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SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO HÀ NỘI ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP TRƯỜNG THPT YÊN HOÀ MÔN TIẾNG ANH 12 HỌC KỲ - NĂM HỌC 2018 - 2019 PHẦN NỘI DUNG KIẾN THỨC Từ Unit đến unit Topics: Life stories, Urbanization, The green movement, The mass media, Cultural identity Grammar: Tenses, the reported speech, the passive voice, the conditional, wishes, relative clauses, articles, the present subjunctive, prepositions after certain verbs, the comparative, inversion PHẦN BÀI TẬP Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions a unwise b develops c values d equals a excited b excuse c exchange d example a beats b reads c mats d banks a played b rained c phoned d missed a primary b divide c examine d science a money b modern c mother d month a multiply b simply c imply d purify a unsatisfactory b unreal c unable d united a organization b station c orator d cooperation 10 a invited b naked c laughed d stopped 11 a reasons b employers c photographs d weekends 12 a find b bite c since d drive 13 a massage b carriage c voyage d dosage 14 a damage b luggage c manage d teenage 15 a visited b arrived c stayed d listened 16 a sure b secure c sacrifice d secondary 17 a through b rough c cough d tough 18 a serves b hopes c likes d writes 19 a ozone b opposition c oppose d overdose 20 a breathing b ethane c thank d healthy Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions a apology b communicative c attention d appropriate a verbal b polite c common d social a algebra b subsidy c physical d statistics a dependent b currency c business d recognize a imagine b convenient c industry d security a prepare b tendency c sulphur d section a caring b decision c permit d annoy a reserved b attempt c biologist d household a obedient b leftovers c project d generally 10 a secret b behave c relationship d allow 11 a sacrifice b significant c precede ` d contractual 12 a informality b regulation c impolite d discourtesy 13 a tertiary b daunting c challenging d request 14 a tearaway b methodical c kindergarten d tragedy 15 a tuition b forecast c current d infant 16 a banquet b altar c reject d blessing 17 a original b campus c advertise d aspect 18 a reference b process c rural d supply 19 a proficiency b acceptance c department d thoroughly 20 a nonverbal b thoughtful c indicate d argument Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions The President has …… his commitment to the peace process a reargued b reenacted c reaffirmed d reminded They …… time and money doing such a thing a were advised not to waste b were advised not to be wasted c were advising not to waste d were advising not to be wasted He lives …… he tenth floor …… the centre of the city a in/in c on/in d in/on I feel like …… a letter to the authorities about the need for public transportation a to write b on/on b writing c to writing d written Ann hopes …… to join the private club She could make important business contacts there a to invite b inviting c to be invited I feel very tired I …… in the garden for the last two hours a have been working b worked c have worked d had been working Could you wait for a few minutes until the manager …… back? a will get b gets c is getting d had got …… want to get a god job have to have certain qualifications and experience a who b those which c those who d those whom d being invited …… that we were late, we began to run a Knowing b To know c We knew d As knowing 10 Today a lot of important inventions are carried …… by scientists a in b with c for d out 11 If only my mother …… here with me at the moment a are being b would be c had been d were 12 Tan apologized …… the teacher …… rude to him the day before a to / for being b to / for to be c for / for being d x / for being 13 So many …… people applied for the position that we won’t be able to make a decision for weeks a well-qualified b well-behaved c well-known d well-mannered 14 …… you work harder, you won’t be admitted to that university a If b When c Unless d Because 15 Yesterday we visited the City Museum, …… I'd never been before a which b that c to that d to which 16 Tom …… Helen the next day a accused me to help b promised to help c warned to help d reminded helping 17 …… he didn't attend English courses, he spoke English so well a Because b However c Although c Despite c provides d contributes 18 Unemployment …… directly to homelessness a attributes b creates 19 He clearly had no …… of doing any work, although it was only a week till the exam a desire b ambition c willingness d intention c put on d turn out 20 Their aim is to …… a new political party a set up b stand for 21 The discussion …… Why are you always late? a already began b begins c is beginning d has already begun 22 They decided to go for a picnic …… the cold weather a because of b and c because d in spite of c he to go to d he go to 23 His mother insisted on …… college a is going to b his going to 24 The country is experiencing a severe economic …… a development b cooperation c depression d reform 25 When are you going to get the roof …….? It leaks quite badly a repair b to repair c repairing d repaired 26 …… his best contribution, our team wouldn’t have won the game a But for b If c Unless d Otherwise 27 Roberta was the first person …… to speak at the meeting a asked b to ask c to be asked d who asked 28 Sarah lived …… campus in her first year at college a in b on c at d into 29 It was reported that neither the passengers nor the driver …… in the crash a were injured b are injured c was injured d have been injured 30 If I had gone to the party last night, I …… tired now a am b were c would be d would have been 31 …… that I could hardly hear her a So quietly she spoke b So quietly did she speak c So did she speak quietly d She spoke so quiet 32 Did you apologize to Mary, …….? a who you spilt some coffee on her dress b you spilt some coffee on her dress c whose dress you spilt some coffee d whose dress you spilt some coffee on 33 It was …… furniture that I didn’t buy it a so expensive b such expensive c such an expensive d a so expensive 34 Dr Sales is a person …… a in who I don’t have much confidence b in that I don’t have much confidence c I don’t have much confidence in him d I don’t have much confidence in 35 The light …… out while we were having tea a was going b went c had gone d has gone 36 John left without a word If only he …… something a had said b says c was saying d to say 37 This story reminds me …… a novel …… Mark Twain a of / of b about / by c of / by d about/ of 38 Don’t try to phone me By the time you …… this letter, I …… a read / had left b read / will have left c have read / will leave d had read / would have left 39 It was only …… he told me his name that I realized that we had been to the same school a then b until c as soon as d when 40 Rarely …… attracted so much media attention a a debate b a debate was c has a debate d was a debate 41 …… here, he would help us with these troubles a Were Peter b If were Peter c Unless were Peter d Unless Peter were 42 These are the books …… by my uncle a were written b written c writing d which was written 43 Someone told us …… on the stairs a don’t sit b not sit c not to sit d to not sit 44 The manager is responsible …… dealing with complaints …… customers a for / from b to / of c of / for d with / to 45 A lot needs …… to the house before anyone can move in a doing b be done c to d done 46 Something …… immediately to prevent teenagers from …… in factories and mines a should be done/ being exploited b we should do/ exploiting c should do/ be exploited d should have done/ exploited 47 Martin tried on two jackets, …… fitted him a none b none of which c neither of which d all of those 48 When I got up this morning, the kitchen was spotless Alex …… it before she went to bed last night a should have tidied b needn’t have tidied c must have tidied d mustn’t have tidied 49 To prepare for the housewarming party, Jolie’s family bought …… last week a round small wooden four tables c four small round wooden tables b four wooden small round tables d four round wooden small tables 50 No sooner …… the news …… she fainted a she had heard / than b had she heard / when c did she hear / when d had she heard / than Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges “Hello, nice to see you again” - “…….” a Me too b So am I c I’m, too d Yes, thanks a lot - “……., children nowadays watch too much TV.” - “Absolutely!” a In my conclusion b In my opinion c As you see d As a matter of fact - “…….” “Would you mind opening the window?” a Not at all I’ll it now b Oh, sorry c I’d rather you d OK, right now - “Shall we have a drink when you finish your class?” - “ …… ” a No, we can’t b All right c You’re welcome d You needn’t that “…….” - “Oh, thank you I just got it yesterday.” a When have you got this beautiful dress? b You’ve just bought this beautiful dress, haven’t you? c How a beautiful dress you’re wearing! d That’s a beautiful dress you have on! – “…….” - “Oh, it’s great!” a How is the English competition like? b Would you like the English competition? c What you like about the English competition? d What you think of the English competition? Mary: "The hat's so beautiful Thanks." Tony: "…… " a The same to you! b I'm glad you like it c Great idea! d Lucky you! “Oh, I’m really sorry!” - “…….” a It was a pleasure d That’s all right c Thanks d Yes, why? - Peter: “Would you like some more tea?” - Mary: “…….” a It doesn’t matter b Yes, please c Here you are d I’m OK 10 Paul: Mary, this is Mr Baker Mary (to Mr Baker): …… a How are you? b How you c Hello d Hi c Why's that? d I need it 11 "Let's go to the movie now." "Oh! …… " a Good idea! b I don't 12 Jane: “What shall we this weekend?” Alex: “…….” a I went out for dinner b Oh, that’s good c Let’s go out for dinner d No problem 13 Lan: “Does global warming worry you?” - Nga: “…….” a What a shame b Oh, it’s hotter and hotter c I can’t bear to think about it d I don’t like hot weather 14 What an attractive hairstyle you have got, Mary!” – Mary: “…….” a Thank you very much I am afraid b You are telling a lie c Thank you for your compliment d I don’t like your saying 15 Jane: “It’s going to rain.” - Mary “…….” a I hope not so b I don’t hope so c I hope not d I don’t hope either 16 - Albert: “Can you give me some information?” - Brian: “…… ” a No thanks b Yes, I can c Certainly, sir d I’d love to b I’m sorry c Yes? d Yes, I am 17 - “Oh, Miss?” - “…….” a That’s all right 18 Peter: “Janet, make us some tea, will you?” - Janet: “…….” a No, I won’t I’m afraid c Don’t worry Go ahead b Sorry, I don’t d I can’t I’m afraid 19 - “How about giving me a hand?” – “…….” a I promise b No, not yet c Sure I’d be glad to help d You’re welcome 20 “Would you rather have wine or coke?” – “…….” a It doesn’t matter b No problem c Sure d None, please Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions The factory is fined for discharging dangerous chemicals into the river a increasing b releasing c decreasing d keeping After her mother died, she was raised by her grandparents a grown up b brought up c come into d put up Every woman who has enough criteria can join the beauty contest irrespective of their background a regardless of b in consideration of c under guarantee d on account of I am concerned about my children a angry d sad b respected c admired d regarded In an effort to eliminate dense fog from airports, weathermen utilize several measures a perceive c happy During the summer holidays my mother couldn’t believe I argued with my sister a quarreled b worried b remove c create d move Dozens of applicants showed up for the vacant position, but only a handful of them were shortlisted for the interview a class b small amount c hand d small number Even though the mountain was very steep and the climb was hazardous, several adventurous tourists managed to reach the top a bringing excitement b costing a lot of money c resulting in depression ` d causing a lot of risks GCSEs are not compulsory, but they are the most common qualification taken by 14 to 16 - year - old children a fulfilled b specialized c applied d required 10 Although the government has taken certain measures to protect elephants, numerous threats remain of them a too much b a few c a lot of d some Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions If you are at a loose end this week, I’ll show you round the city a free d reluctant b guess c complicated d soak His extravagant ideas were never brought to fruition a impressive c occupied The International Organizations are going to be in a temporary way in the country a permanent b confidence b exaggerated c unacceptable d practical The new laws to conserve wildlife in the area will come into force next month a protect b eliminate c pollute d destroy My uncle, who is an accomplished guitarist, taught me how to play a unimpaired b unskilled c ill-educated “Can I have a rise?” “– Out of the question!” a what a stupid thing to ask for b possible c I don’t understand exactly what you mean d of course We are now a 24/7 society where shops and services must be available all hours a an active society b a physical society c an inactive society d a working society Any student who neglects his or her homework is unlikely to well at school a attends to d unqualified b puts off c approves of d looks for No one knew precisely what would happen to a human being in space a casually b wrongly c flexibly d informally 10 The nominating committee always meets behind closed doors, lest its deliberations become known prematurely a privately b safely c publicly d dangerously Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions “I left my umbrella here last night”, said Jane a Jane said me that she had left her umbrella there the previous night b I told Jane I had left my umbrella there the night before c Jane told me she had left her umbrella there the night before d Jane asked me to leave the umbrella there the previous day Turn off all the switches before leaving the room a All the switches must be turned off before leaving the room b All the switches must be turned off before you leave the room c You must leave the room before turning off all the switches d You must leave the room as soon as you turn off all the switches He didn’t his homework He gets bad marks now - If he had done his homework, …… a he wouldn’t have gotten bad marks b he would get bad marks now c he would have gotten good marks d he wouldn’t get bad marks now Jane refused to attend his birthday party, which made him feel sad a Jane made him sad despite her refusal to attend his birthday party b Jane refused to attend his birthday party because it made him sad c Jane’s refusal to attend his birthday party made him feel sad d Jane, whom made him feel sad, refused to attend his birthday party No sooner had we arrived than the performance began a The performance had started before we arrived b The performance started sooner than we arrived c Hardly had we arrived when the performance began d When we arrived the performance had already started John wishes he had remembered to send Mary a Christmas card a John regrets to send Mary a Christmas card b John regrets forgetting not to send Mary a Christmas card c John regrets not remembering sending Mary a Christmas card d John regrets forgetting to send Mary a Christmas card The way to get the best out of me is to make me work very hard a My work is under consideration, so I my best b If you make me work hard, I can't get the best c Don't make me work hard or I can’t make the best out of me d I work best when I am under pressure David drove so fast; it was very dangerous a David drove so fast, which was very dangerous b David drove so fast and was very dangerous c David drove so fast, then was very dangerous d David drove so fast that was very dangerous His eel soup is better than any other soups I have ever eaten a Of all the soups I have ever eaten, his eel soup is the best b I have ever eaten many soups that are better than his eel soup c His eel soup is the worst of all soups I have eaten d His eel soup is good but I have ever eaten many others better 10 She gets up early to prepare breakfast so that her children can come to school on time a Despite her getting up early to prepare breakfast, her children cannot come to school on time b Because she wants her children to come to school on time, she gets up early to prepare breakfast c If she does not get up early to prepare breakfast, her children will not come to school on time d Unless she gets up early to prepare breakfast, her children will not come to school on time 10 Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions The student next to me kept chewing gum That bothered me a lot a The student next to me kept chewing gum, that bothered me a lot b The student next to me kept chewing gum, which bothered me a lot c The student next to me kept chewing gum bothering me a lot d The student next to me kept chewing gum bothered me a lot He was suspected to have stolen credit cards The police have investigated him for days a He has been investigated for days, suspected to have stolen credit cards b Suspecting to have stolen credit cards, he has been investigated for days c Having suspected to have stolen credit cards, he has been investigated for days d Suspected to have stolen credit cards, he has been investigated for days She hoped to find the lost book She searched everywhere a Hoping to find the lost book, she searched everywhere b Hoped to find the lost book, she searched everywhere c Being hope to find the lost book, she searched everywhere d Hopes to find the lost book, she searched everywhere He was exhausted by his work He threw himself on his bed a Was exhausted by his work, he threw himself on his bed b Exhaust by his work, he threw himself on his bed c Threw himself on his bed, exhausted by his work d Exhausted by his work, he threw himself on his bed Joe does a lot of exercise He’s still very fat a Despite the fact that doing a lot of exercise, Joe’s still very fat b Joe does a lot of exercise, so he’s very fat c Even though Joe does a lot of exercise, he’s very fat d Joe’s very fat, but he does a lot of exercise The man wanted to get some fresh air in the room He opened the window a The man wanted to get some fresh air in the room because he opened the window b The man opened the window in order to get some fresh air in the room c The man got some fresh air in the room, even though he opened the window d Having opened the window, the room could get some fresh air She is the advisor We got those recommendations from her a She is the advisor, who we got those recommendations from b She is the advisor whom we got those recommendations from her 11 c She is the advisor from that we got those recommendations d She is the advisor from whom we got those recommendations I strongly disapproved of your behavior However, I will help you this time a Despite of my strong disapproval of your behavior, I will help you this time b Despite my strong disapproval of your behavior, I will help you this time c Because of your behavior, I will help you this time d Although I strongly disapproved of your behavior, but I will help you this time We cut down many forests The Earth becomes hot a The more forests we cut down, the hotter the Earth becomes b The more we cut down forests, the hotter the Earth becomes c The more forests we cut down, the Earth becomes hotter d The more we cut down forests, the Earth becomes hotter 10 She tried very hard to pass the driving test She could hardly pass it a Although she didn’t try hard to pass the driving test, she could pass it b Despite being able to pass the driving test, she didn’t pass it c No matter how hard she tried, she could hardly pass the driving test d She tried very hard, so she passed the driving test satisfactorily Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from to Around the age of eighteen, you must make one of the biggest decisions of your life "Do I stay on at school and hopefully go on to university later? Do I leave and start work or begin a training (1) …….?” The decision is yours, but it may be (2) …… remembering two things: there is more unemployment among people who haven't been to university, and people who have the right skills will have a big advantage in the competition for jobs If you decide to go straight into a job, there are many opportunities for training Getting qualifications will help you get (3) …… more quickly in many careers, and evening classes allow you to learn (4) …… you earn Starting work and taking a break to study when you are older is another possibility By this way, you can save up money for your student days as well as (5) …… practical work experience a school b course c term d class a useful b worth c important d necessary a in b to c on d into a when b what c where d while a doing b making c getting d taking 12 Thanksgiving is a national holiday in the United States which (1) …… the bountiful crop harvested by the Pilgrims in 1621 (2) …… winter of starvation It's a day of feasting and giving thanks This (3) …… of celebrating Thanksgiving has continued through the years On November 26th, 1789, President George Washington proclaimed the First National Thanksgiving Day In 1863 President Lincoln revived the custom Since then each president has (4) …… a Thanksgiving Day proclamation, usually designating the fourth Thursday of November (5) …… the holiday a organizes b memorizes c celebrates d marks a as b for c with d after a custom b habit c experience d work a published b issued c gave d produced a as b like c of d for The relationship between students and teachers is (1) …… formal in the USA than in many other countries, especially at the college level American college students not stand up when their teacher enters the room Students are generally encouraged to ask questions in class, to stop in the professors of lice for extra help, and to phone if they are absent and need a(n) (2) …… Most teachers allow students to enter class late or leave early, if necessary Despite the lack of formality, students are still expected to be polite to their teacher and fellow classmates When students want to ask questions, they usually (3) …… a hand and wait to be called on When the teacher or a student is speaking to the class, it is rude to begin whispering (4) …… another classmate When a test is being given, talking to' a classmate is not only rude but also risky Most American teachers consider that students who are talking to each other (5) …… a test are cheating a much b most c a little d less a assignment b homework c information d housework a raise b hold c hang d rise a with b for c to d at a at b during c.by d for Something funny happened when a middle aged woman was taken to a hospital on Monday It helped a group of scientists to discover why people laugh It seems that different types of laughing are “all is well” signals which tell others when a (1) …… or confusing situation is safe.The woman arrived at an Indian hospital with a head (2) …… which appeared to give her straight reaction to pain Every time a doctor stuck a pin in her hand, she laughed 13 uncontrollably According to Dr Ramachandran, neuroscientist at the University of California at San Diego, the region of her (3) …… involved in sending messages about pain has been (4) …… Part of it was saying “Look, that hurts” while the other part was saying “There’s no problem!” As a result, the brain sent out an OK signal and she started laughing There’s no other (5) …… that makes sense a threatening b damaging c bullying d humorous a disease b pain c injury d cure a mind b head c intellect d brain a divided b disconnected c linked d cut off a theory b method c science d guess When you first apply for a job, you (1) …… not succeed in getting it It’s always a good (2) …… to ask them to explain to you what prevented from beating the other candidates Don’t complain about the situation, but ask them to advise you (3) …… what you can better next time Perhaps the interviewer disapproved of or disagreed with something you said Perhaps they just glanced at your application and saw something that made it easy to choose between you and another candidate Don’t regard it as a failure, but recognize it as a chance to learn more (4) …… you don’t worry too much about it and continue to believe in yourself, you’ll (5) …… find the chance you’ve been waiting for Then, your family and friends will be able to congratulate you on your success! a would b might c won’t d must a means b opinion c idea d method a about b of c over d in a as far as b by far c so far d as long as a in the end b lastly c at last d eventually Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions This morning, they asked (A) me what (B) was happening (C) the previous night, but I was unable to tell (D) them Though (A) her severe (B) pain, she tried to walk (C) to the auditorium to attend (D) the lecture Joyce thanked us to invite (A) them to dinner (B) and said that they wanted (C) to have us over for dinner (D) the next week I decided (A) to stay (B) at home last night I would have gone (C) out if I weren’t (D) so 14 tired A new bridge is being built (A) across (B) the river and it says (C) that it will be called (D) New Gate Children enjoy to tell and listening (A) to ghost stories, (B)especially (C) on Halloween night (D) If you can’t (A) remember his (B) number, you ’d (C)better to look (D) it up When I arrived at (A)the station, John has (B) been waiting (C)for me for (D)an hour They are talking with (A)Lan, who’s (B) house is next (C)to mine (D) 10 The farmer had to (A)work hardly (B) in (C)the garden all day (D) Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions The quest for sustainable sources of energy has led human to study the energy potential of the sun and the wind, as well as the immerse power created by dammed rivers The oceans, too, represent an impressive source of potential energy For example, it has been estimated that the oceans could provide nearly 3,000 times the energy generated by hydroelectric dams such as the Hoover Dam Yet, this source remains quite difficult to exploit But this challenge has not prevented scientists from trying Within the last few decades, several technologies that can transform the ocean’s immense forces into usable electricity have been invented and introduced Some focus on capturing the power of the changing tides, while others rely on thermal energy created by oceans in certain tropical regions However, the most common and easiest-to-develop technologies and those designed to harness the power inherent in the ocean’s waves There are several methods by which ocean-wave energy can be collected All of them work because the movement of the water induce creates storable energy by directly or indirectly driving a power generator In one such technology, the changing water levels in the ocean that are produced by waves lift a long floating tube comprised of many sections connected by hinges As the sections move up and down with the water, they pump a special fluid through the tube that can be used to drive a generator Another technique works on a similar principle, only the floating object rocks back and forth with the motion of water instead of up and down A third method of collecting wave energy relies on the rising water from the waves to compress air in a partially submerged chamber As the waves rush into the chamber, they push the air out through a narrow tunnel Located inside this tunnel is a turbine connected to a power generator The movement of the air turns the turbine, which feeds energy into the generator The drawback of each of these concepts is that they make it necessary to have many pieces of machinery linked together This presents a problem because the larger the device, the 15 more vulnerable it is to damage from hazardous ocean environments, and the more likely it is to interfere with otherwise unspoiled coastal scenery Also, these methods demand the construction of site–specific machines that take into consideration average local wave heights and sea conditions In other words, the ability to get power from waves differs from region to region In many cases, a lack of government funding has inhibited the technologies from advancing For example, despite the relative abundance of proposed wave-power devices, many have not been adequately tested and most have been evaluated only in artificial pools where they are not subjected to the harsh marine conditions that exist in actual oceans The phrase “this source” in the first passage refers to …… a sun b wind c dammed rivers d oceans The word “exploit” in the first passage is closest in meaning to …… a utilize b declare c contain d determine Why does the author mention “The Hoover Dam” in paragraph 1? a to give a current example of ocean-based energy technology b to explain that dams are effective producers of sustainable energy c to draw a comparison between two sources of renewable energy d to show that alternative energy sources have not been successful In the paragraph, the author states that …… a waves not represent the only form of ocean power b tropical oceans produce the greatest amount of energy c scientists first attempted to collect power from ocean tides d most of the electricity created by oceans is not usable The word “others” in the second paragraph refers to …… a The challenges of generating energy b The technologies of producing electricity from the ocean forces c The ways of capturing the power of the changing tides d The technology of exploiting thermal energy According to paragraph 3, which of the following is TRUE about wave-power technologies? a Many of them use submerged objects to obtain the waves’ energy b Compressed air must be presented for them to work properly c They undertake three steps in order to collect wave power d They rely on the water’s motion to create electricity All of these problems associated with the collection of wave energy EXCEPT…… a The difficulty of finding feasible locations b The destructive power of the ocean c The size of the equipment involved 16 d The constant changing of the tides What can be inferred from the last paragraph about government? a They not believe wave-energy devices can withstand ocean forces b Their interests often conflict with those of the energy industries c They demand much scientific research before they provide funding d Their support is often essential to the success of new endeavors Millions of people are using cell phones today In many places, it is actually considered unusual not to use one In many countries, cell phones are very popular with young people They find that the phones are more than a means of communication – having a mobile phone shows that they are cool and connected The explosion in mobile phone use around the world has made some health professionals worried Some doctors are concerned that in the future many people may suffer health problems from the use of mobile phones In England, there has been a serious debate about this issue Mobile phone companies are worried about the negative publicity of such ideas They say that there is no proof that mobile phones are bad for your health On the other hand, medical studies have shown changes in the brain cells of some people who use mobile phones Signs of change in the tissues of the brain and head can be detected with modern scanning equipment In one case, a travelling salesman had to retire at young age because of serious memory loss He couldn’t remember even simple tasks He would often forget the name of his own son This man had to talk on his mobile phone for about six hours a day, every day of his working week, for a couple of years His family doctor blamed his mobile phone use, but his employer’s doctor didn’t agree What is it that makes mobile phones potentially harmful? The answer is radiation High-tech machines can detect very small amounts of radiation from mobile phones Mobile phone companies agree that theories some radiation, but they say the amount is too small to worry about As the discussion about their safety continues it appears that it’s best to use mobile phones less often Use your regular phone if you want to talk a long time Use your mobile phone only when you really need it Mobile phones can be very useful and convenient, especially in emergencies In the future, mobile phones may have a warning label that says they are bad for your health So for now, it’s wise not to use your mobile phone too often According to the passage, cell phones are especially popular with young people because …… a they are indispensable in everyday communication b they make them look more stylist 17 c they keep the users alert all the time d they cannot be replace by regular phones The word “means” in the passage most closely means …… a meanings b method c expression d transmission The word “potentially” in the passage most likely means …… a obviously b possibly c certainly d privately The expression “negative publicity” in the passage most likely means …… a information on the lethal effects of cell phones b widespread opinion about bad effects of cell phones c the negative public use of cell phones d poor ideas about the effects of cell phones The man mentioned in the passage, who used his cell phone too often, …… a suffered serious loss of mental ability b could no longer think lucidly c abandoned his family d had a problem with memory According to the passage, what makes mobile phones potentially harmful is …… a their radiant light b their power of attraction c their raiding power d their invisible rays According to the writer, people should …… a only use mobile phones in urgent cases b only use mobile phones in medical emergencies c keep off mobile phones regularly d never use mobile phones in all cases The most suitable title for the passage could be …… a “THE REASON WHY MOBILE PHONES ARE POPULAR” b “TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS AND THEIR PRICE” c “THE WAY MOBILE PHONES WORK” d “MOBILE PHONES: A MUST OF OUR TIME’ An air pollutant is defined as a compound added directly or indirectly by humans to the atmosphere in such quantities as to affect humans, animals, vegetation, or materials adversely Air pollution requires a very flexible definition that permits continuous change When the first air pollution laws were established in England in the fourteenth century, air pollutants were limited to compounds that could be seen or smelled - a far cry from the extensive list of harmful substances known today As technology has developed and knowledge of the health aspects of various chemicals has increased, the list of air pollutants has lengthened In the future, even water vapor might be considered an air pollutant under certain conditions 18 Many of the more important air pollutants, such as sulfur oxides, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxides, are found in nature As the Earth developed, the concentration of these pollutants was altered by various chemical reactions; they became components in biogeochemical cycles These serve as an air purification scheme by allowing the compounds to move from the air to the water or soil On a global basis, nature's output of these compounds dwarfs that resulting from human activities However, human production usually occurs in a localized area, such as a city In such a region, human output may be dominant and may temporarily overload the natural purification scheme of the cycles The result is an increased concentration of noxious chemicals in the air The concentrations at which the adverse effects appear will be greater than the concentrations that the pollutants would have in the absence of human activities The actual concentration need not be large for a substance to be a pollutant; in fact, the numerical value tells us little until we know how much of an increase this represents over the concentration that would occur naturally in the area For example, sulfur dioxide has detectable health effects at 0.08 parts per million (ppm), which is about 400 times its natural level Carbon monoxide, however, has a natural level of 0.1 ppm and is not usually a pollutant until its level reaches about 15 ppm What does the passage mainly discuss? a What constitutes an air pollutant b The economic impact of air pollution c How much harm air pollutants can cause d The effects of compounds added to the atmosphere The word "adversely" in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to …… a admittedly b quickly c considerably d negatively It can be inferred from the first paragraph that …… a water vapor is an air pollutant in localized areas b the definition of air pollution will continue to change c most air pollutants today can be seen or smelled d a substance becomes an air pollutant only in cities The word "These" in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to_ a the components in biogeochemical cycles b the various chemical reactions c the pollutants from the developing earth d the compounds moved to the water For which of the following reasons can natural pollutants play an important role in controlling air pollution? a they function as part of a purification process 19 b they occur in greater quantities than other pollutants c they have existed since the earth developed d they are less harmful to living beings than other pollutants The word "detectable" in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to …… a beneficial b special c measurable d separable Which of the following is best supported by the passage? a Human activities have been effective in reducing air pollution b Scientists should be consulted in order to establish uniform limits for all air pollutants c One of the most important steps in preserving natural lands is to better enforce air pollution laws d To effectively control pollution, local government should regularly review their air pollution laws Telecommunicating is a form of computer communication between employees’ homes and offices For employees whose jobs involve sitting at a terminal or word processor entering data or typing reports, the location of the computer is of no consequence If the machine can communicate over telephone lines, when the work is completed, employees can dial the office computer from a distant site and transmit the material to their employers A recent survey in USA Today estimates that there are approximately 8.7 million telecommuters But although the numbers are rising annually, the trend does not appear to be as significant as predicted when Business Week published "The Portable Executive" as its cover story a few years ago Why hasn't telecommuting become more popular? Clearly, change simply takes time But in addition, there has been active resistance on the part of many managers These executives claim that supervising the telecommuters in a large work force scattered across the country would be too difficult, or, at least, systems for managing them are not yet developed, thereby complicating the manager's responsibilities It is also true that employees who are given the option of telecommuting are often reluctant to accept the opportunity Most people feel that they need regular interaction with a group, and many are concerned that they will not have the same consideration for advancement if they are not more visible in the office setting Some people feel that even when a space in their homes is set aside as a work area, they never really get away from the office (http://www.slideshare.net/phamnhakb/english-test-12-th-grade-109) The author mentions all of the following as concerns of telecommuters EXCEPT …… a the lack of interaction with a group b the different system of supervision c the fact that the work space is in the home d the opportunities for advancement 20 How many American workers are involved in telecommuting? a more than million b more than predicted in business week c fewer than estimated in usa today d fewer than last year It can be inferred from the passage that the author is …… a the manager of a group of telecommuters b a reporter c a telecommuter d a statistician The word "resistance" could best be replaced by …… a participation b consideration c opposition d alteration Which of the following is the main topic of the passage? a a definition of telecommuting b the advantages of telecommuting c an overview of telecommuting d the failure of telecommuting When Business Week published “The Portable Executive”, it implied that …… a systems for managing telecommuters were not effective b there was resistance on the part of many managers about telecommuting c the trend for telecommuting was optimistic d most telecommuters were satisfied with their work The reason why telecommuting has not become popular is that the employees …… a need regular interaction with their families b are worried about the promotion if they are not seen at the office c feel that a work area in their home is away from the office d are ignorant of telecommuting Since water is the basis of life, composing the greater part of the tissues of all living things, the crucial problem of desert animals is to survive in a world where sources of flowing water are rare And since man’s inexorable necessity is to absorb large quantities of water at frequent intervals, he can scarcely comprehend that many creatures of the desert pass their entire lives without a single drop Uncompromising as it is, the desert has not eliminated life but only those forms unable to withstand its desiccating effects No moist-skinned, water-loving animals can exist there Few large animals are found The giants of the North American desert are the deer, the coyote, and the bobcat Since desert country is open, it holds more swift-footed running and leaping creatures than the tangled forest Its population is largely nocturnal, silent, filled with reticence, and ruled by stealth Yet they are not emaciated Having adapted to their austere environment, they are as healthy as animals anywhere else in the word The secret of their adjustment lies in the combination of behavior and physiology None could 21 survive if, like mad dogs and Englishmen, they went out in the midday sun; many would die in a matter of minutes So most of them pass the burning hours asleep in cool, humid burrows underneath the ground, emerging to hunt only by night The surface of the sun-baked desert averages around 150 degrees, but 18 inches down the temperature is only 60 degrees The title for this passage could be …… a “Desert plants” b “Life underground” c “Animal life in a desert environment” d “Man’s life in a desert environment” Man can hardly understand why many animals live their whole life in the desert, as …… a sources of flowing water are rare in a desert b water is an essential part of his existence c water composes the greater part of the tissues of living things d very few large animals are found in the desert The phrase “those forms” in the passage refers to all of the following EXCEPT …… a water – loving animals b the coyote and the bobcat c moist – skinned animals d many large animals According to the passage, creatures in the desert …… a are smaller and fleeter than forest animals b live in an accommodating environment c are more active during the day than those in the tangled forest d are not as healthy as these anywhere else in the world The author mentions all the following as examples of the behavior of desert animals EXCEPT …… a they sleep during the day b they dig home underground c they are noisy and aggressive d they are watchful and quiet The word “emaciated” in the passage mostly means …… a wild b cunning c unmanageable d unhealthy c water d minutes The word “them” means …… a animals b people We can infer from the passage that …… a living things adjust to their environment b water is the basis of desert life c desert life is colorful and diverse d healthy animals live longer lives 22 ... they never really get away from the office (http://www.slideshare.net/phamnhakb/english-test -1 2 -th-grade -1 0 9) The author mentions all of the following as concerns of telecommuters EXCEPT …… a... d x / for being 13 So many …… people applied for the position that we won’t be able to make a decision for weeks a well-qualified b well-behaved c well-known d well-mannered 14 …… you work harder,... project d generally 10 a secret b behave c relationship d allow 11 a sacrifice b significant c precede ` d contractual 12 a informality b regulation c impolite d discourtesy 13 a tertiary b daunting