ENGLISH EXERCISES THE PASSIVE VOICE I DEFINITION(Định nghĩa) Active sentences (Câu chủ động) : Câu chủ độngcâu chủ ngữ người hay vật thực hành động Ex : They built the house in this village in 1486 Passive sentences (Câu bị động) : Câubịđộngcâu chủ ngữ người hay vật nhận chịu tác động hành động Ex : The house was built in this village in 1486 II PASSIVE TRANSFORMATION (Cách đổi sang câubị động) Muốn chuyển câu từ thể chủ động sang thể bị động, ta thực bước sau Active : S VA O Passive : S VP by + Object Lấy tân ngữ câu chủ động (active) làm chủ ngữ câubịđộng (passive) Đổi động từ chủ động (VA) thành động từ bịđộng (VP) VP = be + past participle (p.p) TENSES Present Simple Present Continuous Present Perfect Past Simple Past Continuous Past Perfect Future Simple Future Continuous ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE S +V(s / es) People speak English here S + am / is / are + p.p English is spoken here S + am / is / are + V-ing They are painting the house S + am / is / are + being + p.p The house is being painted S + have / has + p.p He hasn’t worn jackets for ages S + have / has + been + p.p Jackets haven’t been worn for ages S + V2 / Ved My mother wrote this letter S + was / were + p.p This letter was written by my mother S + was / were + V-ing She was doing the homework at that time yesterday S + was / were + being + p.p Her homework was being done at that time yesterday S + had + p.p They had destroyed all the documents when they arrived S + had been + p.p All the documents had been destroyed when they arrived S + will / shall + V(b.f) I will tell you when the time comes S + will / shall + be + p.p You will be told when the time comes S + will / shall + be + V-ing We will be holding tasks at this time next year S + will / shall + be + being + p.p Talks will be being held at this time next year Future Perfect S + will / shall + have + p.p S + will / shall + have been + p.p You will have finished this report This report will have been finished by before Tuesday Tuesday Chủ ngữ câu chủ động thành tân ngữ câubịđộng đứng trước giới từ by Ex : The President presented the medals The medals was presented by the President • Chủ ngữ I, you, we, they, he, she , it, one, someone, people, someone, somebody, nobody, no one thường bỏ bịđộng Ex : Somebody left this purse in a classroom This purse was left in a classroom • Nếu câu chủ động có chủ ngữ nobody hay no one động từ câubịđộng chia dạng phủ định Ex : Nobody saw him leaving the room He wasn’t seen leaving the room Vị trí trạng từ câubịđộng : - Trạng từ cách thức (Adverb of manner) thường đứng be past participle Các trạng từ khác thường đứng sau trợ động từ Compiled by : DO HOANG PHUC ENGLISH EXERCISES THE PASSIVE VOICE Ex : This problem has been carefully studied by the scientists She had never been promoted if she wouldn’t have changed her job Trạng từ cụm từ thời gian đứng sau by + object Ex : The report was typed by the secretary this morning Trạng từ cụm từ nơi chốn đứng trước by + object Ex : He was found in the forest by the police III SPECIAL CASES : (Các trường hợp đặc biệt) Questions : (Câu hỏi) E.g : Should we help Jane with the sewing ? Should Jane be helped with the sewing ? What time can the boy hand in their papers ? What time can the boys’ papers be handed in ? Who taught you to speak English ? Who were you taught to speak English By whom were you taught to speak English ? Verb with two objects : (Động từ với hai tân ngữ) - Khi động từ chủ động có tân ngữ người (indirect object – I.O) vật (direct object – D.O) tân ngữ làm chủ ngữ câubịđộng (a) V + indirect object (I.O) + direct object (D.O) E.g : He gave (I.O) the police (D.O) information (b) V + direct object (D.O) + preposition + indirect object (I.O) E.g : He gave the (D.O) information to (I.O) the police - Lúc này, dạng bịđộng thành lập cách • Tân ngữ gián tiếp trở thành chủ ngữ câubịđộng E.g : The police were given information • Tân ngữ trực tiếp trở thành chủ từ câubịđộng E.g : The information were given to the police - Thông thường tân ngữ gián tiếp thường chọn làm chủ từ câubịđộng tân ngữ trực tiếp E.g : The council have awarded Andrew the grand prize for his essay Andrew has been awarded the grand prize for his essay by the council (more common) The grand prize has been awarded to Andrew for his essay by the council (less common) - Một số động từ thường dùng với dạng : award, give, sell, send, show, lend, pay, promise, write, teach,… Active : Subject + verb + bare infinitive / V-ing Passive : Subject + be + V3 / Ved + to – infinitive / V-ing Verb of perception : (Động từ giác quan) - Các động từ giác quan thường dùng cấu trúc : feel, see, watch, hear,… E.g : We saw them go out of the house They were seen to go out of the house I heard him run upstairs He was heard to run upstairs - Dạng bịđộng dùng với động từ help make (đi với bare-infinitive) E.g : They made him tell the truth He was told to tell the truth You should help the old carry their heavy bags The old should be helped to carry the heavy bags - Let dùng khơng có TO Tuy nhiên let dùng dạng bị động, allow dùng dạng bịđộng để thay E.g : They let is go We were let go (We were allowed to go) To-infinitive & infinitive passive : (Động từ ngun mẫu có TO khơng TO) S + be + V3 / Ved + to-infinitive Các động từ mệnh lệnh, yêu cầu, cho phép, lời khuyên, lời mời,… dùng theo cấu trúc sau : ask, tell, request, advice, order, allow, invite E.g : He asked me to send a stamp I was asked to send a stamp They advised us to go early We were advised to go early Reporting verb with THAT clause : (Động từ tường thuật với mệnh dề THAT) Compiled by : DO HOANG PHUC ENGLISH EXERCISES THE PASSIVE VOICE Active : S1 + V1 + (that) S2 + V2 Passive : * It + be + (that) V3 / Ved + S2 + V2 * S2 + be + V3 / Ved + to + bare-infinitive have + V3 / Ved - - Mệnh đề that dùng làm tân ngữ cho động từ : allege, announce, hope, believe, claim, consider, expect, know, report, rumor, say, think,… Chỉ dùng perfect infinitive trường hợp sau MAIN CLAUSE THAT CLAUSE Present Simple Past Simple Present Simple Present Perfect Past Simple Past Perfect E.g : We know that he is an honest man the 19th century It is known that he is an honest man the 19th century He is known to be an honest man th 19 century They say that the castle was built in It is said that the castle was built in The castle is said to have been built in the Imperative form : (Mệnh lệnh cách) E.g : Turn off all the lights before leaving the workshop Let the lights be turned off before you leave the workshop All the lights must be turned off before you leave the workshop Note : Trong trường hợp câu mệnh lệnh có vế cần phải xem xét kĩ chủ ngữ vế, đối sang câubịđộng phải đổi kèm với chủ từ vế sau để tránh lỗi phân từ (dangling participial phrases) Active : Subject + have sb sth / get sb to sth Passive : Subject + have / get + sth done by sb Causative form : (Thể sai khiến) Thể sai khiến dùng để nói nhờ xếp cho làm việc cho E.g : I will get a mechanic to repair my car - I will get my car repaired by a mechanic The manager had his secretary type the document The manager had his document typed by the secretary Note : Người ta thường sử dụng cấu trúc bịđộng thể nhờ vả thể chủ động - Ngồi ra, cấu trúc have / get sth done dùng để nói điều khơng tốt đẹp xảy cho người hay vật E.g : The shops had its beautiful windows broken in a strong storm Mr Mai has just had her wallet stolen on the bus EXERCISES I A CAUSATIVE FORM Rewrite these sentences, using Causative Active Form : I asked Jack to polish my shoes Jack will ask the Mason to build his house They are going to tell us to play football She has told the maid to wash her clothes Tom has told the dentist to pull his decaying tooth 10 She told the police to catch the thief We shall ask John to give you this book He had a mechanic repair his car engine Mary often asks the postman to mail her letter I will ask the painter to paint my house soon 11 Mr Green has told the electrician to repair his electric fan Compiled by : DO HOANG PHUC ENGLISH EXERCISES THE PASSIVE VOICE 12 Alice is going to tell the manicurist to manicure her nails next Sunday 13 The actress will ask the photographer to take some photos 14 Mr Pikes asked his students to cut their hair every months 15 We must tell the painter to paint our room soon II Rewrite these sentences, using Causative Passive Form : The mother has had her daughter make a dress Did you have anyone paint the chair ? The boss has had the servant wash his car We have a carpenter make a desk Mrs Green had had May feed the cat Stepmother had Cinderella separate the rice from the husk Please have someone carry my luggage to the airport Mr Kim is going to have a tailor make a new shirt She is going to have the shoe-repairman mend her shoes 10 Mrs Smith is going to have an eye-specialist examine her eyes III 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Use the correct verb form : He has his shoes ………………… every day (shine) He gets his hair ………………… once a month (cut) We shall have those books ……………………… to you (bring) Maria had her landlord …………………… the broken windows before winter (fix) I’ll get a specialist ……………………… my health (check up) They are going to have their wedding card ………………… there (print) She got the post office ……………………… a telephone in his flat (install) Before we leave, let’s have Sally ……………… a map so we wouldn’t get lost (draw) She can’t always get her mother …………………… aloud to her (read) She can make any dogs …………………… her (obey) I called the company to have my telephone …………………… (change) They are going to have a new school …………………… (build) She had a street artist …………………… her portrait (paint) She got the dentist …………………… her decaying tooth (pull out) To please my son, I had his old bicycle …………………… (repair) Minh is getting his document ……………………… (type) I B THE PASSIVE VOICE Use the correct passive form of these verbs : An island ……………………… by water (cover) I ……………………… to the party last night but I didn’t come (invite) Many accidents …………………… by reckless driving (cause) A new dormitory …………………… in the university campus now (build) Thank goodness ! My jewelry …………………… in the robbery last night (steal / not) If I didn’t my job properly, I ………………………… (sack) The electric light bulb ……………………… by Thomas Edison (invent) Mickey Mouse cartoons …………………………… in sixty languages (translate) If it is foggy, that sport event …………………………… (cancel) Compiled by : DO HOANG PHUC ENGLISH EXERCISES 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 II THE PASSIVE VOICE The examinees …………………… the result of the examination next week (tell) This machine ……………………… for quite a long time (not use) The clever dog saved Lan and her family from …………………… in the typhoon (catch) I am looking forward to ……………………… fairly (treat) Nylon ……………………………… by an American chemist, Julian Hill in the 1930s (invent) How old is this tower ? It …………………………… to be over 600 years ago (believe) Teacher’s day …………………………………… largely since 1982 (celebrate) We are having our house ………………………… at the moment (paint) Some trees ……………………………… on the sidewalk at the moment (plant) My car has disappeared It ……………………………… by my brother (take) So as not ………………………………… by paparazzi, Angelina Jolie wore a veil (recognize) Rewrite these sentences : They say that she is the best singer in this town She They believe he will be the winner It People think that Tom stole food in the supermarket days ago Tom Someone reported that the situation was under control The situation It is said that she works 16 hours a day She Someone thinks that the company is planning a new advertising campaign The company Everyone expects that the soap opera will end next year It It is alleged that the man drove through the town at 90 miles an hour The man Someone believed that the President had suffered a heart attack The president 10 They think that the prisoners escaped by climbing over the wall The prisoners 11 It is reported that the buildings have been badly damaged by fire The buildings 12 It is reported that many people are homeless after the floods Many people 13 We all expected that Marta will pass the exam It 14 We knew that you are in town on the night of the crime You 15 People believe that he was killed by terrorists He III Change these sentences to the passive voice : Our neighbor ought to paint the garage I have to return these books to the library Someone will pay you in ten days Compiled by : DO HOANG PHUC ENGLISH EXERCISES THE PASSIVE VOICE They chose him as the best actor of the year The cat has broken many bowls and dishes Clement Clarke Moore wrote the poem “A Visit form Saint Nicholas” in 1823 Someone has already paid the electrician for his work The teacher always advises us to study harder on the second term People celebrate Tet round the last of January and the beginning of February They taught him French and gave him a dictionary 10 Nguyen Hue School will hold an English-speaking Contest next month 11 A man requested the stranger to leave the meeting 12 They have eaten all the dinner since they finished the conversation 20 Why didn’t they mend the roof before it fell in? 21 People said that the policeman soon died of cancer 22 People think that we are using too much electricity 23 Every year, Viet Nam exports millions of tons of rice 24 Vietnamese people celebrate their Lunar New Year Festival around January and February 25 Our teacher always advises us to study harder on the second term 26 The Library of Congress in the USA employs over 5000 employees 27 My mother is making “Special Chinese Fried Rice” in the kitchen now 28 Mr Tam is painting his pictures with his patience 29 They are planning to see a new film called “Ghost of Georgia” 30 They are broadcasting the World Cup soccer games all over the world 31 Mary is cutting the cupcake with a sharp knife 32 Bad weather has delayed flight 202 from Miami 33 They have celebrated the Teacher’s Day largely since 1982 34 Science and Technology have completely changed human’s life Compiled by : DO HOANG PHUC ENGLISH EXERCISES THE PASSIVE VOICE 35 People have built this building of bricks, stones and cement 36 Nga has typed the report about polluted environment for hours 37 Brothers Lazlo and George Biro invented the ballpoint pen 38 The boy broke the window and took away some money 39 Someone cut down the tree in the garden yesterday 40 The artist painted a huge pictures to raise fund for the poor children 41 Mai wrote some articles about the damage of 11th storm 42 Someone was making coffee while I walked into the kitchen 43 My father was fixing the electrical sockets at this time yesterday 44 SJC Company was holding the meeting while it began to rain 45 Mrs Green was mending the ladder at ten yesterday 46 The chief engineer was instructing all the workers of the plant 47 Mr Han is going to visit Hanoi on his work next week 48 This company will organize an art exhibition next month 49 Nguyen Hue School will hold the English-speaking contest on next Friday 50 Tom will return those books back to the library tomorrow 51 The postman will deliver newspaper to him next week 52 They can’t make tea in cold water They have to make tea in hold water 53 A sudden increase in water pressure may break the dam 54 You must clean the floor before you paint it 55 The girl has to decide to study law or pharmacy 56 People can’t learn a foreign language in this week 57 They make artificial flower of silk 58 Nick will bring the pizzas to our house 59 You can’t make tea in cold water Compiled by : DO HOANG PHUC ENGLISH EXERCISES THE PASSIVE VOICE 60 They are digging some holes in the garden 61 Did you receive your visa yesterday 62 Where will the company send you next year 63 He has spelt the word wrongly 64 She was doing the homework at yesterday 65 They were preparing the meals when I arrived home 66 The zookeeper feeds the animals at the zoo every day 67 Should they help Timothy with cooking dinner ? 68 The managers have copied the file since you left the company 69 They are going to steal your money if you are not careful 70 The thief broke the window and took away some pictures 71 For centuries, poets, writers and musicians have mentioned ao dai in poems, novels and songs 72 They are going to plant some flowers and plants in our school yard next week 73 Students in secondary school shouldn’t drive motorbikes at school 74 They had opened a new museum in this land before we came to live in Vietnam in 1999 75 People said that Michael Jackson died of using too much cocaine 76 Their boos made them work very hard until midnight 77 This is the first time they have written to us about this 78 How many lessons are you going to learn next month? 79 Someone had invented electric lights before I was born 80 People know that Japan produces a wide range of cars 81 Before they took exams they had revised their lessons 82 When he came home his father was reading a newspaper 83 My father will take me to Ho Chi Minh City next week 84 When I was 18 years old, my parents allowed me to go out in the evening Compiled by : DO HOANG PHUC ENGLISH EXERCISES THE PASSIVE VOICE 85 You were wearing your new hat when I met you yesterday 86 He is preparing everything for the presidential election 87 Last Friday, when I came to Jane’s house, she had finished all exercises 88 Countries are finding a way to solve the problem 89 He put the letter in the drawer, and then he locked it up 90 By the end of this year, we will have learnt 2,000 English words 91 Don’t ask for another book until you finish this one 92 Her father was planting different kinds of flowers in the garden 93 The Prime Minister is making a speech at the moment 94 How many days did she spend finishing the work? 95 The doctor pulled out one of my teeth yesterday morning 96 His wife usually brings him sandwiches at lunch time 97 The light went out while I was making a cup of tea 98 The students of chemistry made many experiments last week 99 For the past years, I have done all my washing by hand 100 A pair of robins has built a nest in the porch since last week Compiled by : DO HOANG PHUC ... strong storm Mr Mai has just had her wallet stolen on the bus EXERCISES I A CAUSATIVE FORM Rewrite these sentences, using Causative Active Form : I asked Jack to polish my shoes Jack will ask the... Active : Subject + have sb sth / get sb to sth Passive : Subject + have / get + sth done by sb Causative form : (Thể sai khiến) Thể sai khiến dùng để nói nhờ xếp cho làm việc cho E.g : I will... + object Ex : He was found in the forest by the police III SPECIAL CASES : (Các trường hợp đặc bi t) Questions : (Câu hỏi) E.g : Should we help Jane with the sewing ? Should Jane be helped