FIVE STEPS TO A AP Spanish Language Other books in McGraw-Hill’s STEPS TO A series include: AP Biology AP Calculus AB/BC AP Chemistry AP English Language AP English Literature AP U.S European History AP Microeconomics/Macroeconomics AP Physics B and C AP Psychology AP Statistics AP U.S Government and Politics AP U.S History AP World History 11 Practice Tests for the AP Exams Writing the AP English Essay FIVE STEPS TO A AP Spanish Language 2008-2009 Dennis Lavoie MCGRAW-HILL New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto Copyright © 2008, 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc All rights reserved Manufactured in the United States of America Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher 0-07-159660-7 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: 0-07-148855-3 All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps McGraw-Hill eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporate training programs For more information, please contact George Hoare, Special Sales, at george_hoare@mcgraw-hill.com or (212) 904-4069 TERMS OF USE This is a copyrighted work and The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc (“McGraw-Hill”) and its licensors reserve all rights in and to the work Use of this work is subject to these terms Except as permitted under the Copyright Act of 1976 and the right to store and retrieve one copy of the work, you may not decompile, disassemble, reverse engineer, reproduce, modify, create derivative works based upon, transmit, distribute, disseminate, sell, publish or sublicense the work or any part of it without McGraw-Hill’s prior consent You may use the work for your own noncommercial and personal use; any other use of the work is strictly prohibited Your right to use the work may be terminated if you fail to comply with these terms THE WORK IS PROVIDED “AS IS.” McGRAW-HILL AND ITS LICENSORS MAKE NO GUARANTEES OR WARRANTIES AS TO THE ACCURACY, ADEQUACY OR COMPLETENESS OF OR RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED FROM USING THE WORK, INCLUDING ANY INFORMATION THAT CAN BE ACCESSED THROUGH THE WORK VIA HYPERLINK OR OTHERWISE, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM ANY WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE McGraw-Hill and its licensors not warrant or guarantee that the functions contained in the work will meet your requirements or that its operation will be uninterrupted or error free Neither McGraw-Hill nor its licensors shall be liable to you or anyone else for any inaccuracy, error or omission, regardless of cause, in the work or for any damages resulting therefrom McGraw-Hill has no responsibility for the content of any information accessed through the work Under no circumstances shall McGraw-Hill and/or its licensors be liable for any indirect, incidental, special, punitive, consequential or similar damages that result from the use of or inability to use the work, even if any of them has been advised of the possibility of such damages This limitation of liability shall apply to any claim or cause whatsoever whether such claim or cause arises in contract, tort or otherwise DOI: 10.1036/007148857X Professional Want to learn more? We hope you enjoy this McGraw-Hill eBook! If you’d like more information about this book, its author, or related books and websites, please click here For more information about this title, click here BIBLIOGRAPHY CONTENTS Preface, vii About the Author, viii Acknowledgments, ix Introduction: The Five-Step Program, xi STEP Set Up Your Study Program, 1 What You Need to Know About the AP Spanish Language Exam, Background Information, Some Frequently Asked Questions about the AP Spanish Language Exam, How to Plan Your Time, Three Approaches to Preparing for AP Exams, Calendar for Each Plan, 12 STEP Determine Your Test Readiness, 17 Take a Diagnostic Exam, 19 Diagnostic Exam, 20 Listening Scripts, Answers, and Explanations, 33 Scoring and Interpreting Your Results, 41 STEP Develop Strategies for Success, 43 Tips for Taking the Exam, 43 Multiple-Choice Questions, 46 Free-Response Questions, 47 STEP Review the Knowledge You Need to Score High, 49 Exam Section I, Part A: Listening Comprehension, 51 Short Dialogue Practice, 52 Short Narrative Practice, 54 Longer Listening Practice, 55 Listening Scripts for Short Dialogues, Short Narratives, and Longer Passages with Answers Highlighted in the Text, 63 Exam Section I, Part B Reading Comprehension: Longer Passages, 78 Reading Comprehension Practice, 79 Answers and Explanations for Longer Passages, 99 Exam Section II, Part A Paragraph Completion with Root Words, 103 Paragraph Completion Practice, 104 Answers and Explanations, 108 Exam Section II, Part A: Paragraph Completion without Root Words, 113 Paragraph Completion Practice, 114 Answers and Explanations, 119 vi ❯ Contents Exam Section II, Part A: Informal Writing (Interpersonal), 123 Informal Writing Practice, 124 Informal Writing Rubric, 127 10 Exam Section II, Part A: Formal Writing / Integrated Skills (Presentational), 129 Formal Writing Practice, 135 Listening Sources for Formal Writing, 154 Formal Writing Rubric, 160 11 Exam Section II, Part B: Informal Speaking—Simulated Conversation (Interpersonal), 162 Informal Speaking Practice, 163 Scripts for Informal Speaking, 176 Informal Speaking Rubric, 187 12 Exam Section II, Part B: Formal Oral Presentation / Integrated Skills (Presentational), 189 Formal Speaking Practice, 190 Scripts for Formal Speaking, 199 Formal Speaking Rubric, 205 STEP Build Your Test-Taking Confidence, 207 Practice Exam I, 209 Practice Exam II, 233 Appendixes, 257 Ordering and Connecting Words for Smooth Writing, 259 Common Mistakes, 261 Common Verbal Expressions, 267 Convincing /Persuading; Giving/Receiving Information; Expressing Feelings, 286 Verbs and Verbal Expressions Requiring Prepositions, 290 Useful Expressions for Paragraph Completion without Root Words, 293 Web sites, 296 BIBLIOGRAPHY PREFACE Welcome to the AP Spanish Language review book If you let yourself, you will learn a lot from this book It contains the major concepts and ideas to which you were exposed over the past year in your AP Spanish class, as well as the concepts that you have been working with since you started your study of the Spanish language There are many books on the market that contain the same information as is in this book However, I have approached the material a bit differently Rather than providing you with endless “drill and kill” types of activities in isolation, to review the thousands of grammatical concepts you have studied over the past four to five years, I am giving you the opportunity to practice with questions just like those you will find on the various parts of the AP Spanish Language Examination And, instead of giving you a simple answer key, I have tried to provide you with a brief and easily understood explanation of each answer given Both the design and content of this new edition have been extensively revised About 80% of the material in Steps to a 5: AP Spanish Language is completely new The explanations, which are given in simple terms, are derived from my own analysis as well as from observations that my own students have made with regard to the various types of questions There is definitely a lot to learn and review to prepare you for the AP exam; remember how long you have been studying the Spanish language! Also remember that a course that might lead to college credit has to be tough I am not going to say that you not need to study to well on this exam; you actually need to prepare quite a bit This book will walk you through step-by-step, section-by-section, and question type-by-question type As you practice and correct your errors, you may wish to make notes based on the explanations given Be sure to try to use as many of the study tips as possible provided at the beginning of each chapter These tips come from my many years of experience as both a teacher and a student They also come from students just like you who have taken this examination over the years Be sure to take the three practice tests Do not take them just to see how you will do; take them also to see what types of questions you particularly need to practice Do the practice essays that I have included to be well prepared for the essays on test day Also, get used to the format of the essays as well as the types of test questions you will encounter on the examination Now it’s time to begin! First, take the diagnostic test in Step After taking it, look through the answers and explanations to see where you stand before you dive into the practice-review process Be sure to look carefully at the hints at the beginning of each chapter; these will help you become more comfortable and successful at answering the types of questions you will be asked Finally, you might want to consider forming a study group with some friends Working together is more fun, and it sometimes helps to discuss out loud possible answers to the questions ¡Buena suerte! Copyright © 2008, 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc Click here for terms of use ABOUT THE AUTHOR DENNIS LAVOIE has taught AP Language and other college-level courses at Fairport High School in Fairport, New York, a suburb of Rochester, New York, for 30 years He has worked with the College Board’s Pacesetter Spanish program from 1993 to 2002 as a trainer, writer, and member of the test development and teacher certification committees He has also presented workshops and taught at summer institutes at the local, state, and national levels on Pacesetter Spanish and Advanced Placement Spanish Language Mr Lavoie has served on the NAEP (National Assessment of Educational Programs) Foreign Languages Standing Committee and also on its item-writing committee He has been a mentor teacher in the Fairport Central School District and a cooperating teacher with college foreign language teacher training programs After earning his bachelor’s degree from Saint John Fisher College (Rochester, New York) and his master’s degree from Middlebury College (Vermont), Mr Lavoie received his C.A.S from the State University College at Brockport (Brockport, New York) in Public Administration He also holds professional certification in French and is a certified trainer in 4MAT Lesson Development and Smart Board technology In December, 2007 Mr Lavoie received his certificate in World Languages Other than English (WLOE) from the National Board of Professional Teaching Standards (NBPTS) In addition, he has studied at the Universities of Madrid, Granada, Santiago de Compostela, and Salamanca, and l’Université Catholique de l’Ouest (Angers, France) Copyright © 2008, 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc Click here for terms of use 284 ❯ Appendixes hace poco: hacer caso a: hacer caso de: hacer daño a: hacer de: hacer el papel de: hacer juego con: hacer la vista gorda: hacer las paces: hacer pedazos de: hacer una pregunta: hacer una visita: hacer un viaje: hacerse: hacerse tarde: hacerse daño: hacérsele agua a la boca: a short time ago to pay attention (to a person) to pay attention to (something) to hurt, injure, damage to work as to play the role of to match (go with) to turn a blind eye, to pretend not to notice to make peace to tear to pieces/shreds to ask a question to visit, make a visit to take a trip to become (profession, religion, and so on) to grow/get late to hurt/injure oneself to make one’s mouth water Expressions with ir ir al grano: ir de juerga: ir sobre ruedas: ir tirando: to go straight to the point to go out on the town, to paint the town to run smoothly to be getting along Expressions with llevar llevar + period of time to have been doing something for a certain amount of time / to have been somewhere for a certain period of time llevar a cabo: to carry out (to the end) llevar la contraria: to disagree with llevarse como to get along like cats and dogs perro y gato: Expressions with meter meter la pata: to stick one’s foot in one’s mouth meter las narices: to stick one’s nose into someone else’s business meterse en: to get involved in meterse en un to have no way out callejón sin salida: Expressions with poner poner en ridículo: to embarrass poner pleito: to sue ponerse: to become (+ adjective: sick, angry, etc.) ponerse a: to begin to (do something) ponérsele a uno to get goose bumps la carne de gallina: ponérsele los to make one’s hair stand pelos de punta: up on end Expressions with quedar quedar boquiabierto: quedar en: quedarle bien: quedarse con: to be shocked, to be left with your mouth open to agree on to look good on to keep, to hold on to Expressions with ser ser de buena pasta: ser el colmo: ser listo: ser para chuparse los dedos: ser todo oídos: ser una lata: ser una perla: ser uña y carne: to be of good stock (background/family) to be the limit to be smart to be finger-licking good to be all ears to be in a bind, to be a drag/nuisance/bore to be a gem / a good person to be very close (like twins) Expresions with tener tener corazón de piedra: tener cuidado de: tener dolor de: tener en la punta de la lengua: tener éxito: tener ganas de: tener inconveniente: tener la culpa de: tener líos: to have a cold heart to be careful of to have a _ache to have (something) on the tip of one’s tongue to be successful to feel like (doing something) to mind to be to blame to have problems (with someone/something) Common Verbal Expressions tener lugar: tener miedo de: tener por + adjective: tener prisa: tener que ver con: tener razón: tener suo: tener suerte: tener vergüenza: no tener arreglo: no tener pies ni cabeza: to take place to be afraid of to consider to be (+ adjective) to be in a hurry to have to with to be right to be tired/sleepy to be lucky to be ashamed to have no solution to not make any sense (a composition, puzzle, and so on) ❮ 285 Expressions with tomar tomar a broma: tomar algo a bien/mal: tomar a pecho: tomar en serio: tomar la palabra: tomar partido por: tomarle el pelo: to take as a joke to take something well/badly to take to heart to take seriously to have the floor, to speak to take sides with someone to pull someone’s leg CONVINCING/PERSUADING; BIBLIOGRAPHY GIVING/RECEIVING INFORMATION; EXPRESSING FEELINGS In this appendix phrases are provided to help you better express your opinions and feelings, ask for information, provide information, and get others to adopt a course of action • From the beginning of the school year, try to make it a habit to use these expresSTRATEGY sions in your written and oral work To really learn something and make it your own, you have to use it • Make yourself flash cards Practice a few of these each day Once you have learned an expression, remove it from the deck of cards • Form a study group and, as part of your meetings, use some of your flash cards at each meeting for practice or as a game Copyright © 2008, 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc Click here for terms of use Convincing/Persuading ❮ 287 Convincing and Persuading Creo que + indicative mood = I believe that Pienso que + indicative mood = I think that No creo que + subjunctive mood = I not believe that No pienso que + subjunctive mood = I not think that Es verdad que + indicative mood = It is true that Es evidente que + indicative mood = It is evident that Es obvio que + indicative mood = It is obvious that Es cierto que + indicative mood = It is certain that Es seguro que + indicative mood = It is sure that No hay duda que + indicative mood = There is no doubt that No cabe duda que + indicative mood = There is no doubt that A mi parecer + indicative mood = In my opinion Es importante que + subjunctive mood = It is important that Es menester que + subjunctive mood = It is important that Es preciso que + subjunctive mood = It is important that Es imprescindible que + subjunctive mood = It is imperative that Es posible que + subjunctive mood = It is possible that Es imposible que + subjunctive mood = It is impossible that Es probable que + subjunctive mood = It is probable that Es improbable que + subjunctive mood = It is improbable that Más vale que + subjunctive mood = It is better that Es mejor que + subjunctive mood Basta que + subjunctive mood Insistir en que + subjunctive mood Suplicar que + subjunctive mood Rogar que + subjunctive mood Permitir que + subjunctive mood Dejar que + subjunctive mood No permitir que + subjunctive mood No dejar que + subjunctive mood Negar que + subjunctive mood Recomendar que + subjunctive mood Aconsejar que + subjunctive mood Advertir que + subjunctive mood Querer/Desear que + subjunctive mood Ojalá que + subjunctive mood = It is better that = It is enough that = To insist on = To beg that = To beg that = To allow that = To allow = To not allow = To not allow = To deny that = To recommend that = To advise that = To warn that = To want/desire that = To hope that (God willing) Me gustaría + infinitive Querría + infinitive I would like Desearía + infinitive to Quisiera + infinitive Me gustaría que + imperfect subjunctive Querría que + imperfect subjunctive I would like Desearía que (someone) + imperfect subjunctive to Quisiera que + imperfect subjunctive 288 ❯ Appendixes Si + present indicative + future Si + imperfect subjunctive + conditional tener que + infinitive deber + infinitive Esperar que + subjunctive mood Me parece que + indicative mood Me interesa que + subjunctive mood Me hace falta que + subjunctive mood ¿Cuál? (¿Cuál es la dirección?) = If you study, you will well = If you could come, you would come = to have to something = must/should something = to hope that = It seems to me that = It interests me that = I need that it’s necessary that ¿Qué? (¿Qué es la vida?) ¿Qué? (¿Qué camisa quieres?) Necesito información Me gustaría saber (dónde vive Juan.) ¿Puede Ud / Puedes tú decirme (qué hora es)? ¿Podría Ud / Podrías tú ayudarme (con la tarea)? Giving and Receiving Information ¿Cómo? (¿Cómo eras tú de niđo?) ¿Dónde? (¿Dónde es la conferencia?) ¿De dónde? (¿De dónde vino Ud.?) ¿Cuándo? (¿Cuándo piensas venir?) ¿Cuánto? (¿Cuánto cuestan los discos?) ¿Cuántos/as? (¿Cuántas personas vienen?) ¿Quién? (¿Quién fue el primer presidente?) ¿De quién? (¿De quién es el directivo?) ¿A quién? (¿A quién quieres mandarlo?) ¿Con quién? (¿Con quién hablo?) ¿En quién? (¿En quién pensabas?) ¿Por qué? (¿Por qué lo quieres?) ¿Para qué? (¿Para qué vienes temprano?) = How?/What? Yo no sé (la respuesta) = Where? = From where? Le/Te agradezco su/tu ayuda = When? = How much? = How many? = Who? = From whom?/ Whose? = To whom? = With whom? = About whom? = Why? (reason) = For what purpose? Le/Te doy las gracias por su/tu ayuda Mándame/Mándeme tu/su respuesta Contéstame/Contésteme cuanto antes Espero que Ud pueda / tú puedas ayudarme = What?/ Which? = What? = Which? = I need some information = I would like to know (where John lives.) = Can you tell me (what time it is)? = Could you help me (with the homework)? = I don’t know (the answer) = I thank you for your help = I thank you for your help = Send me your answer = Answer me as soon as possible = I hope you can help me Expressing Feelings Alegrarse de que + subjunctive mood Sentir que + subjunctive mood = To be happy that = To regret that Convincing/Persuading ❮ 289 Molestarle que + subjunctive mood = To be bothered that Fastidiarle que + subjunctive mood = To be frustrated that Encantarle que + subjunctive mood = To love that Gustarle que + subjunctive mood = To like that Importarle que + subjunctive mood = To matter that Disgustarle que + subjunctive mood = To displease someone that Asustarle que + subjunctive mood = To frighten someone hat Sorprenderle que + subjunctive mood = To surprise someone that Dolerle que + subjunctive mood = To hurt someone that Temer que + subjunctive mood = To fear that Esperar que + subjunctive mood = To hope that Tener miedo que + subjunctive mood = To be afraid that Estar contento de que + subjunctive mood = To be content that Estar alegre de que + subjunctive mood = To be happy that Gustar and Similar Verbs Me importa(n) + noun Me gusta(n) + noun Me disgusta(n) + noun Me encanta(n) + noun Me asusta(n) + noun Me sorprende(n) + noun Me duele(n) + noun Me molesta(n) + noun Me fastidia(n) + noun = It/They matter(s) to me = I like it/them = It/They displease(s) me = I love it/them = It/They frighten(s) me = It/They surprise(s) me = It/They hurt(s) me = It/They bother(s) me = It/They frustrate(s) me Remember that me, te, le, nos, os, and les are used to indicate the person with gustar and similar verbs VERBS AND VERBAL BIBLIOGRAPHY EXPRESSIONS REQUIRING PREPOSITIONS In this appendix, you will find verbs that require a preposition in Spanish, verbs that require a preposition in English but not in Spanish, and some common prepositional phrases The study of these will help you with the writing sections of the examination, especially Part II B, Paragraph Completion without Root Words • You may also wish to make flash cards with the expressions in order to practice STRATEGY them • The best way to learn what verbs take and not take prepositions is to use them • Try to actively use the verbs and expressions in all six appendix sections in your written work • Try to actively use the verbs and expressions orally • Try to actively listen for them in spoken language Copyright © 2008, 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc Click here for terms of use Verbs and Verbal Expressions Requiring Prepositions ❮ 291 Verbs requiring prepositions that are different from English acabar de acordarse de alegrarse de amenazar arrepentirse de cansarse de casarse cesar de conformarse consentir en consistir en contar convenir en cuidar a/de dar dejar de depender de disfrutar de dudar en enamorarse de encargarse de estar por fijarse en gozar de informarse de interesarse por/en llegar a olvidarse de pensar de pensar en preocuparse por presumirse de quedar en quejarse de reírse de renunciar a soñar tardar en tener el derecho de tener la impresión de to have just to remember to be glad to threaten to to regret to get tired, fed up with to get married to to stop doing something to conform to / to agree to to agree to to consist of to count on, to rely on to agree to to take care of to come across, find to stop to depend on to enjoy to hesitate over to fall in love with to take charge of to be in favor of to settle / to take notice to enjoy to find out about to be interested in to succeed in to forget to to think about (opinion) to think about to worry about to boast about to agree to to complain about to laugh (about) to renounce to dream about to delay in, to be long in to have the right to to have the impression terminar de tratar de tropezar vacilar en volver a to stop to try to to bump into to hesitate over to return to / begin again Verbs that not use a preposition in Spanish as they in English buscar deber dejar desear esperar hacer lograr mirar necesitar oír pensar poder preferir pretender prometer querer saber soler to look for ought to, must to let, allow to to wish / desire to to hope, expect / to wait for to make/to have something done to succeed in to look at, watch to need to to hear to intend to to be able to to prefer to to attempt to to promise to to want, wish to to know how to to be accustomed to Common prepositional expressions a causa de a eso de a fines de a fuerza de a la a pie a principios de a tiempo a través de al + infinitivo al aire libre antes de de cuando en cuando de hoy en adelante de otro modo de pie de vez en cuando desde luego because of about a certain time at the end of through the effort of in the style or manner on foot at the beginning of on time through, across upon … outdoors, in the open air before with from time to time from now on otherwise standing from time to time of course 292 ❯ Appendixes desde luego que no después de en cambio en efecto en lugar de en ocho días en quince días en vez de hasta sin of course not after on the other hand in fact, yes, really, indeed in stead / place of in a week in two weeks in stead / place of until without Expressions that use para: para entonces para otra vez para siempre para variar by that time for another time / later forever / always for a change Expressions that use por: por ahora por aquel entonces por casualidad por cierto por completo por consecuencia por consiguiente por culpa de por dentro y por fuera por desgracia por ejemplo por esa época por escrito por eso por excelencia por favor por fin por lo común por lo demás por lo general por lo menos por lo visto por primera vez por supuesto for now at that time (past) by chance certainly completely consequently consequently the fault of inside and outside unfortunately for example around that time (past) in writing therefore, that’s why par excellence please finally generally furthermore generally at least apparently for the first time of course Verbs that use the same or similar prepositions in English acercarse a acertarse a acostumbrarse a acudir a animar a to approach to succeed in, manage to to become accustomed to to come to to encourage aprender a apresurarse a arrepentirse de aspirarse a atreverse a avergonzarse de ayudar a caber en comenzar a convertirse en convidar a correr a decidirse a dedicarse a disponerse a dudar de, sobre, acerca de echarse a empeñarse en empezar a encargarse de enseñar a enseñarse a enterase de estar para insister en interesarse en / por invitar a ir a jactarse de llegar a llevar a meterse a meterse en negarse a obligar a oponerse a persuadir a ponerse a prepararse a principiarse a regresar a renunciar a resignarse a salir a sufrir de tener ganas de tener miedo de venir a volver a to learn to to hurry to to repent, be sorry, regret to aspire to to dare to to be ashamed of to help to to fit into to begin to to change into to invite to to run to to decide to to dedicate oneself to to get ready to to doubt something about to begin to to insist on to begin to to take charge of to teach to to learn to to find out about to be ready to to insist on to be interested in to invite to to go to to boast about to get to, succeed in to lead to to start to to meddle in, get involved in to refuse to to force, compel to to be opposed to to persuade to begin to to get ready to to start, begin to to return to / start again to renounce to be resigned to to go out to, into to suffer from to want to to be afraid of to come to to return to / start again BIBLIOGRAPHY USEFUL EXPRESSIONS FOR PARAGRAPH COMPLETION WITHOUT ROOT WORDS In this appendix expressions and phrases are provided to help you better express yourself in your writing In addition, these phrases may help you on the Paragraph Completion without Root Words • From the beginning of the school year, try to make it a habit to use these STRATEGY expressions in your written and oral work To really learn something and make it your own, you have to use it • Make yourself flash cards Practice a few of these each day Once you have learned an expression, remove it from the deck of cards • Form a study group and, as part of your meetings, use some of your flash cards at each meeting for practice or as a game Copyright © 2008, 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc Click here for terms of use 294 ❯ Appendixes a beneficio de / en beneficio de a causa de a corto plazo a fondo a la hora que on behalf of / for the benefit of because of in the short term thoroughly punctually, on time, hourly, per hour a largo plazo in the long run a lo largo de throughout / along / all through a partir de form this point forward, starting from a paso de tortuga at a snail’s pace a pesar de in spite of a primera vista at first sight a principios de at the beginning of a través de across / through abrir de par en par to open wide al + infinitivo upon… (entering, etc.) al borde de on the edge of al cabo de at the end of / after al fin y al cabo after all / when all is said and done algo de some (in a question = any?) alrededor de around asunto de / cuestión de a question of aumentar de peso to gain weight como si / cual si as if (+ imperfect, pluperfect subj.) brazos abiertos with open arms disimulo / sin furtively / plainly disimulo escala / sin escala with / without a stop over (flying) fines / para fines with the purpose una misión on a mission cosa de (it’s) a matter of costarle + infinitivo to take a lot / to pay dearly for dar / hacer un paseo to take a walk / ride in a car dar to come across or to find something dar la bienvenida to welcome dar los buenos días to say good day dar pie a to give cause for darse a conocer darse cita darse cuenta de darse por vencido de acuerdo /a de buena / mala gana de habla española de hecho de más de nuevo de segunda mano del mismo modo dentro de pocas horas dentro de poco echar de menos echar en falta el final el mundo de el primer piso el resto de en busca de en contra de en cuanto en efecto en forma de en medio de entrar en calor entre otros estar a la moda estar de moda estar de acuerdo estar molesto estar seguro fijarse / poner los ojos en frente a / ante hace + time hace más de + time to make known to arrange to meet / to make a date to realize to give up / to admit defeat in accordance with willingly / unwillingly Spanish-speaking in fact / as a matter of fact / actually extra / spare again second hand in the same way within a few hours in a little while to miss (a person or place) to miss (a person or place) end the world of the first floor (above ground) the rest of in search of against as soon as in fact / as a matter of fact / really shaped / in the form of in the middle of to get warm among others to be in style / fashion/ fashionable to be in style/fashion/ fashionable to be in agreement to be bothered by to be sure to notice / look at facing ago (for) more than Useful Expressions for Paragraph Completion without Root Words ❮ 295 hacer, dormir, echar, tomar una siesta hacerle caso a hasta la fecha hoy día hoy en día ir / estar de vacaciones ir de compras junto a la falta de la luna de miel la primera vez llevar de la mano lo antes posible lo curioso lo más raro de todo lo que los demás luego de manos a la obra más de + a number mayor de edad menor de edad nada / no / nunca más no caber duda / no quedar duda no obstante oler a otra vez perder la pista poco a poco poner en duda poner en evidencia poner en riesgo ponerse a to take a nap to pay attention to so far today nowadays to go / be on vacation to go shopping next to / along with the lack of / shortage of honeymoon the first time to lead / take by the hand as soon as possible the curious / strange thing the strangest (thing) of all what (indefinite: that which) the rest after / when “Let’s get down to work!” more than of age / elderly underage only / nothing more there is no doubt nevertheless to smell like again to lose the trail little by little to put in doubt to show / make obvious / demonstrate to put at risk to begin to something ponerse de acuerdo por / de / en todo el mundo por / durante un fin de semana por cosa de magia / arte de magia por eso por lo visto por primera vez por supuesto por vía marítima primera plana punto de partida punto de vista recibir lo suyo rumbo a / camino a sacar / tomar fotos salir al mercado to come to agreement everywhere for / during the weekend as if by magic / by magic for that reason / therefore apparently for the first time of course by sea front page starting point point of view to get what s/he deserves on the way to to take pictures to come out on the market salirse la suya to get away with it salírsele / escapársele el to get a lump in one’s corazón por la boca throat sí mismo(a) himself / herself / itself sin duda without a doubt sin duda alguna without any doubt sin embargo nevertheless sin más ni más without further ado sobre / ante todo above all tener en cuenta to take into account tener éxito to be successful un comunicado a news report de prensa / radio una vez más again / once more viajar en to travel by (people) viajar por to travel by (things) BIBLIOGRAPHY WEB SITES Here are a few Web sites that might be of interest to you as you prepare for the AP Spanish Language Examination You may find additional reading material and listening practice through these sites http://www.collegeboard.org This site provides information on all of the Advanced Placement Examinations and any changes in them http://www.radio-directory.com This site can link you to Spanish-language radio stations http://www.icom.museum/vlmp This site can link you to virtual museum tours http://www.mae.es/Embajadas/Washington/es/Home.org This is the Spanish embassy site in Washington, D.C You may find additional reading and cultural materials here as well http://www.wordreference.com This is an electronic dictionary http://radio.un.org/es/ This is a good site for listening practice as it has an extensive archive of audio clips http://www.geocities.com/spanishradio This is a good site for links to Spanish-language radio, newspapers and television stations http://abcnews.go.com/Technology/podcasting/ In the “Exclusiva” section you can listen to podcasts of headline news from the Spanishspeaking world http://podcast.net At this sight you can find a directory of Spanish-language podcasts on a variety of topics Newspapers in Latin America Argentina: El Clarín: http://www.clarin.com Bolivia: El Diario: http://www.eldiario.net Chile: El Mercurio: http://www.elmercurio.cl and La Tercera: http://www.latercera.cl Colombia: El Tiempo: http://www.eltiempo.com Costa Rica: La Nación: http://www.nacion.com Cuba: Granma: http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu La República Dominicana: Listín Diario: http://www.listin.com.do and Hoy: http://www.hoy.com.do Ecuador: El Comercio: http://www.elcomercio.com Copyright © 2008, 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc Click here for terms of use Web sites ❮ 297 Guatemala: Prensa Libre: http://www.prensalibre.com Honduras: La Prensa: http://www.laprensahn.com México: El Heraldo de México: http://www.heraldo.com.mx and Reforma: http://www.reforma.com Nicaragua: El Nuevo Diario: http://www.elnuevodiario.com.ni Panamá: Critica: http://www.critica.com.pa Paraguay: Diario ABC: http://www.abc.com.py Perú: El Comerico: http://www.elcomercioperu.com.pe Puerto Rico: El Nuevo Día: http://www.endi.com Uruguay: El Observador: http://www.observa.com.uy Venezuela: El Universal: http://www.eluniversal.com NOTES ... STEPS TO A AP Spanish Language Other books in McGraw-Hill’s STEPS TO A series include: AP Biology AP Calculus AB/BC AP Chemistry AP English Language AP English Literature AP U.S European History... otra calada que tira una legua grande hasta llegar a la tierra firme Llegado a esta ciudad de Iztapalapa, me salió a recibir algo fuera de ella el señor, y otro de una gran ciudad que está cerca... Study Program Some Frequently Asked Questions about the AP Spanish Language Exams Why Take the AP Spanish Language Exam? Most of you take the AP Spanish Language exam because you are seeking