The thesis researches the theoretical issues and the practical management of the UI fund. In particular, mainly researching on management of revenue - expenditure and the balance of UI fund in Vietnam.
1 INTRODUCTION 1. Rationale In Vietnam, workers’ rights as well as unemployment issue are always paid attention to by the Party and the Government in each period of the socio economic development process. In the period before 2009, the government budget spent hundreds of billions of VND each year to support financially for tens of thousands of workers through severance allowances, jobloss allowances or allowances regimes for redundant laborers when rearranging Stateowned enterprises,….In order to better ensure the benefits for workers when they are unemployed and to reduce the burden on the state budget, at the 9th session of National Assembly, term XI, the Law on Social Insurance was promulgated and Unemployment Insurance (UI) regulations became effective from 1stJanuary 2009. After five years of implementation, the Unemployment Insurance has been more comprehensive in the Employment Law passed by the National Assembly, term XIII, at its 6th session and took effect on 1st January 2015. After the process of formation and modification up to now, UI has gradually come to life and is "lifeline" for workers when they lose their jobs According to data of Vietnam Social Insurance by 2015, Vietnam has over 10.3 million laborers participating in UI system with the revenue of over 9.7 trillion VND and over 4.5 trillion VND was spent for more than 545,000 beneficiaries. Thus, the UI budget is not only enough to pay the regimes but also surplus over 49 trillion In addition to the achievements, the management of UI system still reveals many inadequacies in policy such as: employees who contribute to UI but do not benefit from retirement policy, there is no age limits for being entitled to unemployment insurance benefits. Therefore, some workers who retire from work benefit from the UI regime first then apply for retirement allowances. , maternity beneficiaries actively quit their jobs to enjoy both maternity and unemployment benefits,… In the implementation organization, the fraud of UI benefits is still occurring in various forms, affecting the management and preservation of UI budget and being expressed as: employees actively take leave or corporate with employers to carry out procedures to enjoy UI benefits, while the company still can arrange jobs for these employees; unemployed workers are having unemployment allowance but at the same time still work and contribute to social insurance (SI) and UI in other localities to avoid being detected; Some companies have dodged the law for evading to contribute to UI system by signing labor contracts with employees who have less than 3 months of employment or insufficiently contribution by lower the number of employees and salaries, UI outstanding debts, Employment information is limited; vocational training is reasonable in terms of time, funding and training industry; not meeting the needs of the labor market. The coordination mechanisms in policy implementation and inspection between agencies and organizations is not enough strict. On the other hand, UI is mainly aimed at paying unemployment benefits with absolute amount of allowances is much greater than that of other regimes, the allowance for training, retraining and upgrading of vocational skills to maintain unpaid labor, the policy to limit the situation of job dismissal, supporting UI contributions rate or enhance the role of the labor market are not paid enough attention…then lead to great surplus of UI fund With the abovementioned issues, "The Management of Unemployment Insurance Fund in Vietnam" is the topic chosen by the author to study in order to overcome shortcomings and inadequacies still remain, thereby contributing to the management of UI fund more strict ,effective and lawfully 2. Research Goals a. Overall Goal: Evaluating the actual situation of UI fund management and proposing some key solutions to manage UI fund in Vietnam stricty, effectively and lawfully b. Specific Goals: To systematize, supplement and clarify basic theoretical issues on UI fund and the management of UI fund; To analyze and evaluate the status of revenue and expenditure management, balance of the UI fund, also to clarify the factors affecting the management of UI fund in Vietnam; To Propose solutions and recommendations to manage UI funds closely, effectively and lawfully. 3. Research subjects and scope a. Thesis’ research subjects is managing UI fund. b. Thesis research scope Content: The thesis researches the theoretical issues and the practical management of the UI fund. In particular, mainly researching on management of revenue expenditure and the balance of UI fund in Vietnam Location: UI fund management in Vietnam Period: period from 2011 to 2015 4. Methodology The thesis uses the methodology of dialectical materialism, historical materialism to systematize and to clarify basic theoretical issues on UI fund management The dissertation uses the synthesis of statistics research methods such as: synthesize, analysis, comparative evaluation and lessons learned During researching process, the thesis combines both qualitative and quantitative methods In order to implement these methods, primary and secondary data sources are collected from the Vietnam Social Insurance, the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs and the relevant ministries and agencies and via field survey sheets 5. Literature Reviews 5.1. International Research Wandner, S. A., & Stengle, T. (1997). “Unemployment insurance: Measuring who receives it”; Schwartz, J. (2009). “Essays on unemployment insurance and the business cycle”; Mullins, S. D. (2012) “The Unemployment Impact of the 2008 Extension of Unemployment Insurance”; Carter, J., Bédard, M., & Bista, C P (2013). “Comparative review of unemployment and employment insurance experiences in Asia and worldwide”; Hu, Y. W., Impavido, G., & Li, X. (2009). “Governance and Fund Management in the Chinese Pension System” 5.2. Local Research Sinh, D.V (2005) “Improving the management of Social Insurance Fund in Vietnam” Quang, N.V (2009) “Models and experiences of implementing unemployment insurance in the world " Dinh, N.V (2008) " Organizing Unemployment Insurance in Vietnam"; Trung, L.Q. (2001) and his team. Ministry level Research. "Solutions to promote nonstate enterprises participating in unemployment insurance up to 2020" Centre of regional social and environmment development Vietnam (CERSED). (2013). "Assessing the status of the unemployment insurance fund and proposing plans to transform the fund model" Thao, L.T.P. (2014) "The management of unemployment insurance fund in Hung Yen Social Insurance Branch"; - Giang P.T (2010) “Completing the collection mechanism of social insurance contribution in Vietnam"; Chinh, N.T (2010) "Completing the organizations system and payment activities of social insurance in Vietnam"; Lam. T.Q. (2016) "Factors affecting the revenue of health insurance fund in Vietnam" Truong. N.Q. (2016) "Current State management of unemployment insurance in Vietnam." 5.3. Issues to study further Summary of domestic and foreign studies, the author found that there are still many researching gaps related to UI fund management, specifically: Theoretical gap: The concept of Unemployment Insurance, UI fund and UI Management, distinguishing UI fund with social insurance fund, the system of indicators related to UI management, factors affecting the management of UI fund Methodological gap: The majority of research are based on secondary data sources, while primary data sources through surveys are limited The methods used in the study were mainly analysis, comparison, statistics, description Practical gaps: UI management needs to be analyzed thoroughly, in detail and objectively in terms of organization across the country The management of UI fund in Vietnam is mainly studied in terms of organization implementation by social insurance agencies Therefore, the solutions and recommendations of the thesis are aimed at completing and improving the efficiency of UI fund management, proposing amendments to policies and management models in Vietnam 6. Theorical frame work and Research model Based on literature reviews and remaining gaps in previous studies, the author suggests expected study model as follows: Picture 1: Expected study model 7. New contributions of the thesis Theoretical and academic contributions: + The thesis researches and clarifies the concepts of UI, UI fund and UI fund management; + Identifying the factors influencing UI fund management and explaining the content of each factor; + Identification and selection of indicators to serve the management of UI funds New contributions from the thesis: + Analyzing and clarifying the current status of UI fund management in Vietnam (2011 2015) + Analyzing the factors influencing the management of UI fund in Vietnam including policies and laws on UI; social and economic conditions; participating subjects and beneficiaries; level of contribution, level of benefits; Organizing the management of revenue and expenditure and balancing the UI fund; propaganda and dissemination of policies and laws; the work of checking and inspecting UI and the coordination between functional agencies related to UI system Simultaneously, the authors have investigated both policy beneficiaries and the people who directly implement UI policies in order to identify three factors affecting the management of UI fund in a scientific and objective way: legal policies, socioeconomic conditions, quality of the UI fund management agencies’ human resources + Proposing solutions to complete and improve the effectiveness of UI fund management, including solutions to UI policies and implementing UI policies in Vietnam 8. Content Apart from the introduction, conclusions, list of references, appendices The thesis is structured into 3 chapters: Chapter 1: The scientific basis of the Management of Unemployment Insurance Fund Chapter 2: The current status of Unemployment Insurance Fund Management in Vietnam Chapter 3: Viewpoints, orientations and solutions to improve the management of unemployment insurance fund in Vietnam CHAPTER 1 THE SCIENTIFIC BASIS OF THE MANAGEMENT OF THE UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE FUND 1.1. Unemployment insurance fund 1.1.1. Overview of Unemployment Insurance 1.1.1.1. The definition of unemployment insurance By studying previous scientists’ literature and views about unemployment insurance, the author assumes: Unemployment insurance is a guarantee to replace or offset a part of income for a certain period of time for unemployed workers in order to stabilize their and their families’ lives, to help the unemployed to return to labor market early and to limit the situation of labor dismissal by supporting measures of UI, thereby contributing to ensuring social security 1.1.1.2. The nature of unemployment insurance 1.1.1.3. The role of unemployment insurance 1.1.2. Unemployment insurance fund 1.1.2.1. The definition and source of UI fund According to ILO recommendations and UI in some countries around the world, the author assumes: UI fund is a concentrated monetary fund made up of contributions by contributors with the main purpose of replacing or offsetting a part of income for a given period of time for unemployed workers, also supporting to training and job introduction to the unemployed to help them early return to the labor market and limit layoffs situation 1.1.2.2. The characteristics of unemployment insurance fund Firstly, the government is the only entity regulating the establishment and the use of UI fund for the purpose of ensuring social security Secondly, UI fund is a concentrated monetary and community fund with 10 Thirdly, the release, the existence and the development of UI always stick to the main purpose of ensuring life for laborers and their families when they are unemployed Fourthly, UI fund is always influenced by a number of factors, in which the development of social economy is always important and has a synergy effect 1.2. The management of unemployment insurance fund 1.2.1. The definition of unemployment insurance fund management Under the author’s perspective, UI fund management is considered as the impact of management actors on the management, planning and organization of the fund to achieve expected objectives according to the principles and management methods of each country in each period 1.2.2. Unemployment insurance fund’s managerial Target UI fund must be not only strictly managed from the inputs, including identification of participants, full and timely charges; strictly controlling the payment of allowances to the right beneficiaries, but also to periodically balancing UI income – expenses, forecasting and making appropriate adjustments in medium term and long term in order to manage and utilize UI fund effectively with the highest objective to ensure that employees receive full benefits before and after unemployment and reintegrate into the labor market, and contribute to ensuring national social security 1.2.3. The principles of unemployment insurance fund management Firstly: Contribution – Benefits Secondly: The law of large number Thirdly: Balacing income – expenses Fourthly: Fair, open, transparent Fifthly: Managing the fund centrally, safely and effectively 1.2.4. Contents of UI management 1.2.4.1. Managing the collection of UI 16 insurance collection plan 2.2.2. Managing the spending of unemployment insurance fund 2.2.2.1. Estimating the expected expenditure of UI regime 2.2.2.2. Managing unemployment insurance beneficiaries 2.2.2.3. Managing the amount of unemployment insurance benefits 2.2.2.4. Organizing the evaluation of implementation results of unemployment insurance spending 2.2.3. Inspection and supervision 2.2.4. Managing the balance of income expenses of UI fund Table 2.7: The balance of income expenses of UI fund (2011 2015) Unit: billion VND Years 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Opening balance 8.994 15.587 23.236 31.870 41.454 Increase in fund 7.843 10.460 12.734 14.612 12.864 Decrease in fund 1.250 2.811 4.100 5.028 5.137 Closing balance 15.587 23.236 31.870 41.454 49.181 Source: Vietnam Social Insurance 17 Overall, it can be seen that UI fund is mainly used to pay unemployment benefits to unemployed people with huge amounts of money comparing to vocational training or health insurance contributions for the unemployed. Although the policy of supporting the cost of training, retraining and upgrading of vocational skills to maintain employment for workers is established in Vietnam labor law, enterprises’ access to this policy is still difficult so there are no specific data on the payment of this regime In fact, UI policies in Vietnam are passive, mainly used to pay unemployment allowance but not other proactive labor market policies as some countries in the world. Typically, vocational training, employment introduction and information on labor market, policies to support enterprises before the dismissal of labor has not met the actual needs, This is also one of the main causes for Vietnam unemployment insurance fund’s huge surplus over the years 2.2.5. Managing investment activities of UI fund 2.3 Nam Assessing the management of unemployment insurance fund in Vietnam 2.3.1. Achievements a. UI policies and laws b. Propaganda and dissemination of UI policies and laws c. Inspection and supervision: d. Organizing the implementation of unemployment insurance management policy e.The quality of of social insurance agencies’ human resources 2.3.2. Limitations a. UI policies and laws: Table 2.13: The evaluation of VSS officers on employers’ compliance with UI policies and laws 18 Number of participants Rate Very bad % % valid 159 39.4 39.4 Bad 12 3.0 3.0 Good 208 51.5 51.5 25 6.2 6.2 404 100.0 100.0 Very good Total Source: Author’s survey b. Propaganda and dissemination of UI policies and laws: c. Inspection and supervision: d. Organizing the implementation of unemployment insurance management policy: Figure 2.11. Employees’ evaluation on the quality of vocational training and satisfaction in job counseling and referral e. IT applications: 2.3.3 Evaluating the factors affecting the management of unemployment insurance fund 2.3.3.1. Evaluating the level of participants’ influence to UI fund management a. Models and research hypotheses 19 The author suggests the following research hypotheses: Research Previous research’s Hypothesi Descriptions authors s Female participant rate is lower Lam (2016); Diamond & H1 than male participant rate Mirrlees (1978) Scheve & Stasavage Employee’s age is strongly positively correlated with the level (2006), Gao, Yang & Li (2012) H2 of possibility of participating unemployment insurance H3 H4 H5 H6 The level of worker’s education is positively correlated with the level of possibility of participating unemployment insurance Employees in both Stateowned and FDI sectors have a higher level of participating unemployment insurance than other enterprises Urban workers have higher levels of participating unemployment insurance than in rural areas The more opportunities employees have to participate in unemployment insurance, the higher the level of possibility of participating unemployment insurance Atkinson (1987); Oyekale (2012); Carrin (2007), Liu & Hsiao (1995); Ahmad (1991) Chiappori (2000); Cardon & Hendel (2001) Cardon & Hendel (2001); Diamond & Mirrlees (1978) 20 Research Hypothesi s Descriptions H7 The level of accessing to information about unemployment insurance is positively correlated with the level of unemployment insurance participation Previous research’s authors Cardon & Hendel (2001); Chiappori (2000); Chiappori & Salanié (2013) b. Results of data analysis Table 2.16: The Hosmer Lemeshow goodness of fit test for logistic regression The pvalue obtained is greater than 5% so we do not have statistical evidence to reject H0 In other words, the logistic regression model developed to assess the level of UI participation of employees is consistent with the sample data of the study. Based on the results of the analysis for model 1, the proposed research hypotheses will be verified (or rejected) as follows: Hypothesis H1. Because the regression coefficient for female sex is negative, hypothesis 1 is confirmed Hypothesis H2. The regression coefficient of age is positive so the regression coefficient of age is consistent with the hypothesis H2 Hypothesis H3. The higher the level of education , the better understanding of the legal policy , the orientation and the choice of work are in line with reality and needs Hypothesis H4. Based on the sign of regression coefficients, it can be 21 assumed that the level of UI participation of employees in these two groups of enterprises is higher Hypothesis H5. The regression coefficient for the urban labor group is positive at 0.312 and is statistically significant at 5% (PValue = 0.045 |z|) (Intercept) 4.324 0.657 3.463 0.071*** The quality of human resources 0.085 0.376 1.568 0.009* UI policies and laws 0.460 0.006 0.272 0.046** Socioeconomic conditions 0.277 0.311 0.982 0.249 The quality of human resources. This factor is statistically significant at 1% According to the results shown in Table 2.15, human resource quality influences positively on UI management. These results are consistent with the H1 hypothesis and are relevant to reality as UI officials’ managerial tasks includes planning, implementing, and monitoring the process of collecting and spending UI fund UI policies and laws. This factor is statistically significant at 5%. The analysis results in Table 2.15 show that UI policies and laws influence positively on UI fund management This result also confirms the H2 hypothesis 23 Socioeconomic conditions. According to the results obtained in Table 2.15, it can be seen that the socioeconomic conditions have a positive influence on UI und management Between above three factors, the legal policy is the main factor affecting the implementation of UI management. According to author's survey of all three groups about the impact of the legal and policy factors on UI management, the results are highly influential and very influential Figure 2.17: The evaluation of VSS staff on the impact of legal and policy factors on UI fund management Figure 2.18. The assessment of employers and employees on the impact of policy and legal factors on UI fund management CHAPTER VIEWPOINTS, ORIENTATIONS AND SOLUTIONS TO IMPROVE THE MANAGEMENT OF UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE FUND 24 IN VIETNAM 3.1 Orientations and viewpoints of organizing the management of unemployment insurance fund 3.1.1. Orientating managerial targets of unemployment insurance fund To study and amend Social Law in the orientation of expanding social insurance participants. To complete the policies and laws and management and using mechanisms of social insurance fund, to ensure the fund's balance and growth requirements. Reviewing and supplementing the regulations forcing employers to properly and fully fulfill the obligation to pay social insurance contributions for laborers. Modifying unemployment insurance policy to ensure the legitimate interests of unemployed workers and avoiding insurance fraud To consolidate social insurance apparatus at all levels in order to implement social insurance and health insurance regimes and policies to meet increasing requirements. Promoting the reform of administrative procedures, improving service quality, reducing inconvenience for participants in social insurance and health insurance To complete the information technology infrastructure (computer networks, servers, workstations, network security, data center and software systems, databases, online public services on the Internet) in order to solve/implement policies, social insurance, health insurance Connecting and communicating information between units in the entire social insurance industry throughout the country and units which are also responsible for implementing unemployment insurance regimes and policies in the labor industry As a result, the Party and the government have clearly defined their future goals with important contents of researching and revising legal system, training and improving the quality of human resources and specially focusing on promoting the application and development of information technology to meet the requirements of sustainable development and international integration. These are also important factors mentioned in the thesis’ rationale part and being confirmed, proved in the analysis and assessment of the current status of UI fund management in Vietnam, that is: UI policies and laws, the quality of 25 unemployment fund management agencies’ human resources and the application of information technology In pursuing the abovementioned orientations and objectives, social insurance agencies which have the managerial function of UI must ensure the financial principles closely and effectively manage UI funds The income of the UI is always controlled strictly, timely with the right objects. UI fund must be used effectively, not only to pay UI benefits to the unemployed but also to respond to proactive policies to assist workers in limiting unemployment situation by various measures on the basis of balancing the income – expenses of UI funds in medium and long term. To publicize the process of paying UI contributions and the salary level used as the basis for employees’ contribution amount in order to control the situation of employers’ declaration or payment of UI contributions as well as UI collection in accordance with employees’ salary 3.1.2. Viewpoints on unemployment insurance fund management 3.1.2.1. General view on unemployment insurance Unemployment insurance policies must be tools that manage, control and operate effectively labor market by developing and transforming into employment insurance policies for the purpose of maintaining employment for the workers, then there are measures to support job creation for the unemployed Incorporating closely unemployment insurance policies with employment policies, labor market information, social insurance Expanding the number of UI participants must be linked to improve management capacity. When UI policies change, the number of participants are increasing, the management of participants must be strict to ensure collecting from right subjects, sufficient contributions and not let the employers and employees can find ways to evade paying contribution or to pay insufficiently in accordance with regulations Always paying attention to the propaganda and dissemination of UI policies The task of propagandizing and disseminating policies must be considered as a key task and a regular, longterm task The propaganda 26 contents must be formulated methodically and abundant and in various forms in order to ensure that UI laws must reach every citizen and participant to protect their justified interests Developing and completing a centralized database for managing UI participants with a unified national code to manage contributors and beneficiaries accurately and timely .On the other hand, detecting the fraud of UI fund to handle violations, ensure the strictness of the law and public transparently participation time, contribution rate for workers to control their account. Developing labor management software, creating favorable conditions for enterprises to deploy and update their labor status, connecting databases with social insurance agencies to conduct etransactions in the field of social insurance and unemployment insurance Connecting information and data with related ministries and industries to manage the newly established and operating units and enterprises; the employed are subject to compulsory social insurance UI fund must be balanced in medium and long term and evaluating the residual margin of the fund in order to propose to the competent authorities for policy adjustment for supporting employers, training, improving skills for workers, limiting layoffs and supporting part of employees’ contribution 3.1.2.2. Viewpoints on the management of unemployment insurance fund 3.2. Solutions to manage unemployed insurance fund in Vietnam 3.2.1. Solutions to complete unemployment insurance policies 3.2.2. Solutions to strengthen organizational structure 3.2.3. Solutions to manage unemployment insurance collention 3.2.4. Solutions to closely manage unemployment insurance payments 3.2.5. Solutions to ensure the balance of revenue expenditure of unemployment insurance fund Unemployment insurance in Viet Nam now has a great surplus so the country should also learn from Korea’s experiences. The problem is that it is 27 necessary to specify clearly in the Law on this case and which purpose or program must be applied for? According to the author, the reserve fund in UI should be used in programs such as: Supporting enterprises in training and retraining skills for employees with the conditions are clearly specifiaclly definedin line with the reality for enterprises’s access to the policy; Vocational skills development; Supporting laborers’ families which have many children or being in difficulty; Contributing to reducing unemployment rate, limiting the situation of layoffs, as well as unemployment insurance fund will also limit the payment of unemployment insurance if the company fire their employees, etc. If done so, the fund will be used not only for the right purpose but also very effective 3.2.6. Improving the quality of human resources in UI management 3.2.7. Developing and applying information technology in management of UI fund 3.2.8. Strengthening propaganda and dissemination of UI policies 3.2.9. Developing a strict rewarding and penalty mechanisms 3.3. Recommendations 3.3.1. 3.3.1. To the Congress and the Government Studying to amend the name of unemployment insurance into employment insurance in line with the proposals on proactive labor market policies and with the experiences of implementing employment insurance in some countries such as: Korea, Japan, 3.3.2. To Ministry of Labor War Invalids and Social Affairs Promoting labor market information, focusing on the exploitation of vacant positions to support the unemployed, especially promoting the activities of Career Exchange, while taking measures to limit the layoffs of enterprises Improving the quality of vocational training courses, retraining the unemployed and diversifying training disciplines in line with realities and socioeconomic development situation of Vietnam in order to meet all demands 28 of the unemployed who are trained so they will early return to the labor market Researching and proposing to expand UI membership in the direction that all laborers with labor relations are subject to unemployment insurance. Furthermore, be given to employees of foreign employees working in Vietnam and workers in the informal sector should be considered to participate in unemployment insurance in the form of voluntary 3.3.3. To related ministries and industries 3.3.4. To Vietnam Social Security 3.3.5. To employers 3.3.6. To employees 29 CONCLUSION The thesis " The management of Unemployment Insurance Fund in Vietnam" has: 1/. Systemized and supplemented the theoretical issues about UI and UI management: Definitions, characteristics, roles of UI and UI management. Additionally, the thesis also researches and recommends solutions to serve the management of UI fund. Learning experiences from some countries in the world about UI management and drawing lessons for Vietnam 2/. Analyzed the current status of UI management in Vietnam from 2011 to 2015; Evaluating the achievements, limitations and the impact of different factors on the management of UI fund as well as fund surplus over the years 3/. Given viewpoints, orientations and objectives in managing UI fund and proposed solutions to improve the management of UI fund in Vietnam. Recommending to governmental management agencies, employers and employees about solutions to manage UI fund closely, effectively and lawfully Although there have been some contributions to some theoretical issues, the analysis of the current status of UI management in Vietnam and the factors influencing the management of UI fund as well as the interpretation of UI fund’s surplus, the thesis still remains inevitably limitations. In particular, secondary data sources are used from different reporting periods so there is inevitability of discrepancies; Primary data sources are scattered and modest in terms of sample representation, but do not affect the results of the study; The data used is for the purposes of this dissertation Thus, analysis and evaluation results are still limited Being one of the important policies of the Party and the Government, the pillars in the system of social security policies, UI fund and UI fund management still need to be further studied in order to contribute to UI policies and laws on in our country being more and more comprehensive and appropriate The solutions and recommendations presented in the thesis are certainly not considered as being sufficient in medium and long term. Therefore, the 30 author wishes to receive the comments of experts and scientists who interested in this field ... improve the management of unemployment insurance fund in Vietnam 9 CHAPTER 1 THE SCIENTIFIC BASIS OF THE MANAGEMENT OF THE UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE FUND 1.1. Unemployment insurance fund 1.1.1. Overview of Unemployment Insurance. .. 2.1. Unemployment Insurance Fund in Vietnam 2.1.1. Formation process and purpose of using unemployment insurance fund in Vietnam 2.1.2. Unemployment Insurance Management Agency and Unemployment Insurance Fund in Vietnam. .. New contributions from the thesis: + Analyzing and clarifying the current status of UI fund management in Vietnam (2011 2015) + Analyzing the factors influencing the management of UI fund in Vietnam including policies