The overall objective of the thesis is to Analyze and develop an analytical framework and a set of criteria for sustainable development of the handicraft industry in Vietnam and apply it to research and evaluation. Typical handicrafts of bamboo and rattan handicrafts. At the same time, the dissertation clarifies the effectiveness of the regulatory role of the state affecting the cohesion of socio-economic pillars – environment with each stage of input – production – output of the handicraft industry.
1 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING ECONOMIC UNIVERSITY AT HCMC \[ LÊ VĂN CÀNH SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF VIETNAM 'S RATTAN AND BAMBOO HANDICRAFTS IN INTERNATIONAL INTERGRATION Major: Political Economics Code: 9310102 SUMMARY OF DISSERTATION DOCTOR OF ECONOMICS HOCHIMINH CITY, July 2019 PREAMBLE REASONS FOR CHOOSING THE THESIS Handicraft products in which bamboo and rattan products are a very special industry, capable of recognizing the era, reflecting the development of a nation Therefore, rattan and bamboo handicrafts have both economic value and cultural and spiritual values Promoting the export of handicraft and bamboo and rattan handicrafts not only brings foreign currency to the exporting country but also serves as a bridge to introduce and exchange culture of this ethnic group with other peoples in the world Developing handicrafts and bamboo and rattan products in rural areas not only contributes to local budgets but also brings income to people in the region, contributing to create jobs and promote the process agricultural labor shift In Vietnam, the village of bamboo and rattan making accounts for 24% of the total handicraft villages The sector of handicraft and bamboo and rattan handicrafts operates under a processing mechanism, using the main seasonal labor, so it is possible to mobilize a lot of labor for certain orders Training costs are usually small and time-consuming, so creating a job in the handicraft industry is not as expensive as in other industries In the labor structure working at enterprises, according to the survey, there are up to 71.39% of laborers mobilized on the spot; 24.11% from neighboring communes and only 4.5% from other districts Many businesses, although operating at the household level, have paid a tax rate of over VND 10 million per household to the local budget In addition, business establishments also make major contributions to the construction of rural infrastructure (roads, health stations, schools…) This is the advantage of handicraft industry and bamboo and rattan products However, its development is not sustainable because the reverse side of producing handicraft and rattan products will greatly affect the ecosystem and environmental pollution If not well managed, the development of handicraft and bamboo and rattan handicrafts will have negative impacts on the economy and society The 11th Party Congress also defined the socio-economic development strategy for 2011-2020 as "The strategy continues to promote industrialization, modernization and rapid and sustainable development; promoting the strength of the whole nation, building our country to become a socialist-oriented industrialized country” In particular, the view of rapid development associated with sustainable development is a requirement throughout This view has also been reiterated at the 12th Party Congress and towards the United Nations' sustainable development goals by 2030 From the current situation and the requirement of rapid development associated with sustainable development, the author decided to choose the topic: "Sustainable development of Vietnam's rattan and bamboo handicrafts in international integration" as a dissertation doctor of Political Economics OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH WORKS RELATED TO THE THESIS i Overseas research projects Research "Greening Value Chains for Sustainable Handicrafts Production in Vietnam" by United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), 2013 and Research "Sustainable development and climate change in Vietnam: data and fertilizers data ”by Koos Neefjes, Climate Change Policy Advisor, UNDP Vietnam, March 15, 2012 mentioned three key issues that the Vietnamese handicraft industry needs to refer to in the process of delivering developing the industry in a sustainable way: (i) Introducing the green value chain for sustainable production of Vietnamese handicrafts starting from the collection of materials, processing, production, transport and export password (ii) It is proposed to protect, harvest and use rattan, bamboo and rush materials in the nature in a sustainable way to ensure the handicraft and fine arts industries in the present and for future generations (iii) Developing a strategy to combine the exploitation of human resources, cultural resources, and creativity to create sustainable development for Vietnamese handicraft goods The work: "An introduction to sustainable development" by Jennifer A Elliott introducing sustainable development; The Sustainability Report 2010, 2, 3309-3322 contains the article: "Towards Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment" by author Matthias Finkbeiner, Erwin M.Schau, Annekatrin Lehmann and Marzia Traverso, under the Technische Universitat Berlin sustainable development, currently accepted by stakeholders as the guiding principle for both national policy and strategic planning ”and the“ Do Global Attitudes and behaviors support development development? ”Environment, Vol.47, No.9, November 2005, P.22-38 Does global attitudes and behavior support sustainable development? Anthony A Leisrowttz, Robert W Kates and Thomas M Parris and the Journal "Journal of Environmental Management" No 73 (2004) 357371, contains the article "Sustainability indicator system and policy processes in Malaysia: a framework for utilizing and learning "of AA Hezri belongs to the Center for Research Resources and Environment (CRES), Institute of Advanced Studies, National University of Australia These articles confirm that the limitations in implementing national sustainable development measures are due to four main causes: (i) policy issues, (ii) technical capacity, (iii) ) communication concerns and (iv) knowledge gaps inherent in the community when faced with their theoretical limitations The authors of the articles suggest that such restrictions will be encountered in many countries around the world ii Domestic research projects a Studies on the production, business and export situation of Vietnam's handicraft industry Article "Nam Bo (Southern) pottery – tradition and problems in the process of integration, sustainable development", Science and Technology Development Magazine, 2013, Phi Ngoc Tuyen affirmed to create sustainable development in the future, it is necessary to maintain and promote the cultural value of Vietnam, to transfer the unique culture of Vietnam to the world through Nam Bo pottery Article "Solutions for sustainable development of traditional craft villages in Vietnam for tourism", Scientific Journal, in 2012, Pham Xuan Hau and Trinh Van Anh raised the advantage of Vietnam with more than 54 ethnic groups residing all over the territories, therefore, when investing and exploiting strongly and rationally, it will contribute to increasing the local national economic income, making the rural economic restructuring, improving the quality of people's lives Workers live in craft villages The study "The project of developing handicraft export in the period of 2011-2015" of Vietnam Rural Industry Research and Development Institute has analyzed clearly that Vietnam's handicraft industry is facing a lot Difficulties from which to build specific objectives to improve export capacity of handicraft goods need to have a feasible strategy to update with specific directions to meet the new situation to improve capacity competition and export value of the sector in a sustainable way Research "Trademark of Vietnamese traditional handicrafts" by Assoc Nguyen Huu Khai, MSc Dao Ngoc Tien, 2006, indicates the purpose of the project to equip some basic knowledge of branding; affirming Vietnam's economic, cultural and national pride; At the same time, it proposed a construction roadmap and some solutions for all levels to build and manage the brand for Vietnamese handicrafts Research "Building and developing the model of eco-tourism villages in a number of northern northern delta provinces", a ministerial-level scientific project of the Ministry of Education and Training, led by Prof.Dr Hoang Van Chau is the editor, Hanoi, in 2006 highlighted the scale, potential and necessity to build a model to develop craft villages to combine tourism to contribute to sustainable economic development in some provinces in the North Research "Market development for handicraft and cottage villages in the Red River Delta in the current period" Ministry-level scientific topic of Ho Chi Minh National Political Academy, led by Prof Dr Chairman Tran Van Chu, Hanoi, in 2005 highlighted the development direction and solutions to expand the market for handicraft villages in the Red River Delta towards industrialization and modernization of the country Research on "Some solutions to promote the export of Vietnamese fine-art ceramics", the ministerial-level scientific research project and the project manager Doan Thi Hong Van, in 2004 affirmed that there must be solutions on guidelines, policies and laws on the exploitation and use of a scientific way of raw materials, technology, investment capital for production and problems market, environment and consumption, skill level of workers to boost export of Vietnamese fine art ceramics in the future b Studies on handicrafts, traditional occupations and environmental issues are closely associated with handicraft industry The authors in the study "Indicators for sustainable development", Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference of Vietnam, Le Trinh Hai, Pham Hoang Hai, Nguyen Truong Khoa, Luc Hens; Research "Vietnam craft villages and environment" by Assoc Dr Dang Kim Chi, Editor-inChief of Science and Technology Publishing House, Hanoi in 2005 and Research on "Environmental Management for Sustainable Development", in 2000, performed by Luu Duc Hai and his colleagues presented How to choose key indicators for sustainable development focuses primarily on environmental and health aspects Economic doctoral thesis "Sustainable development of traditional craft villages in the Northern key economic region", in 2010, Bach Thi Lan Anh concluded that the sustainable development of traditional craft villages must ensure the combination of broadcast contents, sustainable development with economy and society Article "Promoting Vietnamese intellectual resources for sustainable development", Science Magazine, in 2010, Hoang Van Luan mentioned the issue of Vietnam wants sustainable development to innovate and promote education self-respect of the nation, determine the philosophy for education, vigorously innovate the management of science and technology, perfect and strictly implement the law on protection of intellectual property The doctoral thesis "Sustainable economic development in Vietnam", in 2007, proposed by Nguyen So Huu strengthen the restructuring of the economic sector in the integration process, Vietnam needs to optimize the institutional economic policy and external economic development Project: "Study of craft industry development planning in the direction of industrialization in Vietnam rural areas" by Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Hanoi, year 2002 The elaborate research of the topic is the overall planning and development of rural industries in Vietnam Research "Building criteria for sustainable development at the national level in Vietnam – Phase I", in 2003 by the Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Vietnam Union of Science and Technology Associations conducted the works The author has summarized the system of criteria for assessing the sustainable development of a country, and also proposed a number of options for selecting specific sustainable development criteria suitable for Vietnam to guide the development economic development Study "Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) with sustainable development in the Red River Delta", Dr Nguyen Thi Thanh Mai, 2016 The author has a proposal drawn from the research results of the thesis is new solutions and drastic measures to attract and use FDI so that FDI contributes more to sustainable development of the Red River Delta region by 2010 and vision to 2030 c Studies on sustainable development of sector Research "Factors affecting sustainable development of Bac Lieu seafood enterprises", Dr Phan Van Dan's topic, 2016 Results of theoretical research on the factors affecting sustainable development the enterprise has used factors including elements within the enterprise (Workforce; Managers/owners; Product responsibilities; Prevention of environmental pollution) and external factors Industry (Customers; Market trends; related parties' needs; State support policies; Social security) impact on sustainable development of fisheries enterprises Research "Sustainable development of seafood processing industry in Ben Tre province", Dr Nguyen Van Hieu's topic, 2014 The study results of the author discover the interaction between the pillars of sustainable development for the industry of vietnam seafood processing and application of accreditation for the typical case of Ben Tre province, thereby suggesting policies to help the provincial government regulate the activities of the sector to be sustainable iii Comment on the research works related to the thesis and the research gaps In general, the works have studied the areas of sustainable development, sustainable development of traditional craft villages and access under different angles both in theory and practice to develop handicraft industry and fine art, but the above works still have gaps Therefore, the research task of the thesis is to clarify the main functions: (i) Assess the situation of the industry development process according to sustainable criteria and deploy the application of sustainable development perspective into practice bamboo and rattan handicrafts and handicrafts in recent years (ii) In the current stage of economic integration, finding the right direction and solutions to contribute to creating a new driving force for the sustainable development of handicrafts of bamboo and rattan handicrafts is essential and practical meaning (iii) Derived from practical requirements and to contribute to theoretical gaps, the thesis has formed a research idea, with the main objective of building an analytical framework and experimental model sustainable development of rattan and bamboo handicrafts In particular, the author particularly cares about the institutional role in coordinating harmonious development between the pillars constituting the sustainable development of Vietnam's rattan and bamboo export sector The study will focus on analyzing and clarifying the hypotheses about the relationship between the regulatory role of the Government and the factors that constitute the sustainable development of each socio–economic–operative environment move to the handicraft industry OBJECTIVES AND RESEARCH QUESTIONS i Objectives of the study The overall objective of the thesis is to (i) Analyze and develop an analytical framework and a set of criteria for sustainable development of the handicraft industry in Vietnam and apply it to research and evaluation Typical handicrafts of bamboo and rattan handicrafts (ii) At the same time, the dissertation clarifies the effectiveness of the regulatory role of the state affecting the cohesion of socio-economic pillars – environment with each stage of input – production – output of the handicraft industry The specific objectives of the thesis include: - Firstly, apply the theory of sustainable development theory model of national sustainable development theory, industry sustainable development theory model to assess the process of developing handicraft industry in Vietnam in a sustainable way; - Secondly, to build an analytical framework and a model of sustainable development for handicraft and rattan and bamboo handicraft industries on the basis of analyzing the correlation between economic – social – environmental pillars in Vietnam; - Thirdly, analyzing the criteria in the factors affecting the cohesion of economic – social – environmental pillars with each stage of input – production – output of handicraft industry bamboo and rattan leaves; - Fourthly, discuss the methods, objectives and suggestions of the state's regulatory policies to support industry participants such as businesses, industry associations, supply organizations, production and business households sustainably develop handicraft and rattan and bamboo handicrafts in Vietnam ii Research question In order to achieve the set objectives, the thesis needs to clarify the following questions: Firstly, the related studies have mentioned what contents of sustainable development in general and sustainable development of rattan and bamboo handicrafts in particular along with the international integration of this item? Where is the space for the thesis to study the specific content of this field? Secondly, theoretical basis for the study of sustainable development and international integration of the handicraft industry and bamboo and rattan products? Specifically: - Which aspects of the theory of sustainable development, the national model of sustainable development theory, should be considered to assess the sustainability of handicraft industry development of Vietnamese art? - Clarify key factors affecting the development of a sustainable analytical framework for rattan and bamboo handicrafts? - In fact, we want to assess the specific sustainability of each sector? Thirdly, what is the method of researching sustainable development issues and international integration of handicraft and bamboo and rattan products? Fourthly, what is the situation of sustainable development and international integration of the handicraft industry and bamboo and rattan products recently? Specifically: - Applying the criteria of the factors in the analytical framework to assess the aspect of expressing sustainability on each economic - social - environmental pillar with each stage of input - production - output how much has bamboo and rattan handicraft products achieved recently? - Through the criteria of institutional factors to clarify the role of the State to regulate the handicraft and rattan products in the integration period? Fifthly, what are the main solutions to the sustainable development of handicrafts and bamboo and rattan products to meet the requirements of international integration in the coming time? Specifically: - Local government/government needs to plan policies to promote sustainable rattan and bamboo handicrafts? - The units that cultivate materials–production–export should pay attention to the objectives and implement what measures to operate more sustainably? Clarifying these questions is the task of the thesis OBJECT AND SCOPE OF RESEARCH i Research objects - Object to study: Actual situation of input – production activities – output of handicraft and fine arts products, specifically rattan and bamboo products of Vietnam - Content of research issues: Theoretical and practical issues affect the assessment of the development of handicraft and bamboo and rattan handicrafts in Vietnam in view of sustainable development - Participants in the bamboo and rattan handicraft industry include: farmers/farmers; processing facilities/processing enterprises, export processing enterprises and the Government/local authorities play a role in regulating the activities of Vietnam's handicraft industry in general and rattan and bamboo products in particular ii Research scope - This thesis mainly studies sustainable development at the level of handicraft industry and research field is Vietnamese rattan and bamboo handicrafts - Research period: During the period of opening and international economic integration MEANING OF THE THESIS i Academically - In the past there were many studies on sustainable development at different levels and mainly addressed sustainability on each economic, social, and environmental pillar but at least considered the dependence of these pillars with characteristics of input – production – output stages in the industry and the impact of the government regulatory role on each pillar of sustainable development of rattan and bamboo handicrafts Therefore, the research results of the thesis hope to contribute to perfecting the theory system as a basis for making suggestions to support sustainable development of Vietnamese rattan and bamboo handicrafts - The method of the thesis approaches the sustainable concept of three economic, social and environmental pillars Each aspect of the three pillars is reviewed and evaluated together with the construction of hypotheses about the regulatory role of the Government in each stage of the operation process of the mining – production – consumption industry of Vietnamese handicraft and bamboo and rattan handicrafts - Sustainable development is a concept that is mentioned a lot at the national scale, but is limited in the field of research because each industry has its own characteristics The results of verification of analytical framework for sustainable development of handicrafts of bamboo and rattan handicrafts have contributed a part in clarifying the theory of sustainable development and the basis of science for sustainable development research industry in the country 8 ii Practically - If the research objectives are met and the research question is answered, the research results prove to have a close interaction in the chain of input–production activities–output with pillars, economic–social–environment constitutes the sustainable development of rattan and bamboo handicrafts, the thesis contributes to a deeper and more fully aware of the sustainable development of handicraft industry and goods Bamboo and rattan leaves in the context of international integration today On that basis, it understands the capabilities and advantages as well as the limitations of arising of the industry and this item - The thesis proves the state management agencies from central to local levels play an important role, controlling the sustainable development of the handicraft industry through the use of policy instruments to regulate the activities of the industry Thereby, the solution groups proposed by the dissertation can be small contributions to the policy making for sustainable development of the handicraft industry and bamboo and rattan products in the context of increasing international integration and compatibility real with the current Vietnamese and international context - Thereby, the result of building measurement targets contributing to a supplement to the scientific foundation for the Government agency to study the construction and adjustment of the monitoring set of indicators to assess the sustainable development of Vietnam's handicraft and bamboo and rattan products THESIS LAYOUT In addition to the introduction, conclusion, table of contents, lists of abbreviations, lists of figures, tables, research works of the author related to the thesis, the list of references and the Appendix The thesis is arranged according to the following chapters: Chapter 1: SCIENTIFIC BASIS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF VIETNAMESE RATTAN AND BAMBOO HANDICRAFTS IN INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION Chapter 2: RESEARCH METHODS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF VIETNAM'S RATTAN AND BAMBOO HANDICRAFT INDUSTRY IN INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION Chapter 3: THE REALITY OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF VIETNAM'S RATTAN AND BAMBOO HANDICRAFT INDUSTRY IN INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION Chapter 4: ORIENTATIONS, GOALS AND SOLUTIONS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF VIETNAM'S RATTAN AND BAMBOO HANDICRAFTS IN INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION Chapter SCIENTIFIC BASIS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF VIETNAMESE RATTAN AND BAMBOO HANDICRAFTS IN INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION 1.1 BASIC THEORETICAL ISSUES ON POLITICAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS – SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 1.1.1 Sustainable development - From a political and economic perspective 1.1.1.1 Development and development science – a precursor to sustainable development science: scientists have found that to be able to cope with socio-economic problems in less developed countries requires a combination of of many sciences creates interdisciplinary cohesion in the development of scientific development itself and so development science is increasingly interdisciplinary 1.1.1.2 Development and intervention in sustainable development: All interventions or orientations for social change are placed in the context of politics and specific social circumstances, but society is always active and influential that of social actors has contributed to that social transformation So the question is how much of these interventions need to be, quantify these contributions? In addition, social changes are also affected by foreign factors Therefore, current school development studies all kinds of human, financial and material resources; barriers of the nature or structure; development strategies in different political, cultural and social settings 1.1.2 Sustainable development–From a contemporary philosophy perspective 1.1.2.1 Innovation – integration – modernization – Sustainable development – logic of contemporary history and prospects of Vietnam: dominant and dominant relations are dialectics between globalization, integration and sustainable development Globalization and integration are KT categories but today are out of KT into a common category for both culture and society Today it has become a new category of social philosophy - development philosophy, because it reflects common relationships and creates major contradictions of the times, meaning epistemological and certain gender so on 1.1.2.2 The development logic of contemporary Vietnamese history: To compete and cooperate must be real Besides, cooperation or competition is the process of creating new positions and forces Failure to implement the dialectic process creates that force, there is no development, even if it starts to grow Without creating a new position and force, growth will lose its development significance Not creating a new position and force will not have sustainable development 1.1.3 The inevitability of sustainable development 1.1.3.1 Inheritance from scientific development of sustainable development: Science development, precursor of sustainable development has its own characteristics but has many aspects related to other sciences The characteristics of the development process include: dynamism, history, generality, relativity and time, culture 1.1.3.2 Transforming fundamental foundations in sustainable development science 1.2 THEORIES AND MODELS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 1.2.1 Concepts and theories of sustainable development 1.2.1.1 Concept: “Sustainable development is a process of resource-based economic development that is recreated on the basis of respect for basic ecological processes, biodiversity and natural support systems for life of people, animals, plants” 1.2.1.2 The theory of sustainable development of the manufacturing industry: The manufacturing industry has many stages: starting from exploration, search, exploitation and processing of raw materials, product production, consumption and finally handling of products like intermediate transport jobs In each stage, energy and other resources are used, and waste and discharge of toxic substances are generated Therefore, when researching the sustainable development of a manufacturing industry, three related areas of action must be considered, 10 including: resource conservation, product design and waste disposal In a production and use cycle, these three areas must ensure the rules and targets of sustainable economics (Rogall, 2008) 1.2.2 Models of sustainable development There are many research projects on sustainable development Research project: "Towards a sustainable environment" of the Center for Natural Resources and Environment; Research project "Building criteria for sustainable development at the national level in Vietnam" of Vietnam Union of Science and Technology Associations Along with models of sustainable development as model of WCED "Similarities" multidisciplinary, economic, political, administrative, technological, international, production and social activities (1987); the "intersection of economic, social, environmental" models of JACOBS and SADLER (1990); model of VILLEN "Inter-economic, social and ecological systems" (1990); The model "3 economic, social and environmental target groups" of the world bank (WB) has been increasingly innovated and improved 1.3 THEORETICAL BASIS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF RATTAN AND BAMBOO HANDICRAFTS INDUSTRY 1.3.1 Characteristics of handicraft industry The model of the value chain operation of the handicraft industry is similar and illustrated in the following diagram VIET NAM Imported raw materials Material supply area Craft villages Commune Commune Village Manufa cturer and opera -tor Raw material collector Raw material trader Transporter (road/ waterway) Village Raw material trader Crafts manufac -turer (house -hold) Enter -prises Crafts and collectors businesses in craft villages Exporter (outside the trade village) Logistics companies and international shipping companies IMPORT COUNTRY Domestic retailer (Source: The author's research) Thus, the decisive person in the chain of organization of rattan and bamboo products is processing and exporting enterprises They decided to produce what (put the model) and sell it to someone (sign a consumption contract with foreign partners before deploying production in the village centers) and the craft village is the place to complete the final product 1.3.2 Structure of handicraft and bamboo and rattan handicraft industry From the review of the national sustainable development theory, the manufacturing industry and the theory of handicraft industry characteristics to analyze the basic characteristics of Vietnam rattan and bamboo handicraft industry, inherit The results of expert discussion on the formation of measurement criteria and the construction of theoretical models together with the hypotheses about the sustainable development of Vietnam rattan and bamboo handicraft industry, 11 the author establishes the premise for the development of an experimental model for sustainable development of Vietnam's rattan and bamboo handicraft industry needs to identify the structure of the industry from input – production – output Figure 1.14 Operation structure of rattan and bamboo handicraft industry Input operation - Planting - exploiting raw materials, supplying processing materials Manufacturing and processing activities -Preliminary processing -Packing, finished products Output operation - Access to domestic and foreign markets - Consumptions (Source: The author's research) 1.3.3 Position and role of rattan and bamboo handicraft industry in socio-economic development 1.3.3.1 Studying rattan and bamboo handicraft industry under the perspective of Marxist-Leninist theory 1.3.3.2 Position of handicraft and bamboo and rattan handicraft industry 1.3.3.3 The role of handicraft and bamboo and rattan handicraft industry Any industry, its product is made up of labor, labor, and labor tools The products in the handicraft and rattan industry are also the same: the necessary social labor time of the crystallized workers in the goods and the specific labor of the workers, creating the use value of the products The product of the labor process of handicrafts of bamboo and rattan handicrafts is a specific product and its production process is closely related to the process of consuming products, so it cannot be used directly to assess the quality products that must pass the level of effective use value, contribute to improving the environment and customer satisfaction when using 1.4 GENERAL THEORETICAL BASIS OF INTEGRATION 1.4.1 Concept: The concept of international economic integration includes the following key points: - International economic integration is the process of linking each nation's economy and market with regional and world economies - Each country voluntarily participates in regional and global economic institutions/institutions, fulfills its commitment to the organizations that it participates in - Each country must implement economic liberalization, trade, investment and financial liberalization at unilateral, bilateral and multilateral levels 1.4.2 Characteristics First, international economic integration is a high development of international labor division Secondly, international economic integration is an inter-national cooperation between two or more independent, sovereign states in one or more economic-trade agreements Thirdly, regional and bilateral economic integration is seen as a neutral solution between two opposing trends in the world market: the trend of trade liberalization and trade protection Fourth, regional and bilateral economic integration has always been a voluntary 12 and positive action by members to coordinate and adjust economic development programs with reciprocal agreements of member countries 1.4.3 Factors affecting Vietnam's international integration process 1.4.3.1 The trend of increasing trade liberalization and global competition 1.4.3.2 Strengthening protectionist policy with modern trade barriers to export products 1.4.3.3 The impact of the international context on Vietnam's international economic integration process 1.4.4 Vietnam integrates into the world and can only contribute to sustainable development when it becomes an industrialized country 1.4.4.1 Integration but not soluble 1.4.4.2 Integration goals 1.4.4.3 Promoting, improving and using the current human resources and talents contribute to international integration 1.4.5 Impact of international integration on handicraft industry and bamboo and rattan products 1.4.5.1 Effect of rattan and bamboo handicraft industry on the political system: Handicraft and rattan products are a bridge for cultural exchange, diversification and multilateralism, creating friendliness and cooperation among countries The more developed the industry is, the more it strengthens and expands, making the foreign policy more flexible, facilitating the process of strengthening Vietnam's political system The state uses the available rights to devise strategies, plans, plans, and regulatory policies for each stage of the industry in an effective manner, ensuring fair competition in integration process 1.4.5.2 Bamboo and rattan handicraft industry with the impact of international integration: Bamboo and rattan handicraft products in the integration economy aim at international standards of quality of life, service infrastructure, management level and organizational capacity Therefore, integration requires the industry to step by step modernize, systematize and quality If the handicraft and bamboo and rattan handicraft industry is developed, it in turn makes Vietnam's integration more and more in-depth and effective and gradually reduces the development gap Therefore, Vietnam rattan and bamboo handicraft industry in the integration period should focus on sustainable development 1.5 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF RATTAN AND BAMBOO HANDICRAFT INDUSTRY 1.5.1 Factors affecting the sustainable development of rattan and bamboo handicraft industry According to Presscott Allen (1995), the "egg" model reflects the sustainability of society, in the Kain model using intellectual, artifact, institutional and natural elements The sustainable development model of UNCED (1993) & Hodge (1993, 1995) emphasized: economic objectives to increase people's income, to develop economic sectors and GDP, GNP, social objectives satisfy the needs of all people and communities, the environmental goal of long-term balance of ecosystems that nourish life together with referring to the Ministry of Sustainable Monitoring and Evaluation Indicators (Appendix 01), which determine the factors affecting sustainable development of Vietnam's export rattan and bamboo handicrafts including factors: economic, social, environmental, institutional 13 1.5.2 Relationship in industry development and the factors of sustainable development of Vietnamese rattan and bamboo handicrafts 1.5.2.1 Relationship in industry development: Figure 1.15 Relationship in industry development Input operation Quality and quantity of sustainable raw materials Production activities Quality and quantity of sustainable products Output operation Sustainable market demand (Source: The author's research comes from a review of theory and expert discussion) 1.5.2.2 The relationship between the factors of sustainable development of rattan and bamboo handicrafts in Vietnam: that is the relationship between economic factors and society; between economic and environmental factors; between environmental factors and society; and the role of policy affecting the factors of sustainable development 1.6 EXPERIENCE OF SOME COUNTRIES IN THE REGION ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF RATTAN AND BAMBOO HANDICRAFTS Rogall, 2008, when studying sustainable development of a manufacturing industry, three areas: resource conservation, product design and waste disposal must ensure the rules and targets of sustainable economics In many developed countries, thanks to proper awareness and wellequipped knowledge, their sustainable development efforts are often associated with broader concepts Thailand, China and Malaysia are the three countries with large export handicraft and rattan handicrafts in the region and many similarities with Vietnam 1.7 MODEL OF ANALYZING THE PROPOSAL OF THE THESIS ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF VIETNAM'S RATTAN AND BAMBOO HANDICRAFT INDUSTRY Figure 1.16 Analysis model of sustainable development of rattan and bamboo handicraft industry ECONOMICS Input: supply of raw materials for production activities – processing handicrafts Production: Production organization creates products of rattan and bamboo handicrafts Output: ability to consume products and handicrafts of bamboo and rattan handicrafts Opportunities for job creation, stable income, and other welfare for labors The process of emitting outside harmful substances pollutes the environment The result of receiving high quality input materials from the environment ENVIRONMENT Input: From farming activities, raw material exploitation will have a serious impact on the environment Production: Strong impact, polluting the environment from processing activities and giving us finished products of bamboo and rattan handicrafts Output: Impact on the environment from consumer demand, and consumption emissions INSTITUTION AND THE STATE’S MANAGEMENT Provide advantages of natural conditions to grow bamboo and rattan materials and create an optimal source of benefits The state - society has good protection or indiscriminate acts of defoliation to bamboo and rattan resources Provide high quality labor and consumer resources SOCIETY Input: Ability to create jobs, protect income workers in cultivating and exploiting handicraft and rattan products Production: ability to create jobs, income levels of workers, invest in training to develop highly skilled raw materials Output: Satisfying domestic and foreign customers about products and relations between production facilities and population communities, between exporters and importers 14 (Source: The author's research comes from a review of theory and expert discussion) Chapter RESEARCH METHODS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF VIETNAM'S RATTAN AND BAMBOO HANDICRAFT INDUSTRY IN INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION 2.1 Methodology approaches research issues Include the following methods: Materialist dialectical methodology; Method of historical historical materialism; Logical analysis method is consistent with history; Methods of scientific abstraction; Comparison and comparison methods; Methods of analysis and synthesis; Interdisciplinary approach 2.2 Specific research methods In order to carry out the study, the thesis used both methods to be carried out at the same time and the same role is qualitative and quantitative Both are carried out simultaneously but separately in data collection and analysis This combination helps authors to compare and interpret results more clearly than research issues 2.3 Research process The research process has undergone two phases: (i) building measurement targets and empirical research models with the hypothesis of sustainable development of Vietnamese rattan and bamboo handicrafts; (ii) testing the model of sustainable development for Vietnamese rattan and bamboo handicrafts The two research phases are detailed as follows: Stage 1: The study begins with documents from newspapers, magazines and internet information to identify the research contents and research objectives Thereby, the study will also build a research model and preliminary content of scales in the model of sustainable development for Vietnamese rattan and bamboo handicrafts Stage 2: The second stage is done with the following steps: Step 1: Determining the objects and scope of inspection to participate in the operation stages of rattan and bamboo handicrafts, Step 2: Verifying theoretical models by qualitative methods with direct discussion methods to effect adjusting the scale 15 Steps for conducting research P i d1: Stage Building measurement criteria and research model Step 1: Develop measurement criteria The theoretical basis of national sustainable development, handicraft industry and enterprises First qualitative research (n=10) The expected model Scale of sustainable development of rattan and bamboo handicrafts Step 2: Develop hypotheses and research model Second qualitative research (n=10) Stage 2: Verification of research model for a typical case Research model Step 1: Identify the object and scope of the case study Identify objects and scope of testing research models Data collection Step 2: Testing the case study model of Vietnam rattan and bamboo handicrafts Inspection of research model for Vietnamese rattan and bamboo handicrafts Conclusions and policy suggestions (Source: The author's research) Chapter THE REALITY OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF VIETNAM'S RATTAN AND BAMBOO HANDICRAFT INDUSTRY IN INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION 3.1 Overview of production and trade of rattan and bamboo handicrafts of Vietnam 16 3.1.1 Business activities According to the survey, in 100 production establishments, business enterprises have more than 50 enterprises with annual loan-to-equity ratio ranging from 100% to 200%; 30 enterprises have a debt-to-equity ratio of about 40-50% In terms of financial leverage theory, the more loan use, the higher the rate of return on equity This proves that enterprises are facing many difficulties in managing potential sources of capital and risky business activities 3.1.2 About production – processing activities Currently, there are 2,017 trade villages with many types of production such as households, production groups, cooperatives, raw material processing facilities, raw material collectors, including bamboo and rattan trade villages Knitting has the largest number with 725 units, accounting for over 24% of the total number of villages across the country In terms of production subjects, currently accounting for 90% of the number of manufacturing establishments are still households in traditional craft villages Currently, there are 2,017 trade villages with many types of production such as households, production groups, cooperatives, raw material processing facilities, raw material collectors, including bamboo and rattan trade villages Knitting has the largest number with 725 units, accounting for over 24% of the total number of villages across the country Our bamboo and rattan handicraft products lack creativity and backwardness compared to the development trend of the world although these are traditional products bearing bold cultural characteristics of Vietnam Due to design constraints, mainly due to foreign customers, domestic enterprises only perform the processing process very simply so enterprises produce according to experience, based on traditional designs and simulations Foreign product design is mainly The cost of input materials has increased since 2009 and is at the same time larger than the labor price while the selling price of products to the world market is almost unchanged, pushing the profit of the craft villages to low profits If the profit ratio in 2010 of these establishments is from 12.31% to 26% depending on different groups of products, by 2017, the profit ratio will be only from 8.56% to 20, 4% 3.1.3 About raw materials for production In the period of 2010-2014, the total output of rattan and bamboo materials increased, however, there was a change in 2012-2013 when the output increased, but the output of aquaculture decreased sharply leading to the total output of raw materials whether the whole industry decreases The year 2014-2017 witnessed the opposite trend of the previous year Particularly in the period 2015-2017, the total output of rattan and bamboo materials is relatively stable and increases slightly after fluctuating in the early years 3.1.4 Operation to ensure quality and safe hygiene According to scientific studies, most handicraft villages produce bamboo and rattan pollutants The process of fighting against mold for bamboo and rattan products causes a large amount of SO2, particularly in Thai Binh province, there are 40/210 handicraft villages producing handicraft and bamboo and rattan and up to 800 kilns for drying toxic gases daily Not only polluting emissions, many handicraft villages also make bamboo and rattan pollution 17 3.2 Current situation of developing Vietnam's rattan and bamboo handicraft industry in terms of economy, society and environment according to sustainable development criteria 3.2.1 The situation of sustainable development of handicrafts of bamboo and rattan handicrafts in economic terms: 3.2.1.1 Scale and growth rate of rattan and bamboo handicraft industry a In terms of value and growth The proportion of exports in the surveyed villages is 74% In the period of 2011-2018, the industry's export volume increased with an average rate of 14% while exports to the European market increased by 21% Export turnover of bamboo and rattan handicraft products nationwide increased by 2.27%/year on average in the period of 2011-2018, reaching USD 271.89 million in 2017 and USD 346.66 million in the year 2018 For Vietnam's largest market is the European Union of 28 member countries, Vietnam is the second largest supplier of goods after China, accounting for 7% of the 2016 market share for products handmade with bamboo and rattan material b In terms of density In recent years, handicrafts of bamboo and rattan handicrafts are one of Vietnam's key economic sectors, making important contributions to annual GDP growth and export turnover, contributing to economic restructuring reasonable However, the sector of handicraft and rattan and bamboo handicrafts with a proportion of contribution in the whole country tends to decrease, namely: in 2011, the proportion of manufacturing and processing value in the whole industry was 12%, by 2016 reduced to 7%; output from 26% in 2011, reduced to 10% in 2016 Although the contribution rate of the handicraft and bamboo and rattan handicraft industry has decreased, but during the last years (2009-2016) this sector still ensuring positive growth and very important significance in the GDP structure of the country This shows the economic uncertainty of the sector when activities supporting the processing activities have a lower value 3.2.1.2 Growth quality of bamboo and rattan handicrafts and handicrafts a Structure of handicraft and rattan products for export by market It can be seen that the market share of Vietnam's rattan and bamboo handicrafts exports to markets importing key handicrafts of bamboo and rattan handicrafts in the world only accounts for an average of about 5% The purchasing power of these markets also increased by an average of 7% per year This is a very good opportunity to expand the market share of Vietnam rattan and bamboo handicrafts products b Structure of handicraft and rattan products for export according to commodity groups Currently, our rattan and bamboo products are present in more than 90 countries and tend to expand During the period 1999-2005, the export value of bamboo and rattan products increased nearly times, bringing the total export value of this product group from 48.21 million USD in 1999 to over 211 million USD in 2010 Bamboo and rattan products also account for a large proportion and tend to increase in recent years: from 61.60% in 2010 to 97.79% in 2017 18 c To restructure Vietnam's handicraft and rattan products for export according to the production-processing level Vietnamese enterprises are merely outsourcing, selling raw materials and labor, but have not created real value added, thus relying heavily on season and international prices Due to lack of design, businesses and craft villages often have a situation of copying each other's designs and making the internal competition more and more fierce Manufacturers and exporters of bamboo and rattan handicrafts are less able to control product value and cause a decline in the value-added chain of the industry in general and to ensure sustainable export development in particular 3.2.2 The situation of sustainable development of bamboo and rattan handicrafts and fine arts: 3.2.2.1 Development of bamboo and rattan handicraft and fine arts with employment and labor skills: In general, the number of employees involved in the production-processing sector (excluding farming) without long-term labor contracts accounts for about 80% of the total number of workers working in craft villages In particular, production facilities have a proportion of workers without long-term contracts ranging from 65-75%, while seasonal workers in these production facilities account for about 75% This proves the level of specialization, the technology level of production facilities is not high There is a lack of legal basis for maintaining working relationships between businesses and workers, leading to instability in the labor force 3.2.2.2 Developing handicraft and bamboo and rattan handicrafts with the issue of improving the lives of workers and contributing to poverty reduction Through actual surveys of enterprises about current income, the average result is about 3.2 million VND/person/month Although nominal wages have increased, the prices of essential goods and services have also increased, even higher than the wage increase and about 80% of workers live mainly on monthly salaries, so the majority of workers People can only afford to pay the essential expenses for daily life, are unable to accumulate Thus, workers working in households are very precarious, low income and unstable, fragmented development, the ability of sustainable cooperation between tenants and employees is still low 3.2.2.3 Developing bamboo and rattan handicraft industry with social justice issues In the handicraft industry this is evident in the traders collecting materials and press prices for farmers to profit All of these problems further widen the gap in income between the population classes 3.2.3 The reality of sustainable development of rattan and bamboo handicrafts in the environment 3.2.3.1 Developing handicrafts of bamboo and rattan handicrafts with the maintenance and improvement of biodiversity resources According to the General Department of Forestry, Vietnam rattan and bamboo handicraft industry is developing according to the trend of increasing natural production to reduce aquaculture production and because (i) we not invest regions with a large scale of between 30 and 50 thousand hectares for planting concentrated materials; (ii) rugged terrain, 19 facilities and transport are difficult to exploit in areas where bamboo is distributed; (iii) silvicultural solutions for inefficient bamboo material areas are still limited; (iv) until now, the industry has not planned to exploit production in a sustainable manner, so the uncontrolled exploitation leads to the stagnation of bamboo bushes and bamboo that make the value of effective planting materials economically low economy 3.2.3.2 Developing handicrafts of bamboo and rattan handicrafts with the issue of preserving ecological environment The analysis of water samples showed that the color of the place was up to 13,000 Pt-Co, the content of COD, BOD5 was 2-15 times higher than TCVN, especially the Coliform exceeded thousands of times TCVN In addition to the economic benefits of handicraft products, businesses and households find every opportunity to reduce costs in the production and business process Therefore, the cost of preventing environmental pollution and ensuring a safe working environment are the costs that are often cut, not even expected, while making a business plan About 85-90% of this chemical dissolves waste water Results of water sample analysis showed that the color of the place was up to 13,000 Pt-Co, COD, BOD5 content was 2-15 times higher than TCVN, especially Coliform exceeded thousands of times TCVN 3.2.4 The relationship between economic, social and environmental factors to the sustainable development of Vietnam's rattan and bamboo handicraft industry (1) The lack of sustainability of input activities has had a negative impact on production (2) The lack of sustainability of production has had a negative impact on the sustainability of output (3) Unsustainable development in the economic pillar has a negative impact on job creation, welfare and lack of motivation to attract labor (4) Unsecured workers' welfare will have a negative impact on the supply of high quality materials in terms of professional and technical management in the handicraft industry (5) cultivating environment – exploiting the abused raw materials, therefore, it is not ensured the stable supply of raw materials for economic activities, and economic activities also cause negative impacts on the ability to grow and exploit the sources of raw materials and rattan and bamboo (6) Consciousness to protect the natural environment nurturing untreated sources of raw rattan and bamboo materials has the effect of reducing productivity and raising output, creating instability in employment, income and welfare of people labor (7) In contrast, the unstable social pillars are reflected in unstable employment, reduced income and welfare of workers, which negatively affects the sense of environmental protection, nurturing the resources source 3.3 Actual situation of institutions affects the process of sustainable development of Vietnamese rattan and bamboo handicrafts 3.3.1 Economic regulation policy of the State for handicraft and rattan and bamboo handicrafts 3.3.2 Regulatory policies of the State for social pillars 3.3.3 Regulatory policies of the State for environmental pillars 3.3.4 Industrialization, modernization of agriculture and rural areas and the introduction of new cooperatives 3.4 Overall assessment of sustainable development of Vietnamese rattan and bamboo handicrafts in the process of international integration 20 3.4.1 Contributions of Vietnam's rattan and bamboo handicraft industry in recent years (i) Contributing to creating jobs, increasing incomes and improving people's lives (ii) Create foreign currency for economic development (iii) Promote economic development (iv) Contribute to protecting the ecological environment (v) Contributing to promoting national culture and expanding exchanges and international cooperation 3.4.2 Inadequacies in developing handicrafts of rattan and bamboo in Vietnam in the context of international integration 3.4.2.1 Shortcomings in the economic field The input activity of bamboo and rattan handicraft industry on the economic aspect is relatively unsustainable, production-processing activities from the economic perspective still have limitations, which can affect the sustainable and prestigious development direction of the whole industry in production and processing activities and the development of new markets of Vietnam's rattan and bamboo handicraft industry, the output activities of rattan handicraft industry Although bamboo has played an important role in the structure of the country's GDP, the turnover and profits of enterprises are unstable, due to the objective impact of the economic recession, the export volume has decreased in the years recently 3.4.2.2 Shortcomings in the social field Input activities on the social aspect of Vietnam rattan and bamboo handicraft industry show that business owners and production facilities are not interested in vocational training for workers, lack of capacity to determine direction in building high quality materials, serving the strategy of sustainable development in the future Production-processing activities of bamboo and rattan handicrafts and fine arts on the social aspect, the following limitations can be drawn: The number of laborers participating in the activities of handicraft and rattan handicraft production of enterprises decreases strong; The quality of life has not been significantly improved because the price of goods with a corresponding increase or higher is one of the manifestations of improved labor welfare Output activities on the social aspect of rattan and bamboo handicraft industry show that customers of basic handicraft export enterprises are satisfied with the production conditions, less complaining about product quality 3.4.2.3 Disadvantages in the field of environment Input activities on the environmental aspect, with the observation that there is no sustainability due to planning in aquaculture, have not been updated and improved, so it has a direct impact on the growth rate of raw material sources each year tends to decrease and lack stability Production – processing activities on the environment, draw comments on environmental pollution in villages difficult to control and planning should affect people's health 3.5 Issues that need to be addressed to sustainably develop handicraft and rattan and bamboo handicrafts of Vietnam: The urgent issues need to be resolved: (i) Sustainable economic development (ii) Social sustainable development (iii) Environmental sustainable development (iv) Sustainable development of institutions 21 Chapter ORIENTATIONS, GOALS AND SOLUTIONS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF VIETNAM'S RATTAN AND BAMBOO HANDICRAFTS IN INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION 4.1 FACTORS AFFECTING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF VIETNAMESE RATTAN AND BAMBOO HANDICRAFTS IN INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION 4.1.1 Factors affecting the sustainable development of Vietnamese handicrafts in international integration: (i) The impact of international integration on the development of Vietnamese handicrafts (ii) Development trend of handicraft market (iii) The trend of handicraft products is more and more simple and contemporary (iv) Distribution channels of handicraft products are increasingly shortened v) Competition for future supply of handicrafts is still in Asia (vi) Concerns about social and environmental responsibility in the development of handicrafts are increasing 4.1.2 Potential of developing rattan and bamboo handicraft industry in Vietnam: (i) Abundant material sources available in the country (ii) There are many talented and skillful craftsmen (iii) Sophisticated craft production technology (iv) Unique products and bold Vietnamese culture (v) Demand for handicrafts at home and abroad is increasing (vi) Get the attention and support of the State 4.2 THE VIEWS AND ORIENTATIONS OF THE PARTY AND THE STATE ON THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF RATTAN AND BAMBOO HANDICRAFTS IN INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION Institution provides a harmonious and rational combination between economic development, society and environmental protection to achieve the goal of sustainable development of the country It also helps to expand international cooperation and maintain and preserve traditional cultural values in the context of globalization In addition, the Government of Viet Nam has supported the promotion of the handicraft sector as a means of eliminating poverty, especially in rural areas through direct investment policies and support the development of the handicraft industry from land planning, raw material supply, investment in skilled workers to participate in production to encourage investment and trade promotion to take effect and updated 4.3 ORIENTATION AND GOALS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF VIETNAM'S RATTAN AND BAMBOO HANDICRAFTS IN INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION 4.3.1 Orientation of developing handicrafts of Vietnam in international integration: (i) Vision of the value chain of handicraft industry in the future (ii) The main viewpoints are to sustainably develop Vietnam's rattan and bamboo handicrafts in the future, stemming from the research and assessment of the situation of developing handicrafts of bamboo and rattan handicrafts 22 4.3.2 The objective and orientation of solutions for sustainable development of Vietnam's rattan and bamboo handicrafts in international integration: (i) Target group to develop the capacity of stakeholders (ii) Target group for infrastructure development (iii) Target group to promote market access 4.4 SOLUTIONS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF VIETNAM'S RATTAN AND BAMBOO HANDICRAFTS IN INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION 4.4.1 Group of solutions to ensure the sustainable development of handicrafts of bamboo and rattan handicrafts on economic pillars (1) Completing the master planning work to develop rattan and bamboo handicrafts (2) Promote the application of scientific and technological advances to the production of bamboo and fine handicraft products (3) Strengthening trade promotion of rattan and bamboo handicrafts for export (4) Building a consumption network of Vietnamese rattan and bamboo handicrafts (5) Solutions to ensure the harmony between export growth and sustainable development of rattan and bamboo handicrafts (6) Improve the role and performance of Vietnam Handicraft Association 4.4.2 Group of solutions to ensure a harmonious combination between the development of rattan and bamboo handicrafts and solving social problems (1) Contribute to improving the life and construction of new rural areas through the development of handicraft and bamboo and rattan handicrafts; (2) Creating jobs and developing human resources for handicraft and bamboo and rattan handicrafts; (3) Linking in producing handicrafts of bamboo and rattan handicrafts to enhance product value chain; 4.4.3 Group of solutions to ensure a harmonious combination between the development of rattan and bamboo handicrafts and ecological environment protection (1) Complete the legal system on environmental protection, serving the sustainable development goal of the country (2) Develop a system of national standards on rattan and bamboo handicrafts in accordance with international standards (3) Promote propaganda and education on environmental protection in the whole society (4) Strengthening the inspection, inspection, supervision and sanctioning and strengthening international cooperation on environmental protection 4.4.4 Group of solutions to ensure a harmonious combination between the development of handicraft and rattan and bamboo products and the policy mechanism of the State (1) Complete legal basis and policies to develop handicraft and rattan handicrafts; (2) The State needs to have policies to support the handicraft and bamboo and rattan handicraft industry to develop 4.4.5 Solution to develop new cooperatives in Vietnam rattan and bamboo handicraft industry: (1) New-style cooperatives must be developed towards general business with regional specialization; (2) Developing new cooperatives must be closely 23 linked with the goals of agricultural and rural industrialization and modernization; (3) Developing new cooperatives suitable for the socialist-oriented market economy; (4) Developing new cooperatives must be associated with other economic sectors 4.5 SOME RECOMMENDATIONS TO ENSURE THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF BAMBOO AND RATTAN HANDICRAFT INDUSTRY 4.5.1 Proposing to the Central Government 4.5.1.1 Proposing to the Prime Minister 4.5.1.2 Proposing to the Ministry of Industry and Trade 4.5.1.3 Proposing to the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development 4.5.1.4 Proposing to the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment 4.5.2 Proposing to Vietnam Association of handicraft and rattan handicraft industry, and localities CONCLUSION It can be affirmed that sustainable development of handicrafts of bamboo and rattan handicrafts is an urgent requirement for our country in the process of industrialization, modernization and international economic integration In order to ensure the sustainable development of rattan and bamboo handicrafts, it plays an important role in ensuring the sustainable development of export goods in general and implementing Vietnam's fast and sustainable economic development orientation in the period In the next section, the thesis has clarified: (i) sustainable development of rattan and bamboo handicrafts requires the harmonious combination between export growth and people's life improvement social stability and ecological environment protection (ii) The goal of sustainable development of handicrafts of bamboo and rattan handicrafts must aim at maintaining high and stable growth and quality, limiting negative impacts on environment and communes (iii) Depending on each stage of development of the country, the harmonization of these objectives requires specific characteristics In chapter 1, the thesis focuses on clarifying the theoretical basis of sustainable development, national sustainable development, sustainable development of the handicraft industry, thereby affirming the criteria of economic factors – society – environment – institutions directly affect the process of industry sustainable development, provide empirical models to analyze and develop sustainable handicrafts of rattan and bamboo in Vietnam Using the argument of Lenin Marx contemporary philosophy serves as a theoretical basis for the indispensable development of the industry and affirms the role of handicraft industry in the process of economic development, social economy, especially poverty reduction, employment issues for people, promoting cultural exchanges between Vietnam and other countries in the world in the process of integration Chapter of the thesis scientifically assesses the status of sustainable development of rattan and bamboo handicrafts of Vietnam It can be said that the sustainability of Vietnamese rattan and bamboo handicrafts in recent years has not been clearly shown Although the growth of handicraft goods has made significant contributions to export growth, economic growth, has solved some social problems such as creating more jobs, increasing 24 incomes for people, reducing the poverty rate in rural areas and preserving the ecological environment, but the quality of export growth is not very solid This represents a slow shift in the structure of export of handicraft goods in the direction of increasing added value Developing export handicrafts of bamboo and rattan handicrafts has not solved the social problems such as income disparities between social groups participating in export, income gap between urban and rural areas developing the export of handicraft and bamboo and rattan handicrafts is mainly based on the exploitation of natural resources and causing ecological degradation The main reason for these problems is that Vietnam is slowly changing its growth model in the context of internationalization of world economic life increasingly deepening at both globalization and regionalization levels Vietnam's economy is facing many challenges in the strategy of sustainable development such as income inequality, poverty, disease, population growth, global energy use, climate change, polluting the ecological environment Meanwhile, Vietnam's economic institutions are still weak, technology level and quality of raw materials are still limited From the above situation, chapter on the basis of the orientation of export orientation has been presented the thesis proposed solutions: to ensure sustainable development of Vietnam's rattan and bamboo handicrafts in the current context, it is necessary to build an appropriate model of Vietnam's economic growth, which ensures a harmonious combination between export growth and sustainable handicraft products, between export growth and prizes addressing social issues, between economic growth and ecological environment protection In order to overcome the limitations in the process of carrying out the thesis, the author has set out the need for further research on sustainable development of Vietnam's handicraft industry, specifically as follows: The study only investigated the impact of a number of factors to decide the criteria to evaluate the development of handicraft and rattan products in the view of sustainable development, research subjects of the topic truly expanding; and the scale of the study is only referenced from the relevant research resources in the world and preliminarily adjusted but there are no new, more relevant observations as well as the full definition of the scales measuring in accordance with the market in Vietnam in general and Ho Chi Minh City in particular The research has just been based on the existing scales so there is still a lack of regional economic and cultural factors in building the most suitable scale and model, this is also the research direction for the next topics The research can go into specific research on each type of handicraft products to find out the differences in the criteria for evaluating the development of handicraft and rattan products in the view of sustainable development to enhance higher explanations, achieve better reliability./ 25 PUBLISHED WORKS OF THE AUTHOR RELATED TO THE THESIS TOPIC Le Van Canh, 2016 Researching and developing criteria for evaluating the development of Vietnamese rattan and bamboo handicrafts in the view of sustainable development Economic University at Ho Chi Minh City: Scientific research topic at the university level Le Van Canh, 2016 Quality of human resources – an essential element to develop handicraft industry in Vietnam during the integration period Manpower Development Magazine, ISSN 1859-2732 Le Van Canh, 2016 Export of handicrafts in the context of deep international integration Journal of Economics and Forecasting, ISSN 0866 – 7120 Le Van Canh, 2017 Maintaining and promoting the value of Vietnamese cultural tradition through handicraft products – a factor contributing to sustainable tourism development Communist Journal – Provincial Party Committee of Binh Phuoc: Sustainable tourism development in southern provinces and cities: reality and solutions Ha Noi: The Truth National Political Publishing House, ISBN 978-604-57-3529-9 Le Van Canh, 2017 Handicraft products of Ho Chi Minh City – effectiveness of new cooperative models Communist Journal – Ho Chi Minh City Party Committee: Develop new-style cooperatives from Ho Chi Minh City’s practice Ho Chi Minh City: Publisher of Culture and Arts, ISBN 978-604-68-4818-9 ... bamboo and rattan handicrafts; (2) Creating jobs and developing human resources for handicraft and bamboo and rattan handicrafts; (3) Linking in producing handicrafts of bamboo and rattan handicrafts. .. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF VIETNAM'S RATTAN AND BAMBOO HANDICRAFTS IN INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION 4.4.1 Group of solutions to ensure the sustainable development of handicrafts of bamboo and rattan handicrafts. .. situation of developing handicrafts of bamboo and rattan handicrafts 22 4.3.2 The objective and orientation of solutions for sustainable development of Vietnam's rattan and bamboo handicrafts in international