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Theories and models of human behavior and health are helpful in: aa. A nurse assisting a client to appraise perceived benefits of and barriers to taking a particular action for better he

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Chapter 3 Theoretical Foundations and Planning of Health Promotion

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1 Which of the following terms refers to a dynamic state of health that encompasses the capability and potential of the individual in functioning at the individual, environmental, cultural, and social levels?

a Disease prevention

b Health promotion

c Health protection

d High level wellness

2 Which of the following terms represents a disease-related focus?

a Health promotion

b Health protection

c High level wellness

d Holistic health perspective

3 Risk reduction would be an important activity of which of the following concepts?

a Health behavior

b Health promotion

c Health protection

d Self-efficacy

4 The major themes of empowerment, lifestyle change, health enhancement, and well-being are central

in defining:

a health promotion

b health protection

c disease prevention

d wellness

5 Theories and models of human behavior and health are helpful in:

a explaining factors and interactions among issues that influence the health of individuals or

groups

b promoting a better understanding of the relationship between environment and disease and individual characteristics

c proving that health-care providers perform services vital to the promotion of health of

individuals and groups

d showing a connection between psychology, sociology, and physical well-being in

individuals and groups

6 Any activity that helps people to change or to maintain lifestyles that support a stake of optimal health would be placed in which one of the following categories?

a Common information

b Disease prevention

c Health promotion

d Human behavior

7 Statistics from the National Center for Health Statistics show that the leading cause of death in the United States is a result of which one of the following?

a Accidents

b Cancer

c Diabetes

d Heart disease

8 A patient expresses a sense of lack of control over achieving a sustained program of exercise This behavior could best be explained through which of the following?

a Health Promotion Model

b PRECEDE-PROCEED Model

c Theory of Planned Behavior

d Theory of Social Behavior

9 A nurse assisting a client to appraise perceived benefits of and barriers to taking a particular action for better health is applying principles of which one of the following theories or model?

a Health Belief Model

b Protection Motivation Theory

c Theory of Planned Behavior

d Theory of Social Behavior

10 Which of the following is fear-driven based on the appraisal of threats to health and individual coping mechanisms that move an individual toward adopting a health behavior?

a Consumer Information Processing Model

b Protection Motivation Theory

c Theory of Planned Behavior

d Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change

11 The first stage in the Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change is:

a action

b contemplation

c precontemplation

d preparation

12 A client is thinking about making a change in behavior toward a healthier lifestyle This is

representative of what stage of the Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change?

a Contemplation

b Precontemplation

c Preparation

d Maintenance

13 The Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change is most helpful in understanding which of the following?

a Age-related psychosocial factors impacting decision-making for behavior change

b How various models work together to motivate individuals to change behavior

c The effect of developmental stages on making behavior change decisions

d Why individuals do or do not become involved in making healthy behavior changes

14 Which of the following outcomes reflects concepts in the Consumer Information Processing Model?

a Child safety seat law

b Easy-to-read food labels

c Quarantine of fruits, vegetables, and plants from foreign countries

d Tobacco sales to minors

15 The Diffusion of Innovations Model has been found to be most useful for which of the following activities?

a Designing comprehensive community initiatives

b Developing programs for immediate effects

c Evaluating individual achievement of health-promotion goals

d Planning for short-term changes in communities

TRUE/FALSE

1 Health promotion and disease prevention are two terms that can be used interchangeably.

2 The concepts of wellness, disease prevention, and health protection are subsumed in the definition of health promotion

3 It is reported that 75% of all premature deaths are the result of unhealthy lifestyle choices related to tobacco use, misuse of drugs and alcohol, sedentary lifestyles, and accidents

4 Theories of human behavior and health are expansions of health-promotion models

5 The Protection Motivation Theory has been most widely applied to areas related to disease prevention and lifestyle enhancement

6 The stages of the Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change involve thought and action over time

7 Health-promotion models for groups, organizations, and communities are re-designed individual health-promotion models

8 The major limitation of the PRECEDE-PROCEED Model is that it does not go beyond developing educational interventions

9 Pender’s Health Promotion Model shows how individual characteristics have both a direct and indirect effect on health-promotion behaviors

10 The O’Donnell Model of Health Promotion Behavior differs from Pender’s Health Promotion Model

in that it shows how intentions toward a behavior are influenced by beliefs and values

MATCHING

Match the category of focus with the theory or model below to which it is associated Note that

categories of focus may be used more than once

Categories of focus:

a Human behavior

b Human behavior and health

c Individual health promotion

d Organizations and community health protection

1 Pender’s Model of Health Promotion

2 Theory of Planned Behavior

3 Transtheoretical Model

4 PRECEDE-PROCEED Model

5 Health Belief Model

6 Consumer Information Processing Model