The naturalist''''s library V36

TIE LON DON CHATTO & WINDUS , PICCADILLY tA fnr the , % atwalisfs Lifawy THE NATURALIST'S LIBRARY EDITED BY SIR WILLIAM JARDINE, BART F.R.S.E., F.L.S., ETC VOL ETC XXXVI BRITISH FISHES, PART BY R HAMILTON, I ESQ., M.D., M.W.S., ETC CHATTO & WINDUS, PICCADILLY BIOLOGY LIBRARY G NOTE The number of the Genera of Fishes at present recorded in Fauna, amounting to 124, it naturally suggested itself, that by pourtraying two fishes on each of the 68 Plates the British of our two Volumes, one Specimen at least of every Genus might be presented for the examination of the Reader We mention these details as the shortest explanation of the discrepancy which will be found between the references to the Plates in the Letter-press of this Volume and the Plates it contains They are chief y in the fishes being stated to be exhibited sible to introduce The Reader, way which of omission, several it was found impos- accordingly, will have the tcindness to take as his guide for the Plates, not so much CONTENTS, which contain has been found practicable to the Letter-press, as the following a correct List of those it introduce CONTENTS MEMOIR OF W RONDELET INTRODUCTION Bearing on the Structure of Fishes Structure of the Lancelot Electric Organ of the Silurus Gill-cover of the Siluridse Lymphatic Hearts PAGE 17 45 : 46 f>2 57 58 CONTENTS PAQB Bearing on their Physiology and Habits Process of Development in Fishes Oviparous Viviparo-acotyledonous Viviparous : Marsupial Fishes Obstetrical Parental Care of Fishes Fishes' Nests Hatching Chinese Method ; The Gentle Art 104 105 Migratory Fishes 108 Salt-water Fishes 110 115 and Modern Times I Sp Gen, 1 14 116 FISHES, 121 OSSEOUS FISHES OSSEOUS FISHES WITH SPINOUS RAYS Spinous-finned Osseous Fishes terygii Gen FIRST SERIES I .96 , FIRST SUBDIVISION Order 86 100 104 NATURAL HISTORY OF BRITISH Arrangement 77 then- Stocking Ditto, in Ancient 6.0 Transportation of Fish and Fry Naturalization of Fresh- water Fish Fish Preserves 63 66 67 68 71 : Artificial 62 Colours and Varying Colours of Fishes Fungi in Fishes Parasitic Economic Use of Fish Demand and Supply Acanthop- 123 FAMILY OF PERCHES PERCID^ PERCA P.fluviatilis LABRAX Sp L lupus The Perch The Basse 125 Plate I or Sea-Perch PI 125 128 I 12* CONTENTS PAGB Gen SERRANUS The Smooth Serranus The Dusky Serranus Sp S Cabrilla Gen Sp Gen Sp Gen Sp 5 6 S gigas ACERINA A The vulf/atis POLYPRION T draco T vipara PI II 130 131 132 , Couch's Polyprion TRACHINUS Ruffe P c&viium .130 The Great Weever The Lesser Weever PI II 135 II 133 134 MULL us Surmullets Sp M larbatus The Red Surmullet PI III The Striped Surmullet 10 M surmullus Gen 132 33 36 137 139 140 FAMILY OF MAILED CHEEKS BUCC^E LORICATE Gen TRIGLA Sp 11 T cuculus 12 T lineata 13 T hirundo The Red Gurnard The French or Rock Gurnard Sapphirine Gurnard The 14 T poceiloptera Gurnard The Piper T gurnardus The Grey Gurnard 146 146 15 T lyra 16 17 T Blochii 18 T lucerna Bloch's Gurnard PERISTEDION Sp 19 P malarmat PI IV Gen 10 COTTUS The Mailed 149 150 Gurnard .150 151 The River Bullhead The Sea-scorpion The Father-lasher 22 C lubalis 23 C quadricornis, The Four-homed Cottus Gen 11 ASPIDOPHORUS The Armed Bullhead Sp 24 A Europceus Sp 20 C gobio 21 C scoi-pius PI V 147 147 148 The Long-finned Captain PI III Gen Little 143 144 145 152 153 154 155 155 155 CONTENTS PAGE Gen 12 SEBASTES The Norway Haddock Sp 25 S Norvegicus PI .156 , V Gen 13 GASTEROSTEUS Sticklebacks The Rough- tailed ThreeSp 26 G trachurus spined Stickleback 157 159 The Half-armed 27 G semiarmatus 156 Stickle- ' back 161 The Smooth- tailed Stickleback G.brachycentrus The Short-spined Stickle- 28 G.leiurus 29 back 30 G spinulosus The Four-spined 163 back The Ten-spined Stickleback G.spinachia The Fifteen-spined SticklePL VI back FAMILY OF THE MAIGRES SCIENID^E Gen 14 SCIJSNA Sp 33 S aquila Gen 15 Sp 34 IV UMBRINA 168 PL VII The Maigre 169 170 The Bearded Umbrina U vulgaris PL VII 170 FAMILY OF SEA-BREAM SPARID^E Gen 16 CHRYSOPHRYS Sp 35 C awata Gen 163 164 III 163 Stickle- 31 G.pungitius 32 162 17 PAGRUS Gilt-heads The Sp 36 P vulgaris Gilt-head The Gen 18 PAGELLUS PL Braize VIII PL VIII 173 173 174 174 175 Sp 37 P erythrinus The Spanish Sea-bream 38 P acarne The Axillary Bream PL IX 176 The Sea-bream PL IX 178 39 P centrodwitus Gen 19 DENTAX Sp 40 D vulgaris PL X Gen 20 CANTHARUS Sp 41 C griseus 177 179 The Four-toothed Sparus The Black Bream , 180 181 181 CONTENTS PAGE V THE SCALY-FINNED FAMILY SQUAMIPENN^B BRAMA 42 Brama Rail Gen 21 Sp VI .183 Ray's Bream PI XI 184 THE MACKEREL FAMILY SCOMBERID^E Gen 22 SCOMBER Sp 43 Mackerels PI XI Gen 23 THYNNUS X gladius The CARANX PI The VII 197 199 200 PI XII 201 205 205 210 PI XIII XIV The -or John Dory Boar-fish 215 217 217 219 The Opah, 210 212 212 215 The Dory, Sp 54 L guttatus or XII PI Black-fish Gen 30 CAPROS Sp 53 C.aper Gen 31 LAMPRIS 195 195 The Scad, or Horse MacXIII Sp 51 C.pompilus Gen 29 ZEUS PI 193 199 Pilot-fish Gen 28 CENTROLOPHUS Sp 52 Z faber Sp 50 C trachurus kerel Sword-fish The ductor Gen 26 NAUCRATES N The Plain Bonito Sp 47 A vulgaris Gen 25 XIPHIAS Sp 49 Striped Bonito Gen 27 .188 The Tunny The Striped Tunny, Sp 45 Th vulgaris 46 Th.pelamys Sp 48 .187 The Spanish Mackerel 44 S colias Gen 24 Auxis The Common Mackerel S Scomber or King-fish 219 FAMILY OF RIBAND-SHAPED FORM Gen 32 LEPIDOPUS Sp 55 L argyreus The Scabbard-fish PL XV 227 227 V gpE UBfl% ^ OF THE UNIVERSITY ... at length PI XXIV The Common Carp and XXV The Gudgeon and the Barbel Tench XXVI The Carp-bream and Roach XXVII The Loach and Groundling XXVIII The Pike XXIX The XXX The XXXI The Garfish and Saury-pike... presented for the examination of the Reader We mention these details as the shortest explanation of the discrepancy which will be found between the references to the Plates in the Letter-press... The Mailed 149 150 Gurnard .150 151 The River Bullhead The Sea-scorpion The Father-lasher 22 C lubalis 23 C quadricornis, The Four-homed Cottus Gen 11 ASPIDOPHORUS The Armed