ENGLISH ADVERBS OF MANNER AND TYPICAL ERRORS MADE BY THE STUDENTS AT LE HONG PHONG SPECIALISED SECONDARY SCHOOL, NAM DINH CITY

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VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI COLLEGE OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES POST GRADUATE DEPARTMENT PHẠM KIM ANH ENGLISH ADVERBS OF MANNER AND TYPICAL ERRORS MADE BY THE STUDENTS AT LE HONG PHONG SPECIALISED SECONDARY SCHOOL, NAM DINH CITY (Trạng từ chỉ cách thức trong Tiếng Anh và những lỗi thường gặp của học sinh trường Trung học phổ thông chuyên Lê Hồng Phong, Nam Định) MA thesis Field : English Linguistics Code : 602215 Hanoi - August, 2008 VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI COLLEGE OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES POST GRADUATE DEPARTMENT PHẠM KIM ANH ENGLISH ADVERBS OF MANNER AND TYPICAL ERRORS MADE BY THE STUDENTS AT LE HONG PHONG SPECIALISED SECONDARY SCHOOL, NAM DINH CITY (Trạng từ chỉ cách thức trong Tiếng Anh và những lỗi thường gặp của học sinh trường Trung học phổ thông chuyên Lê Hồng Phong, Nam Định) MA thesis Field : English Linguistics Code : 602215 Supervisor: Assoc.Prof.Dr.Trần Hữu Mạnh Hanoi - August, 2008 Declaration I hereby certify that this thesis is the result of my own study submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Arts, and that the thesis in whole or in part has not been submitted for a higher degree in any other tertiary institution. Acknowledgements It is the fact that this study cannot be accomplished without the assistance from many people. First of all, I would like to express my great gratitude to my supervisor, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Trần Hữu Mạnh for his enthusiastic assistance and useful and constructive comments on the content and organization of the study, which I consider as a great contribution to the fulfillment of the study. My thanks go to all the teachers of the Post graduate course 14 at Vietnam National University, College of Foreign Languages, Hanoi for their useful lectures. Next, I also thank all the students at Le Hong Phong specialised secondary school, Nam Dinh city for their cooperation. Without their help I could not collect the necessary and sufficient data for the study. Last, let me thank all the members of my family, especially my parents for their help and encouragement throughout my research. Abstract This study aims at analyzing typical errors made by the students at Lê Hồng Phong specialised secondary school, Nam Dinh city in using English adverbs of manner with the hope to improve teaching and learning this grammatical item at the school. Also, the author wished that it would encourage teachers and learners to pay more attention to English grammar. The study consists of three main parts. The first part presents the rationale, the aims, the scope, the methods and the organization of the study. The second part with two chapters reviews the literature related to English adverbs of manner and analyze actual errors made by the subjects. This part also suggests some solutions to the improvement of teaching this grammatical item. The third part summarizes what has been done in the study and gives suggestions for further research. Table of contents Acknowledgements Abstract Table of contents List of tables, figure and chart Abbreviations Page PART I - INTRODUCTION 1 I. Rationale of the study 1 II. Aims of the study 2 III. Scope of the study 2 IV. Methods of the study 2 V. Organization of the study 3 PART II – DEVELOPMENT 4 CHAPTER I – LITERATURE REVIEW 4 I.1. An overview of adverbs of manner in English 4 I.1.1. What are adverbs of manner? 4 I.1.2. Formation of adverbs of manner 5 I.1.3. Position of adverbs of manner. 11 I.1.4. Classification of adverbs of manner. 13 I.1.5. The differing functions of adverbs of manner and corresponding adjectives. 14 I.1.6. English adverbs of manner compared with Vietnamese adverbs of manner. 15 I.1.7. Adverbs of manner used in comparison. 16 I.2. Error and error analysis. 19 I.2.1. Definition of error. 19 I.2.2. Error analysis. 20 I.2.3. Causes of errors. 21 I.2.3.1. Interference errors 21 I.2.3.2. Intralingual errors 22 I.2.3.3. Developmental errors 23 CHAPTER II-THE STUDY 25 II.1. Methodology. 25 II.1.1. The methods used in the study. 25 II.1.2. The subjects of the study 25 II.1.3. The instrument for collecting data. 26 II.1.4. Data collection and data analysis. 27 II.2. Findings and solutions. 30 II.2.1. Types of errors. 30 II.2.2. Probable causes of errors. 32 II.2.2.1. Interlingual errors. 33 II.2.2.2. Intralingual errors. 33 II.2.2.3. Developmental errors. 35 II.2.3. Suggested solutions to teaching adverbs of manner effectively. 36 II.2.3.1. For the presentation stage. 36 II.2.3.2. For the practice stage. 37 PART III – CONCLUSION 41 III.1. Summary of the thesis 41 III.2. Suggestions for further study 41 References i Appendix 1 iii Appendix 2 v List of tables, figure and chart Table 1. Results of the students’ performance in doing the tasks Table 2. Types of errors found in the study Table 3. Probable causes of errors Figure 1. Psycholinguistic sources of errors Chart 1. Results of the subjects’ performance in doing the six tasks Abbreviations C.A: Contrastive analysis E.A: Error analysis E.g: Example Qty: Quantity SLA: Second language acquisition . GRADUATE DEPARTMENT PHẠM KIM ANH ENGLISH ADVERBS OF MANNER AND TYPICAL ERRORS MADE BY THE STUDENTS AT LE HONG PHONG SPECIALISED SECONDARY SCHOOL, NAM DINH CITY. What are the formation and uses of English adverbs of manner? 2. What are the typical errors in using adverbs of manner made by students at Lê Hồng Phong