MẸO LÀM BÀI ĐỌC HIỂU ĐOẠN VĂN LUYỆN THI TIẾNG ANH THPT QG 2020 CỰC HOT

PHẦN : KỸ NĂNG LÀM BÀI ĐỌC HIỂU A MỘT SỐ KỸ NĂNG LÀM TỐT BÀI ĐỌC HIỂU Skimming # Skimming (đọc lướt) dùng mắt đọc lướt qua tồn khóa để lấy ý nội dung bao quát Khi cần dùng kỹ skimming ✓ Skimming để xem ý nghĩa đọc để xác định đâu thông tin quan trọng ✓ Skimming để xác định từ khóa ✓ Sau skimming đoạn bạn xác định xem có cần đọc kỹ đoạn sau khơng Các bước Skimming ✓ Đầu tiên đọc chủ đề ✓ Đây phần tóm tắt ngắn gọn nội dung ✓ Đọc đoạn giới thiệu, khái quát ✓ Đọc trọn đoạn đầu khóa ✓ Đọc câu phụ đề có tìm mối tương quan chúng ✓ Đọc câu đoạn lại • Ý đoạn thường nằm câu (nếu đoạn văn viết theo kiểu diễn dịch) • Nếu tác giả bắt đầu câu hỏi, lời dẫn, ý nằm câu cuối (nếu đoạn văn viết theo kiểu quy nạp) ✓ Đọc sâu vào khóa, ý • Những từ đầu mối trả lời cho câu hỏi : who, what, when, why, how • Danh từ riêng • Các từ khác biệt, đặc biệt từ viết hoa • Tính từ số lượng (best, most, worst, …) • Những dấu hiệu đánh máy: in nghiêng, in đậm, gạch chân, … ✓ Đọc toàn đoạn cuối Eg: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions Overpopulation, the situation of having large numbers of people with too few resources and too little space, is closely associated with poverty It can result from high population density, or from low amounts of resources, or from both Excessively high population densities put stress on available resources Only a certain number of people can be supported on a given area of land, and that number depends on how much food and other resources the land can provide In countries where people live primarily by means of simple farming, gardening, herding, hunting, and gathering, even large areas of land can support only small numbers of people because these labor-intensive subsistence activities produce only small amounts of food Question: Which of the following could be the best title for the paragraph? A High birth rate and its consequences B Overpopulation: A cause of poverty C Overpopulation: A worldwide problem D Poverty in Developing countries Đối với câu tìm chủ đề/ ý viết, ta thường tập trung vào câu đầu câu cuối Với này, câu chủ đề nằm câu đoạn: Overpopulation, the situation of having large numbers of people with too few resources and too little space, is closely associated with poverty Đáp án câu hỏi C Scanning Scanning (quét) đọc thật nhanh để lấy liệu cụ thể, thông tin chi tiết khóa để trả lời câu hỏi mà khơng cần phải hiểu hết chi tiết nội dung bài, kỹ quan trọng cho dạng Đọc – Hiểu Các bước Scanning ✓ Trước scanning, đọc kỹ câu hỏi trước gạch chân key words (từ khóa câu hỏi) để xác định câu hỏi cần thơng tin Ln ln phải định hình đầu xem bạn tìm kiếm thơng tin Nếu xác định thơng tin cần tìm kiếm cách rõ ràng bạn tìm từ dễ ✓ Dự đốn xem thơng tin khóa dạng số, tên riêng, ngày tháng, … nằm đoạn ✓ Phân tích cách tổ chức khóa trước bắt đầu scanning • Có thể tiêu đề, biều đồ, phần in đậm • Thơng tin xếp theo vần, theo số liệu giống danh bạ điện thoại, bảng giải ✓ Đưa mắt thật nhanh nhìn vào nhiều dòng lúc Sau quay lại quét thật nhanh, thấy thông tin gần giống câu hỏi, nhớ đánh dấu/ gạch chân vào để ln nhớ thơng tin dành cho câu đọc thật kỹ toàn câu hay đoạn chứa thơng tin ✓ Khi tìm thấy câu có chứa thơng tin cần tìm dừng lại đọc tồn câu Để ý từ/ cụm từ in đậm chắn câu hỏi hỏi ý nghĩa từ/ cụm từ Đọc câu trước câu sau từ/ cụm từ để đoán từ vựng dựa theo ngữ cảnh Eg: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions Americas foods began to affect the rest of the world American emphasis on convenient and rapid consumption is best represented in fast foods such as hamburgers, French fries, and soft drinks By the 1960s and 1970s fast foods became one of Americas strongest exports as franchises for Mc Donalds and Burger King spread through Europe and other parts of the world, including Russia and China Traditional meals cooked at home and consumed at a leisurely pace - gave way to quick lunches and dinners eaten on the run as other countries imitated American cultural patterns By the late 20th century Americans had become more conscious of their diets, eating more poultry, fish and vegetables, and fewer eggs and less beef Cooks began to rediscover many world cuisines in forms closer to their original In California, chefs combined fresh fruits and vegetables available with ingredients and spices borrowed from immigrant kitchens to create an innovative cooking style that was lighter than traditional French, but more interesting and varied than typical American cuisine Along with the states wines, California cuisine took its place among the acknowledged forms of fine dining Question 1: Fast foods such as hamburgers, French fries, and soft drinks ……… A are traditional meals of the US people B are popular because of their nutritious values C became more popular than meals cooked at home in China D became popular with other European and Asian countries Đầu tiên đọc câu hỏi gạch chân từ khóa câu hỏi: “hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks”, sau qt thật nhanh – thơng tin nằm câu đoạn American emphasis on convenient and rapid consumption is best represented in fast foods such as hamburgers, French fries, and soft drinks By the 1960s and 1970s fast foods became one of Americas strongest exports as franchises for Mc Donalds and Burger King spread through Europe and other parts of the world, including Russia and China => Đáp án D Question 2: Which of the following is similar in meaning to the word cuisine? A cooking B style of cooking C cookery D cook Ở áp dụng phương pháp đoán từ vựng qua ngữ cảnh” In California, chefs combined fresh fruits and vegetables available with ingredients and spices borrowed from immigrant kitchens to create an innovative cooking style that was lighter than traditional French, but more interesting and varied than typical American cuisine Dựa vào câu đốn “cuisine” “cooking style” (phong cách nấu ăn/ ẩm thực) tác giả đưa tính từ để so sánh: “innivatiove” với “traditional” “typical” => Đáp án B Question 3: Which of the following statements is TRUE? A By the late 20th century, fast foods had lost their popularity in the USA B Americans used to eat more poultry, fish, and fresh fruits and vegetables than they now C Cooking styles of other countries began to affect Americas by the late 20th century D Fewer eggs and less beef in American diet made them fitter Đầu tiên gạch chân từ khóa đáp án - Phương án A, từ khóa “late 20th century” “lost their popularity in the USA”, quét nhanh khơng có thơng tin, chứng tỏ A sai - Phương án B D có thơng tin chỗ, gạch chân từ khóa phương án gạch chân từ khóa đọc kỹ phần thông tin câu bài, câu trước câu sau thơng tin Tuy nhiên khơng đề cập đến phương án B D, suy B D sai By the late 20th century Americans had become more conscious of their diets, eating more poultry, fish and vegetables, and fewer eggs and less beef Dùng phương án loại trừ thấy đáp án C Question 4: An innovative style of cooking was created in California … A to attract more immigrants to the state B and made the states wines well-known C by borrowing recipes from immigrant kitchens D by combining the local specialities with immigrants spices Gạch chân từ khóa câu hỏi “innovative style of cooking” “created” quét thật nhanh đoạn (do câu có thông tin đoạn nên chắn câu có thơng tin đoạn này) In California, chefs combined fresh fruits and vegetables available with ingredients and spices borrowed from immigrant kitchens to create an innovative cooking style that was lighter than traditional French, but more interesting and varied than typical American cuisine Đọc kỹ thông tin câu chứa từ khóa giống với câu hỏi xác định từ khóa câu “fresh fruits and vegetables available with ingredients” “spices borrowed from immigrant kitchens” => Đáp án cho câu hỏi D Paraphrasing Paraphrasing cách phát biểu lại đoạn văn viết đoạn văn nói từ vựng cấu trúc khác mà không làm thay đổi nghĩa đoạn văn 3.1 Sử dụng từ đồng nghĩa ✓ We managed to set up this alarm without reading the instruction booklet => We were able to operate the model without reference to the manual ✓ they are too busy with their jobs => their busy work schedules 3.2 Sử dụng từ trái nghĩa ✓ Everyone thought that this course was great => Nobody regretted having registered this course ✓ The murder has received extensive media coverage => The criminal has not largely been ignored by the media 3.3 Chuyển từ danh từ cụ thể sang danh từ chung ✓ tiger, giant panda, black Spider monkey => endangered species ✓ You should take the bus if you want to see the sights => You’d better travel by public transport to admire the scenery 3.4 Chuyển từ danh từ chung sang danh từ cụ thể ✓ transportation service => subway, airline service, train ✓ She used to play a lot of sport when she was younger => Football, basketball, and hockey were her favorites 3.5 Thay đổi từ loại ✓ Advertisements help customers to choose better products => Advertisements help customers to make better shopping choices ✓ She was enjoying a leisurely stroll in the sunshine => She was strolling in the sunshine 3.6 Sử dụng cấu trúc khác ✓ To live on my own must be hard => I find difficult to live alone ✓ This raincoat is so small that she can’t wear it => This raincoat is too small for her to wear Eg: Earth is richly supplied with different types of living organisms which co-exist in their environments, forming complex, interrelated communities Living organisms depend on one another for nutrients, shelter, and other benefits The extinction of one species can set off a chain reaction that affects many other species, particularly if the loss occurs near the bottom of the food chain For example, the extinction of a particular insect or plant might seem inconsequential However, there may be fish or small animals that depend on that resource for foodstuffs The loss can threaten the survival of these creatures and larger predators that prey upon them Extinction can have a ripple effect that spreads throughout nature The word "inconsequential" in paragraph is closest in meaning to A unimportant B unavoidable C unexpected D unrecognizable Một số lưu ý nhỏ với đọc hiểu - Đọc câu hỏi trước, gạch chân keywords, chưa cần đọc đáp án trả lời, dễ dàng tìm câu trả lời biết thơng tin câu hỏi cần Cố gắng ghi nhớ thơng tin - Câu hỏi xếp theo trình tự viết, ví dụ câu đoạn 1, câu đoạn câu đoạn 3, không xảy trường hợp câu đoạn câu cuối lại đoạn - Sau gạch chân keywords câu hỏi, đọc lướt nhanh bài, đánh dấu lại thơng tin thấy liên quan đến câu hỏi đọc kỹ câu chứa thơng tin - Nếu dài, đọc theo đoạn áp dụng gạch chân key words - Làm câu dễ trước, câu khó sau - Khi hình thành liên kết chắn thơng tin với câu trả lời, tự tin chọn ln đáp án đánh dấu để sốt lại sau thời gian làm - Khơng bỏ sót câu hỏi - Đốn đáp án khơng biết câu trả lời: dùng phương pháp loại trừ để tìm ý sai, sau lựa chọn - Hãy đọc lại lần thời gian, đọc thật kỹ thơng tin câu khó xem lại đáp án chọn - Nâng cao vốn từ vựng cách đọc nhiều, làm reading, tra từ dịch lại bài, học từ vựng theo chủ đề theo viết dễ dàng học từ vựng đơn lẻ Quá trình thực thường xuyên liên tục nhằm củng cố vốn từ vựng, kỹ dịch – hiểu văn B DẠNG CÂU HỎI THƯỜNG GẶP TRONG BÀI ĐỌC HIỂU nhóm ✓ Câu hỏi ý ✓ Câu hỏi thông tin cụ thể suy luận ✓ Câu hỏi từ vựng Câu hỏi ý ✓ Câu hỏi 1: Tìm ý đọc (Main idea) ✓ Câu hỏi 2: Xác định mục đích (Purpose) ✓ Câu hỏi 3: Nhận diện cách tổ chức ý tưởng bố cục chung thái độ (general organization or attitude) Câu hỏi thông tin cụ thể suy luận ✓ Câu hỏi 4: Xác định thông tin nêu (Stated detail) ✓ Câu hỏi 5: Xác định thông tin không nêu (Unstated details) ✓ Câu hỏi 6: Xác định thông tin đề cập đâu (Where questions) ✓ Câu hỏi 7: Suy luận, tìm hàm ý (Inference) ✓ Câu hỏi 8: Tìm từ cụm từ nói đến quy chiếu đến (Reference) Câu hỏi từ vựng Câu hỏi 9: Tìm từ đồng nghĩa, trái nghĩa (Vocabulary) Phân tích chi tiết loại câu hỏi * Câu hỏi 2: Tìm ý đọc mục đích Các câu hỏi thường gặp ✓ What is the topic of the passage? ✓What is the subject of the passage? ✓ What is the main idea of the passage? ✓ What is the author’s main point in the passage? ✓ With what is the author primary concerned? ✓ Which of the following would be the best title? ✓ What is the author’s main purpose in the passage? => Câu trả lời thường nằm đầu cuối đoạn văn Nếu ý khơng nằm cụ thể đầu cuối đoạn văn ta để lại làm cuối sau dành thời gian trả lời câu hỏi chi tiết Cách làm ✓ Đọc dòng đoạn văn ✓ Tìm ý chung dòng tìm mối liên hệ chúng ✓ Đọc lướt nhanh toàn để kiểm tra xem tìm nội dung ✓ Loại phương án chắn sai CHÚ Ý ✓ Thường làm câu hỏi cuối sau trả lời câu hỏi chi tiết trước để đỡ thời gian ✓ Thơng thường ý khơng q chung chung, không chi tiết không nhắc lại Eg: Most weddings in Japan start with a religious ceremony in which usually only family members attend Afterwards, a banquet is customarily held to which many people, including friends and colleagues, are invited To celebrate the happy occasion, guests give the bride and groom goshuugi– gift money in special envelopes Goshuugi from friends is usually 20,000 yen or 30,000 yen What is the main idea of this passage? A Dishes served at Japan's wedding parties in the past B Wedding ceremonies in Japan's economic bubble C Popular wedding gifts in Japan D Wedding ceremonies in Japan * Câu hỏi 3: Nhận diện cách tổ chức ý tưởng bố cục chung thái độ Cách trình bày bố cục Time order (Chronological order): trình tự thời gian Dấu hiệu      Firstly, secondly, finally, next, then… Cause – effect: nguyên nhân hệ Dấu hiệu        Because, since, as, lead to, due to, as a result, consequently Definition – example: định nghĩa – ví dụ Dấu hiệu  define,  mean,  ndicate, Comparison and contrast: so sánh Dấu hiệu       On one hand, On the other hand, more, less, least, most Problem – solution: vấn đề - giải pháp Dấu hiệu  cause,  result in,  deal with… Eg: Alzheimer’s disease impairs a person’s ability to recall memories, both distant and as a few hours before Although there is no yet a cure for the illness, there may be hope for a cure with a protein called nerve growth factor The protein is produced by nerve cells in the same region of the brain where Alzheimer’s occurs Based on this relationship, scientists from the University of Lund in Sweden and the University of California at San Diego designed an experiment to test whether doses of nerve growth factor could reverse the effects of memories loss caused by Alzheimer’s Using a group of rats with impaired memory, the scientists gave half of the rat doses of nerve growth factor while giving the other half a blood protein as a placebo, thus creating a control group At the end of the four-week test, the rats given the nerve growth factor performed equally to rats with normal memory abilities While the experiments not show that nerve growth factor can stop the general process of deterioration caused by Alzheimer’s, they show potential as a means to slowing the process significantly The passage most closely resembles which of the following patterns of organization? A Chronological order B Cause-effect C Statement and illustration D Alphabetical order * Câu hỏi Xác định thông tin nêu kĩ thuật  Skimming  Scanning  Paraphrasing Các dạng câu hỏi  According to the passage…  It is stated in the passage…  The passage indicates that……  Which of the following is true… Cách làm cụ thể     Gạch chân key word, ý quan trọng Dùng kỹ scanning để tìm đoạn phù hợp để đọc kỹ lấy thông tin Đọc kỹ câu chứa từ khóa ý câu hỏi cẩn thận Loại đáp án chắn sai lựa chọn đáp án lựa chọn lại Eg: In many European cultures, names are typically chosen by parents Parents' choice for their child's name may be based on names of their relatives or ancestors For example, in Italy, children are traditionally named after their grandparents The parents generally use the father's parents' names first If they have more children, then they will use the mother's parents' names Similarly, some people in Eastern Europe name their children after relatives who have died This tradition is seen as a means to protect the child from the Angel of Death According to the passage, in many European cultures, names are typically selected by A ancestors B parents C relatives D grandparents * Câu hỏi 5: Xác định thơng tin KHƠNG nêu Các dạng câu hỏi      Which of the following is NOT stated ? Which of the following is NOT mentioned ? Which of the following is NOT discussed ? Which of the following are false….? All of the following are true EXCEPT Trả lời  Câu trả lời thông tin không xuất  Câu trả lời câu sai so với Cách làm cụ thể      Gạch chân key word, ý quan trọng Dùng kỹ scanning để tìm đoạn phù hợp để đọc kỹ lấy thông tin Đọc kỹ câu chứa từ khóa ý câu hỏi cẩn thận Loại bỏ lựa chọn đề cập so với đọc Chọn phương án không đề cập không với đọc Eg: Carson’s first book, Under the Sea Wind, was published in 1941 It received excellent reviews, but sales were poor until it was reissued in 1952 In that year, she published The Sea Around Us, which provided a fascinating look beneath the ocean’s surface, emphasizing human history as well as geology and marine biology Her language had a poetic quality Carson consulted no less than 1,000 printed sources She had voluminous correspondence and frequent discussions with experts in the field However, she always realized the limitations of her non-technical readers Which of the following was NOT mentioned in the passage as a source of information for The Sea Around US? A Printed matter B Talks with experts C Letters from scientists D A research expedition * Câu hỏi 6: Xác định thông tin đề cập đâu Câu hỏi thường gặp Where is the passage…? => Câu trả lời vài dòng liền chứa thông tin câu hỏi Cách làm cụ thể  Xác định từ khóa hay ý câu hỏi  Đọc nhanh lựa chọn đưa  Lựa chọn đáp án nơi chứa thông tin câu hỏi Eg: Colloquialisms, on the other hand, are familiar words and idioms that are understood by almost all speakers of a language and used in informal speech or writing, but not considered acceptable for more formal situations Almost all idiomatic expressions are colloquial language Slang, refers to words and expressions understood by a large number of speakers but not accepted as appropriate formal usage by the majority Colloquial expressions and even slang may be found in standard dictionaries but will be so identified Both colloquial usage and slang are more common in speech than writing Where in the passage does the author explain where colloquial language and slang are most commonly used? A Line - B Line 13 - 14 * Câu hỏi 7: Suy luận, tìm hàm ý Các câu hỏi thường gặp C Line 10-11 D Line 3-5     It is implied in the passage that It can be inferred from the passage that… It is most likely that… What probably happened… ? => Câu trả lời cho câu hỏi thường dựa vào ý hiểu bài, nhiên tìm theo trình tự đọc Cách làm  Tìm từ (key words), then chốt câu hỏi  Đọc lướt (skimming) đọc lướt xem từ then chốt,ý then chốt nằm chỗ đoạn văn (thường theo thứ tự bài)  Đọc kỹ câu văn chứa từ, ý then chốt  Tìm câu trả lời phù hợp theo đoạn văn  Dùng phương pháp loại trừ loại phương án sai nhất, chọn phương án phương án lại Eg: The issue of equality for women in British society first attracted national attention in the early 20th century, when the suffragettes won for women the right to vote In the 1960s feminism became the subject of intense debate when the women’s liberation movement encouraged women to reject their traditional supporting role and to demand the equal right with men in areas such as employment and play It can be inferred from the paragraph that in the 19th century _ A British women didn’t have the right to vote in political elections B most women didn’t wish to have equal status and equal rights C British women didn’t complete their traditional supporting role D suffragettes fought for the equal employment and equal pay * Câu hỏi 8: Tìm từ cụm từ nói đến quy chiếu đến đoạn văn Các dạng câu hỏi The word ’’X’’ in the passage refers to Câu trả lời thường cụm từ nằm câu trước câu chứa từ quy chiếu Eg: Invited guests are seated closer to the bride and groom, with family and relatives seated further in back The bride’s and groom's bosses usually give congratulatory speeches then their friends sing in celebration Other wedding highlights include a candle ceremony where the couple holds a candle while greeting their guests at each table, and the cutting of the wedding cake Afterwards, the bride and groom thank their parents with a speech, then leave to end the party The word "their" in paragraph refers to A the couple’s B the parents' C the relatives’ D the friends' * Câu hỏi 9: Câu hỏi từ vựng, tìm từ đồng nghĩa, trái nghĩa Các dạng câu hỏi  What is the meaning of ‘’X’’ in line ‘’Y’’?  Which of the following word has the closest meaning with the ‘’X’’ in line ‘’Y’’?  Which of the following has the opposite meaning with the word “X’ in line “Y”? => Dựa vào thông tin xung quanh từ đưa để đoán nghĩa từ Cách làm cụ thể     Tìm từ đọc Đọc câu chứa từ cẩn thận Tìm manh mối ngữ cảnh để giúp hiểu ý nghĩa từ Chọn đáp án mà ngữ cảnh thể Eg: No matter where the name comes from, a child's name is the first gift in life Whether the name is chosen according to preference or dictated by tradition, it reflects something about a child’s culture For that reason, all names should be treasured and respected The word "treasured" in paragraph is closest in meaning to A ignored B developed C valued D revealed CÁC CÁCH ĐOÁN NGHĨA CỦA TỪ Sử dụng định nghĩa, giải thích ✓ Định nghĩa sau dấu gạch nối (-) ✓ Định nghĩa sau dấu phẩy (,) ✓ Định nghĩa sau từ như: is, means, refer to, that is, consist of,…” Eg: “Unlike us, many mammals are nocturnal, which means that they are active at night and sleep through the day Long ago, the first mammals moved about under the cover of darkness to escape predatory dinosaurs Many of the smallest mammals have remained nocturnal, and mammalian predators, such as foxes, are active at night in order to catch them.” Sử dụng từ đồng nghĩa Eg: “Erosion from overfarming the land caused millions of acres to be withdrawn from production Further, the use of chemical fertilizers, which was increased greatly between 1950 and 1984, had adverse, or harmful, effect on water supplies.” Sử dụng từ trái nghĩa ✓ Chú ý cách dùng liên từ đối lập while, however, in contrast, but, … ✓ mệnh đề đối lập nối với liên từ Eg: “Tunisia is the smallest country in the North Africa It lies between Algeria and Libya On the north is the Mediterranean Sea The northern part of the country contains vary fertile soil while the southern are is very dry The two areas are separated by the Atlas Mountains.” Dựa vào ngữ cảnh Không phải lúc nào, đoạn văn ta đọc có dấu hiệu dễ nhận biết cách đoán nghĩa từ đề cập => Phải dựa vào ngữ cảnh đoạn văn mà ta đọc => Đọc câu chứa từ đó, câu trước câu sau để hiểu rõ nội dung Eg: “According to tradition, a child puts a lost tooth under his or her pillow before going to bed In the wee hours, while the child is sleeping, the Tooth Fairy takes the tooth and leaves something else under the pillow.” The phrase "the wee hours" probably refers to the period of time A early in the evening B soon after midnight C late in the morning D long before bedtime C MỘT SỐ VÍ DỤ MINH HỌA PASSAGE 1: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from to 10 Reading to oneself is a modern activity which was almost unknown to the scholars of the classical and medieval worlds, while during the fifteenth century the term “reading” undoubtedly meant reading aloud Only during the nineteenth century did silent reading become commonplace One should be wary, however, of assuming that silent reading came about simply because reading aloud was a distraction to others Examinations of factors related to the historical development of silent reading have revealed that it became the usual mode of reading for most adults mainly because the tasks themselves changed in character The last century saw a steady gradual increase in literacy and thus in the number of readers As the number of readers increased, the number of potential listeners declined and thus there was some reduction in the need to read aloud As reading for the benefit of listeners grew less common, so came the flourishing of reading as a private activity in such public places as libraries, railway carriages and offices, where reading aloud would cause distraction to other readers Towards the end of the century, there was still considerable argument over whether books should be used for information or treated respectfully and over whether the reading of materials such as newspapers was in some way mentally weakening Indeed, this argument remains with us still in education However, whatever its virtues, the old shared literacy culture had gone and was replaced by the printed mass media on the one hand and by books and periodicals for a specialised readership on the other By the end of the twentieth century, students were being recommended to adopt attitudes to books and to use reading skills which were inappropriate, if not impossible, for the oral reader The social, cultural and technological changes in the century had greatly altered what the term “reading” implied Question 1: Reading aloud was more common in the medieval world because A people relied on reading for entertainment B silent reading had not been discovered C there were few places available for private reading D few people could read to themselves Question 2: The word “commonplace” in the first paragraph mostly means “ ” A for everybody’s use B most preferable C attracting attention D widely used Question 3: The development of silent reading during the last century indicated A an increase in the average age of readers B an increase in the number of books C a change in the nature of reading D a change in the status of literate people Question 4: Silent reading, especially in public places, flourished mainly because of A the decreasing need to read aloud B the development of libraries C the increase in literacy D the decreasing number of listeners Question 5: It can be inferred that the emergence of the mass media and specialised reading materials was an indication of A a decline of standards of literacy B a change in the readers’ interest C an alteration in educationalists’ attitudes D an improvement of printing techniques Question 6: The phrase “a specialised readership” in paragraph mostly means “ ” A a requirement for readers in a particular area of knowledge B a limited number of readers in a particular area of knowledge C a reading volume for particular professionals D a status for readers specialised in mass media Question 7: The phrase “oral reader” in the last paragraph mostly means “a person who ” A is good at public speaking B practises reading to an audience C takes part in an audition D is interested in spoken language Question 8: All of the following might be the factors that affected the continuation of the old shared literacy culture EXCEPT A the inappropriate reading skills B the specialised readership C the diversity of reading materials D the printed mass media Question 9: Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage? A Reading aloud was more common in the past than it is today B Not all printed mass media was appropriate for reading aloud C The decline of reading aloud was wholly due to its distracting effect D The change in reading habits was partly due to the social, cultural and technological changes Question 10: The writer of this passage is attempting to A explain how reading habits have developed B change people’s attitudes to reading C show how reading methods have improved D encourage the growth of reading PASSAGE 2: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from to 10 Probably the most famous film commenting on the twentieth-century technology is Modern Times, made in 1936 Charlie Chaplin was motivated to make the film by a reporter who, while interviewing him, happened to describe the working conditions in industrial Detroit Chaplin was told that healthy young farm boys were lured to the city to work on automotive assembly lines Within four or five years, these young men’s health was destroyed by the stress of work in the factories The film opens with a shot of a mass of sheep making their way down a crowded ramp Abruptly, the film shifts to a scene of factory workers jostling one another on their way to a factory However, the rather bitter note of criticism in the implied comparison is not sustained It is replaced by a gentle note of satire Chaplin prefers to entertain rather than lecture Scenes of factory interiors account for only about one-third of Modern Times, but they contain some of the most pointed social commentary as well as the most comic situations No one who has seen the film can ever forget Chaplin vainly trying to keep pace with the fast-moving conveyor belt, almost losing his mind in the process Another popular scene involves an automatic feeding machine brought to the assembly line so that workers need not interrupt their labor to eat The feeding machine malfunctions, hurling food at Chaplin, who is strapped in his position on the assembly line and cannot escape This serves to illustrate people’s utter helplessness in the face of machines that are meant to serve their basic needs Clearly, Modern Times has its faults, but it remains the best film treating technology within a social context It does not offer a radical social message, but it does accurately reflect the sentiment of many who feel they are victims of an over-mechanised world Question 1: According to the passage, Chaplin got the idea for Modern Times from A a conversation B a movie C fieldwork D a newspaper Question 2: The young farm boys went to the city because they were A attracted by the prospect of a better life B forced to leave their sheep farm C promised better accommodation D driven out of their sheep farm Question 3: The phrase “jostling one another” in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to “ ” A running against each other B pushing one another C hurrying up together D jogging side by side Question 4: According to the passage, the opening scene of the film is intended A to reveal the situation of the factory workers B to produce a tacit association C to introduce the main characters of the film D to give the setting for the entire plot later Question 5: The word “vainly” in the fourth paragraph is closest in meaning to “ ” A effortlessly B recklessly C hopelessly D carelessly Question 6: The word “This” in the fourth paragraph refers to A the situation of young workers in a factory B the scene of an assembly line in operation C the scene of the malfunction of the feeding machine D the malfunction of the twentieth-century technology Question 7: According to the author, about two-thirds of Modern Times A is more critical than the rest B is rather discouraging C was shot outside a factory D entertains the audience most Question 8: The author refers to all of the following notions to describe Modern Times EXCEPT “ ” A entertainment B satire C criticism D revolution Question 9: Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A The working conditions in the car factories of the 1930s were very stressful B The author does not consider Modern Times as a perfect film C Modern Times depicts the over-mechanised world from a social viewpoint D In Modern Times, the factory workers’ basic needs are well met Question 10: The passage was written to A review one of Chaplin’s popular films B explain Chaplin’s style of acting C discuss the disadvantages of technology D criticize the factory system of the 1930s ♥ ... câu đoạn 1, câu đoạn câu đoạn 3, không xảy trường hợp câu đoạn câu cuối lại đoạn - Sau gạch chân keywords câu hỏi, đọc lướt nhanh bài, đánh dấu lại thơng tin thấy liên quan đến câu hỏi đọc kỹ. .. cuối đoạn văn Nếu ý khơng nằm cụ thể đầu cuối đoạn văn ta để lại làm cuối sau dành thời gian trả lời câu hỏi chi tiết Cách làm ✓ Đọc dòng đoạn văn ✓ Tìm ý chung dòng tìm mối liên hệ chúng ✓ Đọc. .. vào ý hiểu bài, nhiên tìm theo trình tự đọc Cách làm  Tìm từ (key words), then chốt câu hỏi  Đọc lướt (skimming) đọc lướt xem từ then chốt,ý then chốt nằm chỗ đoạn văn (thường theo thứ tự bài)