Ôn thi cấp tốc_Từ vựng

Prepared by Nguyen Sy Chien Wednesday, August 28, 2013 Phần II: các câu hỏi về từ vựng Bài 1: Cho dạng thức thích hợp của từ trong ngoặc. 1. (geography) ___, the most widespread language on the Earth is English, and it is second only to Mandarin Chinese in the number of people who speak it. 2. English is an official or (official) ___ language in many former and present British possessions such as South Africa, India, and Hong Kong. 3. English adverbs, adjectives, prepositions, conjunctions are (vary) ___; they are spelled the same way no matter how they are used. 4. English spelling is (admit) ___ difficult to learn as it has borrowed words extensively from other language, and it has borrowed from the Roman alphabet, which is not even large enough to accommodate the sounds of Latin language. 5. Some people consider present-day English (perfect) ___ in its pelling - in the relation of letters and sounds. 6. Many English frequently (spell) ___ words - such as disappoint, discipline, scissors, antecedents, and pneumonia - are easy to learn if one has some knowledge of Latin or Greek roots. 7. Although many grammarians still prefer the tradition of dividing words into eight parts of speech, efforts have recently been made to (class) ___ English words on a different basis. 8. In the early part of the modern English period, the vocabulary was (large) ___ by the widespread use of one part of speech for another and by increased borrowings from other languages. 9. One of the most important developments of English ouside Great Britain occurred with the (colony) ___ of North America. 10. The English system of weights and measures is often called a "(custom) ___ " system, to indicate that it originated in everyday customs that had developed over a long period of time. Bài 2: Điền một từ thích hợp vào chỗ trống. Chữ cái đầu tiên của từ cần điền đã cho sẵn. Pollution is the (11) c___ of air, water, or soil by materials that infer with human health, the quality of life, or the nature functioning of (12) e___. Each year industry developed countries generate billions of tons (13) p___. Many come from directly identifiable sources; sulphur dioxide, for example, comes from electric power plants burning coal or oil. Others are formed through the action of sunlight on previously emitted reactive materials. For example, ozone, a dangerous pollutant in smog, is produced by the (14) i___ of hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides under the influence of sunlight. Ozone has also caused a serious crop damage. On the other hand, the discovery in 1980s that air pollutants such as flourocarbons are causing a lot of ozone from the earth's (15) p___ ozone layer has caused the phasing out of these materials. Often, the first noticeable (16) e___ of pollution are aesthetic and may not necessarily be dangerous. These include visibility reduction due to tiny particles suspended in air, or bad odours, produced by hydrogen sulfide from pulp and paper mills. The tall smokestacks used by industries and utilities do not remove pollutants but simply boost them higher into the astmosphere, thereby reducing their (17) c___ at the site. These pollutants may then transported over a large distances and produce adverse effects in areas far from the site of the original emission. Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions from the central and eastern US are causing (18) a___ rain in New York State, England, and eastern Canada. The PH level, or the ralative acidity, of many fresh water lakes in that region has been altered so dramatically by this rain that entire fish populations have been destroyed. Similar effects have been observed in Europe. The worldwide increase in the burning of coal and oil since the late 1940s has led to ever-increasing concentrations of carbon dioxide. The resulting (19) "g___ effect" could lead to warming trend that might affect the global climate and lead to partial (20) m___ of polar ice caps. Possibly an increase in cloud cover or absorption of excess carbon dioxide by the oceans woud check the green house effect before it reached the stage of polar melting. Nevertheless, some research reports indicate that the green-house effect is definitely under way and that the nations of the world should be taking immediate steps to deal with it. Bài 3: Nối một từ ở cột A với một phần giải thích nghĩa ở cột B. I./ A B 1. estimate a./ a word or a group of words have a particular meaning 2. dialect b./ a letter or a groups of letters added to the end of a word to change its meaning or its use 3. term c./ something that is strange or unusual (especially in a troubling or displeasing way) to a particular person, thing, place, time, etc 4. onomatopoeia d./ to cause to continue indefinitely 5. prefix e./ a regional variety of a language distinguished by pronunciation, grammar, or vocabulary, especially a variety of speech differing from the standard literary language or speech pattern of culture in which it exists 6. suffix f./ the formation or use of words that copy exactly the sounds associate with the objects or actions they refer to 7. facilitate g./ a difference between things that should correspond or match 8. peculiarity h./ to calculate approximately (the amount, extent, magnitude, position, or value of something) 9. perpetuate i./ to make it easy or easier 10. discrepancy j./ a letter or a group of letters added to the beginning of a word to change its meaning or its use Bài 4: Viết lại những câu dới đây, sử dụng từ / cụm từ tơng ứng để thay thế cho định nghĩa của từ / cụm từ in nghiêng. Ví dụ: Mr. Brown is a member of the academy. -> Mr. Brown is an academician. 1 Prepared by Nguyen Sy Chien Wednesday, August 28, 2013 1. Tom's profession is to keep and examine business account. 2. They put a public announcement in the newspaper to make their products known to people. 3. She acted on what he advised her to do. 4. It is a vehicle for carrying people who are ill, wounded in wars or hurt in an accidents. 5. "Hot" is the word that is contrary in meaning to "cold". 6. In public parks there are long seats made of wood or of stones. 7. It is a branch of science that deals with how substances are made up, how their elements combine and how they act under different conditions. 8. He got up early to catch the train which was going at high speed without stopping at small stations. 9. He liked to read fairy tales in which there were men of great height and size. 10. They live in a country ruled by a king. 11. The increase of amount of money in circulation caused the prices to rise. 12. She went out for a meal taken in the middle of the day. 13. Behind the house there is a piece of ground with fruit trees. 14. This boy is a child who lost both of his parents by death. 15. He used to work after the usual working hours. 16. In the accident the lorry killed three people walking in the street. 17. They went into the room from which radio and television programmes are broadcast. 18. There is more unused labour now than there was six months ago. 19. After leaving the secondary school, she attended lectures in the Institute where they teach the science of cure and diseases. 20. There is a building in which they keep and repair cars at the end of the street. Bµi 5: Cho d¹ng ®óng cña tõ trong ngoÆc. WEDDING OF STRANGERS A wedding between two strangers who met for the first time when they exchanged marital vows during a peak time radio broadcast has come in for widespread (1) _________ (critic). Carla Germaine and Greg Cordell were married after winning each other in a "lonely heart" competition organized by BRMB radio station. The service, perhaps (2) _________ (surprise), attracted the highest ratings figures of the year. The model and salesman were (3) _________ (dismiss) of their critics and say they have made a serious (4) __________ (commit) to make their marriage work. "Everyone seems to have the (5) __________ (expect) that we will split up, but we’re going to prove them wrong," Cordell said (6) __________ (defy). The couple were selected from 200 (7) __________ (hope) candidates by a panel including (8) __________ (relate) counsellors and an astrologer. As well as each other, they won a free honeymoon in the Bahamas, a sports car and a luxury two bedroom apartment. 1. criticism 2. surprisingly 3. dismissive 4. commitment 5. expectation 6. defiantly 7. hopeful 8. relationship 9. talkative 10. unimaginable 11. similarities 12. knowing 13. scientific 14. consciousness 15. definition ANIMALS Most cat and dog owners would swear their pet was virtually human. It’s pleased to see you and shows its disapproval when they go. It may not be particularly (9) __________ (talk) or a genius mathematics but it sees grass as green and inhabits as rich world of smells (10) __________ (imagine) to us. Until recently such notions of a pet’s inner life, with (11) __________ (similar) to our own in some ways would have been met with a (12) __________ (know) sneer in many respected (13) __________ (science) circles. Nowdays in fact, claiming (14) __________ (conscious) for your pets is commonplace. The problem now is providing an adequate (15) __________ (define) of what this actually means. Is it about having sensations like hunger and pain, or is it more about the ability to be aware that you are experiencing something? Bµi 5: Chọn một phương án thích hợp nhất để hoàn thành câu, từ câu 1 đến câu 15 Câu 1: I am sure they will be very __________ at your success. A. delight B. delighted C. delighting D. delightful Câu 2: If you want to put up a tent, you will have to look for a nice flat piece of __________. A. ground B. soil C. earth D. floor Câu 3: The day-to-day __________ of the company is left to a board of directors at the top. A. working B. establishing C. running D. all are correct Câu 4: __________, he was unharmed after being hit by lightning. A. Consequently B. Finally C. Cautiously D. Miraculously Câu 5: I think it’s a bit __________ to hope that we can beat them easily. They are much younger and better. A. reality B. really C. realized D. unreal Câu 6: Nobody can approve of his __________ to work. He is so irresponsible. A. character B. behaviour C. attitude D. manner Câu 7: The old man is __________ of walking 100 meters by himself. A. inexperienced B. incapable C. unable D. immature Câu 8: Why are you whispering to each other? If you have something important __________ it aloud to all of us. A. to say B. said C. saying D. say Câu 9: Each of the four types of human __________ suited for a specific purpose. A. tooth are B. teeth is C. tooth is D. teeth are Câu 10: __________ my friends has watched the film yet. A. No B. Not any of C. None D. None of 2 . use Bài 4: Viết lại những câu dới đây, sử dụng từ / cụm từ tơng ứng để thay thế cho định nghĩa của từ / cụm từ in nghiêng. Ví dụ: Mr. Brown is a member of. Chien Wednesday, August 28, 2013 Phần II: các câu hỏi về từ vựng Bài 1: Cho dạng thức thích hợp của từ trong ngoặc. 1. (geography) ___, the most widespread