Applying some techniques to teach how to learn vocabulary of english effectively at bim son upper secondary school

Applying some techniques to teach how to learn Vocabulary of English effectively at Bim Son upper secondary school Part A- INTRODUCTION Reasons for choosing the research Vocabulary represents one of most important skills necessary for teaching and learning a foreign language It is the basis for the development of all the other skills: reading comprehension, listening comprehension, speaking, writing, spelling and pronunciation Vocabulary is the main tool for the students in their attempt to use English effectively When confronted with a native English speaker, when watching a movie without subtitle or when listening to a favorite English song, when reading a text or when writing a letter to a friend, we will always need to operate with words Specially in the entrance exam recently, a number of vocabularies increasingly year by year However, most of the students are afraid of learning vocabulary because it is very difficult to remember and boring to learn it Recognizing these disadvantages With all my effort in thinking, exploring, exchanging, discussing with other colleagues in the education sector along with the rubbing practical work experience in teaching English in high school for nearly 19 years, I strongly share some ideas, thoughts through the initiative Applying some techniques to teach how to learn vocabulary of English effectively at Bim Son upper secondary school Hopefully that the results of this research will be on why vocabulary is important, on what makes words difficult, on the main reasons for which students often forget the words they learn and the method of learning vocabulary of English specialized students in Bim Son upper secondary school The objectives of the study: + Improve the quality of teaching and learning of English at Bim Son upper secondary school + Increase a number of new words for students + clarify the difficulty of vocabulary, the efficient strategies used by students in vocabulary learning, and to find what strategies have a positive effect on the students’ vocabulary learning In addition, research will be done in order to investigate what methods the students with good learning efficiency Scope of the study The study focuses on some classes (from 2014 to 2017) at Bim Son upper secondary school Measures carried out: In order to get the data for the study, I design a questionnaire and ask the informants to answer In addition, the data was collected by interviewing students After students completed the questionnaires, the data will be calculated and analyzed in tables and figure Along with study the textbooks, read the relevant documents, design to teach vocabulary, practise it on classes, observe, get feedback from students, based on the results achieved, learn by experiences Then find the best way to teach new words Vu Thi Thanh Nhan Bim Son upper secondary school Applying some techniques to teach how to learn Vocabulary of English effectively at Bim Son upper secondary school PART B - CON TENT Theoretical basis: Vocabulary is central to English language teaching because without sufficient vocabulary students cannot understand others or express their own ideas Wilkins (1972) wrote that “ while without grammar very little can be conveyed, without vocabulary nothing can be conveyed” (p 111–112) This point reflects my experience with different languages; even without grammar, with some useful words and expressions, I can often manage to communicate Lewis (1993) went further to argue, “lexis is the core or heart of language” (p 89) Particularly as students develop greater fluency and expression in English, it is significant for them to acquire more productive vocabulary knowledge and to develop their own personal vocabulary learning strategies Students often instinctively recognize the importance of vocabulary to their language learning As Schmitt (2010) noted, “learners carry around dictionaries and not grammar books” (p 4) Teaching vocabulary helps students understand and communicate with others in English Voltaire purportedly said, “Language is very difficult to put into words.” I believe English language students generally would concur, yet learning vocabulary also helps students master English for their purposes Vocabulary, as an integral part of a language, plays a crucial part in the language learning process The primary thing in learning a language is the acquisition of a vocabulary, and practice in using it Vocabulary is the basic factor necessary for mastering a language The purpose that we learn second language is for communication When we learn a language, we need to master four skills, which are listening, reading, speaking and writing Meanwhile, vocabulary knowledge is fundamental to them One cannot understand a sentence without knowing what most of the words mean The lack of vocabulary knowledge affects all the four language skills Talking about the importance of vocabulary, the linguist David Wilkins argued that: "without grammar little can be conveyed, without vocabulary nothing can be conveyed." [6] Indeed, people need to use words in order to express themselves in any language Most learners, too, acknowledge the importance of vocabulary acquisition In my experience as a student, I noticed the fact that students usually find it difficult to speak English fluently We usually consider speaking and writing activities exhausting because we keep on using the same expressions and words and very soon our conversation is abruptly interrupted due to missing words And the main reason for such communication problems is the lack of vocabulary Other students are confronted with the problem of forgetting the words immediately after the teacher has elicited their meaning or after they have looked them in the dictionary, and this also a cause of the lack of vocabulary The more words students learn, the easier they memorize them Practical background Vu Thi Thanh Nhan Bim Son upper secondary school Applying some techniques to teach how to learn Vocabulary of English effectively at Bim Son upper secondary school Currently, At upper secondary schools, the new English curriculum that requires students to develop all four skills equally is being applied Vocabulary accounts for 30-40% in the paper test To ensure proper and adequate teaching as well as to vocabulary well, teachers need to research, collect and use many forms for practice, conform to the conditions of each school’s facility to be able to raise the level of English for students Before studying this thesis, I often give students some questions to find out differences in learning new words Question 1: Do you have an interest in learning vocabulary? A very much B much C not so much D not at all Figure Opinions Number Percentage Very much 5% Much 12 30% Not so much 18 45% 20% Not at all Figure From above table, we can deduce that less students are interested in learning vocabulary (only 5% ) as well as many students not fell inquisitive in learning vocabulary There could be many reasons First, it is a chore for a mind that they need to remember it so since it is their second language they would prefer not to learn vocabulary instead pushing themselves to learn English directly Another reason could be that some teachers force their students to learn just the vocabulary rather than making them practice speaking English Using the previous learnt vocabulary which leads students to loose interest in learning new vocabulary Question 2: What are your difficulties in learning vocabulary? This chart showing the language level of Bim Son students: Opinion Number Difficult to remember 18 Indistinguishable from adjectives, verbs, adverbs Frequently misses vocabulary Percentage 45% 14 35% 20% From about table, we can deduce that there are many difficulties in learning vocabulary, especially remembering vocabulary problem is popular in students Also, indistinguishable from adjectives, verbs ,adverbs or miss vocabulary are challenges for learning vocabulary of Bim Son students Question 3: Please tick the methods you used in English vocabulary learning Opinion Listening and reading Vu Thi Thanh Nhan Number 10 Percentage 25% Bim Son upper secondary school Applying some techniques to teach how to learn Vocabulary of English effectively at Bim Son upper secondary school Collecting list of words 20% Listening a word in a sentence 14 35% Reading English books, magazines in spare time 20% Above table shows that the methods Bim Son student used in English vocabulary learning are diversified It is said that listening a word in a sentence is the most popular methods However, another thought that listening and reading method or reading English books, magazines in spare time is successful for them… On the whole, each student has different methods to learn vocabulary but which method is the most effective? It seems that nobody has detail answer The findings showed that the students still faced the problems or difficulties in vocabulary learning Kinds of difficulties faced by students in vocabulary learning were various Kinds of difficulties faced by the students were: First, almost all of the students have difficulties in pronouncing the words Second, how to write and spell Third, the different grammatical form of a word known as inflections was one of causes of students’ difficulties in learning vocabulary In addition, the students found difficulties in choosing the appropriate meaning of the words and also still confuse in using the word based on the context At last, the students were also still confused when they found words or expressions that were idiomatic There were some factors that caused students’ difficulties in learning vocabulary They are - the written form is different from the spoken form in English - The number of words that students need to learn is exceedingly large - the limitations of sources of information about words - The complexity of word knowledge Knowing a word involves much more than knowing its dictionary definition - the cause of lack of understanding of grammatical of the words - the incorrect pronunciation is often caused by the lack of sound similarity between English and the students native language.[1] On the way to explore the experience, accumulate materials and learn from colleagues, attend extra training courses I have applied the combination of modern teaching methods and traditional one in the vocabulary lessons effectively The solutions 3.1 Answering the questions “Why learning vocabulary is difficult?” Learning vocabulary is a very important part of learning a language The more words you know, the more you will be able to understand what you hear and read; and the better you will be able to say what you want to when speaking or writing The vocabulary we know can be divided into two groups - passive Vu Thi Thanh Nhan Bim Son upper secondary school Applying some techniques to teach how to learn Vocabulary of English effectively at Bim Son upper secondary school vocabulary and active vocabulary Passive vocabulary contains all the words that you understand when you read or listen, but which you not use (or cannot remember) in your own writing and speaking Active vocabulary is all the words you understand, plus all the words that you can use yourself Special problems involved in vocabulary understanding, they can also be understood by the context and the dictionary Usually the first things you learn about a new English word are what it means and its translation in your own language But there are other things you need to find out before you can say that you know a word like a native speaker does For example, you have to learn: how it is spelled, how it is pronounced, how it is inflected (i.e how it changes if it is a verb, noun or adjective), other grammar information about it, how it collocates (i.e what other words are often used with it) Learning vocabulary seems to be one of the easiest things about learning a language, but it's also one of the hardest things to do, especially when you have reached a certain level Learning vocabulary needs practice and time and in our days time is a problem We can face some difficulties, such as: Deciding which words are worth learning There are a lot of words in English compared with many other languages, and it is impossible to know them all - even native speakers frequently meet words they have never seen before in their reading Another problem can: Be how to organize our vocabulary: Most people find that it's useful to organize the vocabulary they write down in some ways, either to break the words/phrases into groups for learning, to show relationships between similar words, or to make it easier to find a particular word Here are some ways of classifying your vocabulary that you might consider: according to alphabetical order; the order in which you found the words; topics; situations; 'families' of similar word meanings; frequency of occurrence Remembering vocabulary: (Vocabulary learning has largely been construed as a memory problem) seems to be another difficulty for vocabulary learners One of the biggest problems with vocabulary learning is that what’s ‘learned’ today is often forgotten tomorrow 3.2 Some suggestions to help the students improve their vocabulary items Learning vocabulary: it must be the most interesting element of learning a language And perhaps the most controversial To bring a fantastically useful advice on learning vocabulary in your target language, a bunch of experts, authors, translators were asked the following question: if there were one method for learning vocabulary that you’d recommend to the world, which one would it be? The following replies create a bomb of extremely balanced advice and give the opportunity to judge for yourself how to best go about learning more words in your target language 3.2.1 Never learn a single word by itself [4],[5] Vu Thi Thanh Nhan Bim Son upper secondary school Applying some techniques to teach how to learn Vocabulary of English effectively at Bim Son upper secondary school Learn groups of words that “travel” together For instance, instead of memorizing the word “flock”, memorize the phrase “a flock of sheep” Instead of remembering the verb “to occur ” remember the phrase “ if any problems occur” When you remember phrases instead of single words, you ensure that you know how to use the word in at least one sentence 3.2.2 There’s just basically no way around memorizing a bunch of words So put the words where you will see them as often as possible: on a wall, in a notebook you carry around, on your computer desktop, etc That way you can get in more review “reps” and memorize them more easily 3.2.3 The next interesting method is learning languages through creative storytelling [1] By reading engaging stories (aimed at the student’s level) language learners can begin to build emotional and sensory contexts around new vocabulary Instead of just studying isolated words by rote, new vocabulary can be memorized quicker and deeper because it is linked to characters, places and relationships, just like in real life 3.2.4 Another tip for learning vocabulary is to describe the world around you regularly in the language you’re learning [5] This exposes gaps in the vocabulary and gives the opportunities for active recall For instance, one can try to describe what a man crossing the street is wearing And then one can ask himself: Do I know the name for all his items of clothing in my target language? Do I know all of the colors? If there’s a woman pushing a pram, I know the word for “pram” in my foreign language? When one is exposed to something he doesn’t know he needs to write it down and lock it up later The possibilities for this method are endless 3.2.5 Another method is to make the target language relevant (e.g tag familiar things around one’s home using the target language, which should also include such things as shopping lists etc.) This helps to raise the language above the level of merely a code to something that has relevance to the way you live 3.2.6 Embed your new language into your life and into your daily routine, not the other way around Vocabulary varies with the situations in which you find yourself All you need to is to find a pattern with which you can repeat your newly acquired words regularly Vary the situations and ways in which you review your vocabulary, write the words, listen to them, spell them, be creative and play with them Don’t lock yourself in the room, as learning in such way will be exactly what you don’t want it to be: dull and isolating Another tip: be aware of yourself and your goals Don’t limit your studying to preconceived notions or set situations given by somebody else What you talk about in your native language? Saying something in your new language will become much easier Vu Thi Thanh Nhan Bim Son upper secondary school Applying some techniques to teach how to learn Vocabulary of English effectively at Bim Son upper secondary school once you really want to say it Your way of learning changes with your mood Develop a sense of what works best for you straight away [1],[4] 3.2.7 If you’re a visual learner, a great way to improve vocabulary is by reading and writing For reading, the fastest way to learn is to pick up a bilingual book As you find words you don’t know, you can simply look at the translation on the facing page Writing is helpful since it forces one to use the dictionary and look up words one is likely to need again 3.2.8 Pat Wyman, the founder and CEO of How To Learn Com states that the best way to recall vocabulary is via pictures with association Neuroscience says this makes memory stronger and faster If you connect a picture of the word in your mind with what it reminds you of then when you want to recall the word, you look up and see the image and the connection of what it reminds you of For instance, a Portuguese word Lago means lake If you draw a log in a lake, then take a mental snapshot of it and look up during your test to recall the image, connected to the lake, you will recall that lago means lake 3.2.9 The founder of Unlimited Spanish, Oscar Pellus, states that the brain loves context This approach to learning is about to learn full phrases instead of just words Oscar says that it’s easy to create a picture in our minds when we see a phrase because something is happening The more vivid the image is, the better it will be learned Also, instead of just being limited to phrases, one can learn words through stories, through texts Stories are built up of phrases, and therefore they have the advantages as they provide a much richer context, because many things are going on in the story This way the brain can learn in a more subconscious, natural and deeper way, making it easier to write and speak the target language 3.2.10 The last, but not least is home study using language learning software.[4] It has become one of the most popular ways of learning a language in the modern day There are a number of reasons for this, including study – time flexibility, a multi – faceted approach to learning and a far more affordable way to study than simply attending classes or hiring a tutor The great thing about the newer language learning software platforms is that they utilize the best learning techniques and create an interactive package for the learner For instance, a teacher can be present through video to motivate and engage as they would in the classroom; audio is provided for on the go learning via digital devices, and reading literature is provided to diversify the experience away from the computer To conclude, there are a number of language learning methods one can employ to speed up the process of learning a new language and enriching the vocabulary The success of the method is based on a number of factors as age, personality, amount of time one has to spare What works for one person doesn’t Vu Thi Thanh Nhan Bim Son upper secondary school Applying some techniques to teach how to learn Vocabulary of English effectively at Bim Son upper secondary school work for another, and therefore it is worth considering each of the methods to determine the method best suited to personal circumstances 3.3 Adapting some kinds of exercises through teaching vocabulary If students learn new words without practice, they will forget them afterward Thus, practice make perfect Realizing that important point, I often give students many kinds of exercises to practise Firstly, I teach vocabulary cling to the tasks of textbook With this request form, the students are all passive, under develop thinking language, abuse of "good book" to cope, or students using the old books have answers already, even the teachers are doing on behalf of the students, too For example , when teaching the World Cup in textbook 10- Unit 14, I give them some pictures about football or famous people From those pictures to lead to the lesson.[2] Picture 1: Teacher: What you know about the football team in the picture? Student: It is the French football team, the championship in the World Cup 2018 Teacher: What is the man holding? Student : It is a trophy In these answers, students can answer in Vietnamese if they don’t find English words Then, teacher introduces two new words: championship, trophy and students will remember them easily thanks to picture Vu Thi Thanh Nhan Bim Son upper secondary school Applying some techniques to teach how to learn Vocabulary of English effectively at Bim Son upper secondary school Picture2: Teacher introduces the situation: The boy in the picture is kicking the ball now What does the word “kick” mean? Students: kick /kɪk/ (v): hit someone or something with foot With this method, students will remember the meaning of the word “kick” rapidly and easily Secondly, sometimes I organize a number of activities such as games to support but does not test, not score, or check but fail to attract all students For example : In unit in English 11, I introduce the new words related to the post office by playing games ( Jumble words) [3] The teacher introduces the situation: I give you some words which are not in order, you rearrange them to make the new words TAPMS -> stamp TTLEER -> letter REPAPSWEN -> newspaper LAIM-> mail LECRAP-> parcel After students find new words, I ask them to guess the topic today and students will give the correct answer Thirdly, When teaching vocabulary, I often give synonym or antonym to increase quantity of lexical items Vu Thi Thanh Nhan Bim Son upper secondary school Applying some techniques to teach how to learn Vocabulary of English effectively at Bim Son upper secondary school - namely = for example = for instance = that is - also = similar = likewise = in the same way - thus = hence = therefore = so - although = though = despite = in spite of = despite the fact that - at the same time= meanwhile= simultaneously - necessary = vital = essential - interesting = intriguing - gain = achieve = attain =obtain = acquire > < lose - depict = describe= portray - wealthy= rich= well-off = affluent >< poor= impoverish= destitute - advantage = benefit >< detrimental= shortcoming= weakness= disadvantage - giant= vast=huge= tremendous= very large - resemble= look like= take after = the same as = similar to Finally, one of the content of GCSE exam and entrance examination that all students are worrying is that there are a lot of types of the vocabulary exercises To well these exercises, students need to have extensive and various new words and practise them regularly Exercise 1: Write the missing parts and then complete the following sentences with the appropriate form of the words in parentheses.[3] Vocabulary Part of speech Vietnamese meaning poor adj nghèo, bần cùng, xấu, kém, đáng thương → poverty noun cảnh nghèo nàn, cảnh bần → poorly adv tồi tàn, xấu, cỏi danger → dangerous → dangerously → endanger → endangered technique → technical Vu Thi Thanh Nhan Bim Son upper secondary school 10 Applying some techniques to teach how to learn Vocabulary of English effectively at Bim Son upper secondary school → technician → technology necessary → necessity → necessarily short → shorten → shortage She has been worn down by and illness (poor) It is very to drive so fast (danger) They wish to become ………so that they can use their……… knowledge to help in constructing and testing (technique) Is there any …………………………….…to treat her so badly? (necessary) After the hot summer, there was a ……………… of water (short) Key: poverty dangerous technician/ technical necessity shortage Exercise 2: Choose the best answer from A, B, C, D After the hot summer, there was a ……………………………… of water A short B shortage C shorten D A& C Is there any ……………………………… …to treat her so badly? A necessarily Key: B necessary C necessity D need B C Exercise 3: Fill each blank with the correct form of the words given following passage Homework is a part of every student’s school life (FORTUNATE), many of them (APPROVE) of the amount of homework they are given, and find it particularly (FAIR) when they have to study a lot before a test This makes them feel 4_ (ANXIETY) and some even become physically sick Vu Thi Thanh Nhan Bim Son upper secondary school 11 Applying some techniques to teach how to learn Vocabulary of English effectively at Bim Son upper secondary school when under pressure Others sometimes find it (POSSIBLE) to complete their homework, which makes teachers believe it’s an act of disobedience Key: unfortunately disapprove unfair anxious impossible Exercise 4: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions It was inevitable that the smaller company should merge with the larger one A vital B unnecessary C urgent D unavoidable With the dawn of space exploration, the notion that atmospheric conditions on Earth may be unique in the solar system was strengthened A outcome B beginning C expansion D continuation In most countries, compulsory military service does not apply to women A superior B mandatory C beneficial D constructive The house is convenient for the kid’s school A far from B uncomfortable C comfortable D opposite In the 1920s, amateur theater performances benefited poor families and other charitable causes A untrained B inexperienced C non-profit D nonprofessional Whenever problems come up, we discuss them frankly and find solutions quickly A clean B encounter C arrive D happen The soil must be kept damp at all times or the plant will die A bright B arid C sober D moist Do you think English is a comparatively easy language to learn? A easily B comparably C increasingly D relatively He was asked to account for his presence at the scene of the crime A complain B explain C exchange D change 10 Despite its reputation, the concert hall suffered from several detrimental renovations over the years A dangerous B significant C extreme D harmful Key: 1.D, 2.B ,3.B, 4.C, D, D, 7.D, D, 9.B, 10.D Exercise 5: Choose the best answer Vu Thi Thanh Nhan Bim Son upper secondary school 12 Applying some techniques to teach how to learn Vocabulary of English effectively at Bim Son upper secondary school Apart from those three very cold weeks in January, it has been a very winter A plain B soft C pale D mild E calm The best student in each class will a prize at the end of term A catch B receive C possess D prove E reward There is real concern that food supplies will not be to feed the increasing world population A sufficient B satisfactory C equal D measured E effective You must obtain from the landowner to fish in this river A permit B freedom C permission D right E allowance The local tourist bureau will send you _ about hotels in the area A knowledge B information C news D notice E advertisement The _ of ice-cream sold increases sharply in the summer months A account B amount C count D number E size When he beat the carpet, the rose in clouds A dust B soil C mud D earth E powder Because of the fine weather, we had all our classes in the _ air A full Key: B clear C open D thin E outside 1.D, 2.B ,3.A, 4.C, B, B, 7.A, C Exercise 5: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions Alice Walker has written book of poetry and short stories, a biography, and several novels She is probably best known for her novel The Color Purple, published in 1982 The book vividly narrates the richness and complexity of black people – especially black women – in Georgia in the 1920s and 1930s Although the novel came under bitter attack by certain critics and readers, it was applauded by others and won both the American Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize for fiction It became a bestseller, selling over million copies, and it was made into a successful film by a noted director, Steven Spielberg The novel reveals horror, drudgery, and joy of black life in rural Georgia It gets much of its special flavor from its use of the words, rhythm, and grammar of Black English and from its epistolary style Telling a story through letters was a narrative structure commonly used by eighteen-century novelists, but it is not often used in contemporary fiction Unlike most epistolary novels, which have the effect of distancing the reader from the events described by the letter writer, The Colour Purple uses the letter form to draw the reader into absolute intimacy with the poor, uneducated, but wonderfully observant Celia, the main character Vu Thi Thanh Nhan Bim Son upper secondary school 13 Applying some techniques to teach how to learn Vocabulary of English effectively at Bim Son upper secondary school of the novel So the reader applauds when Celie, like William Faulkner‘s character Dilsey, does not simply survive, but prevails The word “joy” is closest in meaning to …………… A gladness B sorrow C upset D unhappiness The word “vividly” is closest in meaning to …………… A intellectually B graphically C surprisingly D temporarily Which of the following is closest in meaning the word “fiction” in the passage? A imagination B reality C truth D document The word “prevails” is closest in meaning to ……………… A triumph Key: B yield C lose D fail 1.A, 2.B ,3.A, 4.A In brief, These types of exercises will help students amass a considerable vocabulary, using synonyms, antonyms with different shades of the context These exercises will also help teachers check up the students’ vocabulary after each period Applicability: I have applied this research during many years to teach my students and make them more interested After each lesson, I learn from experience and adding complementary activities, students’ vocabulary ability is significantly increased With these activities, we can apply to all pupils Depending on the content of the lesson whether it is simple or complex + For gifted students, we can guide them to self-practice documents, and of course the higher requirements, ask them to learn new words according to topics Achievements: Results Over time application of new solutions, the quality of the class subject is increasingly high, as evident from the results of student in the school good students’ tests (several consecutive years) and graduation results in recent years After applying in some classes at some lessons during three Teacher tests students about vocabulary and get the following results: Research Findings Vu Thi Thanh Nhan Before Research years, After Research Bim Son upper secondary school 14 Applying some techniques to teach how to learn Vocabulary of English effectively at Bim Son upper secondary school Students’ The students have limited vocabulary and they have difficulty in making sentences and take the exam with the low results The students have large number of vocabularies The students speak confidently and make up sentences easily The The achievement of achievement vocabulary test is low From accuracy test: of students’ test score +The students who get score -3 in pre-test: 25 students +The students who get score in pre-test: students +The students who get score in pre-test: 12 students +There is no student who get over score in pre-test The achievement of vocabulary test is improved From accuracy test: + The students who get score 2-3 in final post- test: students + There are 16 students who get score in final post-test + There are 11 students who get score in final post-test + There are 10 students who get over score in final post-test The Classroom Atmosphere - The students are interested in taking part in learning new words when the teacher applied some techniques - The students are more active and want to be participated actively in teacher’s test vocabulary - The students feel bored with the teaching and learning process - The students are afraid when teachers check up new words Through the entrance examinations, a number of students get high marks are increasing, specially, students don’t lose marks in the lexis exercises 5.2 Meaning of themes for teaching and learning vocabulary This topic gives our teachers more visibility into teaching English in a more effective way Teachers can choose to adapt them to suit their abilities Therefore, students will feel more excited and the quality of lessons will be improved In addition, the students no longer hesitate as much as before, many of them enjoy learning new words because they have getting more and more familiar with the new method Vu Thi Thanh Nhan Bim Son upper secondary school 15 Applying some techniques to teach how to learn Vocabulary of English effectively at Bim Son upper secondary school PART C Conclusion Recommendations After analyzing all activities carried out while teaching language in the class and the results of pupils’ progress, various recommendations should be given as follow: * For the teachers: - Provide the vocabulary beforehand can be topics - Diagnose problems faced by students who have difficulty in learning new words themselves and help them to overcome to it * For the students: Try to choose the best way to learn new words that is suitable for themselves * For the Department of Education and Training: - Provide more reference materials, visual aids for the subject - Organize seminars and workshops to help teachers learn from each other and improve their teaching quality Conclusion: To conclude, there are a number of language learning methods one can employ to speed up the process of learning a new language and enriching the vocabulary The success of the method is based on a number of factors as age, personality, amount of time one has to spare What works for one person doesn’t work for another, and therefore it is worth considering each of the methods to determine the method best suited to personal circumstances Vocabulary is the most required skill when learning a foreign language It is on vocabulary that all the other skills, reading, writing, speaking, and listening are based and developed This research has shown why it is important to learn new words and why English vocabulary is difficult to memorize And finally, it has suggested methods and techniques that help to understand the new vocabulary by using the working memory and to transfer it in the long-term memory Based on the theories, the findings and the analysis, the present study arrives at the conclusions This study revealed that problems or difficulties faced by the students in vocabulary learning were various The difficulties faced by the students were almost all of the students have difficulties in pronouncing the words, how to write and spell, the different grammatical form of a word known as inflections was one of causes of students difficulties in learning vocabulary In addition, the students found difficulties in choosing the appropriate meaning of the words and also still confuse in using the word based on the context The last, the students are also still confuse when they found words or expression that are idiomatic There were some factors that caused students’ difficulties in learning vocabulary (1) the written form is different from the spoken form in Vu Thi Thanh Nhan Bim Son upper secondary school 16 Applying some techniques to teach how to learn Vocabulary of English effectively at Bim Son upper secondary school English, (2) The number of words that students need to learn is exceedingly large, (3) the limitations of sources of information about words, (4) The complexity of word knowledge Knowing a words involves much more than knowing its dictionary definition, (5) causes of lack of understanding of grammatical of the words, (6) the incorrect pronunciation is often caused by the lack of sound similarity between English and the students’ native language In summary, the design of adapting activities in addition to the form of teaching assignments in textbooks, reference books are essential in order to develop students' thinking, promote positive, proactive, and be confident in communication and meet the requirements of the examination in the following years I hope that this study would be of some value to both teachers and students in their language teaching and learning process Especially, I am looking forward to my colleagues reading and contributing comments so that this subject can become an innovation in teaching and learning speaking skill Sincerely thank you! CONFIRMATION OF HEAD master Bim Son , May 20 th, 2019 Statement of authorship I hereby acknowledge that this study is mine, The date and findings discussed in the thesis are true, used with permission from associates and have not been published elsewhere Author Vu Thi Thanh Nhan Vu Thi Thanh Nhan Bim Son upper secondary school 17 ... Thanh Nhan Bim Son upper secondary school Applying some techniques to teach how to learn Vocabulary of English effectively at Bim Son upper secondary school Currently, At upper secondary schools,... What works for one person doesn’t Vu Thi Thanh Nhan Bim Son upper secondary school Applying some techniques to teach how to learn Vocabulary of English effectively at Bim Son upper secondary school. .. thanks to picture Vu Thi Thanh Nhan Bim Son upper secondary school Applying some techniques to teach how to learn Vocabulary of English effectively at Bim Son upper secondary school Picture2: Teacher