Test bank business ethics now 4th 4e ghillyer

Typically people do share the same interpretation of what "the right thing" is, but they may not share the same commitment in doing it.. Rules of appropriate individual behavior represe

True / False Questions

1 The field of ethics is the study of how people try to live their lives according to a standard

of "right" behavior

True False

2 Moral standards are based on religious, cultural, or philosophical beliefs by which

judgments are made about good or bad behavior

8 A person's values have a specific worth to them

12 12 Simple truth is one of the four basic categories of ethics and can be expressed simply

as doing the right thing

True False

13 13 Typically people do share the same interpretation of what "the right thing" is, but they

may not share the same commitment in doing it

True False

14 Superman has become a fictional representation of personal integrity

True False

15 Rules of appropriate individual behavior represent the idea that the moral standards we develop for ourselves impact our lives on a daily basis in our behavior and the other types of decisions we make

22 The problem with utilitarianism is the focus on doing the most good for a select few, such

as Adolf Hitler and the idea of launching a national genocide against Jews on the utilitarian grounds of restoring the Aryan race

True False

23 Universal ethics argue that there are certain universal principles that should apply to all ethical judgments

True False

24 The problem with universal ethics is that no one is held accountable for the consequences

of actions taken to abide by those principles

29 The basic assumption of ethical theory is that you as an individual or community are in control of all the factors that influence the choices that you make

32 Due to aggressive competitors, Joe Smith feels pressured to lie to an important customer

to keep the customer He feels they will never discover the truth With this ethical dilemma, the first thing Joe must do is analyze the actions without thinking about consequences True False

33 The final step in solving an ethical dilemma is to evaluate the results of your decision True False

34 Arthur Dobrin identified 15 questions you should consider when resolving an ethical dilemma

True False

35 The process of ethical reasoning involves looking at the available information and then drawing conclusions based on that information in relation to our own ethical standards True False

36 Preconventional is the lowest level of Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of ethical reasoning True False

37 The first stage of Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of ethical reasoning is preconventional True False

38 The third stage of Kohlberg's stages of ethical reasoning is law and order

41 According to Kohlberg's framework, an individual can jump beyond the next stage of his

or her six stages

True False

42 Kohlberg stated that it would be impossible for a person to comprehend the moral issues and dilemmas at a level so far beyond his or her life experience and education

True False

Multiple Choice Questions

43 refers to a study of how people try to live their lives according to a standard of right" or "wrong" behavior

47 When individuals share similar standards in a community, we can use the term _

52 The impact of a person's or a group's _ can be seen in the extent to which their daily lives are influenced by those values

D Black and white decisions

54 Which of the following is not one of the four basic categories of ethics?

A Personal integrity

B Rules of appropriate individual behavior

C Rules of appropriate behavior for a community or society

D Stretched truth

55 is just doing the right thing, and it is something most people can understand and

support

A Personal integrity

B Rules of appropriate individual behavior

C Rules of appropriate behavior for a community or society

D A simple truth

56 Which of the following defines simple truth?

A The idea that the moral standards we develop for ourselves impact our lives on a daily basis

B The idea that we must bring our personal value systems into a world that we share with people who may have different value systems

C Doing the right thing

D Viewing one's behavior from an external, rather than an internal, viewpoint

57 All of the following represent the ideal of personal integrity except:

A Scrooge McDuck

B Batman

C Superman

D Spider-Man

58 For some, the _ rule best expresses the goal of living an ethical life: Do unto others

as you would have them do unto you

60 is a concept of living your life according to a commitment to the achievement of aclear ideal

64 Ethics for the greater good, a theory more focused on the outcome of your actions rather focusing on the apparent virtue of the actions themselves is also referred to as

66 The problem with _ is the idea that the ends justify the means

A ethics for the greater good

C not everyone is committed to doing the right thing

D the idea that the ends justify the means

68 The theory of places actions within a strictly moral context instead of basing actions on the needs of a particular situation

A normative ethics

B universal ethics

C virtue ethics

D utilitarianism

69 According to the theory of _, the traditions of your society, your personal opinions,and the circumstances of the present moment define your ethical principles

A ethics for the greater good

71 Due to aggressive competitors, Joe Smith feels pressured to lie to an important customer

to keep the customer He feels they will never discover the truth Joe is facing an ethical

73 The basic assumption of ethical theory is that you as an individual or community _

A there are no grey areas

B after extensive research and discussion, there is always a clear right answer

C people will usually act ethically when presented with the right choice

D are in control of all the factors that influence the choices that you make

74 The first step in the three-step process for solving an ethical problem is to _

A analyze the consequences

B analyze the problem

C make a decision

D analyze the actions

75 The second step in the three-step process for solving an ethical problem is to _

A analyze the consequences

B analyze the problem

C make a decision

D analyze the actions

76 The final step in the three-step process for solving an ethical problem is to _

A analyze the consequences

B analyze the problem

C make a decision

D analyze the actions

77 All of the following are questions identified by Arthur Dorbin to resolve an ethical dilemma except:

A What do your feelings tell you?

B What are the alternatives?

C What are the facts?

D What will you think of yourself if you decide one thing or another?

78 Arthur Dobrin identified _ questions you should consider when resolving an ethical dilemma

A "good boy/nice girl" orientation

B law and order orientation

C principled conscience

D obedience and punishment orientation

83 At the _ stage, a person focuses on self-chosen ethical principles that are

comprehensive and consistent

A "good boy/nice girl" orientation

B law and order orientation

C principled conscience

D obedience and punishment orientation

84 The _ stage focuses on individual rights and the development of standards based

on critical examination

A social-contract legalistic orientation

B law and order orientation

C principled conscience

D obedience and punishment orientation

85 Kohlberg's framework offers us a clearer view into the process of _

A resolving ethical dilemmas

B ethical reasoning

C ethical relativism

D applied ethics

Fill in the Blank Questions

86 refers to a study of how people try to live their lives according to a standard of right" or "wrong" behavior

87 A structured community of people bound together by similar traditions and customs refers

to _

88 _ is a particular set of attitudes, beliefs, and practices that characterize a group of individuals

89 When individuals share similar standards in a community, we can use the term

90 The terms _ and values are often used to mean the same thing,

a set of personal principles by which you aim to live your life

91 An , such as happiness and health, is a good thing in itself and

is pursued for its own sake

94 is just doing the right thing, and it is something most people

can understand and support

95 _ is a concept of living your life according to a commitment

to the achievement of a clear ideal

101 An ethical is a situation in which there is no obvious "right"

or "wrong" decision, but rather a "right" or "right" answer

106 Differentiate between intrinsic and instrumental value

107 Name and discuss the three categories of ethical theories

108 Discuss at least one weakness of each of the ethical theories

109 Discuss utilitarianism

110 Define ethical dilemma Give an example of an ethical dilemma Explain the process to resolve it

111 Discuss ethical relativism

112 Identify the eight questions offered by Arthur Dobrin for consideration when resolving

an ethical dilemma Do you believe these questions could help you? Explain

113 Briefly describe the three stages of Lawrence Kohlberg's framework for ethical

reasoning

True / False Questions

1. (p 4) The field of ethics is the study of how people try to live their lives according to a standard of "right" behavior

4. (p 4) Standards of ethical behavior are absorbed by osmosis as you observe the examples, both positive and negative, set by everyone around you—parents, family members, friends, peers, and neighbors

The terms morals and values are often used to mean the same thing, a set of personal

principles by which you aim to live your life

Bloom's: Remembering

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Outcome: 1.2

8. (p 4) A person's values have a specific worth to them

The pursuit of one value to reach another value is an instrumental value Foe example, money

is valued for what it can buy

Bloom's: Understanding

Difficulty: Medium

12. (p 5) 12 Simple truth is one of the four basic categories of ethics and can be expressed simply as doing the right thing

TRUE

Bloom's: Remembering

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Outcome: 1.2

13. (p 5) 13 Typically people do share the same interpretation of what "the right thing" is, but

they may not share the same commitment in doing it

FALSE

Typically people do not share the same interpretation of what "the right thing" is, and they

may not share the same commitment in doing it

15. (p 5) Rules of appropriate individual behavior represent the idea that the moral standards

we develop for ourselves impact our lives on a daily basis in our behavior and the other types

16. (p 6) "Do unto others as you would have them do unto you" is the golden rule

Bloom's: Understanding

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Outcome: 1.3

20. (p 6) Ethics for the greater good is also referred to as utilitarianism

24. (p 7) The problem with universal ethics is that no one is held accountable for the

consequences of actions taken to abide by those principles

The study of how ethical theories are put into practice is applied ethics Ethical dilemmas are

situations in which there is no obvious right or wrong decision, but rather a right or right answer

Bloom's: Understanding

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Outcome: 1.5

28. (p 8) An ethical dilemma is a situation in which there is no obvious right or wrong decision,but

rather a right or right answer

TRUE

Bloom's: Remembering

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Outcome: 1.5

29. (p 8) The basic assumption of ethical theory is that you as an individual or community are

in control of all the factors that influence the choices that you make

32. (p 9) Due to aggressive competitors, Joe Smith feels pressured to lie to an important

customer to keep the customer He feels they will never discover the truth With this ethical dilemma, the first thing Joe must do is analyze the actions without thinking about

36. (p 10) Preconventional is the lowest level of Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of ethical

Bloom's: Understanding

Difficulty: Difficult

Learning Outcome: 1.5

40. (p 11) The highest level of ethical reasoning is the post-conventional level

Multiple Choice Questions

43. (p 4) refers to a study of how people try to live their lives according to a standard ofright" or "wrong" behavior

A Morality

B Ethics

C Virtuosity

D Philosophy

44. (p 4) All of the following are sources of individuals' moral standards except:

47. (p 4) When individuals share similar standards in a community, we can use the term _

50. (p 4 - 5) An _, such as happiness and health, is a good thing in itself and is pursuedfor its own sake

53. (p 5) What is it that makes the study of ethics so complex?

B Rules of appropriate individual behavior

C Rules of appropriate behavior for a community or society

B Rules of appropriate individual behavior

C Rules of appropriate behavior for a community or society

D A simple truth

Bloom's: Understanding

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Outcome: 1.3

56. (p 5) Which of the following defines simple truth?

A The idea that the moral standards we develop for ourselves impact our lives on a daily basis

B The idea that we must bring our personal value systems into a world that we share with people who may have different value systems

C Doing the right thing.

D Viewing one's behavior from an external, rather than an internal, viewpoint

59. (p 6) Ethical theories can be divided into the following categories except:

62. (p 6) The Greek philosopher Aristotle's belief in individual character and integrity

established the concept of _

65. (p 6) Ethics for the greater good was originally proposed by the Scottish philosopher

66. (p 6) The problem with _ is the idea that the ends justify the means

A ethics for the greater good

C not everyone is committed to doing the right thing

D the idea that the ends justify the means.

Bloom's: Remembering

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Outcome: 1.3

68. (p 6) The theory of places actions within a strictly moral context instead of basing actions on the needs of a particular situation

71. (p 9) Due to aggressive competitors, Joe Smith feels pressured to lie to an important customer to keep the customer He feels they will never discover the truth Joe is facing an ethical

A there are no grey areas

B after extensive research and discussion, there is always a clear right answer

C people will usually act ethically when presented with the right choice

D are in control of all the factors that influence the choices that you make

Bloom's: Understanding

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Outcome: 1.5