Test bank for chemistry the central science 13th edition by brown

E both effective nuclear charge increases down a group and the principal quantum number of the valence orbitals increases 7 Atomic radius generally increases as we move ________.. 27 The

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download:https://getbooksolutions.com/download/test-bank-for-chemistry-the-central-science-13th-edition-by-brown Test Bank for Chemistry The Central Science 13th Edition by Brown Chapter 7 Periodic Properties of the Elements

4) Screening of the nuclear charge by core electrons in atoms is

1 A) less efficient than that by valence electrons

2 B) more efficient than that by valence electrons

3 C) essentially identical to that by valence electrons

4 D) responsible for a general decrease in atomic radius going down a group

5 E) both essentially identical to that by valence electrons and responsible for a general decrease in atomic radius going down a group

Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec 7.2

1 A) effective nuclear charge increases down a group

2 B) effective nuclear charge decreases down a group

3 C) effective nuclear charge zigzags down a group

4 D) the principal quantum number of the valence orbitals increases

5 E) both effective nuclear charge increases down a group and the principal quantum number of the valence orbitals increases

7) Atomic radius generally increases as we move

1 A) down a group and from right to left across a period

2 B) up a group and from left to right across a period

3 C) down a group and from left to right across a period

4 D) up a group and from right to left across a period

5 E) down a group; the period position has no effect

8) Atomic radius generally decreases as we move

1 A) down a group and from right to left across a period

2 B) up a group and from left to right across a period

3 C) down a group and from left to right across a period

4 D) up a group and from right to left across a period

5 E) down a group; the period position has no effect

12) Which of the following is an isoelectronic series?

1 A) B5-, Si4-, As3-, Te2-

13) Which isoelectronic series is correctly arranged in order of increasing radius?

Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec 7.4

27) The electron configuration of the atom with the most negative electron affinity

32) Sodium is much more apt to exist as a cation than is chlorine This is because

1 A) chlorine is a gas and sodium is a solid

2 B) chlorine has a greater electron affinity than sodium does

3 C) chlorine is bigger than sodium

4 D) chlorine has a greater ionization energy than sodium does

5 E) chlorine is more metallic than sodium

GO: G2

47) Nonmetals can be at room temperature

1 A) solid, liquid, or gas

1 A) a gas at room temperature

2 B) a solid at room temperature

50) Alkaline earth metals

1 A) have the smallest atomic radius in a given period

2 B) form monoanions

3 C) form basic oxides

4 D) exist as triatomic molecules

5 E) form halides with the formula MX

Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec 7.6

positive electron affinities

(iii) Elements with this electron configuration are nonmetals

(iv) Elements with this electron configuration form acidic oxides

Which statements are true?

1 A) (i) and (ii)

2 B) (i), (ii), and (iii)

3 C) (ii) and (iii)

4 D) (i), (iii,) and (iv)

5 E) All statements are true

54) Which of the following traits characterizes the alkali metals?

1 A) very high melting point

2 B) existence as diatomic molecules

3 C) formation of dianions

4 D) the lowest first ionization energies in a period

5 E) the smallest atomic radius in a period

LO: 7.7

GO: G2

56) Which one of the following is not true about the alkali metals?

1 A) They are low density solids at room temperature

2 B) They all readily form ions with a +1 charge

3 C) They all have 2 electrons in their valence shells

4 D) They are very reactive elements

5 E) They have the lowest first ionization energies of the elements Answer: C

Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec 7.7

(i) It is solid at room temperature

(ii) It easily forms an oxide when exposed to air

(iii) When it reacts with water, hydrogen gas evolves

(iv) It must be stored submerged in oil

58) Which of the following generalizations cannot be made with regard to reactions

of alkali metals? (The symbol M represents any one of the alkali metals.)

4 D) all of the above

5 E) none of the above

Answer: D

Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec 7.7

LO: 7.7, 7.8

GO: G2

60) Alkali metals tend to be more reactive than alkaline earth metals because

1 A) alkali metals have lower densities

2 B) alkali metals have lower melting points

3 C) alkali metals have greater electron affinities

4 D) alkali metals have lower ionization energies

5 E) Alkali metals are not more reactive than alkaline earth metals Answer: D

Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec 7.7

67) Which of the following statements is not true for oxygen?

2 A) The most stable allotrope of oxygen is O2

3 B) The chemical formula of ozone is O3

4 C) Dry air is about 79% oxygen

5 D) Oxygen forms peroxide and superoxide anions

6 E) Oxygen is a colorless gas at room temperature

69) In nature, sulfur is most commonly found in

1 A) pure elemental sulfur

70) All of the halogens

1 A) exist under ambient conditions as diatomic gases

2 B) tend to form positive ions of several different charges

3 C) tend to form negative ions of several different charges

4 D) exhibit metallic character

5 E) form salts with alkali metals with the formula MX

1 A) the availability of xenon atoms

2 B) xenon’s noble gas electron configuration

3 C) the stability of xenon atoms

4 D) xenon’s relatively low ionization energy

5 E) xenon’s relatively low electron affinity

1 A) xenon and argon

2 B) xenon only

3 C) xenon, krypton, and argon

4 D) xenon and krypton

5 E) None of the above can form compounds

73) In nature, the noble gases exist as

1 A) monatomic gaseous atoms

2 B) the gaseous fluorides

3 C) solids in rocks and in minerals

4 D) alkali metal salts

74) Hydrogen is unique among the elements because

1 It is not really a member of any particular group

2 Its electron is not at all shielded from its nucleus

3 It is the lightest element

4 It is the only element to exist at room temperature as a diatomic gas

5 It exhibits some chemical properties similar to those of groups 1A and 7A

6 A) 1, 2, 3, 5

7 B) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

75) Hydrogen is unique among the elements because

1 It has only one valence electron

2 It is the only element that can emit an atomic spectrum

3 Its electron is not at all shielded from its nucleus

4 It is the lightest element

5 It is the only element to exist at room temperature as a diatomic gas

2 B) another noble gas

3 C) something with a tremendous ability to donate electrons to other substances

(2) the electron affinity becomes negative; and

(3) the first ionization energy

1 A) decreases, decreasingly, increases

2 B) increases, increasingly, decreases

3 C) increases, increasingly, increases

4 D) decreases, increasingly, increases

5 E) decreases, increasingly, decreases

7) The have the most negative electron affinities

1 A) alkaline earth metals

8) Element M reacts with chlorine to form a compound with the formula MCl2 Element M is more reactive than magnesium and has a smaller radius than barium This element is

28) Which group 6A element is a metal?

1 A) tellurium and polonium

32) Which periodic table group contains only metals?

GO: G2

37) Of the halogens, which are gases at room temperature and atmospheric pressure?

1 A) fluorine, bromine, and iodine

2 B) fluorine, chlorine, and bromine

3 C) fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine

4 D) fluorine, chlorine, and iodine

5 E) fluorine and chlorine

1 A) 2HF (aq) + 2HFO (aq)

2 B) 2F-(aq) + 2H+ (aq) + H2O2 (aq)

3 C) 4HF (aq) + O2 (g)

4 D) 2HF2(aq) + 2OH- (aq)

5 E) 4HF (aq) + 2O2- (aq)

5) is isoelectronic with helium

4 D) Cu+(g) + e-→ Cu(g)

1 A) Bromine has a greater electron affinity than potassium does

2 B) Bromine is bigger than potassium

3 C) Bromine has a greater ionization energy than potassium does

4 D) Bromine is a liquid and potassium is a solid

5 E) Bromine is more metallic than potassium

Answer: A

Diff: 1 Var: 3 Page Ref: Sec 7.7

LO: 7.7

30) Element M reacts with oxygen to form an oxide with the formula MO When MO

is dissolved in water, the resulting solution is basic Element M could be

1 A) strontium

Diff: 1 Var: 50+ Page Ref: Sec 7.7

Answer: signs, magnitude

Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec 7.2

4) When electrons are removed from a lithium atom, they are removed first from which orbital?

6) Write the balanced reaction between zinc oxide and sulfuric acid

Answer: ZnO + H2SO4 → ZnSO4 + H2O

Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec 7.6

14) Write the balanced equation for the reaction of potassium with water

Answer: 2K (s) + 2H2O(l) → 2KOH (aq) + H2 (g)

Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec 7.7

GO: G2

16) Write the balanced equation for the reaction of elemental fluorine with liquid water

Answer: 2H2O (l) + 2F2 (g) → 4HF (aq) + O2 (g)

Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec 7.8

Answer: Cl2 (g) + H2O (l) → HCl (aq) + HOCl (aq)

Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec 7.8

3) The atomic radius of iodine is one-half the distance separating the iodine nuclei Answer: TRUE

Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec 7.3

7) Xenon can form compounds with fluorine Answer: TRUE

Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec 7.8

LO: 7.8

GO: G2