Đổi mới hoạt động ngoại khóa trong dạy học lịch sử ở trường trung học phổ thông (vận dụng qua dạy học ở tỉnh nghệ an) tt tiếng anh

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HANOI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION PHAM TIEN DONG INNOVATING EXTRA – CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES IN TEACHING HISTORY AT HIGH SCHOOLS (APPLIED IN TEACHING AT NGHE AN PROVINCE) Major: Theory and Methodology in Teaching History Code: 9.14.01.11 SUMMARY OF DOCTORAL THESIS IN EDUCATIONAL SCIENCE HANOI, 2019 The thesiss complete at: HANOI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION Supervisors: Assoc Prof Dr Kieu The Hung, Hanoi National University of Education Assoc Prof Dr Tran Viet Thu, Vinh University Examiner 1: Assoc Prof Dr Tran Duc Minh; Nam Dinh Teacher Training College Examiner 2: Dr Vu Thi Ngoc Anh; Viet Nam Institute of Education Science Examiner 3: Assoc Prof Dr Dao Tuan Thanh; Hanoi National University of Education The thesis is presented in the university level examination board in Hanoi National University of Education at … date … month … year … The thesis is available at: - National Library, Hanoi - Library of Hanoi National University of Education INTRODUCTION The urgency of the study 1.1 Educating the young generation is always a special concern of every nation, nation as well as all humanity Our Party and State always affirmed that education and training together with science and technology are the top national policies, aiming to raise the people's intellectual standards, train human resources, foster talents and be a basic element to distribute social development In order to carry out this strategic task, the fundamental and comprehensive innovation of education and training has been set as an immediate and both urgent and long-term need Referring to this issue, the Resolution of the 11th National Party Congress (2011) emphasizes: "Rapid development of human resources, especially high-quality human resources, focusing on innovation of apartments and comprehensive national education ” The Resolution of the 12th National Congress of the Party considered the "fundamental and comprehensive innovation of education and training; developing high quality human resources ”is one of the strategic breakthroughs in the central tasks of our country's revolution in the renovation period That basic spirit and view has been concretized in Resolution No 29-NQ / TW dated November 4, 2013 of the Party Central Committee (XI): "Developing education and training is to improve people's intellectual standards training human resources, fostering talents Strongly transform the educational process from mainly equipped with knowledge to comprehensive development of capacity and learner qualities The Education Law of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (Article 2, amended in 2009 and Article 28, amended by 2010), also emphasizes on the goal of current education to train Vietnamese people to develop comprehensively and effectively morality, knowledge, health, aesthetics and occupation, loyal to the independent and socialist ideals, forming and fostering the personality, quality and capacity of citizens, meeting the requirements national construction and defense industry, in which the method of general education must promote the activeness, self-awareness and initiative of students, in accordance with the characteristics of each class, subjects and fostering methods self-learning, training skills to apply knowledge into practice, impacting emotions, bringing joy, interesting learning for students 1.2 Being a subject with a great advantage and a great responsibility in traditional education, patriotism and national pride for the younger generation, historical teaching activities in high schools always receive the Special attention of the whole society Last time, quality teaching history, besides the progress and innovation, still has many limitations and shortcomings Exciting students for history, the results of learning history as well as the awareness of the younger generation to the history of the nation, also left many concerns, worries and unresponsive is expected of society Therefore, along with teaching in general, the problem of innovation and quality improvement of teaching history in high school, is also set as one of the urgent requirements Teaching history innovation in high school is a comprehensive and comprehensive innovation, from content, programs, textbooks (textbooks) to methods, means and ways of organizing teaching, in which the transition from content approach to capacity development orientation, along with the enhancement of extracurricular activities (history of activities) as well as activities associated with the reality of social life, are considered important points key of innovation process 1.3 Nghe An is a land with a long tradition of history At the time of building the country, Nghe An was the southernmost center of Dong Son civilization On the banks of Ca river, there have been many crowded settlements with a high level of development of material and spiritual life In every era, the people of Nghe An are always together with the people of the country to stand side by side in the struggle against enemies in the enemy Every step of the nation's history always has bold imprints of the land and Nghe people Nghe An is also home to many national heroes and cultural celebrities of Vietnam and the world Every piece of land here is bold with the evidence of history It is a land of Nam Dan - a place to nurture great souls such as Phan Boi Chau, Nguyen Ai Quoc; the land of Hung Nguyen together with Vinh - Ben Thuy, the places that have gone into the history of "heavenly class struggle, landslides"; still there are Anh Son, Nghi Loc, Nam Dan, the earliest formations of the first Soviet government in the whole country Besides the evidence of history, Nghe An is also the homeland of dating , gentle, smooth folk songs All have made a region of culture - history of Nghe An, with great value in teaching history in particular and educating the young generation today in general The majestic historical tradition and unique cultural identity of the land of "spirituality, masterpiece" of Nghe An is the source of invaluable strength and properties of traditional educational activities for the younger generation including the general and extracurricular activities of History in particular The history of the History Department has a role and position in front of the current requirements for innovation and accordingly, how the renewal of the Curricula of History must be conducted, both in terms of content, form and Specific measures at high schools in general and high schools in Nghe An province in particular These are big issues, which have important implications not only in theory but also directly affect Historical teaching activities ' practice in high schools today With such an approach, we have chosen the problem: Innovating extracurricular activities in teaching History at high schools (Applied in teaching at Nghe An province) as my thesis topic and I hope that the research results will contribute to the process of innovation and quality improvement of teaching history in high schools today Research subjects and scope 2.1 Research subjects The research object of the thesis is the process of renovation of extra-curricular activities at high schools, which focuses mainly on content, forms and innovative solutions 2.2 Research scope The topic focuses mainly on studying the innovation of historical and cultural activities at high schools, from theoretical and practical basis to content, form and specific innovation solutions The results of theoretical research of the thesis will be applied practically and experimentally implemented at high schools in Nghe An province Research objectives and tasks 3.1 Research objectives The purpose of basic research of the project is the renewal of extracurricular activities in teaching history at high schools, from theoretical, practical and solutions The research results of the project, after being applied and tested at high schools in Nghe An province, will be useful references in the course of research, teaching, learning history and contributing to certain the process of innovation and improving the quality of historical teaching in high school today 3.2 Research tasks In order to achieve the above objectives, in the research process, the thesis should perform the following specific tasks: - Learn documents and works of psychology, education, historical education on the theory of contracting in teaching in general and teaching history in particular; - Learn the history textbook program at high school to determine the contents to be exploited by extracurricular activities organization and propose innovative solutions to organize historical activities at high schools; - Find out the current status of organizing historic activities in high schools in Nghe An province; - Experimental pedagogy to confirm the feasibility of the topic Theoretical background and research methods 4.1 Theoretical background Our research is based on the views of Marxism-Leninism, Ho Chi Minh's thought, our Party and State's views on historical and educational history 4.2 Research methods 4.2.1 Theory research Study the views of the classic authors, the documents of Education, Psychology, Educational history related to the topic Study programs and textbooks at high schools to determine the contents that need to be inherited and innovated in the organization of historical extracurricular activities at high schools 4.2.2 Practical research Investigation and practical survey on teachers and students at high schools in the province of Nghe An to have a basis to draw conclusions about the status of organization of human rights in teaching history at high schools today Prepare plans and contents of the extracurricular activities organization to conduct partial and full experiment of pedagogical experiment to check the feasibility of the proposed proposals Using mathematical statistical methods, SPSS data processing and analysis software to process survey results, surveys and pedagogical experiments Scientific hypothesis and contribution of the thesis 5.1 Scientific hypothesis extracurricular activities in teaching history at high school today, besides the advantages need to inherit and promote, there are still many limitations and shortcomings If applying the research results of the topic, related to solutions implemented to renew the extracurricular activities in teaching history at high schools, it will overcome the above limitations and shortcomings and make certain contributions to teaching history quality improvement and improvement program at high school today 5.2 Contribution of the thesis - Affirming the position and meaning of the renewal of extra-curricular activities in teaching history in high school - Sketch the picture of the current status of extra-curricular activities in teaching history at high schools today (through surveys in Nghe An province) - Proposing solutions on content, form and measures to implement the renewal of extracurricular activities in teaching history at high schools Scientific and practical significance Research results of the thesis have very important meaning in theory and practice: 6.1 Theory Contributing to and enriching the theory of teaching history method in high school related to the subject matter 6.2 Practicality Research results of the thesis are suggestions and references for general history teachers, researchers, graduate students, master students and students of universities and colleges in the research rescue, teaching and learning related to historical education The layout of the thesis In addition to the Introduction, Conclusion, Reference and Appendix, the main content of the thesis consists of four four structural chapters as follows: Chapter Literature review Chapter Renewing extracurricular activities in teaching history at high schools - Theory and practice Chapter Solutions to innovate extracurricular activities in teaching history at high schools Chapter Pedagogical experiment CHAPTER LITERATURE REVIEW Extracurricular educational activities in general and extracurricular activities in particular have an important position in teaching Therefore, this is one of the contents that have been interested by researchers for a long time in Psychology, Education and Theory of teaching methods of History 1.1 The research works on extracurricular activities in the field of teaching in general 1.1.1 In other countries In the history of education, the role of practice - an important basis of extracurricular activities - has been concerned for a long time The researchers of ancient and modern education always uphold the experience, learning coupled with learning and teaching associated with the reality of life, with objective reality, criticizing the educational form narrow within the school Extracurricular activities has been considered by many countries in the world as one of the key activities to educate and comprehensively develop students at all ages 1.1.2 In Vietnam Education researchers are also very interested and appreciate the role of extracurricular activities In their research works, researchers always emphasize the form of extracurricular activities as one of the forms of organization of teaching of the school, need a combination of two forms of internal and extracurricular Extracurricular activities are often not compulsory but depending on the interest, interests and aspirations of each student within the framework of the school's ability and conditions Extracurricular activities can be organized in many forms: collective class form, group type according to giftedness, type of learning, form of play, regular form and irregular form of celebrations or festivals Extracurricular activities can be organized in such forms as extracurricular groups, science clubs, scientific festivals, arts festivals, etc Researchers believe that organizing foreign activities The course is the resolution of the conflict between: the limitation of class time in the main curriculum, along with the continuous increase of knowledge that has created conflicts between the perceived need of students with the plan of the program Therefore, to solve this conflict, people organize extracurricular activities to create conditions for each student to expand, deepen knowledge, develop personal interests and abilities 1.2 Studies on extracurricular activities in the theory of teaching history 1.2.1 In other countries In the former Soviet Union, extra-curricular work in teaching has always been valued, which is reflected in the views of historical teaching theory researchers The studies of Soviet educators in addition to confirming the great role of extracurricular activities have analyzed and pointed out the basic forms of extracurricular activities, how to organize extracurricular activities These studies are not only valuable for Soviet education but also a theoretical foundation for socialist education and today In the research works of educators in England, France, and the US the extracurricular activities of schools are mentioned mainly focusing on: intellectual games , gala, music club, drama, sports, painting 1.2.2 In Vietnam Extracurricular activities of History is a new issue in historical research Historical educators have had many research projects on organizing the council activities of the subject Right from the sixties of the previous century, in the book "Extracurricular work in History" in high schools in middle and high schools by Prof.Dr Phan Ngoc Lien, Editor-in-Chief, (Education Publishing House, HN, 1968) presented the forms of extracurricular work in History such as reading books, telling stories, talking about history, social benefits, research , collecting materials, editing local histories, using local history in the extracurricular activitiess In the research work on teaching history Method, the authors have systematically presented the forms of organizing extracurricular activities in teaching, This is one of the mentioned projects with relatively complete activities that can be implemented in teaching history In addition to theoretical issues, the research works of Vietnamese scientists have also mentioned how to implement some typical activities such as: collecting local historical materials, organizing calendar games history… At the same time, point out the basic principles in extracurricular activities that are: Firstly, the content of extra-curricular activities must aim at implementing the training objectives of the school level, implementing the functions and tasks of the History Department in high schools, in order to contribute to the training of new social people tenet Secondly, extracurricular work is one side, a part of high school education; It must relate first to the mainstream program, in accordance with the age and level characteristics of the students in each class Thirdly, the teaching-learning methods used in the main course are also applied to extracurricular labor Fourthly, organizing extracurricular work needs to be compact, unobtrusive, formal Should coordinate with other subjects to be able to save time, effort but high quality education As an organization of historical parties, it is necessary to have literary activities based on the collection of local cultural materials 1.3 General comments on published works and issues that the thesis need to inherit and continue to study in the topic 1.3.1 General comments Firstly, extracurricular activities have a particularly important position, as such an integral part of the process of teaching in general schools and history teaching in particular This can be said to be one of the classic forms of teaching organization, with a long history and always positively impact the implementation of educational goals, especially the process of forming skills , true feelings, beliefs in students, to develop a comprehensive personality for the young generation The documents have systematically analyzed the need to organize extracurricular activities in the process of teaching in general and in history teaching in particular, considering the organization of extracurricular activities as a measure improve the quality of the subject's education, contribute to perfecting life skills and ability to create and selfstudy for students Secondly, the researchers also introduced and analyzed the forms of contracting history at high schools such as reading, storytelling, historical tours, historical games, and building classrooms These are the basic forms of organizing extracurricular activities in teaching history not only at the time of the research but have been maintained and developed since ancient times until now Besides, the works also show the principles and organizational measures, how to apply the extracurricular forms to practical activities to improve the effectiveness of education for the subject 11 students can express their passions about a particular field in the subject of Large History as well as their own talents, thus being expressed in a way most obvious Extracurricular educational activities are concepts that are included in the concept of educational activities It is an activity organized outside of the class hours of the course in order to continue and unify with the learning activities in the classroom, creating unity between education inside and outside the school, between the time of school and Summer time aims to contribute to the formation and development of student personality according to the training objectives, meeting the diverse requirements of society 2.1.1.2 Concept of innovation and renewal of extracurricular activities - Change According to the Vietnamese dictionary, "Innovation is the natural movement of all social phenomena, which is a concept used to refer to change, but must be a better, more progressive change than before, to respond Better response to new requirements of development "Is the process of inheriting the essence of the old and creating better, more creative new ones” - Renovating extracurricular activities Renovating extracurricular activities is the renewal of the content, forms and measures to organize extracurricular activities, so that extra-curricular activities are getting better and achieving optimal results before teaching innovation requirements current history 2.1.1.3 The essence of innovating historical extra curriculum activities Renewal of extracurricular activities does not mean denying existing forms of extracurricular activities, but the nature of historical extracurricular activity reforms is to change the way things are done, adjust content and images The formula for extra-curricular activities becomes more attractive, attracting more students, thereby promoting students' activeness during the implementation of extracurricular activities Now, students are not only passive subjects, enjoying extracurricular activities but students are also active in planning, implementing training, building programs and teachers only play a role of orientation, evoke for students to deploy Innovating historic extracurricular activities is to contribute to implementing the objectives of the subject, training the younger generation with dreams, ambitions, and pride in the homeland tradition, the country, and the subject's skills, possible the ability to manipulate historical problems to solve specific events of life 2.1.2 The basis of the research problem 2.1.2.1 Derived from the basic goal of the history course at high schools - About knowledge Know and understand the basic contents of the World 12 History from the dawn of human history to the year 2000 Understanding the development process and characteristics of human history through periods, stages, figures Socio-economic status, with a multi-dimensional perspective, comprehensive in all aspects Know and understand the basic contents of Vietnamese history from the beginning to the year 2000 Experiencing the periods, stages of development, the ups and downs of history, with the creativity and labor of his father, our people have gained many great achievements, creating material and spiritual values, making contributions to the history of human civilization, shaping the traditions and values of the Vietnamese nation - About skills Train and develop thinking for students such as recreating events, phenomena and characters, identifying the relationship between historical events, skills of analysis, evaluation, practice of subjects, self study for students c About attitude Forming students' behavior toward the achievements of human civilization, a positive attitude toward the current development of mankind, faith in the Party's leadership, admiration for with the generations of his father who went ahead, creating excitement for studying history On that basis, contributing to the development of: The capacity of the subject: The ability to reproduce, think, evaluate, the ability to apply historical knowledge to solve practical problems, explain the problems of the time what's happening Forming common capacities for students is: self-control and self-learning ability, communication and cooperation competencies, capacity to solve problems and create Fostering quality ideological attitudes, patriotic sentiments, strong political stance and arousing the attitude of responsibility of the individual to the homeland and the country Understand more about the current integration trend in order to have the right awareness and orient your own attitude towards life's problems 2.1.2.2 Derived from characteristics of historical knowledge in high school Extracurricular activities are conducted from historical knowledge characteristics in high school, of which three outstanding features are: nonrepeatability in both time and space; is the holistic, systematic nature of historical knowledge; consistency between "history" and "comment" For History in high school, this is a subject with a lot of knowledge content to convey, but the number of periods is quite modest, so to be able to provide, expand, improve historical knowledge needs to conduct extracurricular activities 2.1.2.3 Derived from the psychological cognitive characteristics of students Extracurricular activities only really effective when ensuring appropriate with the characteristics of psychology of students, particularly high school students: is the age of many changes in psychology and physiology This is the age where cognitive 13 maturity is not much, but it is the period when each individual always wants to assert his existence, the sense of personal development, while social awareness is limited This is also a very vulnerable age for psychological trauma, leading to misleading behavior compared to moral standards, so if not properly oriented, young people are easily disoriented, leading to rebellion and other activities This age witnessed a great change in thinking, physiological mind, so the extracurricular activities is especially necessary to form the personality for them, from the extracurricular activities, they understand more about society, understand more about civic responsibility for the family, about the so-called "adults" in thinking and acting, promote independence in their thinking This is also the age at which they begin to have orientations for their careers 2.1.2.4 Derived from the need of innovation in education today On November 4, 2013, the 8th Party Central Committee Executive Committee, XI course issued Resolution No 29-NQ / TW on fundamental and comprehensive innovation of education and training, meeting public requirements industrialization and modernization in the context of socialist-oriented market economy and international integration In particular, in history, the current quality of teaching and learning at high schools clearly faces many shortcomings, teaching and learning History must change to become an essential need 2.1.3 The role and meaning of innovation in extracurricular activities in teaching history at high schools today 2.1.3.1 Roles History extracurricular activities have a special importance, bringing great effects, contributing to a strong innovation in education and training methods, improving the quality of education The organization of extracurricular activities in teaching is a measure to implement the educational principle of our Party: learning is coupled with practice, reasoning is closely associated with practice and social life For the History Department, the renewal of extracurricular activities is also part of innovating the history of teaching methods to meet the objectives of the school 2.1.3.2 Meaning for students a About knowledge Improve understanding of traditional values of the nation, absorb and improve understanding of the good values of humanity; supplement, strengthen, improve and expand knowledge learned in class; have a sense of rights and responsibilities with oneself, family, school and society; have a sense of choice and career orientation for themselves 14 b About skills Strengthen the skills that have been formed from key programs such as independent study skills, cooperative learning skills, general skills for learning activities developing the forte's capacities c About attitude Having the right attitude towards the subject and shaping students the right attitude with the problems of life or when facing similar problems of life d About developing student capacity Along with the meaning of knowledge, attitudes and skills, extracurricular activities also has an important position in the development of student capacity, a highlight of the goal of innovation of education and training today, including some abilities Basic force: Subject capacity: Ability to reproduce, think, evaluate Recognizing the development law of mankind, the specific rules of countries, including Vietnam as a foundation to apply historical knowledge to solve practical problems, explain problems Current events developing the capacity to practice the subject From the reality of participating in the extracurricular activities, students will shape themselves the necessary competencies, forming for themselves a right way to live in accordance with the standards of Vietnamese youth in the period of industrialization and modernization country, that is: autonomy and self-learning capacity, communication and cooperation competencies, problem solving and creative competence 2.1.4 Some basic requirements when renewing extracurricular activities in teaching history in high school Extracurricular activities are one of the traditional forms of teaching organization, having an important position in the implementation of teaching tasks In order to conduct successful extracurricular activities, we need to follow the following basic requirements: - Determine properly the role and position of extracurricular activities before the renewal request - Ensuring teaching goals and orienting student capacity development - Ensuring inheritance in extracurricular activities innovation - Suitable for students and school conditions - Promoting the voluntariness and positive independence of students - Determining the right historical content and choosing the appropriate forms and measures to organize extracurricular activities 2.2 Practical basis The author has conducted a survey and assessment of the status of organizing extracurricular activities programs at high schools in Nghe An province, thereby pointing out the extracurricular activities that have been organized, the term 15 institutions of extracurricular activities and issues that need to be renewed in the history of extracurricular activities Table Levels of historical extracurricular activities in high school TT Activity name Vote % Reading 1746 79.11 Story telling history 1307 59.22 Talk history 1130 51.20 Exchange, discussion 1404 63.62 Participate in the traditional festival 1516 68.69 Historical tour 1296 58.72 History examination 1434 64.98 Historical festivals 349 15.81 Collection of local historical 1693 76.71 documents Table Student participation in historic extracurricular activities in high school Unit: % TT Activity name Participating Reading 79.1 Story telling history 59.2 Talk history 51.2 Exchange, discussion 63.6 Participate in the traditional festival 68.7 Historical tour 58.7 History examination 65.0 Historical festivals 75.7 Collection of local historical 76.7 documents No Participating 18.7 35.2 43.7 32.5 28.4 37.1 31.1 15.8 21.6 No answer 2.2 5.6 5.1 3.9 2.9 3.9 3.9 8.5 1.7 Thus, in chapter 2, we have clarified the theoretical and practical issues for renewing the history of extracurricular activities at high schools, pointing out the problems that exist, The cause of existence and preliminary orientation of innovation in extracurricular activities in history at Nghe An high school today 16 CHAPTER SOLUTIONS TO INNOVATE EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES IN TEACHING HISTORY AT HIGH SCHOOLS 3.1 Renovating the content of extracurricular activities The basic content of the Historical Program at high school consists of two parts: Vietnamese History and World History About world history: students will learn the development process of world history from the time of human appearance to 2000 About Vietnamese history: presenting a Vietnamese historical system from primitive to in 2000 In order to well implement extracurricular activities, the renovation of extracurricular activities should be implemented in the following directions: - Diversify historical content in renewal of extracurricular activities - Focus on exploiting historical content with high political significance and practical value in the extracurricular activities organization - Strengthen the exploitation of local historical knowledge in the renewal of content of extracurricular activities 3.2 Innovating forms of extracurricular activities Renovation of extracurricular activities is a synchronous innovation process, so together with content innovation, it is necessary to innovate in the form of organizational activities Organizational forms of extracurricular activities have been implemented in high school for a long time and have a very important role in teaching history However, due to the demand for innovation, besides the positive side, the organizational forms of extracurricular activities have revealed many limitations and shortcomings Therefore, it is necessary to innovate the organization form of extracurricular activities Only thing, innovation here is not a complete denial of the old, the tradition, but must have inheritance Therefore, we approach the renewal of the forms of extracurricular activities organized in high schools in two directions: Firstly, innovating in the form of traditional extracurricular activities is, apply some new forms in extracurricular activities 3.3 Some measures to innovate extracurricular activities In order to effectively implement the extracurricular activities, in addition to choosing the content and form, the measures taken play a very important role If the measure is well implemented, it will promote all activities and achieve the set 17 objectives Renovating measures to implement extracurricular activities should be implemented in the following directions: - Thoroughly grasp the viewpoint of teaching oriented students' ability to develop extracurricular activities Promoting the active and proactive role of students in teaching is one of the basic principles and contents of modern teaching Teaching in the direction of developing student capacity, one of the key highlights of current teaching innovation, is also derived from this basic point of view This is also one of the important contents in pedagogical measures to innovate and improve the quality of extracurricular activities in current schools Positive views and proactive role of students in organizing historical extracurricular activities in high schools are shown specifically in the way of organizing and implementing the extracurricular forms of History Teachers need to think about ways to create opportunities for students to be creative and proactive in extracurricular activities - Fully exploit the advantages of modern media in organizing extracurricular activities The modern media plays a very important role and is considered as one of the indispensable measures in conducting extracurricular activities The use of modern media can be done according to the content such as organizing listening to stories online, through clips, organizing virtual sightseeing activities thereby helping students access to many calendar content history that the program has not provided - Focusing on and improving the effectiveness of social activities in renewing extracurricular activities of the History Department Based on the analysis and assessment of the status of extracurricular activities in general and the implementation of extracurricular activities in high schools in Nghe An province in particular, the author has given the basic requirements in the implementation of change new forms of extracurricular activities, in which emphasizing extracurricular activities must derive from students' voluntary and appropriate with the practice, meeting the requirements of the subject, ensuring the teaching objectives and orientation to develop student capacity At the same time, the author also offers innovative solutions on the content, form and measures to conduct extracurricular activities of History at high schools However, the effective application of these solutions depends greatly on the capacity, the awareness, the professional responsibility, the mind, the level of managers and teachers at high schools 18 CHAPTER PEDAGOGICAL EXPERIMENT With the aim of verifying and confirming the feasibility of measures to renew extracurricular activities in teaching history at high schools that the thesis has proposed in Chapter 3; We conducted pedagogical experiment in all forms of typical extracurricular activities: Visiting history and historical festivals Besides, the organization of testing measures to organize a club themed history event The results of pedagogical experiment will be the basis for wide application in organizing the history of history subjects to improve the quality of teaching subjects 4.1 Experimental purpose - Affirm the right and necessary direction of the topic on the basis of theory and practice; thereby studying the feasibility and effectiveness of innovating the content, form and measures to organize historical extracurricular activities in high school - Analyzing and processing experimental results to assess the applicability of large scale - at public and non-public high schools in Nghe An province On that basis, supplement, amend and complete the topic at a wider and more complex scale 4.2 Experimental subjects and areas The history of history subject at high school has many forms, each form will have different innovation measures, in chapter 3, in the process of presenting innovative measures, we have implemented the forms Partial experiment, each measure at different high schools and different classes in the total experimental content, we choose two typical forms of extracurricular activities to conduct experiments: Organizing to visit the calendar use in the direction you practice as a tour guide and the organization of historical parties About the total experimental location: We selected Ethnic Minority Boarding School No 2, Nghe An province, this is a very special school, the students mainly come from the Western Nghe An countryside An, with mostly Thai people, went to Vinh City to study and was managed through concentration Therefore, their actual experience activities are not much The implementation of the experience at the Military Region IV Museum for the children is very necessary and meaningful For historical evening activities, we selected Le Viet Thuat High School as a place to experiment and verify measures This is a school with a long tradition of 19 Nghe An province and extracurricular activities always receive the attention of the school leaders For testing the organization of club-themed club activities, we chose Cua Lo High School, which is a school where most students are born and grow up associated with the sea and the island Therefore, choosing the issue of sovereignty and island is suitable for you and meets the requirements in local political tasks Contributing to educating the children to understand more about the Party's policies and guidelines as well as fostering the love for the homeland island 4.3 Methods of conducting and organizing experiments 4.3.1 Methods of conducting experiments Our approach includes: - Talk with the subject teacher, students about the content of the organized extracurricular activities, the aspects that have not been and are not yet supplemented and find ways to adjust the process of guiding the extra-curricular activities more appropriate - Guide students to implement extracurricular activities according to the planned plan - Monitor and record the evolution of students' activities; regularly exchange and meet students to assess the relevance of the content of extracurricular activities, methods to guide extracurricular activities of teachers and to assess the level of excitement and activeness of learning birth when participating in extracurricular activities organized - Evaluate the results of extracurricular activities through observed and observed results; through products that students have created; through the summary of activities; by exchanging ideas with students after participating in extracurricular activities 4.3.2 Organizing the experiences 4.3.2.1 Effectively organize a historic club-themed event 4.3.2.2 Organize activities to experience with the task of practicing as a lecturer at Military Region IV Museum (Experiment for students of grade 11, High School of Ethnic Minorities Boarding School No 2, Nghe An province) 4.3.2.2 Organization of the historic evening "President Ho Chi Minh - Portrait of a human being" (Experiment for students of grade 11, Le Viet Thuat High School, Nghe An province) 4.4 Experimental results 4.4.1 Evaluation methods 20 To evaluate the experimental results, we conducted based on the results of qualitative and quantitative evaluation 4.4.2 Experimental results 4.4.2.1 Qualitative results From the feedback of managers, students and teachers of high schools that have carried out experimentally and partly, we draw the following results: First, in the process of experimental implementation, we have complied with measures to innovate the way of organizing activities such as the application of information technology (Golden Ring Contest ) or promoting the extreme of the students in the past Deployment process (available at all implemented operating systems) Second, from the reality of participating in the organization and directly participating in the extracurricular activities, the results of the opinions show that the awareness of teachers and students about the necessity of the extracurricular activities has been significantly improved Third, regarding the content of extracurricular activities: suitable to the knowledge that students have learned in the key hours, ensuring students apply the knowledge of the main program into practice Fourth, through the implementation of extracurricular activities, 93% of teachers asked that participation in extracurricular activities will make students more familiar with the historical knowledge learned, this is reflected in The quick examination of the fans participating in the contest and the quality of answering the questions of the members participating in the test team 4.4.2.2 Quantitative results Experimental results Visit, experience 56.5 60 47.7 Tỷ lệ % 50 40 25.9 30 17.6 20 10 10.7 4.6 Weak Medium Experimental group Rather Control group Good 21 Experimental results Activities of the Promise History 62 70 60 50.6 Tỷ lệ % 50 37.7 40 30 19 19 20 10 6.7 4.2 Weak Medium Experimental group Rather Good Control group 4.4.3 General comments on pedagogical experiment Through the implementation of experimental extracurricular activities that are typical for extracurricular activities of History, both experimental measures, partial and total experiment, on the basis of feedback opinions feedback and test results, assessment of students' perceptions, attitudes and learning attitudes and learning motivation of students participating in extracurricular activities in History, we found: Firstly, the organization of the History of History with innovative measures has helped extracurricular activities avoid the formality, create excitement for students, to meet the maximum meaning that extracurricular activities brings Secondly, The organization of extracurricular activities of History with the above-mentioned innovation measures has promoted the activeness of students, students are working, thinking and being creative students are directly involved in extracurricular activities from preparation, deployment thereby promoting the positive of students, fostering and developing thinking abilities, contributing to forming capabilities for you and more importantly, from participating in extracurricular activities you are affirmed yourself and shown yourself Thirdly, participating in extracurricular activities, activating individual activities, helping students to become more aware of their own abilities, through which thoughts and orientations about similar careers hybrid Fourthly, through the Council of History of History, students are trained some practical skills of subjects and life skills for themselves In addition, with the collective activities, the History Department will help them to form general skills such as building presentations, presentations, teamwork skills, communication - 22 behavior, skills set questions, criticisms, arguments, problem solving Fifthly, the renewal of the History of History will help students understand, understand and understand historical issues As we have discussed, the content of historical knowledge to be provided to students is very large, while the time spent on the history subject at high school is not much, especially the local history Therefore, in order for students to know more about history, especially local history, the role of extracurricular activities in History is particularly important, through experimental activities, we realize that they understand deeply sharper history issues extracurricular activities is an effective method to provide more historical knowledge for students, help them understand and grasp history in a deeper and more comprehensive way Sixth, the renewal of extracurricular activities in History has a clear effect extracurricular activities History Department not only helps students to understand, understand, understand more historical issues, events, historical figures but also makes sense in terms of education and development Deeply understand, understand more about the land you live in, about the tradition of your father, about the character that your school named will help students see the value of life, of peace, of sacrifice It is the foundation for forming patriotism and other good citizenship qualities As a basis for them to make more efforts, try to be worthy of the tradition, deserve the loss, sacrifice, and rise to circumstances to assert themselves, to "integrate but not dissolve" in international integration trend of the nation With the experimental results that have been conducted in the typical high schools in Nghe An province (including experimental solutions and full experiments) we believe in the innovative measures extracurricular activities history at High school that the thesis proposed is completely feasible The feasibility of these measures is not only applicable in Nghe An province but also can be deployed in other high schools nationwide The application of innovative measures will contribute to improving the effectiveness of the contract of history at high school, contributing to implementing the goal of the subject 23 CONCLUSION Extracurricular activities are one of the forms of organization of historical teaching in high school, implemented in a purposeful, planned, organized way, conducted throughout the school year to contribute objectives of the course program extracurricular activities is one side, a part of teaching in high school, including teaching History As a form of organizing teaching, the History of History is important in terms of education, education and development of students Through extracurricular activities, students will form the skills suitable to the requirements of society, know how to apply knowledge learned in practice With flexible organizational forms, extracurricular activities will create a favorable environment for students to train themselves, both forging virtue, and training for the next development path In Nghe An province in particular and the country in general there are many favorable conditions for organizing extracurricular activities Each land in our country has its own cultural and historical values, each with its own unique cultural identities, each locality depending on each specific historical time certain contributions to the cause of building and protecting the country Therefore, the organization of extracurricular activities in the history of high schools is very necessary and has great significance in educating the young generation - the future owners of the country Based on the drawbacks of the organization of extracurricular activities in the current history, the aim is to improve the quality of extracurricular activities in high schools, meeting the requirements of teaching subjects has set out, the thesis has proposed solutions to innovate the organization of extracurricular activities in a synchronous manner on the following main aspects: Innovating the content of extracurricular activities; Innovation on organizational forms and innovations in measures to conduct extracurricular activities today with the hope that these innovative solutions will contribute to improving the quality of extracurricular activities in particular and teaching history In general, meet the requirements of the country's development career The problem is that teachers need to be really mindful, responsible for their careers, with the younger generation, mastering professional knowledge and creative passion to put those solutions into practice the most effective way The empirical results of the thesis (including partial experimentation and total experiment) have shown the feasibility of the innovative measures of the current history of the subject From practical research at high schools in Nghe An province, we believe these innovative measures will always bring into full play the role and meaning in other localities in the country, contributing to implementing radical renovation copy and comprehensive home education However, when applying innovative measures, the history department of extracurricular activities needs to 24 understand the requirements that we have mentioned, so as to maximize the value of the innovation measures brought about In order for extracurricular activities to study History more and more effectively, we make some recommendations as follows: - Regarding the Ministry of Education - Training and State management agencies: It is necessary to change the attitude of people towards History, to put history into everyday life because if not, then The younger generation will probably not know anything about their nation's history At the same time, attaching importance to training and retraining teachers to have a strong teaching staff in terms of expertise and teaching experience, especially the skills of organizing student activities for students - Management board of high schools and subject teachers: there is recognition of correct assessment of the position of History in the heads of high schools Maximum support for teachers and students in the process of implementing extracurricular activities in accordance with local practices and schools Besides, when conducting extracurricular organization for students, the school needs to understand the desire of students that is where students want to visit and form of extracurricular activities that students find interesting on the basis of supporting the lesson study in class Students are young, dynamic and creative, so they like to participate in active and creative extracurricular forms of fun but still not outside of learning In the midst of integration, culture is a factor of development, in which history is the most important factor Preserving and deep understanding of the history of the nation and the world is a necessary condition to perfect the human personality Learning history is to know the common values and knowledge of mankind Learning history is about knowing the origins of the nation - the country, knowing about the values that his father left behind, cultivating pride, national pride, and even lessons from pain and loss Without studying history, each individual and citizen will not be able to know with certainty who he is; nation - where is the country in this world; where are the strengths and weaknesses; where are opportunities and challenges; Where are you, what are enemies And what each person needs to to make himself or herself more perfect, so that the nation - our nation can keep up with humanity in the future At the same time, understanding the values of history is the assurance for the stable and sustainable development of each nation, preserving the culture, national identity, integration with the world but always affirm the characteristics of our nation LIST OF THE AUTHOR’S SCIENCIFIC WORK RELATED TO THE THESIS Pham Tien Dong (2011), Some thoughts on innovating extracurricular activities in teaching history at high schools today, Scientific Journal, Vinh University, Volumn 40, p.10-15 Pham Tien Dong, Trinh Dinh Tung (2012), History curriculum at high schools: Current situation and orientation for innovation, Proceedings of the National Scientific Conference on Teaching History in Vietnamese High Schools, Education Publishing House, pp 122-131 Pham Tien Dong (2014), Extracurricular activities through the use of some historic sites in Vinh City in the teaching of the revolutionary movement 19301931, Proceedings of the Scientific Seminar on "Research and Teaching History, Culture - Society", Social Science Publishing House, pp.358-364 Pham Tien Dong (2015), Organizing extra-curricular activities in teaching history at high schools in Nghe An province (Applied in Teaching History of Vietnam, Grade 12) Scientific research project at Vinh University Code T2015-27 Pham Tien Dong (2015), Organizing extracurricular activities in teaching Indian history at high schools, Indian and Asian Studies Journal, Volumn 11 (36), pp.52-58 Pham Tien Dong (2016), Organizing extra-curricular activities in teaching the history of Southeast Asian countries at high schools, Southeast Asian Studies Journal, Volumn 2, pp.51-58 Pham Tien Dong (2018), Some issues in renovating the content of history’s extracurricular activities at current high schools, Journal of Educational Management, Volumn 12 Pham Tien Dong (2019), Innovate book reading activities in teaching history at the current high schools,Journal of Education Management, Volumn 11, Number 01, pp.66-71 ... capacity to solve problems and create Fostering quality ideological attitudes, patriotic sentiments, strong political stance and arousing the attitude of responsibility of the individual to the... must be a better, more progressive change than before, to respond Better response to new requirements of development "Is the process of inheriting the essence of the old and creating better, more... activities developing the forte's capacities c About attitude Having the right attitude towards the subject and shaping students the right attitude with the problems of life or when facing similar