on tap theo chu de_ Mao tu a, an, the

Mạo từ ( Articles) cách sử dụng + Bai tap 1 Định nghĩa: Mạo từ là từ dùng trước danh từ và cho biết danh từ ấy đề cập đến một đối tượng xác định hay không xác định. Mạo từ xác định (Denfinite article): the Maọ từ bất định (Indefinite article): a, an 2. Mạo từ bất định (Indefinite articles) - a, an - Dùng trước danh từ đếm được (số ít) - khi danh từ đó chưa được xác định (bất định). "an" dung cho danh từ bắt đầu bằng nguyên âm (nhưng phụ thuộc vào cách phát âm). Ví dụ: a book, a table an apple, an orange - Đặc biệt một số từ "h" được đọc như nguyên âm. Ví dụ: an hour, an honest man 3. Mạo từ xác định (Definite article) 3.1 Cách đọc : "the" được đọc là [di] khi đứng trước danh từ bắt đầu bằng nguyên âm (a, e, i, o, u) và đọc là (dơ) khi đứng trước danh từ bắt đầu bằng phụ âm (trừ các nguyên âm): The egg the chair The umbrellae the book The được đọc là [dơ] khi đứng trước danh từ có cách viết bắt đầu bằng nguyên âm nhưng có cách đọc bằng một phụ âm + nguyên âm: /ju:/ và /w^n/ như: The United Stated /The Europeans /The one-eyed man is the King of the blind. /The university The được đọc là [di] khi đứng trước danh từ có h không đọc: The [di] hour (giờ) The [di] honestman 3.2 Một số nguyên tắc chung: a/ The được dùng trước danh từ chỉ người , vật đã được xác định : Mạo từ xác định "the" được dùng trước danh từ để diễn tả một ( hoặc nhiều) người , vật, sự vật nào đó đã được xác định rồi, nghĩa là cả người nói và người nghe đều biết đối tượng được đề cập tới. Khi nói ' Mother is in the garden' (Mẹ đang ở trong vườn), cả người nói lẫn người nghe đều biết khu vườn đang được đề cập tới là vườn nào, ở đâu. Chúng ta xem những ví dụ khác: The Vietnamese often drink tea. ( Người Việt Nam thường uống trà nói chung) 3.3 Những trường hợp đặc biệt: a/ Các từ ngữ thông dụng sau đây không dùng the : Go to church: đi lễ ở Nhà thờ / go to the church: đến nhà thờ (ví dụ: để gặp Linh mục) Go to market: đi chợ / go to the market: đi đến chợ (ví dụ: để khảo sát giá cả thị trường) Go to school : đi học/ go to the school : đến trường (ví dụ: để gặp Ngài hiệu trưởng) Go to bed : đi ngủ //go the bed : bước đến giường (ví dụ: để lấy quyển sách) Go to prison : ở tù // go to the prison : đến nhà tù (ví dụ: để thăm tội phạm) Trong khi, các từ dưới đây luôn đi với "the" : cathedral (Nhà thờ lớn) /office (văn phòng)/ cinema (rạp chiếu bóng) / theatre ( rạp hát) Chú ý: Tên của lục địa, quốc gia, tiểu bang, tỉnh , thành phố, đường phố, mũi đất, hòn đảo, bán đảo , quần đảo , vịnh , hồ, ngọn núi không dùng mạo từ "the": b/ Các trường hợp dùgn mạo từ the 1 / use of the definite article: The + noun( noun is defined) / Ví dụ : I want a boy and a cook the boy must be able to speak A dog and a cat were traveling together, the cat looked black while the dog 2/ A unique thing exists (Một người, vật duy nhất tồn tại)/Ví dụ: The earth goes around the sun.; The sun rises in the East. 3/ Khi một vật dùng tượng trưng cho cả loài / Ví dụ: The horse is a noble animal/ The dog is a faithful animal 4/ So sánh cực cấp:/Ví dụ: She is the most beautiful girl in this class // Paris is the biggest city in France 5/ Trước 1 tính từ được dung làm danh từ để chỉ 1 lớp người và thường có nghĩa số nhiều /Ví dụ: The one-eyed man is the King of the blind.// The poor depend upon the rich. 6/ Dùng trong thành ngữ: BY THE (theo từng) :Ví dụ: Beer is sold by the bottle.// Eggs are sold by the dozen. 7/ Trước danh từ riêng (proper noun) số nhiều để chỉ vợ chồng hay cả họ ( cả gia đình)/Ví dụ: The Smiths always go fishing in the country on Sundays. / Do you know the Browns? 8/ Trước tên: rặng nú, song, quần đảo, vịnh, biển, đại dương , tên sách và báo chí, và tên các chiếc tàu./Ví dụ: The Thai Binh river; the Philippines, the Times . 9/ Trước danh từ về dân tộc tôn phái để chỉ toàn thể /Ví dụ: The Chinese, the Americans and the French were at war with the Germans/ The Catholics and the protestants believe in Christ/ The Swiss; Dutch; the Abrabs 10/ Both, all, both, half, double + The + Noun Notes: All men must die (everyone)// All the men in this town are very lazy 11/ Use "the" for Musical Instruments The guitar (I could play the guitar when I was 6.),// The piano, The violin 12/ Khi sau danh từ đó có of The history of England is interesting. //trong khi các môn học không có "the"// I learn English; He learns history at school. Bµi tËp m¹o tõ Fill in the blank with the appropriate article, a, an, or the, or Ø if no article is needed. 1. I want apple from that basket. apple a day keeps the doctor away. 2. church on the corner is progressive. 3. Miss Linh speaks Chinese. She likes to play volleyball. 4. I borrowed pencil from your pile of pencils and pens. 5. One of ………………. students said, " professor is late today." 6. I bought umbrella to go out in the rain. 7. My daughter is learning to play violin at her school. 8. Please give me cake that is on ………. counter. 9. I lived on Main Street when I first came to town. 10. Albany is the capital of New York State. 11. My husband's family speaks Polish. 12. . boy in the corner is my friend. 13. Our neighbors have cat and dog. 14. What nice armchair! 15. Where is nearest police station? 16. What is cost of goods you buy? 17. There is bakery next to post office. 18. Can you tell me way to hotel please? 19. Is he new student here? Yes, he is best student in my class. 20. What is name of the station? 21. I like kilo of meat. 22. Mexico is large country. 23. My friends have my car today. 24. I will go to party to night. May I have your phone number? 25. Milk is good for you. Money can’t buy happiness. 26. Lions and tigers are endangered animals. 27. This is easy question. I don’t need English dictionary. 28. Tom takes umbrellas with him. 29. I will learn at Hong Bang College or at University of Medicines in HCM. 30. He plays guitar very well, but he plays volley ball badly. 31. I have dinner after going to church. 32. Tan often looks at stars in sky at nights. 33. first World War started in 1914. 34. Kangaroos live in Australia. 35. My friend lives in United States, But I live in France. 36. three first Vietnamese have reached Mount Everest this year. 37. Do you know where is rocky mountains? 38. Athletes must follow well- balanced diet. 39. After having breakfast, he went to work, had accident and then was sent to hospital. 40. One of the large bodies of water Atlantic Ocean. 41. My favorite subject is Math. 42. Every summer the children go to skiing, So my wife and I go to Paris on holiday. We stay in . hotel near River Seine. We have breakfast in . hotel, but we have lunch in restaurant. French food is delicious! We talk . lot, but sometimes we go by taxi. After four days, we don’t want to go home and go back to work. 3. Articles: a/an, the Insert a, an or the if necessary. 1. There was . . . knock on . . . door. I opened it and found . . . small dark man in . . . blue overcoat and . . . woollen cap. 2. He said he was . . . employee of . . . gas company and had come to read . . . meter. 3. But I had . . . suspicion that he wasn't speaking . . . truth because . . . meter readers usually wear . . . peaked caps. 4 .However, I took him to . . . meter, which is in . . . dark corner under . . . stairs (. . . meters are usually in . . . dark corners under . . . stairs). 5. I asked if he had . . . torch; he said he disliked torches and always read . . . meters by . . . light of . . . match. 6. I remarked that if there was . . . leak in . . . gaspipe there might be . . . explosion while he was reading . . . meter. 7. He said, 'As . . . matter of . . . fact, there was . . . explosion in . . . last house I visited;and Mr Smith, . . . owner of . . . house, was burnt in . . . face.' 8. 'Mr Smith was holding . . . lighted match at . . . time of . . . explosion.' 9. To prevent . . . possible repetition of this accident, I lent him . . . torch. 10. He switched on . . . torch, read . . . meter and wrote . . . reading down on . . . back of . envelope. 11. I said in . . . surprise that . . . meter readers usually put . . . readings down in . . . book. 12. He said that he had had . . . book but that it had been burnt in . . . fire in . . . Mr Smith's house. 13. By this time I had come to . . . conclusion that he wasn't . . . genuine meter reader; and. . . moment he left . . . house I rang . . . police. 14. Are John and Mary . . . cousins? ~No, they aren't . . . cousins; they are . . . brother and . . . sister. 15. . . . fog was so thick that we couldn't see . . . side of . . . road. We followed . . . car in front of us and hoped that we were going . . . right way. 16. I can't remember . . . exact date of . . . storm, but I know it was . . . Sunday because everybody was at . . . church. On . . . Monday . . . post didn't come because . . . roads were blocked by . . . fallen trees. 17. Peter thinks that this is quite . . . cheap restaurant. 18. There's been . . . murder here. ~Where's . . . body?~There isn't . . . body. ~Then how do you know there's been . . . murder? 19. Number . . . hundred and two, - . . house next door to us, is for sale. It's quite . - . nice house with . . . big rooms. . . . back windows look out on . . . park. 20. I don't know what . . . price . . . owners are asking. But Dry and Rot are . . . agents. You could give them . . . ring and make them . . . offer. 21 . . . postman's little boy says that he'd rather be . . . dentist than . . . doctor, because . . . dentists don't get called out at . . . night. 22. Just as . . . air hostess (there was only one on the plane) was handing me . . . cup of . . .coffee . . . plane gave . . . lurch and . . . coffee went all over . . . person on . . . other side of . . . gangway. 23. There was . . . collision between . . . car and . . . cyclist at . . . crossroads near . . . my house early in . . . morning. . . . cyclist was taken to . . . hospital with . . . concussion. . driver of . . . car was treated for . . . shock. . . . witnesses say that . . . car was going at . . . seventy miles . . . hour. 24. Professor Jones, . . . man who discovered . . . new drug that everyone is talking about, refused to give . . . press conference. 25. Peter Piper, . . . student in . . . professor's college, asked him why he refused to talk to . . . press. 26. We're going to . . . tea with . . . Smiths today, aren't we? Shall we take . . . car? ~We can go by . . . car if you wash . . . car first. We can't go to . . . Mrs Smith's in . . .car all covered with . . . mud. 27. He got . . . job in . . . south and spent . . . next two years doing . . . work he really enjoyed. 28. It is . . . pleasure to do . . . business with such . . . efficient organization. 29 . . . day after . . . day passed without . . . news, and we began to lose . hope. 30. Would you like to hear . . . story about . . . Englishman, . . . Irishman and . . .Scotsman? ~ No. I've heard . . . stories about . . . Englishmen, . . . Irishmen and . . . Scotsmen before and they are all . . . same. 31. But mine is not . . . typical story. In my story . . . Scotsman is generous, . . . Irishman is logical and . . . Englishman is romantic. ~Oh, if it's . . . fantastic story I'll listen with . . . pleasure. 32. My aunt lived on . . . ground floor of . . . old house on . . . River Thames. She was very much afraid of . . . burglars and always locked up . . . house very carefully before she went to . . . bed. She also took . . . precaution of looking under . . . bed to see if . . .burglar was hiding there. 33. '. . . modern burglars don't hide under . . . beds,' said her daughter.I'll go on looking just . . . same,' said my aunt. 34. One morning she rang her daughter in . . . triumph. 1 found . . . burglar under . . . bed . last night,' she said, 'and he was quite . . . young man.' 35 . . . apples are sold by . . . pound. These are forty pence . . . pound. 36. It was . . . windy morning but they hired . . . boat and went for . . . sail along . . .coast. In . . - afternoon . . . wind increased and they soon found themselves in . . .difficulties. . dụ: The one-eyed man is the King of the blind.// The poor depend upon the rich. 6/ Dùng trong thành ngữ: BY THE (theo từng) :Ví dụ: Beer is sold by the. nguyên âm: /ju:/ và /w^n/ như: The United Stated /The Europeans /The one-eyed man is the King of the blind. /The university The được đọc là [di] khi đứng