Oxford first masterclass workbook with answer keys

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UFlq e C eg o oJ f redun[ Fuo¡ o_ relurids e y ¿oq sl olalLlle Jo pu!Y leqM 'Uods stq ]noqe Fu!Ilel olalL{}e ue Jeor.l no uotleurjoJut lo^ej] JoJ ISe O] oJollMatuos auooulos o- o t f (+ = C olt^Ut o] g o] V ]rstn e aBuet.le ¿Fulllec re¡eeds eq1 sr Áq¡¡ 'ourqceu Eul.le¡nsue auoqde¡e1 e uo eFessou jeaq e no Uod.lle ue ]e ]e s,]ueBe loneJ] e Z C g uotlels acr¡od e ]e V ¿ece¡d ole] uotlenlts aLl] ptp a;or.lM 'uotlenlts ]uacor e ]noqe Furylel e¡doed o/v\] leoLl no T g'v) '(c,¡o lel sue ]saq elll esooqc ,g_¡ suotlenlls suor¡senb ,rog tueroJrlp lqFre u! Fu!ilel e¡doed reeq ilrM no^ T.T (* T EUIUOJSII T ]JEd .1: +J c ,¡ ,/ )ec e o^up suorlsalo ur olo^ ,/ C o Jorplos e auocoq souareElc Ánq / / q) p / E ro (J c 8T LT 9T 9T NT TT loorlcs e^eal qol orut]-Ued e ]oF eFV ZT Slod /inq ,¡ rt] l- (U / 'Fu tr.tt iue ¡{ed l, ulsnu.¡ ol a¡eq aM os 'Uacuoc aq] ro¡ slalcr] uol oM a t,uplp 'Eulql e ]noqe ,{lro¡n ol poau J,uop / ol erctl J,uop no,i os 'op o} uol Ful1lou s,aJoLll 'opeu uooq lle oneq slueureFuerJe aLlI p 'oraLl] / 'uaolq?p ot,no,{ leun oollel e axeq J,uec no^ 'oo]lel e aAeq ol pat oile e),noÁ'uee*l3rc at,noÁ ueqM o o_ o_ Apoqou sem oiaL,ll 'Uodssed Áur uanoqs a¡eLl ],upeau noqs ol paeu l,uplp ¡ leproq aq] possorc I oLur] ]sel oL.lI c 'snq e L.fclecÁ¡rsee uec | 'Url e (t) l{ ü 'splec &!luap! ñrcc _t9t e lea^ ol ateq J,uop s_1 / ¡ulsnw uoJplrtlc 'sorrlunoc auo u'sacuelues aseql u! qle^ oroul /v\oul u¡ no^ ']srluap ÁcueBraura ue oleu all] aas o] ]uaulu¡odde - os']LlF!u ]sel eLlcellloo] alqura] peq I I e,.,ll Á¡uo q e t Fut>,1oo¡ '/v\el aLl] S,]l 'Sal.Ul] 'lleqlooJ ul _ "P_9lolL? ?l t,_,_ 'spueq slLl rll!/v\ lleq redee¡¡eoE qclLUrA ,{ueu #:íi;,"#:T:;;'":""r: 'uorlenlrs rnoÁ lnoqe Á¡¡eer ¡ 'no,{ dlaul ol FuloF ru,lJl ar,no^ '¡¡asrno,i Jo orec oJor.u ole] '- '-^* **-t i^^ ****^*-*'*- o1- s,]l 'aroq] a¡cÁctq rno¡{ eneel , no^ aM 'uoos sn oos pue i i 'acueurojred eql stlderBolotld Eupnp s! ]! ]ell] popunuoJ - ole srolelcedg o] q :".ód ou enlBl,ulsnw /l,upeeu no^ 'r.ujoJrun loollcs 3ldWVXl 'ol pemoile og pue l,uec'uec lu¡sn 'op ol pe/nolle ere ulel¡g u¡ e¡doed FunoÁ leq/lllu¡q¡rcsep secueluos ollr/n pue ueqc aql u! uorletuJolu! eql peeu E ;;;; ;;;;;;;;;1 Ol e^eLl l,UOp | 1,up¡noqs I,UlSnl'U O] ],UAAeL] L*l-:I-I-l*ll-Il** -*1:Iji-1"* " Yi.-1"I-Y-"'-'-I I -.-:-:-."*1"::-I.-l-:I-" Y*: 'paJl],{ren e¡doad Lls!1Ug 'sorlrleuorleu ouos alllun i :_19! aq] Llono] I 1,upếu' oi aneq l,üop r,réc ,éó a p no c lle ]e noÁ qlrm Uodssed rno¡{ Árec ,{¡luaBrn qcno} ur }eE no¡{ asec ur raqunu euoqd IJo^ Áru s,e;e¡1 q 'seFe to¡ noÁ uoas ],uanell 'qledlooJ eqt Ful>1colq i petc¡rlset peluenerd uopprqroJ peuueq ,,,",,,-,] ale] ;r ouoc i P!_n9ll:- _o_1 - P"_"1_ ,i¡¡eer *l_._ly no¡ e 9l 31?t l 'a¡qrssod l Xr_esslca.u- xrgg lorugc pe^o¡¡á 'uoolxrs pue oAU ¡o saBe aL,l] uoo/v\loq erou 'sosec ouos ul '/noloq sr Jo/nsue euo ueq] orll to surroJ lcerJoc eql ql!/r^ sqJen lepou secuelues osor,ll e¡e¡duo3 tr |ool.,lcSpUa}}eo}uolp|ll.lcJoJ-Sl}lule}llBU| qcea salalduroc lseq sq¡a^ lepohl 'ecueluas eserqd ro pro/r^ oq] esoot.l3 reLULUer9 t Reading and Use of Engtish Part You are §oin§ to read a magazine article about !rish folk dancin§ For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits best accordin§ to the text 1, What did the stage show Riverdance achieve? A lt showed lrish competition dancing at its best B lt demonstrated how complicated lrish dancing is C lt presented traditional dances from all over the world D lt introduced lrish dancing to an international audience Why some individual dresses cost so much money? A B They are made of very heavy material The pattern of each dress is different from every other C They are made of very expensive material D They are created by top designers What we find out about the competition judges? A B C -o How does the writer compare lrish dancing with other sports? c(() A She thinks it is more competitive than other sports B She thinks performance matters less than in many q) (J C rt] t(o r C o_ o_ She thinks experience is more important than in other sports r(] What many peopte not know about, however, is competition s t{ posture, can make up 40-50% of the dancer's total score than in other sports Solo competition dresses often run to thousands of dottars What is important about lrish dancing to the dancers themselves? A the honour of winning compet¡tions B their beautifully designed costumes because of the intricatety embroidered designs which are unique ro What people appreciate most about dance competitions? make-up are atlmarks of status Dancers begin preparing for competitions up to a week in advance by apptying fake tan to their tegs Then, for almost an rs dfld a half before performing, they perfect themsetves - applying make-up, attaching wigs, and gtuing their socks to their legs to A the uniqueness of the dancers' costumes B the teamwork shown by groups of dancers C the fact that the dancers look beautiful D the fact that the pedormers are talented athletes eách dress The otder and more experienced a dancer is, the hear her make-up and the more etaborate her dress Dresses, shoes C working hard and making good friends D the fact that they are representing their country dancing and the importance of appearance in competitions Appearance, which can include costume, make-up, shoes and D She thinks there is more pressure on the participants 1J Traditionatlrish folk dancing, which is well known for its cotourful costumes and etaborate steps, has become very gtamorous si the stage show Riverdance made it recognizabte attover the other sports o tr They are sympathetic if a dancer makes a mistake C They only watch one dancer at a time D They pay Sreat attention to all the dancers .! +J pc) They are looking for perfection prevent them from falting down lt seems incredibte that the c of hours a dancer spends preparing for a competition are atmost equalin points to the months, or even years, that she spends zo perfecting and memorizing compticated steps ln competition, dancers wittperform different steps in a line of a dozen or more dancers A judge wiltwatch severaldancers at once, but if the judge perceives a singte imperfection in the appearance or in her performance, he wittmove on to watch a zs better dancer lf a dancer cannot catch and hotd the attention of the judge, she has no chance of winning a medalor even a ptace i ,I i:á ,l # ,.d d lr,$ ,(llod 'lle^ s,lle edo¡1 'qcunl (ut) (enrile) la¡e uopuol ut lsn[ )ceq pue Dururotu Áeprn¡es uo araLl (enee¡) (l) e¡n 'Iceq (te6) (l) I se uoos se 6u¡.r e no¡{ enr6 ¡¡,¡ 'uorlceJue lsrJnol a6nq p s,ll olrl leoJ ut entsse¡duut olotu uone (foot) (f) ll lnq 'sLUl!+ ut ro Af -uo lt uoos en,Áeq¡ (!) osnecoq slll sl unassoloC otll lerl/v\ (nnou¡)- o;ns Lu,l 'uec o^ se salrs luotcue otll ,to Áueut auoÁ.¡ene (lrsrn) (q) e/v\ pue 'qlt^ Alts;anlun lB ru,l se spuou+ auos rllr^ oiaq lao^ e (pueds)'solelsr.u +o (6) t slol (e¡eu) (e) t tnq 'uertell - 0) ¡ (mou¡) 'llent (p) t Aren qst¡6u3 (¡eeds) ¡eads o1(tu¡) (c) ureq¡ +o ¡Sotu pue 'A¡pueu¡ Áien ete e¡doad (q) teneu I! pup Áep Árena or.ll'urer o¡ (uees) (eurqs) (e) uns eq1 'Á¡rc crlspiuel e s,ll 'Mou ereq Á¡¡enloe LU,l 'l106 ¿l l,up!p 'eutog o¡ 6uto6 sp^A I noÁ p¡o¡ aJoLU C 'aluep L.lsul o^rlrJodu;o¡;o slradse Jaqlo al{l ueql luellodLul saLuolaq y;r ¡ods sseqdua oLll'puo al.ll aql lla#e Álanrle8au Á1uo ¡rnn erue"reedde uo 'suleol se pue slenprntpurse qloq 's-lof,uep ul aql Jo ll»ls pue u.rsoqalllle aql sl uoqqaduor aluep Jo uoq3erllE orlJl aql'u{¡ensr¡ 'aleurlrSolsll! 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eq plnoqs sqJe^ llv'slelcerq ur qre^ eq] to rurol lce¡roc oql qlr/r^ lleue s¡q¡ e¡e¡duog z ¿,iqeq e Funcadxa s! / slcadxa Jolsrs ,{u }eq} no,i ¡¡41 ¡ pt6 t 'snorcrlep sr / sa¡se¡ laaq Funsel / wa Á¡¡ensn l,uop I e s!rll ]nq ']eotu Fullea Á¡¡ensn Jou w,l 'A.llunoc / aLl] JaAo Fu!ila^eJ] uJ,l / p^u] ne »uo/A lÁ¡¡euro¡ oul no,i og Ioa^ slq] ]nq 'euoq le Fu!»uot¡ Lu,l / Lol Ful?uoloq s/ / s?uopq ]eq sllll oqm p c ^ 'Eur,{ouue Á¡¡ear s,}l 'rlo}e^ plnol.ls ¡ seuuerFord AI ]eqm ew Fuilpl s,{en¡e e),no^ / rcl sÁen¡e no¡ q 'luor.uor.u all] ]e yJoM olFul¡ltp w,l / a^Up t¿Iceq noÁ Eu¡r I ueC e 'socuelues esaql atalduoc ol qJe^ aql lo r,urol lcorroc aql esoot{C tr JeLULUeJ9 Writiñg Part The paragraphs of this sample essay are not in the correct order Read the essay and put the five paragraphs in the correct order Do not try to choose the correct words yet E tr E I I lt is clear that for some of these people, such experiments with appearance are successful; (a) but / however things can go seriously wrong Unfortunately, (b) this / such can cause great unhappiness and can even ruin people's lives lt seems that the majority of operations are on people (c) who / which are simply unhappy with the way they look They believe that altering their physical appearance will increase their confidence or make them more attractive to other people They hope surgery will make it easier for them to make friends or to get a good job tOl They / There have been many recent reports about cosmetic surgery operations that have gone wrong When I heard about these, I wondered why so many people choose to have these oPerations t"l To / tn conclude, I would suggest that everyone considering cosmetic surgery should first receive honest medical advice and be warned about the risks involved fO ft / There is no doubt that some cosmetic operations are necessary for medical or psychological reasons, (É) by / for example for patients who have been involved in serious accidents (h) However / But, it is clear from the number of operations conducted every year that most 'patients' are not in (i) this / the category .1: Now choose the correct words in italics in a-i above +J cq) p E C ro o (J C ro l- Reading and Use of Engtish Part t For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each g!ap There is an example at the beginn¡ng (O) ro o o_ o- (] F{ #tr Tweetie de Leon-Gonzalez lOl broke into the competitive world of modelling at the from gett:ng' notice, but she was not easily (r) ers agoóf l+ n* ttl , ''her eduea$ofi $he accepted modelling projects brrt made t3l , thesews're only'l at weekends With a discipline that would make any parent proud, this hard-working student finished high school and then (41 a university degree in philosophy to rt-:- ü' pro1ects continued , After graduating, Tweetie went job-hunting, but nrodelling (ü} {§} her way until her days were all booked up lt was o'nly after corfipet1ion that she deeided to take {7} ,.* modelling as a profession As 'r,,':r wellas ' earning the respect of other models, she established solid friendships throughout her career Yet at the height of her popularity, she turned her back on the glamour of the fashion world because she was findlng modelling less and rcsált*l- , She said it was beginning to feel more like work than enjoyment OA threw 1A 2A 3A 4A 5A 6A 7A 8A took disturbed definite awarded come taking on rewarding B started B got B distracted B careful B held B find B gaining Bto B popular q@ C made C interested C clear C won cgo C winning cup C agreeable D launched D Saw D interrupted D sure D earned D make D going Din D entertaining ' l Átu apeu ll 'Fu¡ualqBUJ 'pua uo puels ,illeer se/v\ ]l ']qBlu ]sel euroulc eLl] ]e LUll] rojrot,l e poLlcle/v\ ' LUIS C 0) | aq] qBnorq],{e¡rn aq}llepo)4le}aH.-eLl]UlwedpaeSe^^otUpUll.]aqEu!ulsuosledeq1 ')elelA a\oqe lw t dae4 o] EulBeueu ]noqe lsnf u,¡ ]nq 'op o] Ilo/v\ Llcnul oo] ]oE oA,l 'lensn sV 'sorueg clduu¡ilo oLl] o] ]o),lcl] e )o!ltlF¡t Áw a^!F p,l Olvil +-, u/Ao )rcql uo puels o] psureo¡ en,,{aq¡'uee}uenes ro uoa}xrs are uorplrqc aur} eq} != c ,{w 1o dD aql uo s,}r - peu eur Furnup s,}l 'eueu aqlq Ág Jaq Joqtuoruor },uec I p c - (o 0) U C noÁqeys o1,{¡e¡r¡ e}rnb s,e¡1 'noÁ ora/v\ l}l urlof qlrmli¡pueu} oo}}oF},uplno/v\ | q ro l- ro G) o_ o_ eBU )aLl punu utlL.l ts!/ l *-"sóü^ ueo aqs ro] sISe eqs Eurr.llri;ano o1 ,soÁ, s,{es loq}e} -td* lá.Füoi (() ;Fii peoLl rleq roH ]aa] Iceq reBuU e ure ¡noÁ ur ),lcorlC 'esn ol peau lou op noÁ leLll spJo/n oA l ore oraql'secuelues esoql ur scileil u! 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Apog O a 'uedo Á¡ep¡n / aptn ere¡n se¡{e s!q 'ulLl 1e Á¡eso¡c polool o/v\ uoLuv\ lnq 'dee¡se seM aL{ }tlBnoq} lle aM p qanot dee¡s e¡doed porpunLl lera^os '}rlBlu ,üen3 c 'erluoc ,{}rc atl} ul,{lqFnot 'l¡aa4 / aa4 ure Áuu / onotlr o] alqe uaoq l,uonel¡ I ']uaprcce aLl] ecurs ranf q 'IOeq ¡{u uo ,{neU / rcU n4l l!}un Ácr os sean qled oll} ozrlear },uptp I e A¡essecau ¡¡ Áreuo¡¡c¡p rnoÁ ul lceqC 'secueluos asoql u! qJenpe lceJJoc aql asoor lC t sqreApv 'fruunt rol pro/rt leurol erou e s! Llclr.l/n promssorc aql u! pro/n lecllren Fulssltu aq] pulJ z (srepa¡ g) ',iqeq e oy!l seaul pue spueq.lnoÁ uo o^onl L (sre¡a¡ 6) 'Enrqs no¡i ]eq],ipoq rnoÁ 1o sped aq1 L I (sreuel y) 'euoatuos ]e,{lBulnol ),lool (sratr1a¡ 7) 'speer rallol-ounuol e ]eq] pueLl rnoÁ ¡o yed eq1 (srepel g) 'Jo snorcsuoc ouroooq / lods / aes yed aq1 (srenel t) 'qnls uec no,{ }eLl} }ooJ rnoÁ ¡o ? i e e z ¿ (srellal g) 'saÁe rnoÁ Furnou lnoLllrm aul] Euol e roJ Fulqlotuos ]e lool T 'spro/n Fu!ss!ru oql u! III pue suol]lultop aql pee5 T T sqlol Fu¡ees pue sp¡o^,\ Ápog Ále¡nqProA Reading and Use of Engtish Partz You are gloins to read a newspaper article about a child genius For questions 1-1O, choose from the sections (A-D).The sections may be chosen more than once Which paragraph says that the writer found it hard to establish rules? suggests that the writer controlled how Leo spent his leisure time? describes an incident which shocked the writer? gives an example of Leo's inventiveness? states that the writer believed some people thought he wasn't strict enough with Leo? refers to Leo's enquiring mind? gives examples of Leo's stubbornness? states that the writer finds parenting Leo difficult but worthwhile? suggests that the writer is confident that Leo will succeed in life? says that finding the risht environment for Leo was key to his development? ffi ffi ffi ffi ffi ffi ffi ffi ffi ffi a +J C 0) ro +, §¡ # c A r My 11-year"old son Leo is a flnalist in Channel 4's 'Child Genius' competition, For me, it caps a decade spent learning how to raise a child whose intellect and independence of spirit simply aren't ordinary lt has been rewarding, but it hasn't always ¡ been easy I was struck by Leo's curiosity and independence of thought almost as soon as he could speak When I told little Leo something, he would hungrily analyze it and respond with a penetrating question, He learned to play Monopoly at four and was soon beating me; at six, he had read the Odyssey He would ro jigsaw puzzles without the pictures - because it was more challenging, ln fact, for every game he played, he would make up new rules, ones that would make the games harder There are of course other downsides to having a very bright child Not least of these is dealing with the education system, I've seen :o state schools that are content to be of average standard, and expensive private schools with equally average teachers that don't make allowances for students who have different needs, which I find alarming, I will never forget the ignorant teacher who, in my hearing, patronized my six-year-old when he referred m to Shakespeare as a poet 'He wrote prose,' she snapped Eventually, we found the right school for him, His frustration has gone, he has matured, he has strong friendships, and his grades are mainly 'A's At last, he's just an intelligent, appropriately siimulated child, and achieving his potential D B Leo's lQ was tested on his 11th birthday, lt scored him in the top 0,01 per cent of his age group So yes, he is bright, I think I only rs f ully admitted that to myself after I saw those results Not having other children, I had no real way of measuring Leo's intelligence, And, also, I have to admit that part of me just wanted a standard kid Every parent wants their child to socialize well and make f riends, not to be a genius and potentially difficult, Discipline was :* challenging Explaining to Leo that he needed to sit in a given place, eat a given meal, foltow a given routine, he would invariabty ask, 'Why?' And, often, he'd ref use, By the time he was four, it was sometimes hard to tell if he was wildly creative, or merely wild, tfelt isolated, because many parents and teachers assumed ei; that Leo was atlowed to just as he liked The opposite was true We worked daily to impose routines But Leo was reluctant to go along with anything just because he was asked to 'Child Genius' has very much cast me in the role of the pushy parent, but I would argue that I have simply been discriminating Leo has seen little live television in his life; instead, good stuff on DVDs and as many books as he has wanted At six, he was reading versions of the classics written for ieenagers, and last +s w€ek we watche d Coriolanus together, Shakesp.ár*', language was not a barrier for him, This September, Leo goes to a highly academic secondary schoo{, and he plans to go to university, He's strong in maths and English, and a keen actor, What will he become, I wonder: a barrister, a doctor, a journalist? I tell him he sü can be anything he wants to be, and I believe it The programme has conflrmed my belief that raising a really bright child is a task society neither really understands nor supports, +c II 'lootlcs a c aq] o] sluotuonordur roJ seop/ Áw Fussatdxa ¡edrcuud eql o] olu/v\ o] EuloB LU,l t +, 'sr.lluorl lelonas Aq awwet8otd FUglnq-esnoq aql pa,{e¡ep eneq Á¡lueco; peq on,o/v\ sr.uJo}surer alqpro} or l1 e ql rt] +J 'adecse o] par;] Áeq¡ (\ 'sarueduoc ]ourolur 1J c uA se sloqqoJ IUeq aq] yoeile sflop laql epew ec¡¡od eq1 Fuvels uoaq eneq e¡doed etou pue oloru Á¡1uacau o Jratl] p c 'lo^eJ] o] Áe¡n Buo¡ e ]oE eA,oM '^ olrotuo] Á¡;ee e^eq rapoq p,e6 q 'Fuu wtep )eE)nq oqt epew /v\opur/v\ uedo ue qBnolq] asnoLl or.,l] olul toB r.lclr.lrvr ]ec V e L9r- ,_q§r$_.r9_:l ]no JJO )4oeq i 'sprofir eseql ¡o euo pus ¡es ¡o rüJo¡ ¡celloc aql q¡!/rr sooue¡uas esaq¡ u! sclfel ul sqro^ oq¡ oceldeu ¿ ¡as qún sq¡a ¡eserq¿ @ 'alenper? e qaLl ,{es o} ?uroB tou s,aq 'aull uaN 'qo[ aqt ]o¡ se^ eq plo] se,\ eq '}a¡Jeruradns ¡eco¡ e ur sa,r¡aqs Bullcels qol' e roJ pa dde Llsof puauJ uaqM , ']uau.¡a^arLlce ue se/r\ or e ul seu]rl uáAes drqsuordueqc eql^u SuluulM I ^ Inser e se pe;ernocslp loB I pue epeu I elelsrrx '- elFurs /üo^a lno polulod aqs -euerp se/y\ Iool]cs le ' - se¡raLlceal qsllBuS,{N e }e loor.lcs /qr^rlce eluno^e] /v{ p sem uepre? aql pue sJeáÁ roJ esnoq eq] ur pe rl peq euo ^llBal oN c 'sueof^JJnJcs ,o Jred e ur po^ue oqs se se^ alqdos pue'opaxnt e peor alqdos Jo r.xoj - se¡ aH lr u! dn pauinl aq sB aql raqlra lurq] l,uop I lnq ',lpnsec-Ueus, plps uo!}el!^ul q ^lied 'p¡edrapun pUe-eleÁaq1}eL{}FUlu!e¡duoc.aIlJ}SuoeuoFo^eL]JJe}S¡e1tdso¡1e - LP3tEl_ L?IllglP _ fl?ylP'g *yI_??* " -*-"-' I*":_:?lP_ _191t_'t113_ r9:}]l'_i rcpun'toto '/nolaq lsll eql tuoJJ e^rlce[pe + xr¡erd e¡e¡rdordde ue q]r/n secuelues eq¡ a¡e¡duoC T 'rcdfiq'et7xe :sex¡¡erd en¡¡cefpy ÁrelnqBroA Vocabulary Grammar page 7a doing edoing f 've made / b make g make c d to / doing ! a made Grammar a must/ should page s b have to / need to c must d had to e must / need to / should f need to a don't have to b needn't c didn't need to show d don't have to / don't need to e didn't have to a compulsory d is allowed b forbidden e don't have to c can't When you're twelve, you can / you're allowed to buy pets / you're not allowed to buy pets until you're twelve You can't When you're thirteen, you can / you're allowed to get a part-time job You can't / you're not allowed to get a part-time job until you're thirteen o -v, When you're sixteen, you can / you're allowed to leave school You can't / you're not allowed to leave school until you're sixteen When you're eighteen, you can / you're allowed to buy cigarettes You can't / you're not allowed to buy ci§arettes until you're ei§hteen When you're eighteen, you can / you're allowed to vote in elections You can't / you're not allowed to vote in elections until you're eighteen When you're sixteen, you can / you're allowed to become a soldier You can't / you're not allowed to become a soldier until you're sixteen When you're seventeen, you can / you're allowed to drive a car You can't / you're not allowed to drive a car until you're seventeen Reading and Use of Engtish b Vocabulary ! page I'm driving You're always telling s 1, c belongs T d I work, I'm travelling N o e I don't usually eat, taste A L M P f is expecting G A h are visiting a shines i knows b seems c j looks c speak S H d am trying k get e know I leave / are leaving a flat b freely f am making m arrive / arriving c rough g am spending 4a finger Writing page b back c tongue It is clear that for some of these d feet people, such experiments with appearance are successful, (a) but things can go seriously wrong Unfortunately, (b) thís can cause great unhappiness and can even ruin people's lives It seems that the majority of operations are on people (c) who are simply unhappy with the way they look They believe that altering their physical appearance will increase their confidence or make them more attractive to other people They hope surgery will make it easier for them to make friends or to get a good job (d) Ihere have been many recent reports about cosmetic surgery operations that have gone wrong When I heard about these, I wondered why so many people choose to have these operations (e) Io conclude, I would suggest that everyone considering cosmetic surgery should first receive honest medical advice and be warned about the risks involved (f) There is no doubt that some cosmetic operations are necessary for medical or psychological reasons, (g) for example for patients who have been involved in serious accidents (h) However, it is clear from the 1D 28 3A 48 5C 6D page 1A 28 3D 4D 5A C 8A 6C A o E T R E C E Z E R A W L o U L D E R S d wide e lately earm f g h head neck hair Readrng and Use of English page 10 1B 2D 3C 4A 5B 6A 7B 8A 9D 10C Vocabulary page LL a undervalued b overdressed, underdressed c overgrown d extra-curricular e overcritical / hypercritical f extraordinary g overqualified a A cat which got ¡nto the house b c d through an open window set off the burglar alarm / set the burglar alarm off We'd better set off early tomorrow We've got a long way to travel Recently more and more people have been setting up their own internet companies The police set their dogs on the bank robbers as they tried to escape e number of operations conducted Reading and Use of English T Unit every year that most 'patients' are not in (i) this category page 78 pase e f The terrible rain storms we've had recently have set back the house- building programme / set the house-building programme back by several months I'm going to write to the principal setting out my ideas / setting my ideas out for improvements to the school 6L ]saq oLt] ilv d sdlor.,l slLl] odoH elrnb ll!] o u LU slrns uels elrq^ e roJ sdeqred os I ),1 l' I r1 preq E oorJ J un] o pulrx rnoÁ dn oleu p tlll/v\ UelS oI c ,{ddeq ueL,l} arou q noÁ uor,t reaq vr, eBed o] pooe e T, afled flur1rr¡¡ Jo]]aq ']soq oslo^ Á¡rea¡c arou J enrsuedxe p oJotu Á¡ree¡c a Ja]]e] aqt sEuul Áreurpro otl] Jo ¡{ueur op },uec ALI 'Cllsllne Sl lalueC osnecAq 'lonOrvtOg 'Sllo/v\ ]UeAeS cllsllne ue JO pUltU all] /v\otl puelslapun o] paou Slslluolcs LlclLlM Áey eql eprnord plnoc aLl 'oS 'MoLl slslluorcs llol ],uec lnq sFulqt op ]sn[ sreq]o aLlI 'saop aLl leLllvr aqucsap uec aLl leql sl sls/jua/cs ol Funsarclu! 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Maggie No, certainly not / was once addicted to gamblinS myself Can I start by asking you how lnt you became addicted and, perhaps more importantly, how you managed to kick the habit? Magg¡e Well, let me start by saying it was a lot more difficult to stop than it was to start, lt began in a very innocent way, really A §roup of us at work used to meet for a game of cards every week We played for very low stakes, but for some reason almost always won, and sadly, got ¡t into my head that I was a luc§ person I I 80 Samble smaller and smaller amounts of money each time such a good secret How much money did you make lnt in the end? Magg¡e ln the first month, I made over two thousand pounds The 1-o 1-a3 b7 c2 a never got used to b used to smoke c are used to getting dressed d get used to driving e did you use to live l¿ actually make? person, I started gambling online - and strangely I went on winning Believe it or not, in my first week, I made over a hundred pounds Perhaps my mistake was that I didn't tell anyone what I was doin$ I kePt it Vocabutary page 16 d g¡ving away 1, a give back e gave in / gave uP b gave out Grammar to §radually reduce the amount of time / spent online, and to Maggie Next to nothing, really probably about five pounds a week Playing for money just made the game a bit more exciting Anyway, because lwas convinced that I was a lucky Unit c That does sound very innocent How much money did you lnt Five thousand? Magg¡e Yes, but even then, I thought I'd win again if I went on playing But over the next few weeks, lost more often than I won, until I had almost no money left in the bank lnt So what did you do? Magg¡e ln the end / asked my dad for a loan - I told him I needed a new I car And nobody advised you to stop? Magg¡e No - because nobody knew I think my close friends misht have guessed but didn't know for sure Anyway, to cut a long story short, eventually I realized gambling was ruining my life and I decided to look for help lnt Where did you go? lnt Maggie I phoned a helpline and got an appointment with an addiction counsellor She was brilliant How did she help? lnt Magg¡e She said it was the activity was addicted to, rather than the money, so her advice was I At one point I thought about getting together with other addicts, but decided against it in the end lnt And were you able to follow that advice? Maggie Well, eventually,yes, but I can't pretend it was easy Did you go on losing money? lnt Magg¡e Sometimes I won and sometimes I lost, but the amounts were never very large, so the impact on my life was not as great as it had been After two months I began to get bored Almost without realizing il, I found / was choosin§ to spend my money on c/othes, books, go¡ng to the cinema things like that So when was the last time you lnt gambled? Maggie Three years ago I can't believe I was so stupid And now you help other PeoPle Int with the same problem? Magg¡e Yes, that's ri§ht I work as a volunteer for the same organization that helPed me use the same method, too And does it always work? lnt Maggie Usually, yes The thing is, it takes people different lengths of time to kick the habit, but in the end they nearly all - or they I at /east reduce the¡r gambl¡ng to a levelthey can control Some people are hapPy with that You must find it very rewarding lnt Magg¡e I - because I know how dreadful addiction can be Next, we're going to talk to lnt someone who is still addicted to online gambling and ask Maggie to give her some advice Grammar page 17 !a experience e b lights c noise d much time a bit/ piece / b bit / piece / c bit / stroke language f exercises g room word sheet o Y T8 peL{slu!J oAeL{ lllM o^A a /p ]r ra^ sue Fu¡¡orus ll,l c tu,l q dn enrB o] EuloF spuet { Z dn oE lllin Fu¡nt¡ uooq o^el.l ll,l tl oB ll,l I le^er] o] EuloB ru,l sa^eal Mous o] EuloF s,]l EuUle¡n aq ll,l Bu!]eeu u,l )e^au Áeq1'q\¡n 'FultllÁue wU pqse pue FupF se/ I oLU,^ uaql¡ sluarcd Áw ilal ol peq slen¡e ¡ ¿,{eql },uare 's.le}qBnep lloL.l} tl}t/v\ lo}ctl}s s,iern¡e are sluoled'pnoc lueql )elel qcnw no Áels pfioc aq suaal s/q u, se/v1 aq uaq\ 'Fu[]],iue qltrn,{eme leE o} elqe aq o] pouaas eH 'trtltl Jo snoleol's,{em¡e sel | - reBuno,{ oJaAA oM uaq/v\ ¡¡am r{len uo ]aF ],uplp oM 'sloa^ ]sol.u lleua lo Ile] oM 'rulr.,l L.l]!/v\ Llcno] ut dae¡ o] o),1!l | ]nq 'uor.utuoc ur tlcnu o^eLl ],uop oM 'r.ulr l poau I J! auoqd aL{} }o puo otl} }e ]ng 'etlellsnv ul Fulnll s,all - J a p c O q dn 1t pa¡ctd c uo s¡c¡d q dn sn pelcld e I, Árelnqeso¡ g re¡eedg 'pa,iorlsep filelol / Aptelduloc se^ oql 'aJu alqula] e sem ]etll asnoLl Flq e Fu!¡eq se^^ t/ cllsewe] oLl spuauJ ^ ,{w ¡¡e ilat pue ew\ \euq te wlq pull Pue oF p,l'au roue polool ]o Uos aq '¡ooqcs pauels I uaLlM 'lootlcs ]e oLU lo peaLle rceA e se^A aq - eBe ut osolc ,iltald eJ,oM 'snorlas Fultlt,iue ranau ]nq ']ell] aX!l Jlnls 'A1 UO rlCle/v\ O] ]eLlM ]noqe ]uaunBle ppo aLll eneq p,oM '¡¡em A¡¡eet uo ]oF s,ieat¡e ¡{o} a}unone} s,raL{}otq Áu oyolq oluno^el s,Jot¡lorq ,iu e¡orq r{¡e¡eteq¡¡ep I 'rno} se^A I uoq6 Aol 'r{cr I ere speor se/v\ JaLl}olq P ,{n c 'uo pooF Fultlleuos s,alol.ll Jt arleaq] eqt oF I seulleuos /,(lleuolsecco q Z ,iran'Á¡ elo]'¡ilalelduloc ¡ ',{¡e1n¡osqe :aelBap }o sqJoApV soultloulos'Á¡etel',{¡¡euotsecco 'sÁem¡e :sqJa^pe Ácuenbel¡ ,{¡uo 'uena ',{¡¡etcedse tsqlonpe Futsnco¡ ÁleleunuoJu n'ÁlBu lstrdl ns',{¡ t¡cn 'r{lBu l}sa.le}u I :sqlonpe }uotu tuoC Á¡entltsues' pJel,l',i¡e¡eteq¡ ¡aP 'Á¡snoreBuep :rauueu Jo sqlaAPV T ¡ oz eEed Árelnqelo¡ eA,oA pue 'reled pollec s,taqlolq Á¡¡¡ ¿;e¡eedg 'acu,s )ota spueu] uaaq eA,aA pue'uoutwoc u! speol peLl aM pazpa) Wtlt / dn tuorl L g I lla/v\ Jo oqm t t aJoLlM ¿ r!aq] r-l]!M elÁ leql uaLll se/A u 'act^pe )ol )aqlo qsee Fu!\se pue Fu!\pt pauets sl/t/C pue ew 'ÁenÁuy 'pe] pue wnN qyn sluewn?te Fumeq pauels t aw\ aures aql ]V 'wlLl uo Fu¡4c¡d uo/A ilaqceel aql - /ooqcs le ew\ qFnot e Fulneq pauels at¡ 'uealns tnoqe se/ aLl ueqM uai/l 'EullLlFU T OZ eBed qsllSuf Jo asn pue Sulpea¡ esauede¡ 'meu puelq 'riul] o ollr.liv\ pue Icelq 'alenbs 'aEle¡ p urapoul'lle]'lnJllneaq uouoc'ueelF'¡ensnun q ueuou 'p¡o'eFnU e uor]selslles I uolslnord a s,{em¡e araM I pue sUtlC 'peqEnel aneq ]snI p,,ieq] 'osolc sltl] aq Jana p,o^A Jt reBunori alo^ eM uotl^ sontlelo; Jno ¡o Aue palSe p,noÁ lt soc, ÁuunJ s,U Jalloq I puodser I Ll 'puouJ ]seq ,{u se ull,l }o ),lu!tl} I pue Joplo srea,{ oaJtl} s,teqlolq ,{6¡ au ueq] ¡ B 'Á¡e¡ereq¡¡ep / 'aull ]srU ]so] Eu¡nup teq pessed Jolsrs,{tu 'A¡Fu¡s¡tdtng / Á11>1cn1 o elll uotu\A JalulA aLll u! r{¡¡e¡cedse 's,{eu.rnoI peor Fuo¡ o]eq I 'Á¡snoreFuep otl],{q paddo}s I g teyeed5 Eu!>1el Fu¡nup se/v\ otl asnecoq act¡od s,or.l Mouy | T, sÁep esaq] Llcnu Jol1lorq,{u eas },uop JeLUgJeJe o^eLl O a^eLl ],uop I s>1crd q ur,l e ureal o] FuloB eZ, aBed a^ell 'aur!] otl] lle ouot.l ]e LU!Ll Fu¡neq se oures aLl] ]ou s,]! ]nq 's,{ept¡oq oL,l} ro,l' or.uor.l soruoc e¡1 'leer{ }sel ,i}tsle^lun o} luaM aLl uaq/v\ tult,l passltu ,i¡¡eet | rcLno.tq soxe] e z p oxe] dn pe¡crd J ]no ycrd o p ]e ¿z e?ed 'auno\eJ s,peo pue wnw Fu¡eq tnoqe fittn? pal illts / saullauos lnq ',{e¡o uo }eE o^ pue 'Mou sot}uom} Jno ur or,aM 'osrnoc 1o 'au ]decxa - sltl] JAqIUO|.UOJ Ol SUAOS,i¡tUe¡ ALl] Ul AUO u¡no.rF aJ,a^ ou 'st Bult,lt,{uunrt ^ oL.ll 'LUlr.l auelq,i¡¡eel l,uec no,{ pue ou 'dn 'or.u polell ,{le}nlosqe aq Bulsnlor ro ]oN 'Iro^ or.uor.,l slrl op o]"i¡Fu¡sudlns 'lleqlooJ slL.l L.lluv\ sMoputM Fu¡¡eerq sem ra^auoqM /v\olloJ o] u]lt,l ro¡ e¡duexa aLl Fu¡u¡qs e se dn oLU plal,l sluered Áu pue 'loor.lcs ]e ro]]aq ptp sÁem¡e ¡ 'Aenneleal e jo ]lq e se/v\ xolv rol llotq tep¡o Á61 ',ipooF-ApooB ¡eer e - uo^orlxa pue ]qEUq se/v\ | 'ewno^e] eql sÁewe se^ I taLllo qcea o] ¡ies ol Fulqu{ue }oF Á¡¡eer }eLlc aM 'lle ]nq ],ua^eL,l o/v\ "{¡e1t¡od Á¡ttle¡ 1e ]noqe s,]ell] ]nq 'siotllaBol-leB ]ooru Á¡¡euo¡secco ofl\ os 'oJotu ,iue ace¡d uolleue¡dxe lu oddes¡P ul ¿ P anatlel uorlercerdde leyeedS 1d¡tcs o!PnV oues aL{} ul ontl },uop aM 'ulq Fulaas u, palsa/alu lou Lsn[ w,¡slep asaql I'f '8 :SJa]]Ol erlxf C9 IV VT HZ CT 'rurL.l po^o!¡eq sÁem¡e Áaq1 pue se¡n,illenlce ]l ueq] osroM punos ]l opeu s,iem¡e eq lueq1 lla] p,oL.l 'Fuor¡n Fultll,{ue ptp I ra^o Jl 'peo pue unl^ i.lllM alqnor] olul au FulneB sÁem¡e sem aLl puy ,',{¡tue¡ lno ur no,{ poou },uop aM, :olrl sBultll Eu¡,ies ruil.l Joquouar | 'ol.u pa!llnq aLl 'relppo] e se^ | uol.l^ ruorl ]tlEtU 'relllorq Áu pelll ]nq 'r{¡¡eet 'pes s,1¡ y leyeedg Á¡¡en1ce raneu oA,l c ;ff;;;i "r"o c :ocualuos eilxS 1z oT v9 e9 lt zz a?ed 8urua1Sr1 8tr aFed 7llun p'8 !'! L e'e qsrl8ul Jo asn pue Eurpea¿ eca¡d xoq t q'Hg c'ov B'ct q',lz te e?ed acard 8Ur1ll¡¡ /waU/lq a p 1!q f ,/ e will object h are you go¡ng to / will you a is going to be / will be b am going to faint c am going d leaves e will have worked / will have been working f will turn g am going to give up h will be thinking Reading and Use of English page 24 1C 28 3D 48 5D 6A Grammar page 2s a too, enough c too d enough b too b You aren't old enouSh to learn to drive c You're walking too slowly to keep d These new jeans aren't big enough up with me e o v, f g for me My brother lives too far away to come for the weekend I'm too short to reach the top shelf I'm not well enou§h to come on holiday with you Reading and Use of English page 26 didn't have (enough) time is bound to pass have arranged a meeting / have arranged to meet has been brought in are unlikely ever to go / to ever go picked it up while / by / when / whilst Vocabulary page 26 t b energetic h fair i organized c creative j fit d patient k enthusiastic e caring I hard-working f brave g sociable m cheerful Writing page 27 11b 2f 3a 4d 2a4 b1 c5 d3 e6 f2 82 either boiling hot or freezing cold - and the beds were narrow and really hard I woke up with backache every morning lf you were really unlucky, you'd be sharin§ with someone who snored or be woken up in the middle of the ni§ht by a ticket inspector lt wasn't the most restful way to travel Unit Vocabulary page 28 1a trip ecrossing f cruise b tour g voyage c journey d excursion 2adid b campsite, put up c landed d boarded, crew, fasten e package f miss g coach, booked h ports, disembarked i take j lanes k souvenir a pick me up e took off f stop over b set off c checked in g drop you off d see him off d time a seat e parts b tyre c room f Speaker The worst travelling experience l've ever had was when I was in the States / was flying from Newark to Washin§ton Dulles - about an hour's flight We set off late, and then when we were half-way to Washington, we were told that we couldn't land because of bad weather and we had to turn back Then, when we got back to Newark, we found that all the flights to Washington had been cancelledl We ended up sleeping on the floor of the departure loun§e! We had to complain repeatedly to the Sround staff, but eventually they put us on buses to take us to our destination Speaker I don't suppose I could really change Listening page 2e 1E 2C 3A 4H 5D Extra sentences: B, F, G Audio script recommend hitchhiking as a way of travelling these days, but when I did it, it was a common way of getting around on a tight budget No one gave a second thought as to whether it was safe or not When I was in my early twenties, hitchhiked all round Europe, and never once felt in any sort of danger I loved it You never got bored because every day was different - you never knew where you were go¡ng to end up, and everY person who gave you a lift was different You might be picked up by a couple in an expensive car one day and a farmer driving a tractor the next I Speaker Last year, I went to France on a day trip with some friends They were taking their car and asked if I wanted to come along as they had a spare seat I was quite excited because I'd never travelled to France through the Channel Tunnel before - I'd always gone on the ferry - and I have to say it was much faster and much more convenient, but it was also quite boring lt was like being on a plane with no windows, because there was nothing to see except the car in front and the car behind I'm not saying I wouldn't use the Tunnel again, but it certainly wasn't what I expected Speaker One summer, when I was a student, travelled round Spain by train I went with a friend and we travelled at ni§ht to save money on accommodation We slept in 'literas', which are bunk beds There were six in each compartment: three on each side, one on top of the other The temperature in our compartment was never ri§ht - it was I Speaker I went to China last year with a tour company I'm not a great fan of organized holidays as a rule, but if you're going to a country where you don't know the language, and you want to see as much of it as you can in a short time, then it's a good way to it Our guide was very informative, and we saw an awful lot, including how people live, which was fascinating But we didn't stop from seven in the morning till seven at ni§ht! /t was a very t¡r¡ng schedule and it involved so much travelling! l'd have liked to spend a week at a beach resort at the end to recover But that's my only criticism t8 ssausnouos pelserolu! pue palelnurls 0T IUe] e uted looJ g Fu¡qqnt L sleulue ooz OSUAS -un l' L] B -ru! tuslrulldo q uoparoq e t ] -uno -u! pz dI NX Nf Nl N/dtl dE dJ dp dc dq NeT st crsnu I sLlluor.u e¡q¡suodsert'r{1t¡tqtsuodsal ]uatledu! 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But that is just one of the many wrong ideas people have about fish Today, I hope to dismiss some of these ideas The first thing I want to say is that not all fish are the same And I'm not talking about the obvious differences between one species of fish and another; I'm talking about differences within species lt's been known for a long time that animals like cattle and dogs are all individuals, and behave differently in different circumstances; but that's also true of fish Research has shown that some fish are bold individuals who are risktakers, and others are shy and will avoid taking risks o v, Another wrong idea people have is that fish have no memory Unfortunately, films like the Hollywood blockbuster Finding Nemo, which stars a forgetful blue fish called Dory, have reinforced this idea A f,sh's memory is longer than the three seconds that people credit them with Research has shown that they can remember experiences for many months after just a little training One trial involved putt¡ng fish in a bi§ fishing net in a tank, and moving the net quickly backwards and forwards The fish had to learn where the hole in the net was in order to get out lt only took about five trials - that's about 15 to 20 minutes - for them to learn it Ihen when the same fish were tested 72 months later, it was found that they'd remembered exactly where the escape route was There has also been some rather unusual research done on carp fairly recently ln this study they played jazz and classical music to the carp They trained them to perform one task if they heard jazz and a different task if they heard c/assica/ music You may ask how they were able to that Well, fish have quite a good hearing system, so they can hear the music But whether it's the vibration of the music or the rhythm that helps them to distinguish one kind of music from the other is not yet known Many people ask me whether fish can feel pain ln one recent study, when the lips of live trout were injected w¡th bee venom, they rocked from side to side just like some zoo animals when they're 84 depressed or sad They also rubbed the affected area against the sides of the tank and the gravel at the bottom Ihis appears to be similar to the behaviour of people and animals, who also try to reduce the intensity of pain in an affected area by rubbing it However, there is another school of thought that says that because fish don't possess a neocortex, that's the outer part of the brain believed to be responsible for consciousness, they can't feel pain in the same way we Finally, you may be wondering what my views are on keeping, for example, a goldfish as a pet Well, that's not really for me to say, but research shows that fish are more conscious creatures than they were previously thought to be, so personally lwould be a§ainst keeping them in smallglass bowls A tank would certainly be preferable But put lots of things in it; change the scenery around from time to time lf you want your fish to be happy and healthy, the most important thing is that they're stimulated and interested Writing page 3e Music plays an important role in many people's lives Whether it is classical music, pop music, rock music, jazz or opera, we all listen to it at one time or another for a variety of reasons Music can certainly affect our mood (,) but the kind of music we listen to will affect our mood differently Upbeat music generally makes people feet happy (,) while slow music, particularly if it reminds us of a painful event in our past, can make us feel sad lf we are feeling sad or depressed, music may lift our spirits However, there are many other activities people can Many people find that doing exercise is effective For other people, spending time with friends has the same positive effect on their mood Being out in the countryside or by the sea can also work To sum up, music may be a good therapy for some people when they are feeling low, but for others it can have the opposite effect There are many other activities which people can which are equally, if not more, effective Note: The punctuation marks in brackets are optional Unit Listening pase 40 1B 2A 3A 48 5C 6A 7C Audio script lnt Welcome to today's 'Free Time', the programme which looks at the work of unpaid volunteers Last week, we heard from Hamid, who helps to organize a sports club for children in his neighbourhood Today in the studio we have Jerry, a 2O-year-old student Jerry, could you start by telling us briefly what kind of volunteering you do? Jerry Of course I work on a steam railway quite near to where I lnt study A steam railway - that sounds fascinating Tell us more Jerry Well, as you've probably giuessed, this is not an ordinary modern railway which takes people to and from work lt's actually a historic railway which ori§inally opened in 1-865 /t used to transport coal from the mines in the area to the nearest port, which was about fifty kilometres away Ihese days, it's mainly a tourist attraction, although there is still a daily service which takes people from a small village to the nearest town lnt And what you to help with the running of the railway? Jercy Well, the only thing I don't is drive the engines That's specialist work I'm not qualified to But / everything else, from selling tickets to passengers to keep¡ng the station tidy and servin§ in the café What I like best is helping to repair and restore old steam engines Being an engineering student, that's not too difficult for me to and find it absolutely fascinating But during the spring and summer, there are a hundred and one things to to cater for the visitors So, §enerally speaking we this kind of work out of the tourist season There's a bit more time for it then lnt And how is the railway funded? Jerry We get a small grant from the local council, but most of our I o 98 'asoddns / 'sa//oJs Puoneuolut s, tsa/otul uew l¡4¡ '¡¡e¡aP ut selJols uteu oLl] Jo e¡dnoc e pue sau!lpeoL.l 3tl] preall a^,1 lrlun poso¡c saÁe Áu qltm oreL,l] er¡ Á¡¡ensn ¡ 'e¡qtssod se uoos se puo/v\ otl] u! uo Eu¡oE s,]eLuv\ oul o1 paeu I ']eq] Jo orns ^ so)1elu lcolc tuJele otPer Á6¡ 'euuuelBold smeu eltlnonert Atu ]o punos aq] o] Icolc,o uo^as ]e dn aXeM ¡ s,ieP IroM aFed uO uetuo¡ V8 OL c9 g9 QV Cg AZ 8T tt eBed qsrl8ul Jo asn pue Eutpee¿ dn euoc seq J punor Fultuoc ele c punor ouec o ssolce oulec q euoc p r.l]!M o 1d¡rcs o!pnv ouoc e I qlrm dn ]no Z uop ro] ! t,l V8 JL c9 v9 3V Ct VZ 8T euoS ^ 'lsrU Sotls¡ut1 s,{em¡e LUorJ Áq q tl]!M c ]o / eEueqc / olo/v\ c Se/v\'Peuaddeq q peEueqc 'pouealc erc UnL.l peÁo¡dute lv eut] areds I o p eBed ete e / CL CT enet¡ peLl | pauF¡sap ]! ez ! polsa] se¡ia ,iu EullteB / Fulneul ue ]nc ]l FulllaF / 7ul¡e,4 L.l ]no uaxe] ]! peq I ]nc ]! PeLl aM a J U/v\oP e Í, Ñelnqelo¡ pauealc ]l BulileB / Fulnetl ue P partedat ]l ]aE / eneq o1 c palerocap Luoorpaq lloU] EulneLl ale q para^tlap ]l FulueB / Fu¡neq ue e t 'IAO/v\ e ecuo t,lslqqnr s,e¡doad (s)lcalloc lrcunoo aW /,{aul} 'ule}Ug ul o llrl o] ol.ul] Áue¡ lul srolrstn araL{A 'doqs UIF aql Pue glec oll] s,olaL4] 'oslnoo jo 'PUV 'Áem¡ret oLl] Jo ,irolstq palerlsnlll ue oos uec no,{ olal,uv\ al}uoc rolrsrn e s,olotll 'peltedet Fu¡eq ]o ssacord eql ut suteJ] [uea]s Plo oos uec no,i e,leqr* spotls eu¡Fue oLl] ore aroq] uaLl1 'lnlrapuo^^ s,]! ),lulL]] spll aq] osrnos lo puv 'wotll to1du\ et?Plsou Pu e st Áeutno[ uu] aLll os - n?unoÁ aten Áeql uaql wuL suul ueals )aqwewal s/ol/s/^ unpe aql Jo auos 'Uod aq] se JeJ se ou!l Plo eq] Jo ulBua¡ aloll/v\ aq] uedo-er o] edoq em 'Á¡¡en1uen3 'reeÁ lxeu sarlotuolt).1 o;oLu entrt uado o1 'luauou aLl] Euluueld aJ,aM pue ]e uedo aut¡ Aem¡ter jo sorloulolll 'rotl Ful/v\ollo] uel s,aloLlI 'uleJ] aLl] uo ,ieulnoI seM ueuloM possoJp-,ileBuells e st lle lo e ]qBnoq] olEuv ']ueulotu e rol 'ieBlo} ],uoc ',ieP e acl/v\] ¿Uels qo[ 'Sl uOtlsOnb r{¡uo Á6¡ e P aLl] palooq,{peer¡e a^eL{ oM / ]ueuodul ]sohl Árra¡ P ¿Aenn¡ter ol.l] aas o] otuoo Aaql ueqm oP o] sjollslA roJ orolll sl ]eqM puv no^ uroorssels otl] olul pool Fu¡rq ]ou ]snu sluapnls / no^ q '¡nou Eulppo/v\ all] lecuec ],uec oM os 'suorlelrnur eq] ]no luas pue LlclnLlc a/v\ Jo ]nq 'leeÁ ¡o oL{] uo EutPuadeP setren 1¡ Ar¡ef ¿alall] ate noÁ rto ,iueu mo¡1 'sloalunloA lle ole sn !' lul dea»l ol lsnl ewocut Jo lunowe uteuac ew!t1n] aatql sÁo¡dwa ÁeNlet aql ptfi Áuedwoc aLU'slollsln ulol¡ ,i¡lcellp souloc otuocul sun o aYOlq ']UOS OIO/V\ A ]qFnec sem 'Paute/v\ se/v\ lul 'spua),laa^ ]sotu sraolunlo^ uoollu eBelene ue anell aul] ez Aaqt lll/v\ lo ]soJ eUI 'FuloF :r,afotd eql ! Ll e pue sJaN)p autFue uale] sem 'apeut uaaq oneLl uantB se¡n I Z T JeU.luele JJo otu!] aul] a^es q otul] lo ]no unj eI atu!] Jo olseM I,v e?ed Ñe¡nqe3o¡ 'L,lcnuJ os ]tst^ rleU] Ful,io[ua e¡doed Fulees Sutprer*al Áren s,1¡ 'reeÁ eql Jo ]sar aL,l] roJ eBelene uo lqFluuo} e acuo ]noqe aroLl] tU,l pue Uollece^ leUunS ,{tU Fu¡rnp spuoloo/v\ ]sotu ereql laE I ¿eroLl] Fu¡¡rom Pueds eBeueu no,i op oultl t.lcnuJ A oH 'sJruonnos pue spleclsod ,inq uec o1 a Zt eBed r.,lstl8ul Jo asn pue Sutpee¿ P ]se] os sallr^ elpnelc arnsse.ld poolq req ]eE oL{ ralJo^ pleLl e Llcns sl elle[ ]eL{} uOl.Uv\ ue I 'poulocuoc ale ,itl se leJ sv roleT uo J Lv a?ed flutualSt1 zv a?ed Árelnqeso¡ 'olllol o] ]lelv\ ],uec ¡ieqt ieql Eu¡roq os ore sqol s,e¡doad 80T O6 V8 C9 V9 8V VT CZ 'uoalxls ]e looL.lcs ]Jol ],uPeLl Áaq1 qstm oqm e¡doed Jo tol e Llcns oul I aLls ]eL.l] palcaqc 'uoounojt se/v\ aLl uaLl^ ,{ltstantun }eLl} tlFlq os s¡ §¡ s,uqo¡ olul loE 'slreu lseqBlq eq] sleB sÁenn¡e aqs -Y, JOpeOJS/v\OU F ollsqa^ preoqÁe¡ o uMopleaJq p roJnlcol Altslentun c autBua L.lcreas q ]uelstsse doqs et I llun Otl] SOOp Eop eql peal o1 Paau (tltm) 'ouo uo polrom ronou oneq | 'seuuelBold u¡-euoqd otper spreBer sY 'pl!Llc auo a^eL,l pue poljletu sluoLUlll.utuoc ,{¡tLue¡ ecunouue oq paltnu! ],us! ,/ poltnul ueeq ],useq e paau a^4 os rcFeuew ssaursnq ol¡l - ]lels JAAO e za 9p r,c €q1 il / Eulcunouue aq lll/rl 'sree¿{ ooltl} ur papueLl roJ solels pa]lun ol.ll u! polro^ | 'uorlsanb puocos lnoÁ o] loMSUe ul q ']r Áo[ue Á¡¡ear | 'uorsr^alo] u! Fullro¡n spreBar sV U/v\OP s? eBed 8ur1rr¡¡ P I've listened to this programme for as long as I can remember - so long, in fact, that I now think of the main newsreaders almost as friends Man lnt Man lnt Man lnt Man Can I ask you a few questions about the newspapers you read? Certainly, what would you like to know? Well first of all, you read a newspaper every day, or only occasionally? Every day Actually, I read two papers - the News Daily on the way to work and the Financial Times when I get to work When you're reading the News Daily, what you read first? Well, I glance atthe main stories, then turn to the back and read the day's sports news Woman I have to admit, I love those magazines that tell you all about celebrities, you know, film stars, singers, TV personalities I love finding out the details of their private lives: who's having an affair with who, who's bought an expensive new house, who's expecting a baby Most of all, I like read¡ng about what's happening in my favourite soap operas.l know some people pretend they aren't interested in this kind of thing but I don't believe them I think everyone's curious about how the rich and famous live their lives o Y every day lt's fantastic / m totally amazed that anyone sti// buys the paper You can even find out background information by following the links at the ends of the stories lt's certainly a quick and easy way of finding out what's go¡ng on in the world Woman Did you see the film on Channel 29 last night? Man No, we haven't got satellite TV Woman Really? You don't know what you're missing Man How many channels can you get? Woman Ei§hty-three at the moment, but it's §oing up to one hundred and fifty Man boy the moment, having sx channels to choose from Woman You'd get used to rt Man l'm not sure I'd want to get used to it - especially if §reater choice meant poorer quality programmes which may come as no surprise to teachers and parents of small children, but which was certainly news to me The basic finding is this: the more often parents read to their children from a very early age, the greater the effect TV just so middle-aged 86 bit earlier Woman Well, it's worth a try Vocabulary L a goes by b go after on their language skills, such Man What time we need to leave in the morning? Woman Half past ei§ht at the latest going on go up go along with Reading and Use of Eng[ish page 48 1B 2A 3D 4D 5D 6A Grammar 1, a b c d e 2a b page 50 'Hurry up We're going to be late.' 'Do you think I should wear my long dress or my short stripy one / dress?' 'l think you should wear your black dress / Why don't you wear your black dress?' 'l can't lt's at the dry-cleaner's.' / 'l can't because it's at the drycleaner's.' 'l don't care what you wear, but if we're late, I might lose my job.' Delia said (that) she'd love to and asked him what time it started Paul replied that it started / would start (at) about ten but that she could come when she liked Delia said (that) she'd been invited to Paul's party Angie asked when as reading and speaking lt was found that reading to children six or seven times a week puts them almost a year ahead of those who are not read to on a regular basis lt's clear that this will §ive children who are read to a massive advanta§e pase 48 d e c go through f Woman I've recently read some research I'm probably not typical of someone my age, but I find most programmes completely predictable I §et very bored watching'N - l'd much rather be actually doing somethinS So, for example, / spend a fair amount of time playing football or swimming The only programmes I try to watch regularly are music programmes - | try to catch the charts every week But I can honestly say, I never watch the news or documentaries Most of all I hate game shows - they're next year I don't think I could cope with all that choice /t's bad enou§h at Teenage I hardly ever watch Oh! But I've asked the decorator to come round Woman What time? Man Well, I asked him to come first thing He said he'd be here by nine That'll be okay, won't it? Woman l'm not sure The ferry leaves at ten and it takes about an hour to get there Man Hmm - that could be a problem Woman Can't we ask him to come next week? Man We could - but l'd prefer to rin§ him and see if he can §et here a Man I'd never really thought of the internet as part of the media - but then one of my colleagues told me about all the newspapers you can get online I subscribe to the New York Iimes - which means I get sent the online version as an email c it was Delia replied that it was on Saturday She added that she didn't want to go but (she) couldn't say no Angie suggested that Delia should phone him / Paul on Saturday and say (that) she didn't feel well Paul's mother warned him not to make too much noise She added that she didn't want any complaints from the neighbours Paul promised (that) he wouldn't o Y L8 ]sotu pue lsaBlel aq] st ]l ',iueBoqeuu pue (epel) " " /v\ou puv 'lOlUeC 'nOr{ ¡ueq1 JAIUASeJd 'ut ile I a\q ol Áep )eqloue unla) ot qsl^ l¡qeqotd ¡¡m noÁ uaql uoAl 'vnoLlxts )o 'salnuw Ogg oq pnol weqt Jo tlcee le tuads seJnww nol Tsnf os 'sllg/qxa ñaulu lnoqe are uaLU'snoLl )nol pue ouLlt uaa^ laq sJ lels a?ete¡e aql su/oas y 'sqTuow eql )oto lno pauJec nal Tsed queesu wu!'relelnb el]]!l e ere sFultl] uol¡/v\ 'Og'Z JaUe ro -'tu'e punoJe - Futqr Ialueo ]sru a^rjre ol raL{}lo }saq s,}l ¿or,uoc o] oru!] ]saq eLl] sr uaq/v\ 'Eutllsln Jo Fu!>.lultll are oqM a¡doed rol ',{¡¡eut¡ og ,elueseld 'llo/v\ Se uaq] souocla^ 1t Á¡sno¡nqo UEnoql'sdnorB leluoLxuorl^uo ]o sraqLuotu ,ipeet¡e ele ol.l/v\ Uolllll.U aarq] aLll ueq] JAqlel ]uawuut\Ua aql noqe paurccuoc ñtetnclued lou ile oqlÁ suolug uoullw ol aery7-Á1¡¡1 eqt $ualu sedoq Á¡te¡ncped ¡/ 'lleM ¿relnclued ul auo¡{ue }e I ol ñUewltd s,ll 'oN pauOleol Ll] uollcullxo leo] 'eoooc 'soarl roqqnl 'seal] eueueq axll saer] tetlulsnv pue etsv 'ec¡t¡y 'ecueuty qlnos /o soFun[ oLl] wo4 stueÉ )eLno pue saa/} lo spupun{./ l, 'suolFel lsoule/v\ sasnoq s,puo/v\ or.l] Jo ]uoruuoll^uo lelnleu oll] solearcar ouotg sctdorl plLUnH oLll 'ppo/v\ oLl] punore punol 'pallec ere,{eq} se soruorg ro 'seleullc ]ualoJllp aaJq] Jo sluauluojlAUo leJnleu eq] olearcil ede looplno raLlunl e sn¡d souop oM] oqf 'sree¡{ antl-Á1uam} }seol }e ]sel o] pooluerenB s¡ qctqm c\se¡d luarcdsuetl'Fuotls fua¡ e qyw puaAoo sagnl /aals ' lo Fu¡lsrsuoc pue - ssolce sorlauj eulu,{le}eulxo.ldde L.lceo - suoBexeq ¡o dn apeu salrole^losuoc alll -or.lrop luelB o/vu lo slstsuoc ]ce[ord aL,lI 'as;noc JO ¿]l oqllcsap no,{ uec lelueo ']e¡{ }ceford uopS ot,l] Pa]lsl^ ],ueneq oqm e¡doad lo,t'og ,eluaserd 'Jale^ e¡due'tte uea¡c'oleutlc L,lll/v\ lce¡ad eql peplnord ]l ¿lle/v\uroC ul la!ueo l! pllnq o] aprcap,iaql ptp,{q¡¡ ¿A¡¡eeg ,alueserd 'ile/ uo) ut awll lilu )leLll s,l! s/ol/s/^ o{./l lo %Og tol'{,¡fu¡zewv 'peuqe 'yn aq] ur suollcer]]e lollsl^ FulBreulc te¡ndod ]sotu oL.l] cL v9 c9 av 8t cz, 8r zs e?ed 8urua1Sl1 ]!un 'elu!l uo / ueq] Aq ereql teB uec I adoq I 'Ioolo,o le uotlels aq] aprslno ]aoul o] paBuelle aM 'ontleuro]Ul pue Fu!]salelul lo!ueo ¿uorleuroJUl lce1 ul c seelaLuv\ q ra^aMoH e T, 3utltt¡¡ set ]l ples peq euo,irena (esneceq lcafor¿ uapf el.l] ]eq/v\ oul ^ ]ou ,{euu oqm a¡doed asoql JO ]l}euoq oLl] ro} 'lolueo JAlUeSOld 'uoouraue pooc Ia!ueo 'lcel'ord uapf otl] ]noqe Xle] ol FuloB sl otuv\ 'salue[ lalueo u Ol r 'luasard Áepqytq e rollle] raLl teB ol Jotl populuar taLlloLu s,eJnel q o] ]ou rxlq plo] raqlou s,ul{or uels auoB ],upeq aqs) leull pe¡¡dar ellac 'ÁUed s,lned o] otuoc o] paseeld are em Áepo1 ,eluosord ]Sl I eluatU p 'uotuldo ¡{tu ut 'ole Llctlyv\ ',{Eo¡ouqco} pue acuatcs }noqe satruelBo.td otpet ,{ueu ole olaLll c 'Fulualsll ere no,i a¡tqrn Bulqleirtos oP uec noÁ leLl] Eulaq ]slu all] 'uotstne¡e] lo^o seLl otper seBeluenpe o^ ] lo )4u!L.l] uec /'Fuluelsll ere no¡( al!q/v\ Eulr.,lleulos op uec noÁ ]eq] st tlclLl/v\ JO ]SIt Otl] 'UOlSlAAlOl JAAO SeLl olper saFeluenpe o/vu Jo IUltl] uec I q 'secualpne aFre¡ sleB pue ecnpold o1 deeqc sl ]eq] / qc!tl¡ut uorluo^ul ]ue!lllrq e sl olper lecol e z ]eql ulorJ yedy ] a p Árerluoc aq] uO pueq roqlo ell] uo eBed seq v ulBnoue Z dn 'ales l,use^ ]r asnecoq alolll peoJ aLl] ssojc o] lou l.uol pouje^ ueu eql c Jo auo Sl pUe lle/v\UJoC ul ]cal"ord leluotuuoltnua ue st ]ce|ord uopf aql 'oslnoc lO FutntB ¡iq orolaq OSL J! ]nq I trg aBed r.,lsrlSul Jo osn pue Sutpee¡ ']aarls Fuly ut ]uetnelsar asoutqC /v\au oLl] Fu!,irl palseBFns olsns o 'Ful¡ied uo polstsu! Pl^eO P ¡ereuaB eql o] peuedo ]l 'e!leJlsnv pue ls p¡ttu :,i¡¡ecrseq'suolllpuoc le!ueo paure 1ca!'or¿ oll] sl pue aos relueseJd 'e4¡¡ noÍ ¡¡ 'acuapuedep toJut no lay¡ lueÉ pue sn uaa^4]a q d¡qsuoqe¡et tueuodwt aql alerlsuowop ' pUe ulell]B tUo]l qloq lee,{ e sJolrsrA uo!llltu z punole seBerene pue'trOO¿ u¡ ct¡qnd aJe qclL{/v\ SoaJ] pue slue¡d anresa.rd o] 'XUlt,l] ]qElLU e¡doed Áueu se '1ou s,1¡ Ialueo ¿]! pllnq o] aprcop ,{aql plp ,{qm 1ng ¡Eu¡leutcse¡ Ialuesord ersy'seÁeleLUlH aLl]'ol!L.lC u! Soleullc jelltUlS Se lla/v\ 'llnl qlnou slt,l t-,lll/v\ ¡eeds punotB¡ceq Jo ]tq e sn noÁ p¡noc 'st se'eore lle/v\uroc eleladute] orll ruor¡ e¡t¡ ¡ue¡d poue^ qlt/v\ eue )ooplno uado ue s/ s/qJ 'owotq ssa/Joou oql sl ewolq ulL.B aql'llas]! ueaueJro]!pot pue eluJoJlles 'eclJJV aL,l] Lllnos - puo/v\ otl] Jo suolFe,l ueouerja]!paN aq] uorJ slueld Ll]!/v\ poll!l sl oLuo!8 eleradural [uJeM alll 'seuotq earq] aL{} }o anlsse.ldtul lAUo auloclo/v\ lducs o!pnv et 'aleL.l] uooq peLl uqor pue atFuy (leLll) pue rno] JoUe lll] porlslu!J ],upeLl ]! ]eLl] poppe aH ']! (]ell]) ptes e]ed 'Fu¡loq oq plno^ paÁo[ue Á¡¡ear p,aLl ],upel1 eqs Áqm ellag Po>lse olad P Vocabu[ary t a to c page 53 b in d to ein a make, with b making, from c take, off d make, for e made, with f g about, to against d hon i to, between j to f takes, for g take, in h make, of i take, at e f g Reading and Use of Engtish page 55 h 1D 2C 3A 48 5C 6B Vocabutary i Sally's going out with someone who / lhal she met at Jason's party j Not surprisingly, we never got back the things which / that we'd reported stolen k We'll be staying at the Seaview Hotel, which is on the seafront I The best time to go to Scotland is June, when the weather is warmer m I've decided I don't like the shoes which / lhal I bought on Saturday n The Hilton is expensive, which is what you'd expect After all, it is a five-star hotel 1, observation / observer, prediction, definition, explanation, reaction, variation / variely, behaviour, performance / performer, occurrence, suggestion, fluctuation, eruption Grammar page 56 a Non-defin¡ng: The word o y b c d e f g h i 2a The 10.05 from London to Norwich, which is due to arrive at Platform 1, will call at Colchester, lpswich and Norwich b 88 We'll have the party next Friday, which is the day when / that he comes out of hospital m¡ght have done it? I don't know of any restaurants where you can get a decent meal for under Lts What's the name of that singer whose record was number one last month? The one who / that writes his own songs United's second goal, which was scored in the final minute, won Reading and Use of Engtish page 57 1, f international medical donation knowledge o The girl over there who / that is a b c d e f were made more expensive, people misht be encouraged to leave their cars at home b c d e A park-and-ride scheme could be introduced A car park could be built outside the town with cheap parking, and free transport could be provided into the town centre More bicycle racks, where bikes can be left safely, should be installed Cars could be banned from go¡ng into the town centre altogether and only bikes, taxis and buses (be) allowed lf the suggested changes were implemented, the amount of pollution in the town centre would be reduced Unit 10 Reading and Use of English talking to John used to go to my page 59 school 1D 2A 3B 4C 5D 6A 7C 8B 9B 10C Sentences e, i, j, m sisht strengthening blindness treatment Writing page 57 t a lf parking in the town centre them the cup page 55 'smo§', which was coined in the early 2oth century, combines the words 'smoke' and 'fog' Non-defining: ln the late 1-9th century, London, which was known as 'The Big Smoke', suffered almost constant foggy conditions Defining Defining Non-definin§: Because of the poor visibility, which was often less than one metre, dozens died in road accidents Non-defining: These days smog, which particularly affects people who have respiratory problems, is mainly caused when fuel emissions from cars react with sunli§ht in humid, still atmospheric conditions Defining Defining Defining The golden eagle, whose eggs are stolen by unscrupulous collectors, is now an endangered species What's the name of the girl who / that got married to Chris Small? ls it Louise? Can you think of any reason why he The guest house we stayed at when we were in Prague was risht in the city centre The couple we shared our table at lunch with were from Poland / The couple we shared our table with at lunch were from Poland The travel agency we booked our holiday through was excellent The tour, which we had heard so much about, was definitely worth go¡ng on The audio guide, which we would have been lost without, was available in several languages The holiday we'd looked forward to so much was over too soon Vocabutary page se 77a dessert bdesert 2a compliment bcomplement 3a stationary bstationery 4a effect baffect 5a economical beconomic 6a principle bprincipal 2a on d off boff e up c with f up a gamble e advice b blame f dislike g offence c interest d seat Grammar Lahad page 6o b hadn't gone c could d would put 68 C8 c9 V9 8V Vt XZ, VL T T, ug aFed 8utua1st1 ol pua ue ueew J,uotL stec Fu!Ñl n8 'Aqteeu plo4rle ue poau noÁ'os¡y'slnoLl pue luBll,iep Fu¡rnp la^er] Á¡uo uec no'{ uouo I aL'l}eo^ 'Eu r,{¡¡ }r.,lFl OOO'OS3; L olnsse Fu¡so¡c o] Euluado V Í Í eBed 8utltl¡¡ uotse^ atqelp)'deaqc e pllnq ol ÁP>tltun fiFulseetcu! 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Fulnure pue smopul/v\ t'lceaJ-o] -plell Furuee¡c 'sea.l] LUoIJ slec Bulneulal lo1Ápueq el,Áeq1 'asn /ec,lcetd e seq LlclLuv\ s'l! puv ItnclJJlp suewu l, osnecaq Á¡dwls 'p^ul ]o apow a.tnlnJ e se unleeL )e/.a o l¿ ttln ttaql rctB s,ll ]nq 'euoÁlena ]uloddeslp o] ¡ülos 'llaM 'ileqapunql LUI!l ot-l] u! puo8 LU,l souer ,iq pesn se syced lef noqe aw yse sÁent¡e e¡doed'Á¡¡eu¡1 'slL1] u! ]sa^ul o] Eullll/v\ ole sLulu lec lotllot'lm uaas aq o] suleu;el ]l pue lelueutredxo ll!]s sl ,iBo¡ouqca] aLlI' ece¡duowuoc awocaq sluowotc.;,dw¡ Á¡eps pue Pluewuott AUo iloJeq ewllFuot e aq il,l! leLll srec umo a¡doad Jo suolllll.u ¡{ueuu os 'lenamo¡1 'speol lno uo se¡dutexe oas sreaÁ ¡Queml uow ou os - lv\ott alelnFu ol ))L.DO qcea o7 ,flury¡ey, sa/c/qa^ q4!/A pailuluoc aq uata olt c!ilut',{Fo¡ouqce} a}lllo}es el^ pnoc il,al uns u,l 'ilec I I leuollua^uoc ']no pue aplsul Llloq suoltlsnc Jle a^eLl pue slec laLllo pue suelrlseped ]calap ol srosuas aneLl lllln Aaql pue )epunu aq Itt^ srec'oo] ']uoral}lp aq ,i¡qeqord ¡¡ttvt uF¡sep erll'ueB,{xo pue ueBotpÁq oulqLuoc tlcll.uv\ 'sllac ¡an1Áq pece¡der eq 'ieu lollad'Á¡entleu;a]lv'Jolceor pallonj-al'se^A 'roJes e Áq perervrod eq plnoc saulBuf Llcnu pue Á¡puatll-r(¡¡elueuuollAUo elou aq lllM aJnln] ol.l] lo Jec oLll ]nq 'ulaql asn //,ls t ! L.l loB (Petl) 'Paxro/v\ PeL{ o^ll ],uplp I c q palaqulaueJ peq a et Audio script or email, but there's something very special about writing old-fashioned letters t Woman I think the British use more gestures than they used to It may be partly because we come into contact with other nationalities more often than in the past - you know, on foreign holidays, or when we see foreigners on television I think we've got used to seeing people gesturing, and we've started doing it ourselves I remember when / was a child lthought anyone who moved their hands and arms about when they were talking was very odd Now I'd say it's much more common lnt Man Int Man o v, lnt Man lnt Man Do you think you could tell us something about how you learned Thai? Of course lt was when I was worklng as a teacher in Bangkok Did you have lessons or did you just pick it up? Both I lived with a Thai family, and I also went to evening classes at a local college Did the family teach you? Not exactly, but I certainly learned from them Even though they could speak English very well, I insisted that they always spoke to me in Thai That way I was forced to use the lansuase And the evening classes? They helped of course, but I found the grammar quite difficult Man in the eye Woman I find it quite difficult to keep eye contact for longer than Woman I took early retirement from work because of illness and decided to a course in creative writing at our local university lt was just for fun, really - and to keep myself occupied - I never thou§ht l'd get anything published The course lasted two years and towards the end they invited a number of literary agents to meet us During the second year, I wrote the first draft of a story connected with my family and one of the agents seemed interested We met a couple more times and he decided to take me on And the rest, as they say, is history My second novel's coming out next month I I I angry - just really upset I'll never forget the look on her face Woman I've known Maggie since we 90 a few seconds I feel quite embarrassed Man You need to practise doing il Obviously, you've got to be careful not to look as if you're starin§, so that means not opening your eyes too wide Woman What about blinking? ls it OK to blink? Man Yes, of course lt's not some kind of competition to see who's the first to blink lt's just a way of showins that you're interested in the person you're talking to Man I wouldn't say I'm a particularly honest person - it's just that I'm just not very good at lying can still remember the first lie ever told I was about six at the time I had some medicine for a sore throat and I hated the taste of it My mother promised she'd take me shopping as soon as I'd had this horrible medicine So hid the medicine at the back of a cupboard and told my mother I'd taken il About five minutes after we got back from the shops my mother found it She wasn't were at school together We've met regularly ever since One year she'll come and stay with me, and the next l'll visit her And we've had a few holidays together And on top of that we've always written resular /etters We've been doing it now for over forty years We've only ever missed a couple of letters: once when I was away on holiday and once when Maggie was in hospital having one of her children We've thought about changing to the phone And remember, when you're answering the interviewer's questions, look them it was rush hour - the road was incredibly busy Man So what did you do? Woman ljust waited and hoped someone would stop and help me The thing is, I've never changed a tyre before Eventually, thank goodness, a police car stopped Woman lt was awful - ljust didn't know what to Man Didn't you have your mobile with you? Woman Yes, I did, but the battery Man flat was What about the emergency phones? There's usually one of those about every 500 metres Woman I could probably have reached one, but I was worried about leaving the car and walking around outside on my own And Woman We're open every day except Sundays Man OK - and how I become a member? Woman lf you complete this form and bring it back here, we'll issue you a card Man And what does that entitle me to? Woman lt allows you to use all of our facilities and to take out three books at a time for up to two weeks Man And can I access the internet here? Woman Yes, we have a computer suite on the first floor Man Great! And how much is all this? Woman At the moment, there's no charge if you live locally, but there may be a fee for internet usage in the future Man Thank you very much T6 Fwqlawos yq 'auop eq /fiauuuop pnoLls 'dn pe\cot eq ptnoqs Áaql ueaw zf¡,essacau ],uop ¡ 'op leql leq\^, )oJ [ed o] opew aq pnoqs Áaq14wq7 ¡ ¡ng 'otuoL{ ruor.ll puas pue uaLl] uotlnec ]sn[ Áeq1 'EunoÁ er,,{aq} uol.l^ }t }noqe Llcnu op ],uec ecr¡od all] ]elll s¡ ule¡qord aq1 'sFnrp Fullles pue srec Fulleels e¡t¡ sBu¡q1 raBBtq ol alenperB,ieql aroloq Buol ],us¡ l! lnq 'snopurnn s,e¡doad Eu¡¡eetq pue saxoq euoqd Fu¡qsetus alll sBultll Eu¡op Jlo uels Áeq1 ',iprq] ro ,{}ua¡n1rto sBueE ur punor oE,{eq1 'al!l I erol,l/v\ a}e}sa aq] uo ]LlBlo ro ua^as Jo sply aJe aroql ¡]l r.lll/v\ ,{e¡ne laB lsnI LUaLI] ]el ],uec noA te¡eedg 'pacuen\U! ñsea lsnf auo ,{¡uo eql pu w,l puv '»ilep )alLe ulv|o Áw uo yo oF of puecs u.¡,, ,{l}seuoq elnb pue 'alrl or1] pue Fulleap-Bntp pue sEueB asolll lle oJe araL{} /v\oN 'oq o} pasn }l oM lou s,ll 'olelso llcunoc e uo a^ll ¡ re¡eadg I ldt.rcs o!pnv I 'f '8 :SOCUAIUAS ejlxf C9 VV HT EZ CT o¿ eFed 8utua1St1 o aL.l] uot.l/v\ palcotls se/v\ | L.r ssalun ]eq1 paptnord o p ll se Euo¡ IOOI llol lll/v\ ],Uplno^ sole] oF uorsnlcuoc JOlla] t 'FuloE se/v\ oL,l alaLUv\ Ful>lool uaoq p,aLl uF¡s peot ot.l] olul palle/v\ J! oH / 'uB¡s peor aq] a^eLl ],uplno/v\ o^eLl ],uplno/v\ aq 'EuloF ,{}uouedns uslleor },uplno^ p q T, t p q z Ll c aue] p ,ilrlrlsotl ,ilneaq q ¿e eBed I Ñe1nqe39¡ c :acuoluos ellxf l9 v9 0v 8t 37, lT ¿9 eBed qsllSul Jo asn pue Sutpea¿ ]re/v\ rto Jl 'o] pJe/v\loJ Ful>lool J P sl e adoq Eullle¡¡ 'Fullcadxa o] pjemrot Eu!>{ool ]!eA adoq 'Eullcadxe we c 'uMo] r{tu u¡ auo se/v\ ajall} c q / ]cedxa e I deaqc p ]llnq-lla/'A c AzelqV dE q ¡eads Jo ]no Eu!>,lclls eZ pes!]cerd aAeL{ F / hlea I uotleu /,iltleuolleu e olul polle^ se^ or.l oraL.ll Eu¡¡oo¡ uaaq p,aq Jl Ll 'SSoJppe roq /v\aul I Jl Preclsod e JaLl puos plnoc I / 'prectsod e teq puas plnoc | 'sserppe raLl MouI I ll 'pomous peLl ]l j! Fulus auoE a^eLl plnoo aM /'Eull>ts auoE plnoc o/v\ 'peMous PeLl ll Jl I oAeLl 'a¡eds ol 0OO'00T3 pell jl e ,inq pJ 'lqce( e tqce,i / I peLl I ll a Anq p,l 'a;eds o] OO0'00TT pleJle l,use^ 'JOleM oE p¡nonn laLllotu ot.ls Eultuuulms Jl /'Fu¡ruurans oE plnom eqs 'Jolem^Vrl plerrte ],useM taLllotu Átu ll p Jo 'Ea¡ stq ualorq ],uPeLl aq Jl lleqlooi pa,{e¡d o^eL.l plnoc pe,{e¡d o^eq plnoo pauturolap ploc I ]uop4uocla^oa ilal /'lleqioo1 eq 'Ba¡ slL{ uo¡oJq },upel.l }}af / Jt ualJo arou arleaLl] all] o] oF p,l 'uel¡o aJoru (arlear.li aL.l] o]) oE p,l 'ul^ol Átr ur orleai.,ll e se/v\ alolll Jl 'll! uoaq N] No Np Nc dq Net )|eeds Eu!>1lel J e lla] q plesez plolp ],upeL,l el.ls Jl ,iued eq] o] euoB a^eLl plnoM ans / 'ÁUed aq] o] euoB aneq plno/v\ otls 'll! 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'e¡qnot¡ oWl pF spl»t Jo lot e Áqn s,JeLll'p/,^uc aq lvrottol tsnlol lou ueq s,ll 'uleBe ll op ll,aLl pauro¡n ]snI LU,l ]nq Allos se/v\ aL1 pue Fuoran se^ lt MauI aL.l ples aH 'arep e lsnI se^ ]l ']l Eu¡op oJaM sa]eu s!tl lle ]ell] ples oLl ]t ouop p,eq Áqm ulLl palse I uall¡¡ 'oloJaq alqnor] Áue ul uooq ronoN 'pe¡ pooB e uoeq s,{em¡e s,e¡1 'doqs e ruolJ sloo/v\s Eulleels ]tlBnec usaq p,or l pres ,{eq1 ueqm }! a^a!laq ],uplnoc | 'uollels otl] ]e u^ op eu,ie¡¡ rno ]oF p,,{oLl} }eq} sn plo} pue punor -l¿ auec ec¡¡od g le¡eedg 'op uec Áaq| ¡¡e s,leql nq 'se¡nt asoql ol r/o,ls sp!>t )leql a»lew ol Lt] pue'se¡nt ulvrop Áe¡ 'a¡dwexa poo? e las pnoqs Áeql yultll I tnq 'ot dn pF sp!\ )leLll leqw )oJ e¡qrsuodsa.l ppq aq uec sluarcd »tulLll l,uop I 'lue^A Áeq1 leqm op ]snl'Aaql uor]] lla^ '/v\el aL|} u^ op Áel ol punoje ueu e l,usr oleq] Jl pue ino,i o] uotluo]]e ¡iue ,{ed },uop ,{eq} 'ua} ¡o eEe etll }sed er,r{aq1 ocuo 's,ioq }oE en,nor{ pue JoL,l}otu alBuls e ar,no,{ ll prel,l ,i¡re¡nc¡yed aq uec ]l 'plll.lc e dn Fuuq o] sÁepe¡nou sl 1l preq /v\oLl oul I pue Jlas,{tl ¡ueled e u,¡ ^ ]ng 'sluored etll auelq e¡doed ]o lol V ¿ la¡eed5 'A oul ],uop I ¿slualed eql qstund ro uorpl!tlc eq] t{s!und a/v\ plnoLls 'sl Jo/v\sue aLll ]eL.lM orns lou w¡'pauaddeq U acu,s acuo asnoq slq Jo lno ueeq J,useq aH ']l reno ]oF l,usel,l lllls aH ',{euoul slq alo}s pue LUlr.l peqsnd sUlF EunoÁ o¡n] osoL.ll '}qE!l,iep peorq ut auoLl Ful>1lem se/v\ otl uaLl^ uolols uolsued slq pel¡ rnoqqF¡au Áu qluotu ]sel lsn[ 'sa{.uotl )!aq] u! pedden ¡ea¡ e¡doad 's/ql e\il s,eal oq¡vl ,e o T, Ñelnqelo¡ aFed Speaker You have to realize that these young people haven't got much money and so there is a limited number of things they can They can't afford to go to the cinema or go bowling, or at least not very often They are too young to go to pubs or nightclubs They want to be with other young people their own age, but they don't want to be stuck at home So what they do? Hang about in the street, meet up with other young people and get into trouble quite simply because they are bored Reading and Use of Engtish page 70 t 1D 2A 3E 48 5E 6B 7C 8A 9C 10D Vocabutary page 72 t a arrested, shoplifting b burglary, burgled o v, c speeding, drink-driving d hooligans e mugger f vandalism a committing, arrested, charged b court, bail, trial, trial c jury, verdict, guilty, guilty d jud§e, probation, committed, sentence, death penalty a fill it up b tore the letter up c wrapped up d drink up e tidy it up f Eat up g clear up Reading and Use of English page 73 L L household disposable financial equipment achievement possession(s) unwanted functional Writing page 73 a Both older people b c 92 and many young people are scared to go into the town centre at night As the bars and clubs are open until late, some people end up drinking too much As well as becoming argumentative, some people get into fights d e f ln addition to increasing the number of police officers on the street, more CCTV cameras should be installed and linked directly to the police station Buses should run throuShout the night so that people wouldn't have to walk home Not only would these improvements make our town a safer place to be at night but also a more pleasant place to be (at night) Grammar page t a lcould/mighthave b she can't be / mustn't be c I mi§ht d must have taken e can't have been / mi§ht not have been / must not have been f lt must be g I could / might be h You must have c may i we must have j You mi§ht not have given him k She could / might / must be I lt could / might / must be d can't a can't e could b can't a the b A / The, the, the c The d a,an,A e a, the, the, a f a,a g o, the, the h The, the, @,lhe 4a f a, a (9) a (6) b The, the (10) c an (1) d a, a, a (g) e an, a (3) b h i b is / was getting on c didn't get on f get away get me down §ot by g get over h Sot out A, tne a (5) 12¡ j a, @ (4) Vocabutary page 75 a sot away with d e a,al) ... analyze it and respond with a penetrating question, He learned to play Monopoly at four and was soon beating me; at six, he had read the Odyssey He would ro jigsaw puzzles without the pictures... child Not least of these is dealing with the education system, I've seen :o state schools that are content to be of average standard, and expensive private schools with equally average teachers that... the sentences with a word or short phrase a +, C q (U Daniel works from home because he would find being +J (¡ l: E Vocabutary Comparaflve and superlatlve Complete these sentences with the comparatlve