RELATIVE CLAUSESWHO : dùng thế cho chủ ngữ - người WHOM : dùng thế cho tân ngữ - ngừoi WHICH : dùng thế cho chủ ngữ lẫn tân ngữ - vật THAT : dùng thế cho tất cả các chữ trên WHEN : dù
Trang 1A RELATIVE CLAUSES
WHO : dùng thế cho chủ ngữ - người
WHOM : dùng thế cho tân ngữ - ngừoi
WHICH : dùng thế cho chủ ngữ lẫn tân ngữ - vật
THAT : dùng thế cho tất cả các chữ trên
WHEN : dùng thế cho thời gian
WHERE : dùng thế cho nơi chốn
WHOSE : dùng thế cho sở hữu ,người / vật
WHY : dùng thế cho lý do ( reason /cause )
NHỮNG LƯU Ý
1.Dùng dấu phẩy: khi danh từ đứng trước who, which,
whom là :
+ Danh từ riêng ,tên: Ha Noi, Mary
+ Có this ,that ,these ,those đứng trước danh từ
+ Có sở hữu đứng trước danh từ : his, her, my,
+ Là vật duy nhất ai cũng biết : Sun, moon , earth
2.Có thể lược bỏ đại từ quan hệ WHO, WHICH,
WHOM : Khi nó làm tân ngữ và phía trước nó không có
dấu phẩy, không có giới từ (whose không được bỏ)
Eg:This is the book which I buy → This is the book I buy
3 KHÔNG ĐƯỢC dùng THAT : Khi phía trước nó có
dấu phẩy hoặc giới từ :
This is my book , that I bought 2 years ago (sai)
This is the house in that I live (sai)
4 Bắt buộc dùng THAT: khi danh từ mà nó thay thế gồm
2 danh từ trở lên trong đó vừa có ngừơi vừa có vật
Eg: The men and the horses that
5 Nên dùng THAT
- Khi đầu câu là IT trong dạng nhấn mạnh (Cleft sentences)
Eg: It is My father that made the table
- Khi đứng trước đó là : all, both, each, many, most,
neither, none, part, someone, something, so sánh nhất
Eg: There is something that must be done
This the most beautiful girl that I've ever met
B REDUCED RELATIVE CLAUSES
- Dùng Present participles (V-ing) để thay thế MĐLH
mang nghĩa chủ động (active):
Relative pronoun + active V → V-ing
Eg: The girl who is playing with the dog is Lan’s sister.
→ The girl p laying with the dog is Lan’s sister
- Dùng Pass participles (V3/ED) để thay thế cho MĐLH
mang nghĩa bị động (passive):
Relative pronoun+be+V 3/ED → V 3/ED
Eg: The students who was punished by the teacher are lazy.
→ The students punished by the teacher are lazy.
- Dùng to- infinitive để thay thế cho một MĐLH mà trước
nó là các số chỉ thứ tự (the first, second…), sau next, last,
only và sau các tính từ so sánh hơn, nhất
The first/ second…+N+ RP+V
→ The first/ second…+N+ to V/ to be V
C EXRCISES
Ex 1: Choice the best answer:
1 This is the place _ I met my wife
A what B where C which D that
2 Simon is the man _ Mary loves
A who B which C whom D A&C
3 She is the one _ I told you about
A what B which C whose D that
4 Those _ had studied hard passed their exams
A what B which C who D whose
5 The magazine _ you lent me is interesting
A what B which C whom D whose
6 The man _ is resting is very tired
A what B which C whom D who
7 The boy _ sat next to you is my friend
A who B which C whom D whose
8 We are using books _ were printed last year
A what B who C which D whose
9 The painting _Ms Wallace bought was very ex pensive
A whom B whose C which D where
10 The homeless people _story appeared in the paper la
st week have now found a place to live
A who B whom C that D whose
11 is your favourite sport, swimming or running
A What B Which C Whom D Whose
12 Were the Wright brothers the ones built th
e first aeroplane?
A which B whom C whose D that
13 I don't like stories have unhappy endings
A where B which C they D who
14 She, is your sister, lives far away
A which B who C whom D she
15 I see some girls are pretty
A whom B which C who D they
16 Give back the money you took
17 He was killed by a man friends we know
A whose B which C whom D that
18 He spoke to the messengers with you were l eaving
A which B whom C whose D that
19 We captured a town is in Spain
A whom B where C which D it
20 The farmers we saw were in the field
A whose B which C they D whom
21 The women I gave the money were glad
A to whom B to that C for whom D for that
21 The film about _ they are talking is fantastic
A who B which C whom D that
22 The people for the bus in the rain are getting well
A waiting B to wait C waited D wait
23 He is the boy _ is my best friend
A that B whom C who D A& C
24 I have a message for people _ by the traffic chaos
A to delay B who delay C delayed D who delaying
25 I live in a pleasant room the garden
A to overlook B overlooking
C overlooked D which overlooking
26 Melanie was the only person _ a letter of thanks
A wrote B written C to write D writing
27 The pilot was the only man _ after the crash A.was rescued B rescued
C rescuing D to be rescued
28 I met a lot of new people at the party names
I can’t remember
A whose B which C who D whom
29 I’ll see you near the post office _ we met t
he other day
A which B where C when D why
30 Tell me the reason you were absent yesterday
A where B when C why D that 31.There was a time dinosaurs dominated the earth
1
Trang 2A which B when C that D A & B
32 Summer is the time of the year _ the weather
is the hottest
A when B which C that D B & C
33 Do you know the man about _ they’re talking?
A whom B whose C that D A & C
34 What’s the name of the blonde girl _ just came in?
A who B whose C whom D A & B
35 I don’t like people lose their tempers easily
A who B whose C that D A & C
36 I don’t like people _ never stops talking
A that B whose C where D whom
37 It _in Hanoi _ I was born and grew up
A is / that B was / that C was / which D is / which
38 It Lan _ always helps him in his trouble
A was/ who B was/ that C is / who D is / which
39 It was The World Cup _in Korea and Japan
A which was held B that were held
C that was held D that held
40 Marie, _ I met at the party, called me last night
A that B whom C which D whose
Ex 2: Rewrite the sentences using relatives clauses.
1.He was sitting on a chair It was uncomfortable
………
2.The pub is opposite the Town Hall I first met my wife
there
………
3.Do you know that lady? I repaired her car
………
5.A man stole £10,000 from a bank The police have
caught him
………
6.Romeo and Juliet were lovers Their parents hated each
other
………
7.This is the story of a man His wife suddenly loses her
memory
………
8.A man brought in a small girl Her hand had been cut by
flying glass
………
9.There’s the lady Her dog was killed
………
10.He’s the person His car was stolen
………
11.The river is the Sai Gon River It flows through Ho Chi
Minh City
………
12.Mr Phong hasn’t come yet He is supposed to be at the
meeting
………
13.Our solar system is in a galaxy The galaxy is called the
Milky Way
………
14.I come from a city This city is located in the southern
part of the country
………
15.I’ve recently gone back to the town I was born in the
town
………
16.Do you know the name of the hotel ? John is staying at
the hotel
………
17.We enjoy this city It has been renewed a lot after the war
……… 18.The movie was interesting We went to it
……… 19.I couldn’t understand the woman I talked to her on the phone
……… 20.I want to tell you about the party I went to it last night
……… 21.The music was gentle We listened to it last night
……… 22.Alice likes the foreign family She is living with them
……… 23.The man is over there I told you about him
……… 24.The film is fantastic They are talking about it
……… 25.She’s the nurse We gave the flowers to her
……… 26.We are speaking to the man The man was our new history teacher
……….v 27.The teacher is Mr Pike We studied with him last year
……… 28.Neil Armstrong was the first man who walked on the moon
……… 29.I come from a city that is located in the southern part of the country
……… 30.The children who attend that school receive a good education
……… 31.The scientists who are researching the causes of cancer are making progress
……… 32.They live in a house that was built in
……… 33.We have an apartment which overlooks the park
……… 34.Yuri Gagarin became the first man who flied into space
……… 35.We stood on the bridge which connects the two halves
of the building
……… 36.I come from a city which is located in the southern part
of the country
……… 37.There are some words They are very difficult to translate
……… 38.What is the name of the man ? You borrowed his car
……… 39.This watch costs a lot of money I have lost the watch
……… 40.We were given a lot of information Most of the information was useless
………
Ex 3: Reduceding the relative clauses using V-ing, V3/ED, to V.
1.Neil Armstrong was the first man who walked on the moon
2
Trang 32.I come from a city that is located in the southern part of
the country
………
3.The children who attend that school receive a good
education
………
4.The scientists who are researching the causes of cancer
are making progress
………
5.They live in a house that was built in
………
6.We have an apartment which overlooks the park
………
7.Yuri Gagarin became the first man who flied into space
………
8.We stood on the bridge which connects the two halves of
the building
………
9.I come from a city which is located in the southern part
of the country
………
10.The vegetables which are sold in this supermarket are
grown without chemicals
………
11.Do you know the woman who is coming toward us ?
………
12.The people who was waiting for the bus in the rain are
getting wet
………
13.I come from a city that is located in the southern part of
the country
………
14.They live in a house that was built in
………
15.He was the first man who left the burning building
………
16.The couple who live in the house next door are both
college professors
………
17.The people who are waiting for the bus in the rain are
getting wet
………
18.The students who did not come to the class yesterday
explain their absence to the teacher
………
19.Did you get the message which concerned the special
meeting ?
………
20.Lan is the second student who entered the classroom
this morning
………
21.The psychologists who study the nature of sleep have
made important discoveries
………
22.He was the only man who reached the top
………
23.He is always the first who comes and the last who goes
………
24.People who listen to very loud music may suffer
gradual hearing loss
………
25.He was the second man who was saved in the fire
……… 26.I haven’t got anything that I could open a bottle of wine with
……… 27.The Queen Elizabeth is the largest ship which has been built on the island
……… 28.The fifth man who was interviewed was completely unsuitable
……… 29.This is the third who is late for the meeting today
……… 30.Am I the next person who joins the interview ?
………
Exrcise 3: Fill the gap
1.The books, I'd ordered over the internet, took nearly three weeks to arrive
2.The books _ I'd ordered from a bookshop arrived the following week
3.My parents, were born in the north of England, moved to London to find work
4.The man lives upstairs is always playing music when I'm trying to get to sleep
5.The building I live in was built in the 9s 6.The building I live was built in the 9s 7.The car's making a funny noise again, _ means we'll have to get someone to look at it
8.The employee to _you refer is no longer working for this company
9.Do you remember the name of the man car you crashed into?
10.Have you any idea _they were arguing about? 11.The hotel we stayed was very good for the price 12.The woman _is sitting at the desk is Mr Winter's secretary
13.I cannot remember the reason _he wanted us
to leave
14.Jane, mother is a physician, is very good
at biology
15.She didn’t see the snake _was lying on the ground 16.Do you know the shop _ Andrew picked me up? 17.That man is the writer _wrote a best- selling novel
18.Here is the CD _ you thought you had lost 19.A proffesor is someone _teaches in a university 20.The only present _I didn’t like was the gold belt 21.A meteorologist is someone _ knows about the weather
22.This is the book I wrote to you about 23.Anybody wants to join the drama society must sign up now
24.This is the shop is so expensive 25.Ciro´s was the best club _ I have ever been to 26.The tower _ blew down in the storm was over years old
27.The match _ we saw was so boring
28.Did I tell you about the people live next door?
29.The horse _ won the race belongs to an Irish woman
30.I love the ice cream they sell in that shop
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