Cuốn sách Những nội dung cơ bản của Luật đấu thầu được xuất bản dưới dạng song ngữ Việt - Anh sẽ cung cấp cho bạn đọc các nội dung chính của Luật đấu thầu. Sách gồm 2 phần, mời các bạn cùng tham khảo phần 1 sau đây.
NHỮNG NỘI DUNG c BẢN CỦA LUẬT ĐẨU THẦU KEYISSUES IN THE LAW ON TENDERING NHÀ XUẤT BẢN TƯ P H Á P HÀ NỘI - 0 Phẩn thứ 6IỚI THIỆU LUẬT d A u thầu LỊI GIỎI THIỆU Đ ể góp phần p h ổ biên rộng rải c h ế định pháp lý luật, đạo luật quan trọng Bộ luật Dân sự, Luật Đầu tư, Luật Sở hừu trí tuệy Luật Doanh nghiệp, Luật Đấu thầu tới doanh nghiệp, tầng ỉớp nhân dân nước nước ngoài, Nhà xuất Tư pháp phôĩ hợp với Vụ Pháp luật quốc tếBộ Tư pháp xuất s ố ấn phẩm dạng song ngữ Việt - Anh giới thiệu cấc luật, đạo luật nói Hy uọng ấn phẩm Nhà xuất Tư pháp tài liệu phục vụ yêu cầu tim hiểu pháp luật Việt Nam cá nhân, tổ chức ngồi nưậc, góp phần vào việc thực minh bạch hoá pháp ỉuật Việt Nam gừi nhập T ổ chức thương mại thếgiBi (WrO) Xin trân trọng giới thiệu sách bạn đọc Tháng năm 2007 NHÀ XU Ấ T BẢN T PH Á P Phỉn thứ gi6 i thiệu lu ật d ấu th Au ■ ề f Phỏn th nht Glúri thiu Lut u thu ô I Bố CỤC CỦA LUẬT ĐẤU THẦU Luật đấu thầu Quốc hội khóa XI, kỳ họp thứ thơng qua ngày 29 tháng 11 năm 2005 có hiệu lực thi hành từ ngày 01 tháng nâm 2006, gồm chương 77 điều Cụ thể sau: C hương I • N hững quy đ ịn h ch u n g gồm 17 điểu (từ Diều ‘đến Điểu 17) Chương I I - L ự a ch o n n h th ầ u gồm 28 điều (từ Điêu 18 đến Điều 45) Chương / / / - Hợp d ồn g gồm 14 điều (từ Điều 46 đến Điều 59) Chưctng IV • Quyền n g h ĩa vụ củ a c c bên đ ấu thầu gồm có điều (từ Điều 60 đến Điểu 65) Chương V - Q uản lý h o t d ộ n g đ ấ u th ầ u gồm lO điều (từ Điều 66 đến Điều 75) Chương V ỉ - Đ iều k h o ả n th i h n h , Chương gồm có điểu (Điêu 76 Điều 77) NHỮNG NỘI DUNG BẢN CỦA LUẬT ĐẤU THẦU II NỘI DUNG Cơ BẢN CỦA LUẬT ĐẤU THẦU Phạm vi điều chỉnh, đối tượng áp dụng Phạm vi điều chinh Luật đấu thầu dự án sử dụng vốn nhà nưóc, cụ thể tập trung ỏ nhóm dự án vào tỷ lệ vốn nhà nước, lĩnh vực đầu tư, đơi tượng sử dụng, mục đích sử dụng vấn nhà nước, cụ th ể ỉà: Nhóm một, bao gồm dự án sủ dụng vốn nhà nước từ 30% trở lên cho mục tiêu đầu tư phát triển; bao gồm loại dự án đầu tư xây dựng nnới, nâng cấp mỏ rộng dự án đả đầu tư xây dựng; dự án đầu tư để mua sám tài sản kể thiết bị, máy mốc không* cần lắp đặt; dự án quy hoạch phát triển vù ng, quy hoạch phát triển ngành, quy hoạch xây dựng đô thị, nông thôn; dự án nghiên cứu khoa học, phát triển công nghệ, hổ trỢ kỹ thuặt dự án khác cho nnục tiêu đầu tư phát triển; Nhóm hai, bao gồm dự án sử dụng vơVi n h nước để mua sám tài sản nhằm trì hoạt động thưởng xuyên quan nhà nước, tổ chức trị, tổ 10 KEY ISSUES IN THE LAW ON TENDERING The Requirements to the Tenderers, Parties Calling for Tenders and Expert Tendering Groups - The requirements applỉcable to the tenderers, the Law on Tendering stipulates that the tenderers being organizations or individuals are permitted to participate in tendering the projects using State Capital when it satisfies the conditions provided for by laws which are: to be determined to have legality status such as having legal entity status and proving their economic and financial capacity for organizations; For individuals, in order to be determined to have legality status for participating in tendering, these individuals must have full capacity for civil acts, have lawful registration for operation and be not subject to investigation prosecution for a criminal liability - The requirements appỉicabỉe to a party calling for tenders an d to an expert tendering group, the Article of the Law on Tendering provides that individuals being members of a party calling for tenders must be knowledgeable about the laws on tendering; be knowledgeable about project management; have proíessional expertise appropriate to the requirements of the tender package in technical, fin£uicial, commercial, adm inistrative and legal fields; have íoreign 114 Part I Introduction to The Law on Tendering language skills sufficient to satisfy the working requirements for tender packages for vvhich international tendering is helci and for tender packages of ODA financed projects Members of an expert tendering group must satisĩv the requirements on qualification, expertise, working experience such as the following conditions: Have a certiHcate of attendance at a training course on tendering; Have proíessional expertise relevant to the tender package; Be knowledgeable about the specific contents of the tender package; Have at least three years’ working experience in ĩields relating to the economic and technical contents of the tender package Ensuring the Competitiveness, Openness, Transparency and Economic Effectiveness in Tenderíng Ensuring the competitiveness, openness, transparency and economic effectiveness in tendering are very important in tendering activities Articỉe ĩ l o f the Law on Tendering regulates distinctly the subjects and activities relating to different stages of tendering process tx) ensure the competitiveness and transparency, as foHowings; 115 KEY ISSUES IN THE LAW ON TENDERING - A consultancy tenderer who prepared a feasibility study report shall not be permitted to participate in tendering for the provision of consultancy services to prepare the technical designs of the same project Any consultancy tendercr who has already participated in ihe technical designs of a project shall not be permitted to participate in tendering for the subsequent steps, except in the case of an EPC tender package; - Any tenderer participating in tendering must be organÌ2ationally independent of, íinancially independent from, and not under the control of the managing body of the consultancy tenderer who prepared the tender invitation documents or who will assess the tenders; - A consultancy tenderer who supervises the implementation of a contract must be organizationally independent of, íĩnancially independent from, and not under the control of the managing body of the consultancy tenderer who performs the contract; - Tenderers, who participate in tendering for tender packages belonging to projects, 116 Part I Introduction to The Law on Tendering must be organizationally independent of, financially independent from, and not under the control of the managing body of the project investor To ensure that the tendering activities are carried out soundly, fairly, transparently and legally, the Law on Tendering provides in details conducts prohibited in tendering Among these prohibited conducts, there are prohibited conducts for the party calling for tenders, tenderers, investors; for competent organizations or individuals in tendering activitics and for any subject relating to tendering activities Any organization, individual performs any prohibited conduct shall be dealt with in accordance with the laws depending on the nature and level of the violation International Tendering The tendering activities, in the recent trend of intemational economic integration, are not only limited in domestic scope but also extend to íoreign organizations and individuals Hovvever, there are some limitations for the ĩoreign tenderers provided by laws in order to protect domestic tenderers who are naturally in 117 KEY ISSUES IN THE ưvw ON TENDERING disadvantageous position in comparing to the foreign tenderers The Laiv on Tendering provides that the foreign tenderers are perm itted to particìpate in tendering for tender packag es ỉn the folỉow íng cases' • Tender packages belonging to projects using ODA in vvhich the donor stipulates that international tendering must be held; - Tender packages for procurcment of goods where the goods are not yet able to be manufactured domestically; •Tender packages in vvhich domestic tenderers are incapablc of satisfying the requirements of the tender invitation documents, or in which domestic tcndering has bcen held but without selection of a winning tenderer Forms of Selectíon of Contractors Forms of selection of contractors are the ways which are used by investors to seỉect contractors who are the best in meeting the requirements of the tender package in certain circumstances The best form of selection of contractor, which ensures the competitiveness 118 Part I Introduction to The Law on Tenderỉng and is applied most popularly, is open tendering However, in some certain cases, the Law on Tendering provides that some other forms of selection of contractors can be applied so as to meet the urgent requirements of the tender package, simplify the procedure and reduce the cost in the process of selection of contractors These forms include limited tendering, direct appointment of contractor, direct procurement, competitive quotation in procurement of goods, self-implementation and selection of contractor in special cases - Open tendering: The open tendering is applied to select contractors for all tender packages belonging to projects stipulated by the Law on Tendering This form of selection of contractors creates the highest competitiveness, thus it results in the best eíĩectiveness The regulations on open tendering is an eíĩective measure to overcome the situations of Nvidely direct appointment of contractor, closed tendering, mono|;>oly in tendering, collusion between tenderers in tendering and other negativeness in tendering activities - Lim ited tendering: Limited tendering is a form of tendering in which the numbcr of participated tenderers is under certain limitation, a minimum of five 119 KEY ISSUES IN THE ư^w ON TENDERING tenderers who are considered to have the capability and experience may participate in the tendering This regulation is to ensure the strictness, limit taking unfair advantages of application of this form of tendering The limited tendering is only applied to some tender packages vvhich have unique qualities in certain circumstances - Dírect appointment o f contractor: This form of tendering allosvs the Party calling for tenders to select immediately a contractor who is determined as having suíTicient capability and experience to satisfy the requirements of the Party calling for tenders to enter into negotiation In this case, the Party calling for tenders still has to provide the tender package requirements to the contractor for preparation Then, the Party calling for tenders still has to assess the tenders of the contractor in comparing with the requirements of the tender package The contractors are only invited to negotiate the contract for conclusion only if they meet all requirements Concurrently, before conducting direct appointment of contractor (excepting of direct appointment of contractor in force-majeure cases), tke budget estimates for the tender package have to be approved as provided by laws 120 Part I Introductlon to The Law on Tendering Direct procurement: Direct procurement is a form which is oniy applied when a contract for a tender package with similar contents was signed vuithin the prevíous six months - Competitiưe quotation in procurement o f goods: This is a form of selection of contractor in order to perform the tender package of procurement of goods vvhich are commonly used goods, readily available on the market with standardized technical features and similar to each other in quality - S elf’ím pỉem entation: Self-implementation is a form in vvhich the Law on Tendering allovvs the investor to self-implement the tender package belonging to the project which such investor manages and utilises when the investor has suíTicient capability and experience to implement the tender package - Seỉection o f contracỀor in speciaỉ cases: According to the Law of Tendering, in the case of a tender package with particular requirements for vvhich the forms of selection of contractor as mentioned above cannot be applied, the investor shall prepare a plan for selection of contractor vvhich ensures competitiveness and economic effectiveness and submit the same to the 121 KEY ISSUES IN THE LAW ON TENDERING Prime Minister of the Government for his consideration and decision General Provisions on Tendering - Methods o f tendering: Depending on speciĩic tender package, the tenderer provides different methods of tendering The Law on Tendering stipulates methods of tendering as followings: The single envelope method o f tendering; the dual enveỉope m ethod o f tendering an d tiuo-phase tendering, Although vvhich method of tendering is applied, it must be ensured two main issues which are technícal contents an d [ỉnancial contents - Tender guarantee: Tender guarantee means the tenderer provides one of the tender guarantee measures such as deposit, paying a secuhty or submitting the letter of guarantee in order to ensure the tender obligations of the tenderer in a speciĩied period of time as required in the tender invitation documents - Methods for assessment o f tenders: Assessment of tenders must be based on the criteria for assessment of tenders and other requirements stipulated in the tender invitation documents and also be based on the submitted tenders and any statements from ten122 Part I Introduction to The Law on Tendering derers clarifying their tenders in order to ensure selection of a contractor vvith adequate capability and G X p G r i e n c e a n d with f a s i b l e s o l u t i o n s f o r i m p l p m í í n tation of the tender package The Law on Tendering provides that the ữssessment o f tender shaỉỉ be heỉd under two steps which are preliminary assessment of tenders and detailed assessment of tenders Sequence for Implementation of Tendering The sequence for implementation of tendering is stipulated by the Section Chapter II o f the Law on Tendering rfrom Ai*ticle 32 to Article 42) Together with regulations on the sequence for implementation of tendering, the Law on Tendering also provides regulations on the time-limits applicable during tendering {the Articỉe 3Ĩ) The sequence for implementaíion o f tendering to select tenderers ỉncludes steps as [olloỉvings: - Preparation for tendering; - Organization of tcndering; - Assessment of tenders; - Suhmission fnr a[)provaI and evaluation of the results of tendering; 123 KEY ISSUES IN THE LAW ON TENDERING - Approval of the results of tendering; - Notiílcation of the results of Lendering; - Negotiation, finalization and signing of the contract Cancellation of Tenderíng and Rejection of Tencỉers Cancellation of tendering is the measure which is applicable in cases of alteration of the objectives or scope of the investment; or all tenders íailed to satisfy the basic requirements of the tender invitation documents; or detection of negative acts such as the party calling for tenders colluded with tenderers or all tenderers colluded each other to adversely affect the interests of the party calling for tenders Cancellation of tendering means that the tenderer having that tender fails to satisfy the important requirements for participating in tendering or does not win in tendering Contracts When the results of tendering were approved, the investor negotiates and finalizes the contract for signing with the vvinning tenderer The contract is an impor124 Part I Introduction to The Law on Tendering tant base recording the nghts and obligations of the parties in tendering and it also is of practical signiíication for attaining the targets of the project which is put out for tender The contract relations in our country now are basically regulated by the Civil Code Thus, to ensure the uniformity of the legal system, the Law on Tendering only stipulates the specific issues of tendering activities, as for general issues the regulations in the Civil Code are still applied, The contract íssues reguỉated by the Law on Tendering incỉude: principles for íormulation of contracts; contents of contracts; form3 of contract; signing of contract; tract períormance guarantee; vvarranty; adjustment to contracts; contract payment; supervision of imple- mentation of contract; check and acceptance; and liquidation of the contract 10 Rights and Obligations of Parties in Tendering The parties in tendering as provided in the Chapter r v o f the Law on Tenderíng include: the authorized persons of the State agencies, investor, party calling for tenders, expert tendering groups, tenderers, evaluating bodies or organizations To clearly clarify the 125 KEY ISSUES IN THE LAW ON TENDERING rights and obligations of each party, the Chapter IV of the Law on Tendering stipulates speciíically the scope of the rights and obligations of these parties in the process of selection of the contractors 11 Admínistration of Tendering Activíties Strengthening of State administration is one of the significant issues to ensure that all the key targets of the tendering activities are attained However, in the past time, the State administration in tendering was not eíTective as desired due to different reasons Relaxing administration, especially for the post-tendering administration in some places, caused reduction of the quality of projects and delayed the implementation which is One of the prime shortcomings of tendering activities in our country To create the legal basis and contribute to enhandng the effectiveness of the State administration of tendering activities in the future, the Law on Tendering has a chapter {Chapter V) to provide for the contents of S t a t e administration of tendering, responsibilities of the related agencies in administration of tendering activities, tendering inspectorate, dealing with situations in tendering, resolution of 126 Part I Introduction to The Law on Tendering protests regarding tendering, dealing vvith complaints and denunciations about tendering and dealing with breaches of the laws on tendering These contents were stipulated concisely in order to coníorm to the trend of drafting regulations on State administration in laws which were promulgated recently 127 ... có điểu (Điêu 76 Điều 77) NHỮNG NỘI DUNG BẢN CỦA LUẬT ĐẤU THẦU II NỘI DUNG Cơ BẢN CỦA LUẬT ĐẤU THẦU Phạm vi điều chỉnh, đối tượng áp dụng Phạm vi điều chinh Luật đấu thầu dự án sử dụng vốn nhà... thể này, Chương IV Luật đấu :hầu xác định cụ thể phạm vi quyền nghía vụ lọ tham gia vào trình lựa chọn nhà thầu 21 NHỮNG NỘI DUNG BẢN CỦA LUẬT ĐẤU THẨU 11 Quản lý hoạt động đấu thâu Tăng cưòng... Điều 11 Đào đảm cạnh tranh đấu thẩu 47 Điếu 12 Các hành vi bị cấm đáu thầu 48 Điếu 13 Đáu thẩu quốc té 52 25 NHỮNG NỘI DUNG BÀN CỦA LUẬT ĐẨU THẨU Điểu 14 ưu đâi đấu thầu quốc tế 52 Điểu 15 Đổng