Test bank for 2014 nutrition an applied approach, 4th edition

full file at http://testbankcorner.eu Exam Name _ MULTIPLE CHOICE Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question 1) Which of the following is TRUE about essential fatty acids? A) No vegetables contain essential fatty acids B) Consumption of essential fatty acids raises an individual's risk for cardiovascular disease C) The body produces essential fatty acids D) We need to obtain omega-3 fatty acids and omega-6 fatty acids from food Answer: D Explanation: A) B) C) D) 2) Which of the following food items would contain the highest amount of saturated fat? A) canola oil B) butter C) skim milk D) steamed broccoli Answer: B Explanation: 3) A) B) C) D) 4) One of the two essential fatty acids is alpha-linolenic acid What is the other one? A) cis B) linoleic C) butyric D) cholesterol Answer: B Explanation: 2) A) B) C) D) 3) What role polyunsaturated fatty acids play in the brain and spinal cord? A) They regulate calcium within normal ranges B) They block the production of vessel-clogging cholesterol C) They deplete the brain's glycogen levels D) They help transmit information between cells of the brain and spinal cord Answer: D Explanation: 1) A) B) C) D) 4) full file at http://testbankcorner.eu 5) How many Calories does 25 grams of fat provide? A) 2,250 kilocalories C) 225 kilocalories Answer: C Explanation: B) 23 kilocalories D) 100 kilocalories A) B) C) D) 6) A fatty acid that contains a chain of ten carbons and one double bond is a A) monounsaturated, long-chain fatty acid B) monounsaturated, medium-chain fatty acid C) saturated, long-chain fatty acid D) saturated, medium-chain fatty acid Answer: B Explanation: 8) A) B) C) D) 9) Research has found the strongest association between dietary fat intake and what type of cancer? A) breast B) prostate C) lung D) colon Answer: B Explanation: 7) A) B) C) D) 8) The American Heart Association advises consumers to A) avoid butter and margarine all together B) choose butter over trans fat free margarine C) use mayonnaise instead or butter or margarine D) choose trans fat free margarines over butter Answer: D Explanation: 6) A) B) C) D) 7) Where in the body are the majority of triglycerides stored for future energy needs? A) liver B) adipose tissue C) lipoproteins D) beta cells of the pancreas Answer: B Explanation: 5) A) B) C) D) 9) full file at http://testbankcorner.eu 10) Fatty acids released from storage travel in the blood attached to the protein A) methionine B) lysine C) albumin Answer: C Explanation: D) cysteine A) B) C) D) 11) Which of the following ingredients would alert you to the likely presence of trans fatty acids in a product? A) lecithin B) liquid corn oil C) vitamin E D) partially hydrogenated vegetable oil Answer: D Explanation: D) at least 14 14) A) B) C) D) 15) Which of the following is a fat replacer? A) phosphate B) olestra Answer: B Explanation: 13) A) B) C) D) 14) The process of adding hydrogen to an unsaturated fatty acid and creating a more solid fat is called A) deamination B) hydrogenation C) emulsification D) pressurization Answer: B Explanation: 12) A) B) C) D) 13) Medium-chain fatty acids are how many carbon atoms in length? A) B) C) at least Answer: C Explanation: 11) A) B) C) D) 12) What is the daily recommended intake of saturated fat? A) no more than 5% of total energy intake B) no more than 10% of total energy intake C) as little as possible D) no more than 2% of total energy intake Answer: B Explanation: 10) C) trans fat A) B) C) D) D) saccharin 15) full file at http://testbankcorner.eu 16) Nuts are a good source of A) lean protein C) healthful unsaturated fats Answer: C Explanation: 16) B) sodium D) unnecessary Calories A) B) C) D) 17) Which of the following fatty acids is generally solid at room temperature? A) saturated B) monounsaturated C) short-chain D) polyunsaturated Answer: A Explanation: 17) A) B) C) D) 18) Which of the following health problems has been associated with consumption of fat replacers? A) hypertension B) elevated blood cholesterol levels C) mild gastrointestinal discomfort D) allergies Answer: C Explanation: A) B) C) D) 19) The major form of fat in both food and the body is A) glycerols B) triglycerides Answer: B Explanation: C) sterols D) phospholipids 20) A) B) C) D) 21) Which of the following foods are rich sources of monounsaturated fatty acids? A) safflower and corn oils B) coconut and palm oils C) olive oil and cashew nuts D) butter and lard Answer: C Explanation: 19) A) B) C) D) 20) Sex hormones and adrenal hormones are substances derived from which class of lipid? A) phospholipids B) fatty acids C) triglycerides D) sterols Answer: D Explanation: 18) A) B) C) D) 21) full file at http://testbankcorner.eu 22) How many double bonds does a saturated fatty acid contain between carbons? A) none B) one C) two D) more than two Answer: A Explanation: A) B) C) D) 23) The vast majority of fat digestion and absorption occurs in the A) stomach B) liver C) large intestine Answer: D Explanation: D) small intestine 25) A) B) C) D) 26) How much trans fat is recommended in the diet? A) 20% of total energy intake C) 9% of total energy intake Answer: B Explanation: 24) A) B) C) D) 25) One of your friends is trying to decrease his intake of saturated fat Which of the following items would you recommend he choose to add to his coffee? A) half-and-half B) fat-free milk or 1% milk C) whipping cream D) nondairy creamer Answer: B Explanation: 23) A) B) C) D) 24) Which of the following is a rich source of omega-6 fatty acids? A) flax seed oil B) margarine made from corn or safflower oil C) leafy green vegetables D) salmon Answer: B Explanation: 22) B) as little as possible D) 3% of total energy intake A) B) C) D) 26) full file at http://testbankcorner.eu 27) The Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for fat is what percentage of total energy intake? A) no more than 35% B) no more than 20% C) no more than 50% D) no more than 15% Answer: A Explanation: A) B) C) D) 28) Which type of fatty acid has hydrogen atoms located on the same side of the double bond? A) trans B) glycerol C) saturated D) cis Answer: D Explanation: C) olestra D) cholesterol 30) A) B) C) D) 31) A triglyceride is comprised of A) three glycerols and one phospholipid C) three phospholipids and one glycerol Answer: D Explanation: 29) A) B) C) D) 30) Yesterday Nadia consumed 250 grams of carbohydrate, 75 grams of protein, and 60 grams of fat What percentage of Calories of her day's intake came from fat? A) 29% B) 15% C) 13% D) 35% Answer: A Explanation: 28) A) B) C) D) 29) The most common sterol in our diet is A) phytosterol B) stanol Answer: D Explanation: 27) B) three glycerols and one fatty acid D) three fatty acids and one glycerol A) B) C) D) 31) full file at http://testbankcorner.eu 32) Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) can be derived in limited quantities from A) cholesterol B) linoleic acid C) trans fat D) alpha-linolenic acid Answer: D Explanation: A) B) C) D) 33) Which of the following are NOT major classes of dietary lipids? A) phospholipids B) glycogens C) triglycerides Answer: B Explanation: 35) A) B) C) D) 36) Saturated fats are A) found primarily in foods derived from plants B) protective for our health C) liquid at room temperature D) found in whole milk and beef Answer: D Explanation: 34) A) B) C) D) 35) Which of the following are excellent sources of unsaturated fats? A) meat B) nuts and nut butters C) full-fat dairy products D) beans and rice Answer: B Explanation: D) sterols 33) A) B) C) D) 34) Which of the following statements is FALSE about sterols? A) Cholesterol is the most common sterol found in the human diet B) The human body produces sterols C) Sterols contain a glycerol backbone and one fatty acid D) Sterols are found in both plant and animal foods Answer: C Explanation: 32) 36) A) B) C) D) full file at http://testbankcorner.eu 37) Which of the following groups would have the lowest risk for toxicity from eating shark and other fish with high levels of environmental contaminants? A) children B) breastfeeding women C) pregnant women D) teenage boys Answer: D Explanation: A) B) C) D) 38) Which of the following foods contains hidden fats? A) chocolate cake B) butter Answer: A Explanation: C) olive oil D) zucchini 40) A) B) C) D) 41) Which of the following will help keep saturated fat intake at a healthy level? A) avoiding fatty fish, such as salmon B) choosing hydrogenated vegetable shortening instead of butter C) eating fewer than 1,500 cal per day D) keeping cholesterol intake below 300 mg/day Answer: D Explanation: 39) A) B) C) D) 40) Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding the process of hydrogenation? A) Hydrogenation makes a product more solid at room temperature B) Hydrogenation is the process in which hydrogen atoms are added to double bonds C) Hydrogenation creates a "heart healthy" product D) Hydrogenation creates trans fatty acids Answer: C Explanation: 38) A) B) C) D) 39) Which lipoprotein transports dietary fat out of the small intestine? A) sterol B) low-density lipoprotein (LDL) C) phospholipid D) chylomicron Answer: D Explanation: 37) A) B) C) D) 41) full file at http://testbankcorner.eu 42) Which of the following is NOT a function of fat in the human body? A) Fat maintains the integrity of cell membranes B) Fat provides insulation to help retain body heat C) Fats make us feel hungry D) Fat assists in the transport of fat-soluble vitamins Answer: C Explanation: 42) A) B) C) D) 43) To facilitate the digestion of dietary fats, the gallbladder stores and releases a substance known as A) lipase B) bile C) bicarbonate D) hydrochloric acid Answer: B Explanation: A) B) C) D) 44) Why are phospholipids NOT essential nutrients? A) Our bodies manufacture phospholipids B) Beneficial GI bacteria produce phospholipids C) Phospholipids are not naturally found in the healthy body D) Phospholipids serve no useful function in the human body Answer: A Explanation: 44) A) B) C) D) 45) Which of the following is a rich source of monounsaturated fatty acids, yet neutral in flavor, making it a good choice for cooking oil? A) canola oil B) coconut oil C) corn oil D) butter Answer: A Explanation: 45) A) B) C) D) 46) A key component(s) of a cell's membrane is/are A) triglycerides B) estrogen Answer: C Explanation: 43) C) phospholipids A) B) C) D) D) glycerol 46) full file at http://testbankcorner.eu 47) Which of the following organs does NOT assist in the digestion of lipids? A) liver B) large intestine C) pancreas Answer: B Explanation: D) gallbladder A) B) C) D) 48) Which of the following describes lipids? A) inorganic nutrients that are insoluble in fat B) organic nutrients that are insoluble in fat C) inorganic nutrients that are insoluble in water D) organic nutrients that are insoluble in water Answer: D Explanation: 48) A) B) C) D) 49) What is the primary form of fat in the diet? A) phospholipids B) sterols Answer: C Explanation: C) triglycerides D) glycerols 50) A) B) C) D) 51) Which of the following foods contain a large quantity of saturated fatty acids? A) cottonseed and corn oils B) cashew nuts and almonds C) olive and canola oils D) palm kernel and coconut oils Answer: D Explanation: 49) A) B) C) D) 50) In people who are physically active, extra fat consumed in the diet is stored first in A) adipose cells B) the liver C) lymphatic tissue D) muscle tissue Answer: D Explanation: 47) A) B) C) D) 10 51) full file at http://testbankcorner.eu 52) Diets high in trans and what other type of fatty acid contribute to chronic diseases, including heart disease and cancer? A) saturated B) polyunsaturated C) monounsaturated D) linoleic Answer: A Explanation: A) B) C) D) 53) The label on a box of chocolate cookies claims that they are "low-fat." By law, each serving must contain A) less than 0.5 grams of fat B) at least 50% less fat as compared to a standard serving C) at least 25% less fat as compared to a standard serving D) grams or less of fat Answer: D Explanation: 55) A) B) C) D) 56) Which of the following is a rich source of polyunsaturated fatty acids? A) butter B) beef fat C) corn oil Answer: C Explanation: 54) A) B) C) D) 55) The spherical compounds made up of bile and phospholipids that transport dietary fat into the intestinal mucosal cells are the A) chylomicrons B) albumins C) salivary enzymes D) micelles Answer: D Explanation: 53) A) B) C) D) 54) Which of the following types of fat is required to be listed on the Nutrition Facts Panel by the U.S Food and Drug Administration? A) sterols B) phospholipids C) trans fatty acids D) essential fatty acids Answer: C Explanation: 52) A) B) C) D) 11 D) coconut oil 56) full file at http://testbankcorner.eu 57) During exercise, which of the following triggers the breakdown of stored fat? A) insulin B) lipoprotein lipase C) estrogen D) adrenaline Answer: D Explanation: A) B) C) D) 58) Which of the following species of fish would likely contain the highest levels of contaminants? A) mahi-mahi B) flounder C) swordfish D) salmon Answer: C Explanation: 59) A) B) C) D) 60) Fat leaves the chylomicron and moves into adipose cells when the chylomicron comes into contact with A) insulin B) trypsin C) adrenaline D) lipoprotein lipase Answer: D Explanation: 58) A) B) C) D) 59) Which of the following statements is TRUE about trans fatty acids? A) They are made by the body in large quantities B) They are created during the hydrogenation process C) They decrease the risk of developing heart disease D) They are found only in plant products Answer: B Explanation: 57) 60) A) B) C) D) TRUE/FALSE Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false 61) Lipids that contain multiple carbon-ring structures are known as phospholipids Answer: True Explanation: False 62) The human body cannot make cholesterol; thus, it is an essential nutrient we must consume in our diet in moderation Answer: True Explanation: 61) False 12 62) full file at http://testbankcorner.eu 63) Lipids can be either solid or liquid at room temperature Answer: True Explanation: False 64) Saturated fats are typically liquid at room temperature Answer: True Explanation: 73) False 74) Americans consume adequate amounts of linoleic acid but not enough ALA, EPA, or DHA Answer: True Explanation: 72) False 73) Studies show that the use of fat replacers will reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and obesity Answer: True Explanation: 71) False 72) Triglycerides, phospholipids, and glycerols are the three types of lipids commonly found in foods Answer: True Explanation: 70) False 71) Even if the Nutrition Facts panel states g trans fats, the product could still have 1/2 g of trans fat per serving Answer: True Explanation: 69) False 70) Fat is digested more easily than carbohydrate or protein Answer: True Explanation: 68) False 69) Fat is the most energy-dense of all the macronutrients Answer: True Explanation: 67) False 68) Invisible or "hidden" fats are ones that are translucent at room temperature Answer: True Explanation: 66) False 67) Short- and medium-chain fatty acids are absorbed and transported more quickly than long-chain fatty acids Answer: True Explanation: 65) False 66) Saturated fatty acids can occur in either a cis or trans shape Answer: True Explanation: 64) False 65) Unless labeled as zero trans fatty acids, most margarines will have more trans fatty acids than butter Answer: True Explanation: 63) False 13 74) full file at http://testbankcorner.eu 75) Plant fats provide 80-90% of their energy from saturated fats Answer: True Explanation: False 76) Lipids with a glycerol backbone and two fatty acids with a phosphate group are known as sterols Answer: True Explanation: 82) False 83) The term "monounsaturated" describes a fatty acid containing one double bond between two carbon atoms along the chain Answer: True Explanation: 84) False 85) Women are advised to avoid all fish products during pregnancy Answer: True Explanation: 83) False 84) People attempting to lose weight will be most successful if they limit their consumption of fat to less than 15% of kilocalories Answer: True Explanation: 81) False 82) Only plants can synthesize cholesterol Answer: True Explanation: 80) False 81) Olive oil, canola oil, and cashew nuts are rich in monounsaturated fatty acids Answer: True Explanation: 79) False 80) If an ingredient label indicates a product contains partially hydrogenated oils, it will almost assuredly contain trans fats Answer: True Explanation: 78) False 79) In general, animal-based fats are high in saturated fats Answer: True Explanation: 77) False 78) In 2006 the Food and Drug Administration issued an optional recommendation to list the amounts of trans fatty acids on the Nutrition Facts panel of food products Answer: True Explanation: 76) False 77) Several recent research studies have indicated people who eat an ounce or two of nuts each day in addition to their usual diet did NOT gain weight as would be expected from their increased caloric intake Answer: True Explanation: 75) False 14 85) full file at http://testbankcorner.eu 86) Cashews are high in saturated fats Answer: True Explanation: 86) False ESSAY Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper 87) One of your friends has decided to purchase a chitosan supplement to help her lose weight She is convinced the $40 for a one-month supply is worth it if she can just lose 10 pounds After examining the data, how would you counsel your friend? Does the data convince you that fat blockers are worth the money and the side effects? Answer: Answers will vary 88) Describe the role that fats play in the structure of a cell and its primary functions Answer: Answers will vary 89) Describe some specific steps you could take to select foods with a healthier fat content when you are grocery shopping and when you are eating at a restaurant Answer: Answers will vary 90) Discuss the impact of environmental contaminants on the current recommendations for safe fish consumption How does this relate to the advice to consume abundant sources of omega-3 fatty acids? Answer: Answers will vary 91) What is hydrogenation? Why food manufacturers utilize this process, and what are the potential health impacts of hydrogenation? Answer: Answers will vary 92) Explain the current scientific understanding of the influence of a diet high in saturated fats on the development of cardiovascular disease and cancer Answer: Answers will vary 15 full file at http://testbankcorner.eu Answer Key Testname: C5 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) 10) 11) 12) 13) 14) 15) 16) 17) 18) 19) 20) 21) 22) 23) 24) 25) 26) 27) 28) 29) 30) 31) 32) 33) 34) 35) 36) 37) 38) 39) 40) 41) 42) 43) 44) 45) 46) 47) 48) 49) 50) D B D B C B B D B C D B C B B C A C B D C A D B B B A D D A D D B C B D D A D C D C B A A C B D C D 16 full file at http://testbankcorner.eu Answer Key Testname: C5 51) 52) 53) 54) 55) 56) 57) 58) 59) 60) 61) 62) 63) 64) 65) 66) 67) 68) 69) 70) 71) 72) 73) 74) 75) 76) 77) 78) 79) 80) 81) 82) 83) 84) 85) 86) 87) 88) 89) 90) 91) 92) D A D C D C D C B D FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE TRUE FALSE TRUE FALSE TRUE FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE TRUE TRUE TRUE FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE Answers will vary Answers will vary Answers will vary Answers will vary Answers will vary Answers will vary 17 ... fat to less than 15% of kilocalories Answer: True Explanation: 81) False 82) Only plants can synthesize cholesterol Answer: True Explanation: 80) False 81) Olive oil, canola oil, and cashew nuts... safflower and corn oils B) coconut and palm oils C) olive oil and cashew nuts D) butter and lard Answer: C Explanation: 19) A) B) C) D) 20) Sex hormones and adrenal hormones are substances derived... more than two Answer: A Explanation: A) B) C) D) 23) The vast majority of fat digestion and absorption occurs in the A) stomach B) liver C) large intestine Answer: D Explanation: D) small intestine