adj adv either and neither

Adjective Tính từ là loại từ dùng để miêu tả tính chất, màu sắc, trạng thái, kích cỡ của 1 người hay 1 vật nào đó.. - VỊ TRÍ CỦA TÍNH TỪ: Tính từ thông thường được theo sau bởi các động

I ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS:

1 Adjective

Tính từ là loại từ dùng để miêu tả tính chất, màu sắc, trạng thái, kích cỡ của 1 người hay 1 vật nào đó

- VỊ TRÍ CỦA TÍNH TỪ:

Tính từ thông thường được theo sau bởi các động từ như:

Tobe, look, feel, get, become, taste, smell…etc

Vị trí thứ 2: Tính từ thường đứng trước 1 danh từ để bổ nghĩa cho danh từ theo sau nó

Tổng hợp các Linking Verb

 be (am/is/are/was/were): I am hungry./ She is a model

 appear (hóa ra, xem ra): She didn’t appear at all surprised at the news

 come/become (trở nên, trở thành): My dream finally came true./ He’s become a new star after the contest

 grow (trở nên): She grows prettier every day

 prove (tỏ ra): The test proved too difficult for most students in the class

 stay (vẫn): The room stayed cool two hours after the air conditioner was turned off

 look (trông có vẻ): The pie looked delicious

 sound ( nghe có vẻ): The idea sounds interesting

 taste (có vị): The pie tasted delicious

 feel (cảm thấy): I felt so wonderful

2 Adverb

Trạng từ là loại từ bổ nghĩa cho động từ và miêu tả cách thức của một hành động diễn ra như thế nào

- CÁCH THÀNH LẬP TRẠNG TỪ ( Học thêm bài trong tập )

Trạng từ thể cách thông thường được thành lập bằng cách thêm “LY” vào sau 1 tính từ

ADJ + LY = ADV

- Tính từ tận cùng bằng –le, đổi thành –ly: gentle  gently

- Tính từ tận cùng bằng – y, đổi thành –ily: easy easily

- Tính từ tận cùng bằng –ue, đổi thành –ully: true truly

- Tính từ tận cùng bằng –ll, đổi thành –lly: full fully

- Tính từ tận cùng bằng –ic, đổi thành –ically: auto’matic auto’matically

- Tính từ tận cùng bằng –ful, thêm –ly: careful carefully, skillfulskillfully.

* Một số trường hợp ngoại lệ:

Good -> Well (Tốt, giỏi);

Hard -> Hard (chăm chỉ);

Fast-> Fast ( nhanh);

Early – early (sớm);

Late – late (trễ);

far-> far ( xa );

straight-> straight ( thẳng );

loud-> loud/loudly ( to, lớn )

*CÁCH CHỌN TÍNH TỪ VÀ TRẠNG TỪ ĐIỀN VÀO CHỖ TRỐNG :

Đây là phần quan trọng nhất nên cần chú ý kỹ

Hãy làm theo các bước sau :

+ Nhìn phía sau chổ trống (kế bên ) nếu gặp DANH TỪ thì điền TÍNH TỪ Nếu gặp TÍNH TỪ hoặc ĐỘNG TỪ thì điền TRẠNG TỪ

EX :

I have a book ( beautiful/beautifully )

=> Nhìn phía sau có ” book” là danh từ nên ta điền tính từ

 I have a beautiful book.

It was _ done ( careful / carefully )

=> Nhìn phía sau có động từ “done” nên chọn trạng từ

 It was carefully done

+ Nếu nhìn phía sau không có các loại từ trên thì nhìn từ từ ra phía trước :

+ Nếu gặp ĐỘNG TỪ thì chọn TRẠNG TỪ

+ Nếu gặp BE ,LOOK, FEEL, SEEM ,GET ,BECOME thì chọn TÍNH TỪ ( lưu ý chữ look có at thì vẫn dùng trạng từ, còn không có at thì mới dùng tính từ )

*

EXERCISE:

I

Fill in the blank with “ Adj “ or “ Adv “

1.I have just bought an book ( interesting/interestingly )

2 These are _ students ( good /well )

3 It was raining ( heavy / heavily )

4 The dog looks ( fierce/ fiercely )

5 He works ( hard / hardly )

6 I looked at him ( careful /carefully )

7 They did it very ( bad / badly )

8 The man was injured ( serious / seriously )

9 It was really a party ( awful / awfully )

10 She seemed very when she saw me ( happy / happily )

II

Fill in the blank with “ Adj “ or “ Adv “

1.I can do this exercise……… (easy)

2.Helen works very……… ( hard) in her new job.

3.They look ……… (serious) students

4.I agree with you……… (complete) about that matter

5.This apple is very………(soft)

6.They both study English very………(good)

7.Helen is a ………(beautiful) girl

8.Her sister play the piano………(beautiful)

9.He does his work……… (good)

10.Tom is a ………(lazy) pupil.

III Put these words in the suitatble positions:

1 He has read that book (already) _

2 This book is interesting (extremely) _

3 I haven't been there (before)

4 He is on time (seldom)

5 He has a bad pain in his chest (today, very) _

6 The elevator operates (automatically)

7 He arrives (on time, never, at the meeting)

8 I saw Dan (at the lecture, last night)

9 I will be there (certainly, by 2 o'clock) _

10 He left the office (this afternoon, early) _

11 She will return the book (next week, to, the library) _

12 She went (at 6 o'clock, to school)

13 He was born (in 1392, at 10 am, on June 14th) _

14 They stayed (all day, quietly, there)

IV choose the correct answer:

1 They dance the Tango (beautiful / beautifully)

2 She planned their trip to Greece very (careful / carefully)

3 Jim painted the kitchen very (bad / badly)

4 She speaks very (quiet / quietly)

5 Turn the stereo down It's too (loud / loudly)

6 He skipped down the road to school (Happy / happily)

7 He drives too (fast / well)

8 She knows the road (good / well)

9 He plays the guitar (terrible / terribly)

10 We're going camping tomorrow so we have to get up (early /soon)

11 Andy doesn't often work (hard / hardly)

12 Sometimes our teacher arrives for class (Late / lately)

13.As the play unfolds, the audience is (subtle / subtly) brought into the grip of an awful evil

14 In a bold, sometimes (careless / carelessly), form there is nothing academic

15.The (clever / cleverly) updated detective tale succeeded despite a serious flirt with cliché

16 Last week we buried my closest friend, and it was a (deep / deeply) moving service

17.She straightened up and looked out the window (direct / directly) at him

18.In times gone by, the paddle steamers docked to pick up their loads of (fresh / freshly) bailed

cotton

19.All goes (good / well), and after some time he feels relaxed enough to go for a walk

20.Your trigger(happy / happily) friend isn't in the house

21.The gulf between the 'rich' and the 'poor' has narrowed, to the point that the word 'poor' is

(hard / hardly) applicable

22 (Interesting / Interestingly), the changes the adapter has made seem designed to make the

story even more frightening

23 He joined dozens of others that sailed (lazy / lazily) toward the surface

24 He swore so (loud / loudly) at the top of his voice, that she didn't get any sleep all the next

night

25 Frankly, it is very (clever / cleverly) done

26 Such (nice / nicely) balances of economic integration are hard to sustain for more than a single

generation

27 There are already rumours that publishers are feeling (nervous / nervously)

28 Children should be cared for by a (normal / normally) and healthy family

29 We hoped this war could be resolved both (quick / quickly) and with as few civilian casualties

as possible

30 All we wanted to do was to stand very (quiet / quietly) and look and look and look

31 He wanted to pat her neck (most / mostly) because she was so wonderful to touch 32 It was (nice / nicely) packaged and wrapped in pretty, recycled paper V Put in the adverbs: 1 Emma’s toothache was terrible Emma’s tooth ached ………

2 Henry was angry Henry shouted ………

3 I’m happy sitting here I can sit here ………

4 He was very thoughtful standing there He stood there ………

5 The children seemed cheerful The children played ………

6 The switch is automatic The machine switches itself off ………

7 James is very good at speaking English James speaks English ………

8 The debate should be public We need to debate the matter ………

9 She was charming She walked ……… in front of the audience 10 Everyone was enthusiastic Everyone discussed the idea ………

11 The man had a soft voice The man spoke ………

12 Claire wears expensive clothes Claire dresses ………

13 The runners made a low start They started the race ………

14 The building has to be secure Did you lock all the doors ………

15 I had a strange dream last night I dreamed ………

Trật tự đúng của các tính từ sẽ là: O – S – Sh – A – C – O – M (Opinion – Size – Shape – Age – Color – Origin – Material) Eg: My grandfather’s beautiful big cubic old yellow Vietnamese wooden storage house O S Sh A C O M Tất nhiên cụm danh từ này phải bắt đầu bằng mạo từ/ số từ: A, an, the, my, their, three, a few, the first, my grandpa’s, Paul’s,

1 Từ nhận xét (Opinion): Useful, beautiful, interesting, lovely, delicious,

2 Kích cỡ (Size): big, small, large, huge, tiny,

3 Hình dáng (Shape): long, short, round (tròn), triangle (tam giác), cubic (hình hộp), heart-shaped (hình trái tim), flat (bằng phẳng),

4 Tuổi thọ (Age): old, young, new, brandnew, ancient (cổ đại), modern (hiện đại),

5 Màu sắc (Color): Black, red, white, blue, yellow, cream (màu kem), violet (tím),purple (đỏ tía),

navy blue (xanh hải quân), magenta (đỏ thẫm), brick red (đỏ gạch), emerald (xanh ngọc), jet black

(đen nhánh),

6 Nguồn gốc (Origin): Vietnamese, English, Indian, Thai, German, American,

7 Chất liệu (Material): Silk (lụa), gold, silver, wooden, metal (kim loại), plastic, leather (da),

glass (thủy tinh), concrete (bê tông), ivory (ngà)

Bài 1: Phân loại các tính từ sau vào ô đúng thể loại của chúng

interesting round great pink young old long

oval rectangular square thick Vietnamese grey woolen thin attractive black racing walking

Loại tính từ Tính từ

Opinion

Size

Age

Shape

Color

Origin

Material

Purpuse

Bài 2: Đặt những tính từ sau, vào đúng vị trí của nó:

1 a table(wooden, round)

2 a vase (glass, old, lovely)

3 a pullover (green, new) _

4 a box (metal, black, small) _

5 a basin (sugar, antique, silver)

6 shoes (black, leather, big)

7 a dress (new, blue, nice) _

8 a mirror (wall, attractive)

9 a seat (wooden, expensive, garden)

10.a painting (French, interesting, old) _

11 a singer (opera, famous, Italian)

12.hair (black, straight, long)

13.stamps (postage, valuable, Australian) _

14.chairs (kitchen, red, metal)

15.a boat (model, splendid, old) _ 16.a journey (boring/ train, long) _ 17.some questions (easy, nice, quiz) 18.a day (sunny, beautiful) _ 19.an avenue (long, wide) 20.a cat (fat, black, yellow, big)

Bài 3: Chọn đáp án đúng:

1 _

A a pair of sport new French shoes B a pair of new sport French shoes

C a pair of new French sport shoes D a pair of French new sport shoes

2 _

3 _

4 _

5 _

C an interesting English new book D an interesting new English book

Bài 4: Sắp xếp các câu sau thành câu đúng.

1 wedding/ dress/ she/ long/ wore/ white/ a

-> ………

2 woman/ English/is/an/ young/ intelligent/ it

-> ………

3 is/ bag/ this/ sleeping/ black/ a/ new

-> ………

4 pink/ he/ house/ bought/ big/beautiful/ a

-> ………

5 gave/ wallet/ him/ she/ brown/ small/ leather/ a

-> ………

Either/ Netheir/ Both/ Not only But also

*Either = hoặc cái này, hoặc cái kia, hoặc người này hoặc người kia.

*Neither = Không phải cái này mà cũng không phải cái kia, không phải người này mà không

phải người kia

*Both = cả hai

1.EITHER và NEITHER khi được dụng như một trạng từ thì chỉ có thể sử dụng ở thể phủ

định

Ví dụ:* She can’t climb the mountain and he can’t EITHER.

* I wasn’t at the beauty contest and NEITHER was she.

* Thuy didn’t have her hair cut, NEITHER did her brother.

* A: I won’t go overseas next month

B: I won’t EITHER/ NEITHER shall I.

2 EITHER đứng sau “to be”, sau trợ động từ (trong câu hỏi ngắn gọn) và ở cuối câu.

Ví dụ:* I’m not happy and you aren’t EITHER.

* She can’t ski and I can’t EITHER.

* The boy didn’t do his homework, he didn’t learn his lesson EITHER.

* He hasn’t been to Halong Bay and his sister hasn’t been there yet EITHER.

3 Các liên từ EITHER… OR…, NEITHER… NOR…, BOTH….AND…., NOT ONLY… BUT ALSO… có một quy luật chung, gọi là quy luật cân đối, nghĩa là trong câu kép (compound sentence) hễ trong vế đầu hay mệnh đề đầu EITHER, NEITHER, BOTH, NOT ONLY đi với loại từ nào thì trong vế sau hay mệnh đề sau OR, NOR, AND, BUT ALSO cũng phải đi với loại từ đó.

Ví dụ:

* He speaks BOTH English AND French (vế trước BOTH đi với 1 danh từ, vế sau AND cũng

đi với 1 danh từ)

* She NEITHER smokes NOR drinks (NEITHER, NOR đều đứng trước động từ)

* He is BOTH deaf AND dumb (BOTH, AND đều đứng trước tính từ)

* You can speak EITHER slowly OR fast It doesn’t matter to me (EITHER, OR đều đứng

trước trạng từ)

* Your father was NEITHER at home NOR in his office (NEITHER, NOR đều đứng trước

giới từ)

* She gave up her job NOT ONLY because she had a baby BUT ALSO because the pay was

low (NOT ONLY, BUT ALSO đều đứng trước một liên từ)

* I have got NEITHER the time NOR the money to go travelling.

* EITHER a boy OR a girl can do callisthenics.

* NEITHER this hat NOR that one suits me.

4 EITHER…OR…, NEITHER…NOR…, có khi được áp dụng cho ba người hay vật.

Ví dụ:* You can EITHER make some coffee OR you can make some tea, OR you can do

BOTH.

* NEITHER enticement, NOR threat, NOR torture could make him supply any information.

5 Nếu chủ từ khác nhau về số (nhiều hay ít) hay về ngôi (person) thì động từ hiệp theo từ

gần nhất, tức theo nguyên tắc từ gần nhất (principle of proximity).

Ví dụ:

* NEITHER he NOR his friends were seen at the meeting.

* EITHER the boy OR his brothers have been there.

* EITHER you OR I am to blame.

* NEITHER you NOR she was wrong.

Tuy nhiên, người ta thường tránh lối để chủ ngữ như vậy và tách riêng chủ ngữ ra hai vế khác nhau.

Ví dụ:* EITHER you are to blame OR I am.

* You were not wrong, NOR was she.

I Hãy viết lại các câu dưới đây bằng cách dùng liên từ trong ngoặc.

Ex: He enjoys collecting stamps AND old china (BOTH…AND…)

=> He enjoys collecting BOTH stamps AND old china

1 The chickens haven’t been fed; the pigs haven’t been fed EITHER (NEITHER…NOR…)

@

2 She carried me in her arms AND she lutted me to sleep (NOT ONLY…BUT ALSO…)

@

3 You were mad OR drunk (EITHER…OR…)

@

4 You can find it in the library OR in a second-hand book shop (EITHER…OR…)

@

5 The boy is intelligent AND hardworking (BOTH…AND…)

@

6 He didn’t want his coffee OR his tea strong (NEITHER…NOR)

@

7 You can take these tablets OR seek a doctor’s advice (EITHER…OR…)

@

8 The thief stole my money AND tore up my identify card (NOT ONLY…BUT ALSO)

@

9 He spoke French fluently AND correctly (BOTH…AND…)

@

10 She should get a scholarship OR she should work her way through medical school

(EITHER…OR…)

@

11 Fred likes helping his friends So does Linda (both and)



12 Harry used to date Ann Or was it Helen? (either or)



13 We should learn to accept our weaknesses and our strengths (not only but also)

14 He never listens to or advises his friends when they have a problem.(neither nor)