Điện tử viễn thông chap 1 STC LTE eNB overview khotailieu

Up to the best of Samsung’s knowledge 2Samsung Confidential Information.. Up to the best of Samsung’s knowledge 8Samsung Confidential Information.. Up to the best of Samsung’s knowledge

English ED01

Jae ho, Lee

Customer Training Center

Samsung Confidential Information Official Commitment will be made in a formal form Up to the best of Samsung’s knowledge 2

Samsung Confidential Information Official Commitment will be made in a formal form Up to the best of Samsung’s knowledge

Intro

Samsung Confidential Information Official Commitment will be made in a formal form Up to the best of Samsung’s knowledge 4

Demand for

high-data-rates

Improved system capacity & coverage

Reduced cost for the operator

UTRA : Universal Terrestrial Radio Access UTRAN: UTRA Radio Access Network

Reduced Latency

LTE Background

Enhancement of UTRA & UTRAN

<Source:

www.3gpp.org>

LTE Definition and History

0

WCDMA HSDPA HSPA HSPA evolution

LTE LTE-advanced

Peak data rate

100 Mbps (DL) / 50 Mbps (UL) Baseline: 20 MHz BW, 1TX & 2RX UE

Significantly reduced latency

Control-plane latency

– Idle ↔ active : < 100 ms – dormant ↔ Active: < 50 ms

User-plane latency : < 5 ms in unload condition for small IP packet

Significantly improved throughput & spectrum efficiency

2 ~ 4 times Release 6 HSPA

Spectrum flexibility

Scalable bandwidth: 1.4/3/5/10/15/20 MHz

Camped-state (idle)

Active (Cell_DCH)

Dormant (Cell_PCH)

Less than 100msec Less than 50msec

Samsung Confidential Information Official Commitment will be made in a formal form Up to the best of Samsung’s knowledge 6

Mobility

Optimized for low mobile speed 0 ~ 15 km/h

15 ~ 120 km/h should be supported with high performance Connection maintained at speeds 120 ~ 350 km/h (or even up to

500 km/h)

Support for inter-working with existing 3G systems and

non-3GPP systems

Reduced CAPEX and OPEX including backhaul

Efficient support of the various types of services, especially

from the PS-domain

Web-browsing, FTP, video-streaming, VoIP

LTE Standard Specifications

Specification index Description of contents

TS 36.100 series Equipment Requirements:

Terminals, Base stations, and Repeaters

TS 36.200 series

Layer 1 (Physical layer):

Physical channels, Modulation, Multiplexing, Channel coding, etc.

TS 36.300 series

Layers 2 and 3:

Medium Access Control, Radio Link Control, and Radio Resource Control.

TS 36.400 series Network Signaling & Interfaces:

Architecture, S1, X2 Interfaces, etc.

TS 36.500 series UE equipment conformance testing

Free Download from

http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/html-info/36-series.htm

Samsung Confidential Information Official Commitment will be made in a formal form Up to the best of Samsung’s knowledge 8

Samsung Confidential Information Official Commitment will be made in a formal form Up to the best of Samsung’s knowledge

TD-LTE Fundamental

LTE FDD

A paired frequency band allocation

Uplink and downlink selected from different frequency bands

LTE TDD

Enables use of unpaired frequency bands

The same frequency band for UL and DL, divided in time

Channel Reciprocity

TD-LTE and LTE FDD Difference

solely a physical layer manifestation and therefore invisible to

higher layers

there are no operational differences between the two modes in the system architecture

E-UTRA Operating Band

FDD - frequency division duplex

TDD - time division duplex

Samsung Confidential Information Official Commitment will be made in a formal form Up to the best of Samsung’s knowledge 10

Samsung Confidential Information Official Commitment will be made in a formal form Up to the best of Samsung’s knowledge

HARQ and control signaling

HARQ ACK/NACK

For FDD, the acknowledgement of data received in sub-frame n is

transmitted in sub-frame n+4

For TDD, the acknowledgement obviously cannot be transmitted until

an uplink sub-frame occurs

Multiple UL ACK/NACK Transmission

For, DL heavy case, the reception of several downlink sub-frames may need to be acknowledged in a single uplink sub-frame

Network Architecture

Samsung Confidential Information Official Commitment will be made in a formal form Up to the best of Samsung’s knowledge 12

Samsung Confidential Information Official Commitment will be made in a formal form Up to the best of Samsung’s knowledge

Embedded Laptop Dongle type Mobile Phone

LTE Network Architecture II

NodeB NodeB

RNC

NodeB NodeB

RNC

GGSN

SGSN

• RNC: Radio Network Controller

• SGSN: Serving GPRS Support Node

• GGSN: Gateway GPRS Support Node

eNB

MME S-GW/P-GW

MME S-GW/P-GW

• eNB: evolved NodeB

• MME: Mobility Management Entity

• S-GW: Serving Gateway

• P-GW: PDN (Packet Data Network) Gateway

• EPC: Evolved Packet Core

eNB All radio interface functions, Resource allocation

MME Manages mobility, UE identity, Security parameters

S-GW Terminates the interface towards E-UTRAN

P-GW Terminates the interface towards PDN, UE IP address allocation

Samsung Confidential Information Official Commitment will be made in a formal form Up to the best of Samsung’s knowledge 14

Samsung Confidential Information Official Commitment will be made in a formal form Up to the best of Samsung’s knowledge

Interface & Protocol Stack

Serving GW PDN GW

S5/S8

a

GTP-U GTP-U

UDP/IP UDP/IP

L2

Relay

L2 L1 L1

PDCP

RLC MAC L1

IP Application

UDP/IP L2 L1

GTP-U

IP

SGi S1-U

MAC L1 L1

UE

SCTP

L2 L1

IP

L2 L1

IP SCTP

RRC

LTE-Uu

NAS

Relay

User plane Protocol Stack

Control plane Protocol Stack

eNB

RB Control Connection Mobility Cont.

eNB Measurement Configuration & Provision

Dynamic Resource Allocation (Scheduler)

EPS Bearer Control

Idle State Mobility Handling NAS Security

P-GW

UE IP address allocation Packet Filtering

 Yellow boxes → logical nodes

 White boxes → functional entities of the control plane

 Blue boxes → radio protocol layers

• RRM: Radio Resource Management

• RB: Radio Bearer

• RRC: Radio Resource Control

• PDCP: Packet Data Convergence Protocol

• NAS: Non-Access Stratum

• EPS: Evolved Packet System

E-UTRAN & EPC functions

S1-U S1- MME

Samsung Confidential Information Official Commitment will be made in a formal form Up to the best of Samsung’s knowledge 16

Multiple Access

- Spatial multiplexing, Multiuser MIMO

Peak Data rate

Downlink: 150Mbps (UE category 4, 2x2 MIMO, 20MHz)

300Mbps (UE category 5, 4x4 MIMO, 20MHz) Uplink: 75Mbps (20MHz)

LTE Key Parameters

Samsung Confidential Information Official Commitment will be made in a formal form Up to the best of Samsung’s knowledge 18

Samsung Confidential Information Official Commitment will be made in a formal form Up to the best of Samsung’s knowledge

Brief Introduction of OFDMA

Each sub-carrier carries a separate low-rate stream of data Sub-carriers

→ Orthogonal frequencies & independently modulated

Symbol duration >> channel delay spread

→ Much less ISI (Inter-Symbol Interference)

A guard time is added to each symbol

→ Cyclic Prefix in LTE

* Source: 3GPP TS25.892

Advantages & Disadvantages of OFDMA

Advantages

Scalable data rate Simpler channel equalizer than CDMA Robust against multipath fading by using CP Dynamic resource allocation considering channel information

→ Maximize throughput

Disadvantages

High PAPR (Peak-to-Average Power Ratio) Sensitive to frequency offset and clock offset Requires guard interval

→ Reduces throughput

Samsung Confidential Information Official Commitment will be made in a formal form Up to the best of Samsung’s knowledge 20

Samsung Confidential Information Official Commitment will be made in a formal form Up to the best of Samsung’s knowledge

CDMA & OFDM vs OFDMA

Transmission bandwidth Full system bandwidth Variable up to full system bandwidth

Symbol period Very short :

inverse of the system bandwidth

Very long : Defined by subcarrier spacing and independent of system bandwidth Separation of users Orthogonal spreading codes Frequency and time

OFDM vs OFDMA

DL/UL Multiplexing

DL Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA)

No Inter Symbol and multipath interference Frequency selective scheduling

Far improved MIMO performance

UL Single-Carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA)

No interference between intra cell users Low PAPR (Peak to Average Ratio)

IDFT: Invers Discrete Fourier Transform DFT: Discrete Fourier Transform

Samsung Confidential Information Official Commitment will be made in a formal form Up to the best of Samsung’s knowledge 22

Samsung Confidential Information Official Commitment will be made in a formal form Up to the best of Samsung’s knowledge

Frame Structure

Samsung Confidential Information Official Commitment will be made in a formal form Up to the best of Samsung’s knowledge 24

Samsung Confidential Information Official Commitment will be made in a formal form Up to the best of Samsung’s knowledge

Frame Structure Type 1: for FDD

Each radio frame is 10ms long and consists of 20 slots of length

0.5ms, numbered from 0 to 19

One slot, Tslot= 15360 Ts= 0.5 ms

One radio frame, Tf= 307200 Ts=10 ms

#18 One subframe

LTE Frame Structure

Frame Structure Type 2: for TDD

Special fields DwPTS, GP, and UpPTS in subframe #1 (always)

Frame Structure (TDD)

Special Sub-frame

DwPTS: used for downlink data transmission (varied from three up

to twelve OFDM symbols)

GP: guard period for the downlink-to-uplink

• Guard period must cover the maximum roundtrip propagation delay within the cell

• selected by taking eNB-to-eNB interference into account

• two to ten OFDM symbols, sufficient for cell sizes up to and beyond 100 km.

Samsung Confidential Information Official Commitment will be made in a formal form Up to the best of Samsung’s knowledge 26

Samsung Confidential Information Official Commitment will be made in a formal form Up to the best of Samsung’s knowledge

Resource Grid & Cyclic Prefix

* Source : 3GPP TS 36.211

Slot #0

-One DL slot (0.5 ms) Tslot

N Resource block  N resource elements

RB 1

k  N N 

DL symb

N OFDM symbols

0.5 ms * 180 kHz

Configuration

No of subcarrie

rs / RB

No of symbols/ RB



 f

kHz 5 7



 f

RBsc

N NsymbDL

kHz 15

( )  f  7 5 kHz 33.33 for l=0,1,2

Asymmetric UL/DL Capacity Allocation

Single sub-frame for UL and 8times sub-frame for DL per 10ms frame

If maximally boosting UL capacity, then we can have 3 sub-frame for

UL and single sub-frame for DL per 5ms

UE is informed about UL/DL configuration via SIB-1, which is broadcast via Broadcast Channel (BCH)

UL/DL Configuration

Samsung Confidential Information Official Commitment will be made in a formal form Up to the best of Samsung’s knowledge 28

Samsung Confidential Information Official Commitment will be made in a formal form Up to the best of Samsung’s knowledge

Special Sub-frame Configuration

Primary synchronization signal

Secondary

synchronization

signal

5 Reserved Slot #10

FDD

Synchronization Channel

Primary Synchronizing Signal(PSS)

Using non-coherent detection, estimate 5msec timing and

physical-layer identity(Cell ID Group)

Channel estimation information for SSS

Secondary Synchronizing Signal(SSS)

Physical-layer identity(Cell ID) is obtained

Radio-frame timing(10msec) identification

Samsung Confidential Information Official Commitment will be made in a formal form Up to the best of Samsung’s knowledge 30

Samsung Confidential Information Official Commitment will be made in a formal form Up to the best of Samsung’s knowledge

FDD

TDD

Synchronization Channel (FDD vs TDD)

Multiple Antenna Technique

Samsung Confidential Information Official Commitment will be made in a formal form Up to the best of Samsung’s knowledge 32

Samsung Confidential Information Official Commitment will be made in a formal form Up to the best of Samsung’s knowledge

• Performance improvement vs WCDMA

• Simpler receiver implementation

• Larger UL cell coverage than OFDMA

IDFT: Invers Discrete Fourier Transform DFT: Discrete Fourier Transform

DL Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access(OFDMA)

No Inter Symbol and multipath interference Frequency selective scheduling

Far improved MIMO performance

UL Single-Carrier FDMA(SC-FDMA)

No interference between intra cell users Low PAPR(Peak to Average Radio

PMI: Precoding Matrix Information CDD: Cyclic Delay Diversity

Supports 2X2, 4X2, 4X4 MIMOs, rank-r transmission, where

Samsung Confidential Information Official Commitment will be made in a formal form Up to the best of Samsung’s knowledge 34

Samsung Confidential Information Official Commitment will be made in a formal form Up to the best of Samsung’s knowledge

Allocate the same resource blocks to

Multiple UEs

→ Improves spectrum efficiency

Selection of better link antenna (with single TX RF at the UE)

→ Improves link performance

LTE Feature Introduction

Samsung Confidential Information Official Commitment will be made in a formal form Up to the best of Samsung’s knowledge 36

Scheduler supports the standardized QoS class indicators (QCIs)

QCI: QoS Class Identifier PDB: Packet Delay Budget b/w UE and PGW (Soft upper bound) (3GPP TS23.203) PELR: Packet Error Loss Rate GBR: Guaranteed Bit Rate

QCI Resource Type Priority PDB PELR Example Services

1

GBR

2 100 ms 10-2 Conversational Voice

2 4 150 ms 10-3 Conversational Video (Live Streaming)

4 5 300 ms 10-6 Non-Conversational Video (Buffered Streaming)

5

Non-GBR

1 100 ms 10-6 IMS Signalling

6 6 300 ms 10-6 Video (Buffered Streaming), TCP-based (e.g., www,

e-mail, chat, ftp, p2p file sharing, progressive video, etc.)

7 7 100 ms 10-3 Voice, Video (Live Streaming), Interactive Gaming

300 ms 10-6 Video (Buffered Streaming), TCP-based (e.g., www,

e-mail, chat, ftp, p2p file sharing, progressive video, etc.)

Standard QoS Classes

SON Feature Overview

Rollout of the LTE leads to

Rapidly expanding number of Base Stations (new sites) Parallel operation of 2G, 3G and LTE

Much higher complexity in network infrastructure and network management (Operation & Maintenance)

Self-Organizing Network(SON) aims to configure and optimize the LTE network automatically by

Samsung Confidential Information Official Commitment will be made in a formal form Up to the best of Samsung’s knowledge 38

Samsung Confidential Information Official Commitment will be made in a formal form Up to the best of Samsung’s knowledge

2Rx diversity Assumed in performance requirements across all LTE UE categories

LTE UE category data rates

LTE UE category modulation formats supported

LTE UE category modulation formats supported

LTE Evolution

Samsung Confidential Information Official Commitment will be made in a formal form Up to the best of Samsung’s knowledge 40

Samsung Confidential Information Official Commitment will be made in a formal form Up to the best of Samsung’s knowledge

3GPP Work Plan for IMT-Advanced

Specification

Work Item Study Item

3GPP LTE stabilized on March 2009

Schedule of study/work item for LTE-Advanced

Early submission: Sep.2008 LTE-Advanced complete technical submission: Jun.2009 Release of Specification of LTE-Advanced: around 1Q 2011

3GPP Target of LTE-Advanced

Better performance than IMT-Advanced requirements

Key Technologies for LTE-Advanced

Peak Data Rate improvement

Support for large bandwidths (up to 100Mhz)

- Aggregation of contiguous/non-contiguous carriers)

DL MIMO enhancement

- Further performance improvement for 4X4 MIMO(LTE baseline 2X2)

- 8X8 MIMO is also considered

UL SU-MIMO support

- Introduce 2X4 or even 4X4 MIMO (LTE baseline 1X2)

Sector/cell throughput improvement

Advanced DL MU-MIMO with 8 Tx antenna Multi-stream dedicated beamforming

Cell edge performance improvement

Relay-coverage extension eICIC for deployments of heterogeneous networks