common foundations with similar behaviors drive job titles, such as networking, connecting, collaborating, helping, linking, supporting, seeking and Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc 1-4 What is organizational behavior and why is it important? Trends with human behavior in organizations Commitment to ethical behavior Broader view of leadership Emphasis on human capital and teamwork Demise of command-and-control Importance of connections and networks Influence of information technology Respect for new workforce Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc 1-5 What is organizational behavior and why is it important? What are the scientific foundations of organizational behavior? Interdisciplinary Body of Knowledge Use of Scientific Methods Models – simplified views of reality that attempt to explain real-world phenomena Independent variables – presumed causes that influence dependent variables Dependent variables – outcomes of practical value and interest that are Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc 1-6 Figure 1.1 Common Scientific Research Methods in Organizational Behavior Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc 1-7 What is organizational behavior and why is it Scientific thinking is important to OB: important? • The process of data collection is controlled and systematic • Proposed explanations are carefully tested • Only explanations that can be rigorously verified are accepted Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc 1-8 What is organizational behavior and why is it Contingency thinking important? • Seeks ways to meet the needs of different management situations • Recognizes responses to solutions must be crafted to best fit the circumstances and people involved Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc 1-9 What is organizational behavior and why is it Evidencedbased management important? • Uses hard facts and empirical evidence to make decisions • Evidence-based thinking manifests itself through a contingency approach which researchers identify how different situations can best be understood and handled Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc 1- How we learn about organizational behavior? Multiculturalism refers to pluralism and respect for diversity in the workplace Inclusion the degree to which an organization's culture respects and values diversity Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc 1- What is the context of organizational behavior? Manager someone whose job it is to directly support the work efforts of others Effective manager helps others achieve high levels of both performance and satisfactions Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc 1- What is the context of organizational behavior? Task performance quality and quantity of the work produced or the services provided by an individual, team, or work unit, or organization as a whole Job satisfaction indicates how people feel about their work and the work setting Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc 1- What are the challenges of management in The management process organizations? • Planning • Organizing • Leading • Controlling Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc 1- Figure 1.4 The management process Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc 1-24 Figure 1.5 Mintzberg’s 10 roles of effective managers Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & 1- What are the challenges of management in Managerial skills and competencies organizations? Skill an ability to translate knowledge into action that results in a desired performance Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc 1-26 What are the challenges of management in Technical skill organizations? • Ability to perform specialized tasks Human skill • Ability to work well with other people Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc 1- What are the challenges of management in Emotional intelligence organizations? › Ability to understand and manage emotions both personally and in relationships with others Self-awareness Self-regulation Motivation Empathy Social skill Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc 1- What are the challenges of management in Ethical Management – includes ethics in decisionmaking organizations? • Immoral manager • Amoral manager • Moral manager Practices ethics mindfulness Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc 1- Figure 1.6 Moral Leadership, ethics mindfulness, and the virtuous shift Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc 1-30 What are the challenges in leadership in Effective Leaders are individuals who use organizations? influence to create change that benefits the mission and vision of the organization Figure 1.7 Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc 1-31 What are the challenges in leadership in Leadership Process involves individuals organizations? (followers) being influenced by others (leaders) Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc 1-32 What are the challenges in leadership in organizations? Essential Leadership Skills Framing means tailoring communication in ways to encourage certain interpretations and discourage others Social Exchange means that people build human relationships and trust through exchanges of favors based on reciprocity Law of reciprocity says that if Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc 1- What are the challenges in leadership in Essential Followership Skills organizations? • Upward Delegation means passing problems or responsibilities upward in the hierarchy Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc 1-34 ...Chapter Learning Objectives What is organizational behavior and why is it important? How we learn about organizational behavior? What is the context of organizational behavior? ... organizations?Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc 1-2 What is organizational behavior and why is it Organizational behavior important? • Study of human behavior in organizations • An interdisciplinary... group behavior, interpersonal processes, and organizational dynamics Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc 1-3 What is organizational behavior and why is it important? Importance of Organizational Behavior