Link full download test bank for health promotion throughout the life span 7th edition by edelman

Test Bank for Health Promotion Throughout the Life Span 7th edition by Edelman Chapter 06: Health Promotion and the Individual Test Bank MULTIPLE CHOICE A primary prevention method for colon cancer is: a Hemoccult testing b High fiber diet c Colonoscopy d Laparoscopy ANS: B Primary prevention includes generalized health promotion and specific protection from disease Hemoccult and colonoscopy are forms of screening, not prevention Eating a healthy diet high in fiber is a preventive measure DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 148 Over the last week, a client has had finger stick glucose levels of 127, 132, 140, 138, 143, 145, and 140 This information allows the nurse to characterize the client's function pattern by utilizing which area of focus? a Age-developmental b Functional c Individual-environmental d Pattern ANS: D Pattern focus implies that the nurse explores patterns or sequences of behavior over time Pattern recognition occurs during information collection Functional health patterns then provide structure to analyze factors DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 150-151 A nurse using a functional focus to assess a client would evaluate which of the following? a Visual acuity b Pupil reactivity c Ability to drive Test Bank 6-2 d For the red reflex ANS: C Functional focus refers to the individual's performance level Nurses assess how particular visual patterns affect lifestyle The ability to drive would affect a person's lifestyle and might require a change in how the client functions DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 151 A nurse is meeting a mother, father, grandmother, and 4-year-old child The family is Hispanic In explaining the plan for the child's asthma management, the nurse should direct her education to: a The mother b The father c The grandmother d The parents and the grandmother ANS: D Culturally competent care is delivered with knowledge of and sensitivity to cultural factors influencing health behaviors Nurses provide culturally competent care when they identify and use cultural norms and values In the Hispanic population, the male figure is usually the decision maker, and the family elders are highly respected However, assumptions about cultural norms should not be made As a result, the nurse should direct education to all three adults, as they may all have an impact on the child's health care needs DIF: Cognitive Level: Synthesis REF: 151 A 27-year-old has not received a Pap test in 1/2 years This assessment identifies an alteration in which functional pattern? a Health-perception–health-management pattern b Elimination pattern c Activity-rest pattern d Self-perception–self-concept pattern ANS: A Assessment objectives for health-perception–health-management consist of obtaining data about perceptions, management, and preventive health practices Exploring these values identifies potential health hazards A 27-year-old should receive yearly Pap tests Failing to so could place her at risk for health problems, thus this finding identifies an alteration in the health-perception–health management pattern DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 152 Test Bank 6-3 A client with an alteration in the health-perception–health-management pattern and an alteration in the values-beliefs pattern will likely: a Never see a physician b Only see a physician if not feeling well c See a physician for screenings only d See a physician for follow-up care of a chronic disease ANS: B Health beliefs and perceptions directly impact participation in care Dimensions of assessment in the values-beliefs pattern include the individual's values, beliefs, or goals that guide choices or decisions that are related to health People who not believe in health promotion activities will likely only see a physician when sick Thus, someone with an alteration in the health-perception–health-management and valuesbeliefs patterns will likely only see a physician if not feeling well DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 152 | 164 In assessing a client's nutritional-metabolic pattern, which objective finding would have implications for nursing practices? a The client's 24-hour diet diary b The client's dentition c The client's food preferences d The client's financial status ANS: B Although all of the assessment parameters listed have implications for nursing diagnosis and planning for this client, the only objective measure is the client's dentition It is the only one that can be validated with a physical exam DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 154 In assessing a client's activity-exercise pattern, which subjective finding has implication for nursing practice? a A client's decreased muscle tone b A client's amount of leisure time c A client's decreased range of motion d A client's use of a cane ANS: B Although all findings are important in assessing the activity-exercise pattern, the only subjective finding is the amount of leisure time that the client reports having All others are objective findings and can be validated with a physical exam Test Bank DIF: Cognitive Level: Application 6-4 REF: 156 During a health history, a client reports getting hours of sleep a night This information indicates to the nurse that: a The client is not receiving enough sleep b The client is receiving adequate sleep c The client is receiving too much sleep d She needs to ask additional questions ANS: D The single most important factor assessed in the sleep-rest pattern is probably the perception of adequacy of sleep and relaxation The objective when assessing the sleep-rest pattern is to describe the effectiveness of the pattern from the client's perspective Wide variation in sleep time doesn't necessarily affect functional performance Different individuals require different amounts of sleep Thus, without further subjective data, the nurse is not able to make a diagnosis in this functional pattern DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 156-157 10 A nurse assesses the cognitive-perceptual pattern of a Type diabetic individual Which finding has implications for the individual's nursing plan of care? a Decreased sense of hearing b Decreased sense of smell c Altered sense of taste d Decreased visual acuity ANS: D Assessment parameters in the cognitive-perceptual pattern include hearing, vision, smell, and taste A person with Type Diabetes Mellitus requires insulin injections A decrease in visual acuity will make it difficult for the individual to draw up his or her medication, and therefore will influence the nurse's plan of care DIF: Cognitive Level: Synthesis REF: 157-159 11 Which scenario indicates a potentially dysfunctional pattern? a An adult with frequent urination b A woman who lost her job c An elderly person with blurred vision d An overweight adult with a sweet tooth ANS: B A pattern is potentially dysfunctional when sufficient evidence exists or enough risk factors are present to indicate that a pattern dysfunction will likely occur if Test Bank 6-5 interventions are not instituted A dysfunctional pattern is a problem when it represents a deviation from established norms or from the individual's previous condition or goal The woman who lost her job indicates a potential dysfunction pattern because the stress of losing her job places her at risk for ineffective coping The other scenarios are not potentially dysfunctional; by definition, they are dysfunctional DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 165 12 Which scenario represents a dysfunctional pattern? a A sexually active teenager who does not use condoms b A salesman who sleeps only hours a night c A single mother of three children d A woman with a small extended family ANS: A A pattern is potentially dysfunctional when sufficient evidence exists or enough risk factors are present to indicate that a pattern dysfunction will likely occur if interventions are not instituted A dysfunctional pattern is a problem when it represents a deviation from established norms or from the individual's previous condition or goal Dysfunctional patterns may be present in the absence of disease, and nursing care may be necessary for health promotion and maintenance The teenager, although free of disease, is in need of health promotion and disease prevention strategies because her sexual behavior indicates a dysfunction in her sexualityreproductive pattern that places her at risk for a sexually transmitted disease and pregnancy DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 165 13 An appropriate action plan for someone with a dysfunctional sleep pattern might include: a Reading in bed until he falls asleep b Avoiding fluids after PM c Exercising immediately before bedtime d Watching TV while in bed until he falls asleep ANS: B Etiological factors of most dysfunctional patterns often lie within another pattern or patterns Outcomes and plans are based on probable cause Exercising before bed, watching TV in bed, and reading in bed are not considered appropriate sleep hygiene Frequent urination may be the cause of his dysfunctional sleep pattern and if so, avoiding fluids before bed would be an appropriate plan DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 165-166 Test Bank 6-6 14 An appropriate intervention for a person with a potential dysfunction in the healthperception–health-management pattern might be: a Arranging for home delivery of medication from the pharmacy b Providing education regarding the dangers of smoking c Instituting visiting nurse services for blood pressure checks d Providing direct observed therapy for tuberculosis medications ANS: B Potential problems are risk states Nursing interventions are directed toward risk reduction through education Health promotion requires the individual to participate in his own care, and he cannot this if he does not recognize his susceptibility to an impending health problem Providing education addresses the risk and provides the client with information needed to change beliefs The other options make the client a passive participant rather than an active one DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 165-166 15 Once the nurse determines the client has a dysfunction in the nutritional-metabolic pattern she must: a Weigh the client b Set a goal weight with the client c Ask the client what her favorite foods are d Develop a plan for weight loss ANS: B The individual's goals and the determined diagnosis provide the basis for planning Prior to developing a plan, a goal must be set Clarity of the goals and diagnosis is critical to the development of an effective plan In this case, the diagnosis has already been established and thus assessment of this pattern has occurred (weight, favorite foods) The next step before developing a plan is to set a goal weight with the client DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 166 16 Weighing a client who has been diagnosed with a dysfunction in the nutritionalmetabolic pattern is a function of which aspect of the nursing process? a Assessment b Implementation c Planning d Evaluation ANS: D Test Bank 6-7 The nursing process consists of assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation A client who has been diagnosed with a dysfunction has already been assessed The process of analyzing changes experienced by a client after a plan has been implemented occurs in the evaluation phase In this question, a weight will determine whether or not the client is moving toward her goals of weight loss DIF: Cognitive Level: Synthesis REF: 148 | 166-167 17 A nurse administers the T-ACE test to her pregnant female client The client's responses result in a score of This score indicates that: a The client requires interventions for problem drinking b The client lacks evidence of problem drinking c The client requires interventions for sexually transmitted disease risks d The client lacks evidence of sexually transmitted disease risks ANS: A The T-ACE provides a sensitive measure of alcohol-intake pattern in pregnant women A score of or more indicates evidence of problem drinking This client had a score of 3, which would require an intervention for problem drinking DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 148 (Think About It box) 18 A Hispanic mother tells the nurse that she has been using home remedies for her child's asthma Which home remedy might this mother be using? a Acupuncture b Cupping c Hot tea d Massage ANS: C In the Hispanic population, asthma is viewed as a cold disease (hot-cold imbalance) and thus is treated with warm therapies Diet is often used to maintain equilibrium Thus, warm tea added to the child's diet might be used to restore equilibrium between hot and cold in this child who has asthma DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 153 (Multicultural Awareness box) 19 Which nursing diagnosis classification system is the best researched and most widely implemented classification internationally? a The International Classification of Nursing Practice b The International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health c The International Nursing Diagnoses Classification Test Bank 6-8 d The Nursing Diagnostic System of The Center For Nursing Development and Research ANS: C There is evidence to support that The International Nursing Diagnoses Classification is the best researched and most widely implemented classification system internationally DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 165 (Research Highlights box) 20 Whose framework provides the foundation for nursing assessment and diagnosis using the 11 functional health patterns? a Erikson b Gordon c Newman d Nightingale ANS: B Gordon's framework provides the foundation for most NANDA nursing diagnoses using the functional health pattern Nurses use the framework to combine assessment skills with subjective and objective data to construct patterns DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 149-150 21 Healthy People 2010 objectives provide a framework for: a Assessment b Diagnosis c Prevention d Treatment ANS: C The health promotion initiative named Healthy People 2010 provides a framework for prevention DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 148 22 Erikson's task of autonomy vs shame and doubt occurs during which stage of development? a Infancy b Early childhood c Late childhood d Early adolescence ANS: B Test Bank 6-9 Erikson's task of autonomy vs shame and doubt occurs during early childhood DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 159 (Table 6-3) 23 Erikson's task of intimacy vs isolation occurs during which stage of development? a Adolescence b Early adulthood c Middle adulthood d Maturity ANS: B Erikson's task of intimacy vs isolation occurs during early adulthood DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 160 (Table 6-3) 24 Which cultural group defines illness as a price that is being paid for the past or the future? a African b Native American c Arabian d Asian ANS: B American Indians define illness as a price that is being paid for the past or the future DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 152 (Multicultural Awareness box) 25 Which cultural group defines health as a gift from God? a African b Alaska Native c Asian d Hispanic ANS: D Hispanics define health as a gift from God DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 153 (Multicultural Awareness box) 26 The leading cause of death in women is: a Accidents b Cancer c Heart disease d Stroke Test Bank 6-10 ANS: C The leading cause of death in women is heart disease DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 166 (Hot Topics box) MULTIPLE RESPONSE A client who fails to take his insulin on a regular basis may have a conflict in which of the following functional health patterns? Select all that apply a Health-perception–health-management b Cognitive-perceptual c Elimination d Values-beliefs ANS: A, B, D A problem in one area serves as a clue to dysfunction in other areas Cognitive patterns include the ability of the individual to understand and follow directions, retain information, make decisions, solve problems, and use language appropriately As a result, this client may not understand how to give himself the insulin properly The values-beliefs pattern describes values including the individual's spiritual values, beliefs, and goals This person may not believe in the use of medications unless he is symptomatic The health-perception–health-management pattern involves the individual's health status and health practices used to reach the current level of health or wellness, with a focus on perceived health status and meaning of health to the individual This person may not believe in health promotion and prevention Thus, a person who fails to take his insulin on a regular basis may have a conflict in the health-perception–health-management, cognitive-perceptual, and values-beliefs patterns DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 152 | 154 | 157 | 164 Which individual is at risk for a dysfunction in elimination pattern? Select all that apply a A 46-year-old mother of two b A 32-year-old African American male c A 15-year-old female d A 72-year-old white female ANS: A, B, C, D When evaluating elimination patterns, nurses must consider age, developmental level, and cultural considerations A 46-year-old mother of two is at risk for urinary stress incontinence because of the two vaginal births; an older adult is at risk for urinary control problems; African Americans often have a diet low in fiber, which can lead to Test Bank 6-11 constipation; and teenagers, especially girls, may have problems with body image, leading to abuse of laxatives Thus, all persons listed are at risk for a dysfunction in elimination patterns DIF: Cognitive Level: Synthesis REF: 155