FIRST CERTIFICATE Avenues Revised Edition WORK BOOK with A n s w e r s David Foil & Anne CAMBRIDGE U N I V E R S I T Y PRESS Kelly P U B L I S H E D B Y T H E P R E S S S Y N D I C A T E O F THE U N I V E R S I T Y O F C A M B R I D G E The Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB2 lRP, United Kingdom CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 R U , United Kingdom 40 West 20th Street, New York, NY 10011-4211, USA 10 Stamford Road, Oakleigh, Melbourne 3166, Australia © Cambridge University Press, 1997 This book is in copyright Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press First published 1997 Reprinted 1997 Printed in the United Kingdom at the University Press, Cambridge ISBN 521 49982 Workbook with Answers I S B N 521 49983 Workbook IS BN 521 9 4 Workbook Cassette I S B N 521 49979 Coursebook I S B N 521 49980 Teacher's Book I S B N 521 49981 X Set of Class Cassettes Contents Introduction to the teacher Introduction to the student UNIT Language Lesson In t h e c i t y 33 Grammar Conditional sentences; Writing What would it be like?; Listening City life L e s s o n O n the l a n d Lesson L e a r n i n g E n g l i s h Grammar Asking questions; Vocabulary Phrasal verbs; Speaking Getting to know you Lesson E n g l i s h in t h e w o r l d Reading Use your dictionary wisely; Dictionary skills; UNIT A question of health Lesson H e a l t h a n d f i t n e s s Listening Learning Chinese Lesson U n s p o k e n m e s s a g e s 35 Vocabulary The right word; Reading A hellishly noisy place: Pronunciation Numbers and symbols: Vocabulary Phrasal verbs 10 Reading The kiss is not a simple matter; Grammar Pronouns; Vocabulary The right word; Writing Confessions of an English student 38 Grammar The present: Writing A day in the life of ; Speaking Talking about photos Lesson W h a t ' s t h e c u r e ? 40 Grammar Advice; Vocabulary Phrasal verbs; Listening The subject is smoking UNIT Eating and drinking Lesson N a t i o n a l f o o d Lesson P h y s i c a l l y d i f f e r e n t 15 Grammar Nouns; Vocabulary Containers and groups; Reading Ice cream: What's in a lick; Speaking The secrets of the fridge Lesson S o m e l i k e it h o t Lesson E x a m r e v i e w 45 18 A place called Grammar Personal preference; Writing My taste in food; UNIT Grammar Adverbs Lesson N e i g h b o u r h o o d s Lesson F o o d f o r t h o u g h t 20 Vocabulary Phrasal verbs; Listening Food and drink; Vocabulary The right word UNIT Grammar Present perfect; Writing Asking for information; Vocabulary Phrasal verbs 48 Compounds and adjectives; Speaking Safety at home Lesson Q u i t e a c h a r a c t e r 22 25 Lesson H e r o e s a n d H e r o i n e s 27 Grammar Comparatives and superlatives; Grammar UNI T On the move 53 Vocabulary Prepositional phrases; Grammar Reported statements; Speaking Expressing opinion; Grammar Asking questions Lesson A i r m a i l 55 Reading Air anxiety seminars; Word formation Nouns; Writing A letter to a friend; Vocabulary Phrasal verbs country Lesson On t h e m a p 50 Lesson O n t h e r o a d Listening The London Dungeon; Grammar Making deductions; Vocabulary The right word; Writing Linkers of addition; Writing My hero and Lesson I n t e r i o r s Reading The luck of the house; Grammar The past: Vocabulary The right word Grammar Relative clauses; Vocabulary Character questionnaire; Writing Punctuation practice; Speaking Personal description Town 46 Listening Converting my flat: Word formation Reading A question of honour; Grammar Conditional sentences; Pronunciation Emphasising words; Vocabulary Phrasal verbs home Lesson L i v i n g r o o m People Lesson J u d g i n g by a p p e a r a n c e s UNIT 42 Reading A feeling of pure joy; Pronunciation Vowel sounds; Grammar Adjectives ending in -ing and -ed: Vocabulary The right word Lesson E x o t i c h o l i d a y s 31 57 Grammar Modal verbs; Listening Early package tours and women travellers; Vocabulary The right word Passive; Speaking A nice place to live C o n t e n t s UNIT What's in the news? Lesson F r o m o u r o w n c o r r e s p o n d e n t UNIT 61 Grammar The past; Vocabulary Phrasal verbs; Pronunciation Weak forms; Speaking Reporter for a day Lesson N e w s i n t o h i s t o r y 63 64 Making your mind Lesson B r a i n P o w e r 94 Lesson T h e h a p p i e s t d a y s of y o u r l i f e ? 97 Pronunciation Word linking; Grammar Comparatives and superlatives (revision); Reading About a million dollars' worth; Vocabulary The right word way Lesson R i g h t f o o t f o r w a r d 69 UNIT Science 13 and technology Lesson C o m p u t e r s Grammar Reported questions; Writing The job interview; 101 Word formation Practice exercise; Speaking Asking Reading Mieroseopie machines; Grammar The infinitive; politely Vocabulary Phrasal verbs; Word formation Revision Lesson T h e p o u n d in y o u r p o c k e t 71 Lesson W r o n g f o o t f o r w a r d 73 case?: Grammar Reason, result and purpose: Vocabulary The right word The right word; Writing A letter to a friend UNIT 77 Grammar Modal verbs; Grammar Simple or progressive?; Reading Love and marriage; Speaking What would happen if ? Lesson A l l in t h e f a m i l y 106 Listening Watch out!; Grammar Quantity; Vocabulary Relationships Lesson F r i e n d s h i p 103 Grammar The future; Grammar Reported speech (revision); Vocabulary Prepositional phrases; Speaking Looking to the future Lesson M i n d o v e r m a t t e r Listening Down and out in Harlem: Reading A hopeless 10 exercise Lesson In s p a c e Speaking Shopping; Vocabulary Phrasal verbs; Grammar Getting people to things; Vocabulary Prepositional phrases UNIT 14 The world around us Lesson T h e e n v i r o n m e n t 109 Grammar Passive (revision); Reading Back from extinction; Writing Looking at both sides Lesson A n i m a l l i f e 80 112 Grammar The -ing form or the infinitive; Vocabulary Listening A traditional family; Grammar The article; Phrasal verbs (revision); Speaking Family animals; Word Word formation Verbs; Vocabulary Prepositional phrases formation Revision exercise Lesson B r i d g i n g t h e g e n e r a t i o n g a p 82 Exam review Lesson C o n c r e t e j u n g l e 114 Grammar Impersonal 'it': Vocabulary The right word: Listening An unusual story Grammar Contrast: Writing Between childhood and adult life; Vocabulary Phrasal verbs; Vocabulary The right word Lesson 85 UNIT 15 Culture and tradition Lesson T r a d i t i o n a l s t o r i e s UNIT 11 Free time Lesson A g o o d s p o r t 86 Lesson H o b b i e s a n d p a s t i m e s 87 Lesson C e l e b r a t i o n s 121 Speaking Family celebrations; Vocabulary The right word; Grammar Revision exercise I used to do; Word formation Prefixes; Speaking My favourite things in life Grammar The future; Vocabulary The right word; Writing Putting something right 119 Listening The arts; Grammar Conditional sentences (revision); Writing Making a complaint Reading An interest in magic: Grammar be used to doing Lesson H a v i n g a g o o d t i m e 116 Reading Once upon a time; Grammar Revision of tenses; Vocabulary Phrasal verbs (revision) Lesson A r t a n d c u l t u r e Listening A sporting life; Vocabulary Phrasal verbs; Vocabulary Prepositional phrases; Speaking Agreeing and disagreeing Lesson Exam review 124 90 Tapescripts Answers Acknowledgements 95 Listening Studying abroad; Grammar 'wish' I 'if only'; Vocabulary Prepositional phrases; Speaking Unwillingly to school? Lesson G r e a t e x h i b i t i o n s Reading Haunted waters; Grammar Time relationships; Vocabulary Prepositional phrases; Vocabulary The right word UNIT your Grammar The -ing form of the verb: Writing Dreams in everyday life; Vocabulary Phrasal verbs Listening History in the making; Grammar Conditional sentences: Writing / was there Lesson H o w c o u l d i t h a p p e n h e r e ? Improving 12 126 137 i n s i d e b a c k cover C o n t e n t s Introduction to the teacher This Workbook is designed to complement First Certificate Avenues Revised Edition Coursebook It gives students further practice in the grammar, vocabulary and skills work done in the Coursebook and provides further experience of exam exercise types The Workbook is available in two versions: one with tapescripts and answers, and one without The Workbook exercises are organised into three lessons for each unit, which correspond to Lessons 1, and of each Coursebook unit (There are only Workbook exercises which correspond to Coursebook Lesson 4s for Units 5, 10 and 15.) You may wish to use some exercises in class, to set others as homework, or to suggest that students treat the Workbook as a resource for individual study Where class time is limited, or where individual students have special needs or difficulties, you will find it helpful to have this bank of appropriate exercises which students can be encouraged to make use of in their own time If students are to use the Workbook on their own, it would be a good idea to go through the Introduction to the student with them first Make sure they understand how to make best use of the answers and tapescripts, and that they follow the rationale for using a cassette player when doing the speaking tasks and for practising speaking where possible with a classmate The Workbook reading, writing, listening and speaking exercises will give students practice in exam type tasks as well as help develop language skills The grammar exercises will consolidate work done in the Coursebook and help students acquire the accuracy and range of structures needed for all five papers at First Certificate Similarly, the vocabulary exercises will build on Coursebook work and extend students' active range in frequently used topic areas Completed exercises will be useful for reference and revision I n t r o d u c t i o n t o t h e t e a c h e r Introduction to the student You probably already realise that, if you want to make progress in English, you have to study by yourself as well as work in class This Workbook is to help you make the best use of your home study time HOW TO USE THE W O R K B O O K Your teacher may ask you to certain Workbook exercises for homework, or you may use the Workbook entirely on your own If you arc using the Workbook without a teacher, you probably need to have the edition which has answers (and the texts of the recorded material) at the back Then, when you have completed an exercise, you can check your answers for yourself Of course, you should never look at the answers, or the tapescript, until you have done the exercise Before you any Workbook exercise, study the instructions and the example carefully so that you know what to HOW THE W O R K B O O K IS O R G A N I S E D The Workbook exercises give you further practice in the work you have done on grammar, vocabulary and reading, writing, listening and speaking skills in the First Certificate Avenues Coursebook There are Workbook exercises for Lessons 1, and of every Coursebook unit You should the Workbook exercises after you have done the corresponding Coursebook lesson in class The reading, writing, listening and speaking tasks give you practice in the kinds of exercises you will have to in the Eirst Certificate exam There is a Workbook cassette which contains all the recorded material for the listening, speaking and pronunciation exercises GRAMMAR AND V O C A B U L A R Y You will find the Workbook grammar exercises give you more practice in grammar work done in the Coursebook The Workbook vocabulary exercises practise vocabulary that has been taught in the Coursebook They also extend your vocabulary with other words and phrases around the topic of the unit which are useful at First Certificate level READING AND L I S T E N I N G Doing the Workbook reading and listening tasks will help you improve your reading and listening skills You should the tasks in different ways Sometimes you can take as much time as you need, reading or listening to the text as often as you like, and if you can't guess the meaning of an important word, using a dictionary to help you At other times you should the tasks as timed exam practice: only listening to each listening text twice, and taking 5-20 minutes to each reading task, and not referring to a dictionary WRITING Doing the Workbook writing tasks will develop your writing skills Remember to follow the instructions, to make a paragraph plan before you write, and to check what you have written carefully afterwards It's useful if a teacher can correct your written work for you, but it's not essential Just doing the writing is good practice If possible, ask a classmate to read what you have written to see if you have communicated your ideas clearly There are model answers to some writing tasks at the back of the edition with answers Sometimes you should try to a writing task as timed exam practice If you want to that, think about the task, plan, write and check your work, all in 45 minutes SPEAKING The Workbook speaking tasks are perhaps the most difficult exercises to on your own But it is very important that you practise your speaking as much as the other skills This is because Eirst Certificate Paper 5, like the other papers, earns % of the total marks in the exam - and you can only improve by practising For most speaking tasks there is an example or model on the cassette Listen to this carefully Practise what you want to say, then record yourself speaking on a blank cassette Listen to what you have said, think how you could improve your performance and record yourself again This will help you express your ideas more fluently and make fewer mistakes If possible, the speaking tasks with a classmate Then you can help each other, enjoy the task more, and get useful exam practice Remember, in the First Certificate exam you will Paper with another candidate Doing the Workbook exercises in addition to the work in First Certificate Avenues Coursebook will mean you face the exam with added confidence in your ability to all five papers well I n t r o d u c t i o n t o the s t u d e n t U N S T O N E Language Learning English Grammar Asking questions Vocabulary Claudia is in England and wants to a summer school in English Complete her conversation with the director of the Central Language College DIRECTOR: Yes, please I'd like some information Could you (1) tell me about your college ? Replace the words in italics with a phrasal verb, in the correct form, from the box Use a different phrasal verb each time Certainly Do you want to study English here? CLAUDIA: Yes, but I can't stay in England very long When (2) DIRECTOR: If you work hard, you'll make progress ? Would Monday suit you? We have a few free ( That would be fine How long (3) ? DIRECTOR: Exactly four weeks It ends on the second of Could you tell me how many (4) ) the chart on page ; then say aloud ( ) ) your homework Three in the morning and two in the Check ( ) what you have written carefully before you give ( CLALDIA: Are (5) DIRECTOR: Well, the average number is twelve Our ? ) your composition to the teacher for correction You have missed a lot of classes, so you must teachers find that the best size some extra work to reach the same level as CLAIJDIA: I don't have to (6) DIRECTOR: I'm afraid you Your marks will tell us ? ( ) the other students You can remove ( which is the best class for you ) a mistake written in pencil, but you have to draw a line through What about accommodation? Can you (7) DIRECTOR: Make notes by completing ( excuse you from doing ( afternoon You'll have to work hard! CLAUDIA: ) the problem by finding ) the word in the dictionary I know it's a holiday tomorrow, but I'm not going to ? DIRECTOR: ) what you have written to your partner September CLAEDIA: ( get.on in English Solve ( places then CLAIDIA: These phrasal verbs are frequently used in the English language classroom: catch up with cross out fill in get on go through hand in let off look up read out rub out stand in for work out Good morning Can I help you? CLAUDIA: DIRECTOR: Phrasal verbs ( ? We'll our best But most of our regular ) one written in ink Your normal teacher is ill, so I'm doing the job for ( ) her today families are fully booked at the moment CLAUDIA: Well, I think I'll the course Shall I write you a cheque now? L E S S O N L e a r n i n g E n g l i s h Use your dictionary to check the meanings of any of these verbs that you are not sure of Learn the ones that are new for you Listen to ten 'getting to know you' questions on the recording and answer them with information about yourself These questions are typical of the sort of questions the examiner will ask you in Part of Paper J There is a pause on the recording between each question: try to keep talking for the whole length of the pause When you have answered all the questions, stop the recording and think about your answers In what ways could you improve them? Did you make any g r a m m a r mistakes which you can correct now? C o u l d y o u h a v e u s e d m o r e p r e c i s e o r m o r e interesting vocabulary? Can you think of a better way of joining y o u r ideas together? Rewind the recording a n d answer the questions again Were your answers better this time? For further practice, if possible, ask and answer the questions with a classmate Use your dictionary wisely Read the following advice carefully Three of the 'rules' give unwise advice: which you think they are? Why? Look at the end of the book to see if you are right about the 'unwise rules' U N I T L a n g u a g e Although she had the problem with her doctor, she still felt worried PRONUNCIATION Which word is the odd one out? Check your answers in the dictionary 10 I have several times about the noise they make late at night ship: The vowel sound in ship is /I/, not /i:/ EXAMPLE: like the other words IDIOMS tree piece (ship) key bed sand said laugh full head much wolf born does could ought first warm leaf friend once foot When you want to know the meaning of an idiom, you can look up a key word in the dictionary Match each sentence (1-6) with an appropriate response (a-f) Then check your answers by looking at all the entries for the key word 'world' in the dictionary young fool fault board serve earth cough word Underline the silent letters Check your answers in the dictionary EXAMPLE: dumb ghost doubt knife sword honest cupboard Wednesday should whistle knee half walk psychology receipt MEANING A N D USE All in some meaning example, the verbs in the box are to with speaking way In the dictionary, check the particular of each verb and how it is used For what preposition comes after 'refer'? argued boasted chatted complained discussed expressed insisted mentioned objected referred Complete each sentence with an appropriate verb from the box Think about meaning and grammar In his speech he referred to the help he had received from his friends In the lunch break we about our favourite television programmes She her ideas simply so that everyone could understand I that I was going on holiday but I didn't give any details He to my neighbours on giving me a lift in his Is the food good there? She says she can be a good mother and have a successful career Clare looks really happy Tom doesn't want to lose his secretary Paul never takes any notice of what's happening Luke doesn't have that huge car any more a b c d e f Yes, she wants the best of both worlds No, he's come down in the world Yes, it's out of this world No, he's in a world of his own Yes, she's on top of the world No, he thinks the world of her What other useful phrases or idioms does your dictionary give for the word 'world'? Learning Chinese Listen to Sue, an English teacher, talking about her experience of learning Chinese What aspect of this is she describing? A using her coursebook B remembering new vocabulary C taking part in conversations Listen again and complete this summary of the methods Sue used It is written as seven points of advice on remembering new vocabulary in any foreign language The first letter of each missing word is given One example ( ) has been done for you car even though I wanted to walk She with her father all day, but about his rich and famous parents and the expensive presents they gave him The students One way to r similar w E n g l i s h in t h e a word is to find a in your language: Learn your v but a I in another way is to make a picture of it in your mind to the large amount of homework the teacher gave them L E S S O N the v your textbook which you need in r he still wouldn't let her go to the party He U w o r l d not once a week and o to deny all her feelings of weakness In addition, she put family honour first, even above her own safety Besides, she was a Chinese woman and so am I! UNIT LESSON Comparatives Grammar 10 and superlatives less deep here than it is further east not as narrow here as in the old town is heavier than in the winter the driest place in the world as hot as Saudi Arabia Hatter than Romania more dangerous at sea than on land most successful export is cotton much thicker than it is this afternoon f i b is separated is considered be divided was planned are employed are exported are spoken UNIT a h a j g 10 c Conditional sentences j c b eighty-five per cent twenty-eight degrees centigrade three and a quarter seven and a half three-quarters three pounds fifty nine dollars twenty-eight Other numbers here: 701 seven hundred and one 1,362 one thousand three hundred and sixty two , fifty seven thousand, two hundred and fifty one f i e 10 g Vocabulary City life Listening B UNIT A a a a a a C LESSON The right Vocabulary C planted track b near b flows b splashed word b sowed c harvested d cultivated trail c path d lane nearest c next d nearby flies c crosses d rushes b overflowed c floated d ran a bank b beach c seaside d shore e coast a border b margin c edge d boundary a view b panorama c scenery d scene l e f c g 3d a C 140 A hellishly E A laid LESSON The present spends is getting are working are you doing have give am am finishing Are you enjoying don't normally eat tastes is studying wakes opens plays surprises know prefers seems are becoming are getting are increasing lay - laid - laid lie - lay - Iain raise - raised - raised rise - rose - risen Reading Grammar raise Phrasal verbs A married couple breaks up: peace negotiations break down You pull up weeds and pull down an old garden shed You turn the volume up For example, doing badly in a test gets you down You take up a new sport and take down dictation You can set up a business When you stand down, you resign from an important position, e.g as head of an organisation, often to let someone else take your place Your best friends back you up your parents bring you up and traffic jams hold you up 10 You can make up your face or a story: two friends make up after a quarrel UNIT b 'lay' and 'raise' must have an object, 'lie' and 'rise' not have an object rises and symbols The number ' ' can be said in a number of ways, depending on the context The following are some of the more common ways: oh one seven one - seven four nine - oh five double four two minus two equals nought five four three two one zero! two nil fifteen love was founded have been made LESSON Grammar d e Numbers The rule for the use of 'and' when saying numbers is that you say it after 'hundred' (or 'hundred thousand') when this is followed by a number from to 9 e.g four hundred and twenty , 9 six hundred and thirty eight thousand, nine hundred and fifty nine You not say it after 'hundred' when this is followed by 0 e.g , 0 twenty five thousand, five hundred Passive Grammar Pronunciation lay noisy place H G D B A n s w e r s UNIT LESSON Vocabulary Advice Grammar relieved Dear Patrick, I'm very sorry to hear that you are having a lot of problems with toothache You should take care of your teeth You know they have to last you all your life! If I were you I would pay more attention to my diet I know you like chocolate, but you'd better eat fewer sweet things Remember that sugar is bad for your teeth You ought to eat apples and raw carrots instead Do you clean your teeth after every meal? Have you tried using an electric toothbrush? Make sure you brush up and down as well as from side to side Why don't you change your dentist? Mr Lundy is very old and doesn't know about modern dental techniques It's best to go to a dentist who has just qualified What about asking your cousin Denise to recommend someone? Unless you look / If you don't look after your teeth now, they will all fall out and you won't dare to open your mouth in public or be able to smile at anyone! I suggest you take my advice very seriously Phrasal verbs Vocabulary give up put on cut down take up ft come out in clear up go down with get over 10 look forward to The subject is smoking Listening The three people discuss aspects of these points in the questionnaire: 1, ft 2A UNIT 3A A Reading 4M 5D LESSON 6A 7D 8M 9D 10 M feeling of pure joy The writer was physically disabled, and was only able to paint by holding the brush between the toes of his left foot It can't have been easy for him to (see paragraph 3) crouched curled up clenched tacks queer ft awkward crooked corkscrew easel C D A C B Pronunciation Vowel sounds body cold heart Grammar Adjectives ear ending in ft -ing sore and -ed you frightened by the sight of blood? are interested in (watching) television programmes about hospitals was/felt relieved an amusing story, ft is tiring the instructions on the medicine bottle confusing was disappointed in the (result of the) treatment something encouraging to the sick child 10 an amazing recovery from his injuries A n s w e r s The right refreshed exhausted recipe UNIT a a a a a a a word tired ticket relaxed worried receipt restless confused prescription injection b dose c pill d drug fit b energetic c healthy d lively aches b hurts c pains d swells struck b injured c damaged d wounded suffer b destroy c harm d spoil treat b cure c heal d mend wrapped b sheltered c protected d comforted LESSON Exam review Advice for Arianna: It's important to think about what each sentence is testing This will help you to focus your mind each time and then you can remember the appropriate grammar rules In the Workbook, each rewriting sentences exercise focuses on just one grammar area, e.g comparatives and superlatives (whereas in the exam, of course, this question will test a wide range of grammar) The Workbook exercise gives you practice in all the different ways of, for example, making comparisons which you need to know at First Certificate level You have already done this kind of exercise in the Workbook (on pages , 31 and ) and there are many more opportunities for practice in the following units Advice for Rob: Try to as much practice as you can with a classmate In this way, you can get more used to speaking English and can help each other to improve Everyone is nervous: it's natural But think about how much English you know and try to relax The first part of the exam ('Getting to know you') is the easiest part and it should help you to relax There is nothing to 'forget' or to 'remember': you just have to talk naturally When you start talking, you'll find that the only thing you forget is your nerves! A minute ('Talking about photos') is actually not a very long time, so it's important to practise using the minute well You should the specific practice exercises in the Workbook (for example, on page 39) and revise those in the Coursebook (for example, pages 4ft-7 and - ) There'll be more practice later in the Workbook and Coursebook Paolo could have done better if he had: - followed the instructions more precisely He didn't really compare and contrast the two photos, and he didn't talk about taking exercise and eating well as ways of having a healthy lifestyle Instead, he described each photo in turn and then talked about how he liked windsurfing in his country - organised his ideas better Because he didn't follow the instructions carefully, he seemed to say the first thing that came into his head He also ran out of time before he had finished 141 - - UNIT used a range of language He used a narrow range of the same simple grammar and vocabulary He didn't use the sentence structure practised on page 46 of the Coursebook He clearly didn't know unusual or specific vocabulary (e.g 'He's standing on a sand dune' or 'He's wearing a cap') and had forgotten more simple vocabulary ('There's a lighter I an ashtray') paraphrased He didn't try to paraphrase when he couldn't find the word he needed (e.g 'It's a kind of bank which you find behind a beach' or 'It's something you use for putting the ash in / for putting the end of your cigarette in when you have finished smoking') LESSON Grammar Present perfect 10 have watched Neighbours for has not been spoilt hasn't / has not lived in/on has never worked have just heard time Sean has ever had have not been held have not visited has been less unemployment Writing Asking for information This is one possible way of writing the letter: Dear Mr Thomas, LESSON Listening Converting my flat balcony 1/ cupboards 2 / bedroom hall Word formation Compounds and adjectives paper chair room agent light machine 10 house pin box air-conditioned brand-new hard-wearing labour-saving mass-produced old-fashioned remote-controlled second-hand waterproof changeable, changeless colourful, colourless dusty suitable mountainous powerful, powerless spacious UNIT LESSON traditional 10 allergic 11 valuable, valueless, invaluable 12 cloudy, cloudless 13 energetic 14 rusty Reading T h e luck of the house According to feng shui features 1, 3, and would create negative energy, while features 2, and would create positive energy B E A G r a m m a r The past Thank you for your letter telling me about a host family in London I should first like to ask you about the Grove family's neighbourhood before I decide whether to stay with them Improving my English during my visit is very important to me Will I be able to take English classes at the local college, or will I have to travel into central London for this? I also wonder what kind of activities I could there in my free time Is there a swimming pool and tennis courts in the park? Are there pubs and discos as well as a cinema? I see there is a supermarket in the High Street, but what about fashion boutiques and bookshops? Finally I am sure I will often want to go into the centre of London Can you tell me how long it takes on the underground, whether it is expensive and whether I would be able to return home late at night? Thank you for help I look forward to hearing from you Yours sincerely, Vocabulary Phrasal verbs 142 UNIT clear out put them up get round to have my parents round drop in cut across come up with turn into breaks out get out cut off put every sensible person off take up put out decided announced noticed were taking was papering ran didn't/did not wash painted opened saw was was was getting wanted lasted was/were working were putting was hanging, wasn't/was not doing gave heard had finished started used made hadn't/had not woken didn't/did not dp hadn't/had not remembered had dusted polished shone thought had turned realised had forgotten smelt/smelled was had ironed managed Vocabulary The right word Indoors: ceiling, door, floor, stairs Outdoors: roof, gate, ground, steps At the bottom of the house: basement, cellar At the top of the house: top floor, attic On the floor: mat, rug, carpet On the bed: mattress, sheet, blanket On the bed: pillow On the sofa: cushion In the kitchen: sink In the bathroom: basin repair it redecorate it renew it rebuild it A n s w e r s a a a a a UNIT guard b keep c support d maintain private b special c own d particular deliver b provide c share d distribute miss b lose c leave d forget returned b removed c replaced d recovered LESSON 7 by air, bus, car, plane, ship, train (means of travelling) in the air, bus, car, plane, ship, train (position) on foot at sea (when living) by land, sea (when travelling) in the world on earth, land, the moon, the sea (position) on business, holiday in a hurry on a journey at night (= time when) by day/night (= during) Grammar on by Listening by at on Reported Grammar on in by at/by Asking Reading Air anxiety 3G A Word formation Early package tours and women travellers The right word The ship's captain and pilot need the most training, F E Nouns trial loneliness destruction poverty fitness anxiety refusal celebration 10 development 11 electricity 12 solution 13 choice 14 stupidity 15 disappointment 16 behaviour 17 thickness 18 breath 19 relaxation 20 practice 21 imagination 22 take-off make-up 24 upbringing Portuguese height exploration worthless deafness Professional exceptionally foolish 10 peacefully A n s w e r s couldn't / could not see mustn't / must not speak must buy a ticket needn't wear / need not wear / don't need to wear / not need to wear ought to travel could you arrange shall I find out may be asked to share had to spend The following need professional training: air steward, bus conductor, ship's captain, guard, jockey, pilot, receptionist seminars B verbs footbridge, pedestrian crossing, underpass • C Modal A suggested order from small to large is: purse - wallet - bumbag - handbag - shoulderbag briefcase - rucksack - suitcase - trunk B H 10 LESSON check-in desk - security control - passport control departure lounge - duty-free shop - boarding gate cabin - arrivals hall questions LESSON Vocabulary Suggested answers: that rather dangerous cars had punctures the lorry driver know what was happening you manage to catch him motorists use the motorway you any advice for motorists UNIT verbs train religious Scotland seaside Germany Belgium traveller Turkey 10 Queen 11 desert 12 Spain 13 Jerusalem 14 Bible 15 pilgrimages 16 late 17 independent 18 package 19 cycling 20 married statements week before he'd/he had been were safer because they drove she'd/she had never driven were demanding an underpass there they were going to install would fail my test unless we weren't/were not allowed to informed (that) I had to told me not to park Grammar Phrasal turn back drawing out call off see you off getting away pick you up run into run over hang about check in takes off making for stop over UNIT Prepositional phrases Vocabulary 10 Vocabulary crawl - as a baby creep - when you don't want to be seen limp - when you've hurt your foot march - as a soldier slip - when walking on ice tiptoe - when you don't want to wake someone up trip - when you catch your foot on a step wander - when you have nowhere particular to go drive - a car ride - a bicycle, a horse row - a boat sail - a yacht accelerate - brake check in to - check out of float - sink guest - host land - take off slow down - speed up Overtake and reverse are both actions you take when driving 143 destination (all the rest are types of traveller) traveller (all the rest are parts of a train) lobby (all the rest are places to stay in) into / out of: boat, car, plane, train on (to) / off: bicycle, horse, ship UNIT a a a a a a lane b pavement c motorway d way platform b station c harbour d quay fetch b lead c accompany d bring expedition b tour c voyage d trip ride b drive c excursion d travel arrived b got c reached d entered LESSON Grammar The past 10 11 12 13 14 15 came have existed were not allowed has changed have become had managed has always impressed won made went happened has received have been threatened i e d g F F F T T F F 10 T Grammar Conditional sentences b might/could/would not have written hadn't been hadn't done wouldn't have won hadn't brought might/would smoke would never have become hadn't modernised would know hadn't been invented hadn't been colonised by the British, they wouldn't speak English there didn't often tell lies, ordinary people wouldn't/mightn't find it (so) difficult to trust them entered politics, more countries would/might have a female head of state hadn't been discovered, many lives wouldn't have been saved / would have been lost hadn't been a statesman as well as a soldier, he wouldn't have been so successful UNIT Reading LESSON Haunted waters D ripples summit I D debris emerged log perished A 3D B C submerged B Grammar Time relationships Vocabulary Phrasal verbs a T c j b 10 f Pronunciation Weak forms The ringed words marked with a tick were pronounced in the weak form, as a /a/ sound The ringed words not marked with a tick were pronounced in their full form at at at In at In in in At at - on as it was taking / as it took were sleeping when as soon as we heard while the rescue work was before he went / before going had gone down considerably by until/till his horse came on on in in on at - Vocabulary Prepositional phrases at a time at the same time a on time b in time c at times UNIT LESSON Listening History in the making getting involved in politics, fighting in wars 744 on time At times in time a b c d e at at at at in last / in the end once first the moment / at present a moment at At At At In once first last / In the end present / At the moment a moment A n s w e r Vocabulary The right word a d a a d a d a advertise In to G r a m m a r Getting people to things news b information c publicity propaganda latest b last c late d lately encouraged b persuaded c recommended suggested warned b threatened c convinced influenced crashed b broke c ruined d smashed broadcast publish announce the case of two possible answers, use your dictionary make sure of the differences of meaning demonstration/march opposition to council/government banners/placards riot I would rather you didn't smoke in here correct Would you mind passing me that tile over there? It's time we had a coffee break Why don't you get the figures checked by an accountant? Do you mind if I make a telephone call? I wonder if you could type this letter by o'clock? correct 10 Could you let me leave work early this evening? Vocabulary Prepositional phrases a in half, in two b at a loss - at a profit at least - at most at work - off work in debt - out of debt in stock - out of stock off duty - on duty list - punch foot - kick gun - shoot knife - stab stick - beat advance - retreat attack - defend capture - release defeat - victory resist - surrender c UNIT b 3d LESSON a Grammar Reported questions in debt in half / in two at a loss on duty in stock off work at least at all costs by half at all in all on the whole on in in in in in on The conversation should be similar to this: UNIT 'What is the secret of your success?' 'Trust I reward the animals when they perform well, and will never accept a job which involves any cruelty.' 'Which animal is the most difficult to deal with?' 'The cat Cats are more temperamental than actresses!' 'Can you remember a particularly difficult assignment?' 'I was terrified by the hungry wolves in "Company of Wolves" But the most difficult are those commercials for Australian lager which require a lot of flies.' 'How you catch the flies?' 'They're impossible to catch I have to breed them at home!' Listening Down and out in Harlem UNIT LESSON No A n s w e r s h b e j Yes Yes No Yes No No discharged vistas wrote off housebound C A heading for radically placements D Grammar Reason, result and purpose 61 Reading A hopeless case? I B Vocabulary Phrasal verbs g 3i c 11 f 12 a LESSON on Clarence is living on the streets because he was in prison for eight years and, it seems, has been unable to rebuild his life He's also an alcoholic Word formation Practice exercise sleeveless weakness excited width breathlessly breakable Refreshments apologetically 10 probability in 10 d 10 because of his for the police to such a difficult job in case he has to he could tell them about as the magistrate may give they didn't / did not have lied so obviously speak loudly enough for 145 The right Vocabulary a a a a a a a a living, a reward, a salary an advantage, experience a living, a profit a competition, a prize an advantage, experience, a prize, a reward, a salary break into: burgle: hijack: kidnap: mug: rob: steal: of a a a a a a a for 10 Grammar Grammar left b sacked c laid off d retired line b charge c fee d fare loan b contract c debt d loss afford b insure c spare d bet crime b offence c fault d mistake cheated b lied c tricked d deceived innocence b guilt c responsibility d blame earn: gain: make: win: get: UNIT word bank, a car, a house house plane person person bank, a person car, a plane of LESSON Modal to with the the the - - - 10 1 a 12 the the the the a a the - - 21 a 2 - a 25 - 26 - 27 - 28 a 29 the a 32 a 33 - the 35 the a 37 a - bleed choose criticise die, deaden encourage enjoy feed forecast 10 heat 11 live 12 lose 13 memorise 14 obey 15 persuade 16 prove 17 qualify 18 relieve 19 sadden 20 save 21 sharpen 22 succeed 23 summarise 24 sympathise terrify 26 threaten 10 Prepositional Vocabulary for to by yourself / on your own in public in private in particular in general at war verbs 10 could speak could have gone may be going out might not have got in in UNIT in at 10 at in in LESSON in at at in Contrast Grammar b i a e j f h 10 d or progressive? Vocabulary haven't we passed have been driving have been waiting have you been doing doesn't/does not want is saving up looks is laughing love are looking forward to was travelling met got was studying was introducing wondered had seen had been feeling had left 10 Phrasal verbs take to stood by split up broke down broke off count on let his friends down fell out up get on live up to fell for fall in with backed out Love and marriage Reading 13 and B/D E A C D 11 A 12 E B E and C/D Vocabulary False - the husband sorts it out True 5, 3, , , 6, 10 Listening LESSON A traditional family C True a a a a a a a a The right UNIT phrases a by yourself, on your own b at peace - at war in general - in particular in public - in private c Simple Verbs Word formation needn't have ironed oughtn't/ought not to feel must tell must have got married can't have quarrelled Grammar The article word upset b suspicious c nervous d anxious curious b sympathetic c aware d conscious alone b lonely c single d unique unwilling b uncertain c unlikely d uneasy determined b confident c definite d certain courage b honour c trust d respect mood b sense c emotion d temper grew up b developed c grew d brought up False - he or she is not expected to help with the work (only to look after the children when the mother is out) False - the most important members of the family are the grandparents If they are no longer alive, it is the father 146 A n s w e r s UNIT 10 LESSON Exam review j Advice to Anke: Doing The right word and the phrasal verb exercises in this Workbook will help you with the multiple choice gap-tilling in the exam Don't worry if you sometimes have to guess Even if you aren't sure of the right answer, you can make an intelligent guess by crossing out the words you know are wrong, and choosing the word which sounds best to you in the gap Phrasal Vocabulary 3i a UNIT c in under out of in 11 LESSON An Reading f Prepositional Vocabulary out of out of e verbs g h 10 b phrases out of in out of in out of interest in magic Advice to Kenji: C If you have more listening practice you will feel more confident about your listening ability and not get so nervous Use the listening exercises in this Workbook, together with the Workbook recording, to practise listening at home You can stop and start the recording whenever you like, and replay different bits as often as you find necessary By being in charge yourself, you can learn not to panic biannually sworn to embarking nerve-racking shattered unruffled enthralled hovered hoop 10 manipulation The student has not made any grammar, spelling or punctuation mistakes in this letter, but it could be improved in three important ways: a Letter-writing stifle This is a formal letter to someone the writer doesn't know It should begin 'Dear Mr Thomas', not 'Dear Richard', which is too informal The writer has also forgotten to end the letter appropriately with 'Yours sincerely' and to add her signature This should be a polite letter, so 'Please give me more information' is too abrupt as a beginning b Paragraph organisation In the first paragraph of this letter the writer should thank Mr Thomas for his letter, and give the writer's reason for writing, that is, to ask for more information about the area where the Grove family live The writer should then organise the questions she wants to ask into two or three paragraphs This student has not done this She has not written an introductory paragraph, and all her questions have gone together in one paragraph The student's second paragraph is irrelevant The information and opinions she gives in this paragraph were not asked for in the instructions You must always follow the instructions exactly in this kind of writing task c Language The student has asked appropriate questions in her first paragraph, but she has not used appropriate language She has just copied the words which were written on the map and made them into a list of questions She should have used her own words as far as possible to ask the questions more politely, and with similar ideas linked together H Grammar A 'be G used to B F doing'/ 'used to E do' Before the invention of the record player, people used to make their own music at home in the evenings Nowadays people aren't used to entertaining themselves They spend most of their leisure time watching television In spite of the long time spent in front of the television set reading is an even more popular pastime than it used to be At one time women used to have less free time than men, because they used to all the housework, but now many men have got used to the idea of sharing the household chores Entertaining friends has always been a favourite way of passing the time The ancient Romans used to eat and drink at banquets which lasted all day and night: they probably became used to getting up the next day feeling '1! Today many people try to keep fit People who use^ to sleep until noon at the weekend have now got used to getting up early so that they can run, swim or yoga before breakfast A popular hobby is collecting things Some people collect relatively cheap objects like stamps or postcards, while others prefer antique furniture or vintage cars Word formation Prefixes impolite self-centred non-fiction co-worker intercontinental midday underpaid outrun 10 superhuman 11 substandard 12 inactive misfortune 14 dissatisfied 15 regain 16 preheat specialise impatiently disqualification sympathise ensure irreplaceable identify unsuitability 10 fattened UNIT 11 Grammar LESSON The future See the sample answer for this question on page UNIT 11 Listening A LESSON A F A n s w e r s sporting life B C A B A B A B A B are you going to go 'm/am going to have 'll/will be 'll/will help 'm/am going to see 'll/will come 's/is going to snow won't/will not 147 's/is singing opens 're/are having 'm/am playing arrives a a a a a a d a does the plane land 'm/am not going is starts 're/are taking swing throw drae sew weave pump knit pick scatter stitch glance stare notice glimpse distinguish recognise identify observe GET LARGER: expand, extend, increase, raise GET SMALLER: decrease, lower, reduce, shrink lower shrunk expanded extend increasing decreased raised Putting something right Writing Your letter to the editor could be something like this: Dear Sir, I am writing to disagree with the opinions expressed by Melanie Cooke in her review of the Firecracker disco I not think Ms Cooke gave Firecracker a fair chance She must have got there too early When my friends and I arrived, the place was bursting with an enthusiastic crowd of dancers, all enjoying the lively atmosphere Ms Cooke complains about the music She cannot have stayed long, or she would have heard the biggest hits from Europe and North and South America They probably played just a few slow numbers before the dancers got warmed up Ms Cooke also objects to the cost of refreshments Admittedly this is high, but entrance charges are reasonable You can have an enjoyable night out for less than the price of a trip to the cinema Altogether I think Ms Cooke's report was unfair She should not discourage people from trying Firecracker for themselves My friends and I can thoroughly recommend it as we would have told her if she had spoken to us Yours faithfully UNIT 12 Grammar 10 148 LESSON in up think come The - i n g form of the verb point (in) doing help sleeping / falling asleep spying / being a spy asking making people boasting you (from) ruining on studying of visiting 12 Listening field b ring c court d pitch forbidden b prevented c excluded d hindered cancelled b postponed c paused d limited entrance b admission c approach d entry Rapid b swift c hasty d prompt date b appointment c arrangement agreement calm b steady c constant d idle Phrasal verbs Vocabulary UNIT The right word Vocabulary 10 10 11 12 see across/over 10 got LESSON Studying up get/sail abroad diploma with a French family wonderful food a year and a half master's degree apartment (with a friend) small classes Russian language and culture three months certificate friendly people Grammar 'wish'/'if only' If only I could drive to school every day , correct If only we had more mathematics classes this term correct Most people today wish they earned more money I wish Anita hadn't kept interrupting the teacher in yesterday's biology class correct correct 10 If only Jola had passed all her exams when she left school Vocabulary by on Prepositional By in in in in the way other words fact some ways in in In In fact the way other words some ways UNIT 12 by LESSON Pronunciation are all type of Word phrases on by by linking a open everyone all 10 have other See Coursebook page 151 Pronunciation Word linking D 10 that are (Way 1) for all (Way ) are a (Way ) be open (Way 3) to everyone (Way 2) the other (Way 3) specialist type (Way 6) that's of (Way 1) it's all (Way 1) people have (Way 5) A n s w e r s Grammar 10 Comparatives and superlatives (revision) About a million F B H C Grammar worth E A Route the plotters will take: 10 11 12 F machines A B H E consume minuscule brainchild from scratch properties assembly Trillions fluid dollars' G LESSON Microscopic G Some of the more valuable jewels in the Sultan's treasure collection (e.g rubies, emeralds) 1) 13 Reading more interested in sculpture than is the best place teach as well as to spend less time twice as big as is the least difficult is much more valuable than Brian behaved worst isn't/is not the same as Reading UNIT managed to keep/be is unlikely to mend to ask him/her to let the children play taught me how to fix Vocabulary COURTYARD OF THE JANISSARIES GALE OF SALVATION SECOND COURTYARD KITCHENS GATE OF FELICITY WHITE EUNUCHS' QUARTERS STAIRS TO ROOF HAREM AREA AUDIENCE CHAMBER THIRD COURTYARD TREASURY MUSEUM FOURTH COURTYARD The infinitive 10 Phrasal verbs running down taken over Switch off cool down check up on writing up Word formation 'd/had better take are impossible to follow to have reached appears to be waiting 10 Revision plug it in take me in brought off set back exercise terrified enlarged sleepless truthfully creator uneconomical furry freedom 10 ambitiously UNIT 13 Grammar LESSON The future Who knows where we will be taking our holidays in a few years' time? Correct You can't become an astronaut until you have got a space school diploma Many countries are unlikely to have enough money to compete in the space race Correct When Roy and Jenny graduate they are hoping to get jobs with NASA Olga hopes she will be leading / will lead a space mission in the next few years The Americans are going to send a camera deeper into space than ever before to see what pictures it will send back 10 Many science fiction ideas are bound to become fact before the decade is over Vocabulary a a a a a a d The right word mark b certificate c grade d degree qualified b enrolled c entered d sat post b task c profession d career obtained b possessed c neglected d preserved refused b referred c reserved d restored immediately b presently c actually currently ] compare contrast doubt realise grasp consider reason wonder Suggested answers: collected classified A n s w e r s organised Grammar Reported speech (revision) if/whether she had ever seen which planets they were going said (that) he/she had been if/whether he thought she should he would be looking told everyone to fasten / told everyone they should fasten suggested (that) Frank read / suggested (that) Frank should read asked Gail to record 10 warned Phil not to have arranged 149 Vocabulary Prepositional phrases by hand at hand on the one hand in the future in future By far in the future at hand On the one hand by hand In future in advance UNIT 13 Listening F LESSON UNIT on the other hand by far in advance on the other hand Watch out! 3D B 5E Grammar Quantity Some people believe there is a monster in Loch Ness, while others disagree Like most people, I have experienced a few strange coincidences, but not many European scientists have little knowledge of nanotechnology Both Evans and Parker wanted to go on the space walk, but the commander didn't want either of them to it f> Correct In the next decade, there are likely to be several important discoveries in most scientific fields A lot of/Lots of time is spent checking every component before all rockets are launched No technician looked at either of the two faulty computers 10 None of the students / No student did well in both mathematics papers, though some did excellently in one Vocabulary The right word a burst b stretched c leaked d cracked a calculated b numbered c measured d estimated a contained b consisted c connected d combined a dissolved b divided c included d involved a correct b accurate c exact d sharp a perform b operate c run d proceed a installed b purchased c established d traded a supplied b stored c stocked d served a requested b begged c appealed d prayed discover the cause of cancer invent a new product experiment with genetic codes research into the history of science examine a blood sample under a microscope select a particular area to study analyse the results of research check a letter for mistakes 150 14 LESSON Grammar Passive (revision) 10 11 12 13 14 are believed to have been is hoped is being cut have been destroyed by the planet be saved should be taken aren't/are not regularly recycled by will eventually be ruined by were being cooked and eaten was dug up by archaeologists were thrown out of had been built by will be learnt Reading Back from extinction E UNIT A 14 F LESSON B G r a m m a r The - i n g form or the infinitive When a dam in French Guyana made the river Sinnamary burst its banks, the water started flooding the rainforest Forest animals were forced to escape into the trees Conservationists helplessly watched the water level rising/rise When it threated to cover even the trees, the French government and the company responsible for building the dam agreed to provide money for a rescue A team of 40 French vets tried to save as many animals as possible They used speedboats to chase the animals and darts to make them temporarily unconscious In all, they managed to rescue , 0 creatures Animals that were unable to climb trees, such as rodents, were saved first They were so happy to get away from the water they didn't mind being handled by the vets Monkeys were more difficult to capture: although most monkeys can't stand getting wet these ones preferred drowning to travelling in a boat with a vet The vets couldn't prevent some monkeys from falling into the river and then they had to swim after them Sloths were equally uncooperative They wouldn't let the vets carry them down the trees without being anaesthetised first The animals were later released into the safety of French Guyana's first national park They seem to enjoy living in their new home But they remember running for their lives from the advancing water? And they regret being made to leave their old surroundings? Vocabulary Phrasal verbs (revision) an idea rain a bus trouble an opportunity a promise hunger lunch a journey Word formation Revision exercise skilful/skilled properly possessions professionally sale threatened confused unrecognisable 10 villagers 11 patiently A n s w e r s UNIT 14 LESSON Impersonal Grammar Vocabulary 'it' It is months since Akiko last felt homesick It is common for salesmen to change jobs regularly (to regularly change jobs) I find it sad when I lose contact with old friends It will be fun staying with my Australian penfriend It was midnight when they reached the frontier It is a pity that Andreas moved out of the city centre Did you find it easy to make friends in London? It took Paolo ages to get used to his new school 10 It is often said that the world is getting smaller The right word Vocabulary a pollution b litter c waste d dirt a barked b grunted c squeaked d hissed a interfering b mistreating c misleading d exploiting a obey b owe c omit d oblige a risked b dared c relied tl upheld a depend b guarantee c undertake d ensure pat, slap, smack, stroke cuddle, hug squeeze scrape friendly: cuddle, hug pat, stroke Listening An unusual story 13 13 UNIT C 15 Reading C 13 LESSON B time D E A B B E and A / B 10 C 11 A 12 D 13 E B 15 C A Grammar Revision of tenses You should have made the following corrections The remaining verbs are correct She's/She is still sleeping She's/She has been sleeping for a long time We're/We are waiting he had first met her come from Austria This is the first time I've/I have ever been 1*11/1 will have taken photos When I'm/I am back I'll/I will drive you've/you have had He's/He has just left I saw it I'm/I am thinking of nobody goes there it used to be very popular Reid's/Reid has been here He was following the lorry when it crashed there hasn't/has not been It's time we had 10 I'd rather he didn't/did not I won't invite him 11 he was looking The diary must have been written she'd/she had been given the diary 12 until we have received replies A n s w e r s b a b c a b c 2 2 2 UNIT c c c b c a a 15 Listening B 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 3 3 3 verbs (revision) a b a a b c b LESSON The arts C B A Conditional Grammar sentences (revision) her parents say whenever he's / he is provided (that) the manager gives I told you / informed you / said to you long as you're / you are careful was/were you, I'd / I would have if they hadn't / had not had wouldn't / would not cost so much / would cost less would he have painted unless she practises every/each if it didn't / did not look have/get the chance, taste wish Jane Austen had written only I knew wish you wouldn't / would not / wish you didn't / did not Writing Once upon a 1 1 1 Phrasal Making a complaint Your letter to the festival organisers could be something like this: Dear Sirs, I recently attended the International Drama Festival in Guildford I am afraid its bad organisation spoiled my enjoyment of an otherwise excellent festival Firstly, it was impossible to get information about the festival in advance No one answered your box office phone, and I could not buy a festival programme beforehand So I went to Guildford not knowing anything about the plays or whether I could get tickets As I had never been to Guildford before, it was difficult to find the different theatres Secondly, according to the festival advertisement, student reductions were available Unfortunately, even though I showed my student card from my university in Dublin, I was not given a reduced price ticket Finally, I was disappointed there was no Irish company at the festival Ireland has a great theatrical tradition and audiences would have enjoyed seeing an Irish play I hope the festival will be held again next year If it is, please make sure more information is available in advance and that reductions are offered to all genuine students Yours faithfully 151 UNIT 15 Vocabulary rough LESSON The right tough True word stiff hard drew sketched wrote represented expressed designed constructed shaped a size b shape c form d figure a praised b congratulated c boasted d applauded a attended b were present c appeared d assisted a luck b chance c opportunity d fortune a forgive b regret c pretend d deserve Grammar 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Revision exercise suggested (that) Harry went / Harry should go when Easter was was much bigger than was the most boring (one) 's/is time Kevin was married still haven't/have not been sent was being watched by wish ballet was/were performed are likely to be / to have wouldn't/would not have met 'd/had better not go case I feel like taking too intelligent to believe such cold weather (that) is used to swimming in spite of looking the guests except (for) Luke this theatre has been built / is built a few people realise how UNIT 15 LESSON False - Your marks are added together to form a final total This decides your grade False - You must write in pencil in Papers 1, and and in pen in Paper False - Some parts (e.g Paper Part 4) are meant to take less time than others In addition, there are some parts that will take you longer than others: this is an individual matter It's up to you to divide your time in the way that is best for you Don't spend so much time on one part that you don't have enough time for the other parts True - What is important is how you organise and express your ideas, not how original they are False - You should not write more than words for each part Examiners will not read your composition after the word-length has been reached True True False - You have to finish each part before you go on to the next There is no time at the end for checking the whole paper, and in any case you will have forgotten the content by then! 10 False - You not have to wear formal clothes but, out of respect for the examiners, you should try not to look scruffy Exam review Advice for Gi-Suk: You are not supposed to read every word in Part of Paper Part tests your ability to find information quickly without reading every word You either have to look for a specific piece of information or try to understand the general idea Always read the questions first and find the answers as quickly as you can Advice for Sallette: It's a very bad idea to answer two questions in Part of Paper 2! Firstly, because the examiner will only read the first one, and secondly because you only have time to one well-planned, well-written piece of writing in this part If you're not sure which topic you will best, write a brief paragraph plan for two of them This will show you which topic you are most at ease with and you can then develop that plan 152 A n s w e r s A cknowledgements The authors would like to thank Alison Silver Liz Sharman, Hilary Fletcher Alyson Maskell, Liz Driscoll, Ruth Carim Nick Newton and Randell Harris for their invaluable help in producing this book The authors and publishers would like to thank the following teachers and their students for piloting First Certificate Avenues Workbook: Julian Hall, F.urocentres Cambridge UK Susan Altard British Institute Monza, Italy Hanna Kijowska, Warsaw Poland Kiriakos Vasilomanolakis Institute of Foreign Languages, Hania, Crete, Greece Paul Sainsbury, Ruth Breeze and Stephen Markey, LTniversidad de Navarra, Spain Richard Baudains, The British School of Trieste Italy Their comments and suggestions were very helpful The authors would like to thank the following for their help with recordings: Sue Lake Bram Poldervaart, Debbie Chapman, Marie Marguerite Sinare and Peter Bareham Thanks also to the recording studio actors: Ishia Bennison Tyler Butterworth, Vicky Uorush, Alberl Ehrnrooth DeNica Fairman Rupert Farley Nigel Greaves, Stephen Grothgar Sharon Holm Federay Holmes Simon Mattacks Juliet Prague Jean-Luc Rebaldi Jacqui Reddin Gertrude Thoma Joanna Wyalt James Richardson produced Ihe recordings at Studio AVP The authors and publishers are grateful to the following for permission to reproduce copyright material Focus magazine for the extracts on pp - 1 from Paying lip service: the irresistible kiss by Christopher Middleton Focus, February 9 and on pp - from Ice cream: What's in a lick by Susan Aldridge Focus, July 9 : Reuters for the extract on p 22 from A question of honour by Philip Shehadi: The Observer for the extracts on pp - from Shattered: The myth of the rural idyll by Michael Durham and on pp 1 - 1 from Ghost wolves return to their lair by Ed Vulliamy: Reed Books for the extract on p 42 from My Left Foot by Christy Brown Seeker & Warburg 19 : Evening Standard/Solo for the extract on p 50 from Fishing for good fortune by Christopher Hudson; Times Newspapers Ltd for the extracts on p 55 from For those in terror of the air © Lee Rodwell/The Times 16th June and on p 74 from Prince's venture changes a rogue into a model citizen by Chris Lightbown, © Times Newspapers Ltd 8 ; The Independent for information used in passages on pp , 1 1 , for the extract on p 81 from I tried to kill my pretty sister by Hester Lacey and for the extract on p 1 from A computer the size of a blood cell by Annabel Maclver; A.M Heath & Co for the extract on pp - from Ring of Fire Copyright © Lawrence and L o m e Blair Bantam Press 8 ; Reed Books for extract A on p 78 from A Circle Round the Sun by Peregrine Hodson published by William Heinemann Ltd 9 ; Serafina Clarke for extract D on p 79 from Women Who Love Too Much by Robin Norwood Arrow Books Ltd ; HarperCollinsPuMis/iprs Limited and Simon & Schuster for extract E on p 79 from Wild Swans by Jung Chang; Telegraph Group Ltd for the article on p 88 Dominic tricks his way into Circle © Steve Jackson 9 : Eric Ambler c/o Campbell Thomson & McLaughlin Ltd for the extract on pp - from Tlie Light of Day © Eric Ambler, Heinemann : extract B on p 1 is from The Classic Fairy Tales by Iona and Peter Opie, , and is reproduced by permission of Oxford University Press; extract C on p 1 is taken from Genesis by Eduardo Galeano, published by Quartet Books Ltd in and is used with the permission of Quartet and Pantheon Books/Random House Inc.; extract D on p 1 is approximately words from the back cover of The Death of King Arthur translated'by James Cable (Penguin Classsics ) copyright © Penguin Books Ltd Reprinted by permission of Penguin Books: the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, for extract E on p 1 from Arnold L Haskell's programme notes for The Firebird It has not been possible to trace the copyright holders of all the material used and in such cases the publishers would welcome information from them We are grateful to the following for their permission to reproduce copyright material and photographs: Corbis-Bettmann for p 10 1; Robert Harding Picture Library/Wally Herbert for p 10 br, Cambridge University Press/Hilary Fletcher for p 10 tr, Image Bank/Joseph van Os for p 1 : Mary Evans Picture Library for p ; The Anthony Blake Photo Library/Tim Imrie for p / ; Zefa Pictures/J.Bitsch for p 2 : Tony Stone Images/David Sutherland for p 32; The Independent/Keith Dobney for p 39 t; Cambridge University Press/Trevor Clifford for p 39 b: Impact/Erol Houssein for p ; Pictor International for p 45 hi tl m: Robert Harding Picture Library for p 45 br tr: Hulton Getty Collection for p ; Camera Press for p : Planet Earth Pictures/Andrew Mounter for p ; Tony Stone Images/Ken Fisher for p 71 t; Robert Harding Picture Library for p 71 b; Impact/Michael Mlrecki for p : Robert Harding Picture Library for p ; Pictor International for p 85 ml, b: Robert Harding Picture Library for p 85 mr, Tony Stone Images/David Young Wolff for p tl: Cambridge University Press/Hilary Fletcher for p 85 tr; Tony Slone Images/Art Wolfe for p 1 ; David Poll for p 1 : Image Bank/Barros & Barros for p r; Pictor International for p /: Telegraph Colour Library/F.P.G/© A.Tilley for p hi; Pictor International for p br; Comstock for p tr; Cambridge University Press/Hilary Fletcher for p tl Cartoons on pp by kind permission of Private Eye: pp 55 by kind permission of Punch Special thanks to The London Dungeon for permission to use their copyright logo on p We have been unable to trace the copyright holders of the items on pages 61 and 88 and would be grateful for any information to enable us to so We are grateful to the following illustrators: Juiie Anderson for pp 79 r; James Bartholomew for pp 18 b, 27 r, 97 t, 1; Kathy Baxendale for pp 47 ( 48 b , 80 b, 90 /, 9 1 1; Phil Healey for pp 27 /, 39 /, 48 t, , , 1 ; Sue Hillwood-Harris for pp 28 r, 79 80 t, 1 : Amanda MacPhail for pp 28 /, , , 97 b, ; Bill Piggins for pp 8, , 47 h, , , , 1 ; Sam Thompson for pp 18 t, , 3 , 39 r, , 90 r r 1 r; Rosemarv Woods for D Picture research by Hilary Fletcher Design by Newton H f r i s ... listening and speaking skills in the First Certificate Avenues Coursebook There are Workbook exercises for Lessons 1, and of every Coursebook unit You should the Workbook exercises after you have... tasks with a classmate Then you can help each other, enjoy the task more, and get useful exam practice Remember, in the First Certificate exam you will Paper with another candidate Doing the Workbook. .. i d e b a c k cover C o n t e n t s Introduction to the teacher This Workbook is designed to complement First Certificate Avenues Revised Edition Coursebook It gives students further practice