Unit 16-Language focus

Adverbial clauses of time...  From that time to the present • The present perfect is used in the the main clause.main clause.. Adverbial clauses and tensesFuture tenses in adverbial cla

Welcome to our class

What are you doing when I rang you last night?

I

I was having was having a bath when you you rangrang

me last night

Adverbial clauses

of time

WHILE, AS

During that time

* Adverb clause is in past progressive While I was walking home , it began to rain.

As I was walking home , it began to rain.

 From that time to the present

• The present perfect is used in the

the main clause.main clause

• I haven’t seen him since he left this morning

• I’ve known her ever since I was

a child

As long as

From the Beginning to the end

 I will never speak to him as long

as I live

 I will never speak to him so long

as I live

Whenever Every time

 Whenever I see her, I say hello.

 Every time I see her, I say hello.

The first time, the second

time…

 The first time that I went to New York, I went to an opera.

 I saw two plays the last time (that) I

went to New York.

 The next time (that)

I go to New York, I’m going to see a ballet.

Adverbial clauses and tenses

Future tenses in adverbial clauses:

Main clause conjunction Adverbial clause

S + V (simple present / present

perfect)

Ex 1: I ’ll wait here until they come back.

Ex 2: I will do it when I think fit.

Past tenses in adverbial clause of time:

Main clause Conjunction Adverbial clause

of time

S + V (simple

until before after

as soon as

S + V (simple past)

Ex 1: She said goodbye before she left.

Ex 2: We stayed here until we finished work.

Ex 3: My mother went home as soon as she finished work at

the office.

Main clause Conjunction Adverbial clause

of time

S + V (simple past) While

As

S + V (past continuous)

S + V (past

continuous)

S + V (past

Ex 1: The telephone rang while we were having dinner.

Ex 2: As I was walking home, it began to rain.

Ex 3: While I was cooking dinner, my husband was

Ex 4: He was talking on the phone when I arrived.

Ex: We haven’t met each other since

Ex1: She got the job after she had graduated from

university.

Ex2: She had left before he came

Ex 3: By the time he arrived , we had already

Activity 1: Join the pairs of sentences, using the words given in parentheses Use the correct punctuation and make changes in verb forms if

2 UNICEF will place an ad in the local paper for a

vacancy I will apply for the job (as soon as)

3 The WTO delegation left their hotel A suicide bomb

exploded (before)

4 The UNDP interviewer will return you call She’ll have some

free time (as soon as)

5 The TOEFL proctor delivered the test paper Examinees felt

nervous (while)

6 You will learn how to use computer You’ll be able to work

for an international company (once)

7 I won’t return this book to the library I’ll finish my research

project (until)

8 She dropped the papers She was leaving the office (as)

9 He will go to an interview He’ll remember to bring along his

resume with him (the next time)

10 The company announced the recruitment There were

over 500 applicants for the job (when)

2 UNICEF will place an ad in the local paper for a vacancy I will apply for the job (as soon as)

apply for the job

3 The WTO delegation left their hotel A suicide bomb exploded (before)

 BeforeBefore the TWO delegation left

their hotel, a suicide bomb had exploded

4 The UNDP interviewer will return you call She’ll have some free time (as soon as)

 The UNDP interviewer The UNDP interviewer will return

your call as soon as she has come free time

5 The TOEFL proctor delivered the test paper Examinees felt

nervous (while)

 WhileWhile the TOEFL proctor was

delivering the test paper, examinees felt nervous

6 You will learn how to use computer You’ll be able to work for an international company

(once)

 You You will learn how to use

computer once You are able to work for an international company

7 I won’t return this book to the library I’ll finish my research project (until)

 I I won’t return this book to the

library until I finish my research project

8 She dropped the papers She was leaving the office (as)

 She She dropped the papers as she

was leaving the office

9 He will go to an interview He’ll remember to bring along his

resume with him (the next time)

 The next timeThe next time he he goes to an

interview, he’ll remember to bring along his resume with him

10 The company announced the recruitment There were over 500 applicants for the job (when)

 WhenWhen the company announced

the recruitment, there were over

500 applicants for the job

Activity 3: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense

1. He’ll have to behave better when he (go) to

school

2. I (lend) you my cassette recorder whenever

you want it

3. Since they (get) married, they have moved the

house twice

4. After he (graduate) from university, he joined

the army

2 I (lend) you my cassette recorder

whenever you want it

 I I will lend you my cassette

recorder whenever you want it

3 Since they (get) married, they

have moved the house twice

 Since they Since they got married, they have

moved the house twice

4 After he (graduate) from

university, he joined the army

 After he After he had graduated from

university, he joined the army

Activity 4: Choose the suitable word / phrase to

complete each sentence

1 As it ………darker, it became colder.

A grew B is getting C had grown D will grow

2 The people were losing all their hope when help……….

A was arriving B arrived C would arrive D has arrived

3 By the time the rescue troops were allowed to enter the area, lots

of people………… of hunger and illness.

A have died B had died C died D die

4 They ………….dinner when everything began to shake and fell.

A were having B had C had had D has had

5 My brother only goes to bed after he……… all his homework.

A has finished B finished C had finished D will finish

1 As it ………darker, it became colder

 A grew B is getting

C had grown D will grow

2 The people were losing all their hope when help……….

A was arriving B arrived

C would arrive D has arrived

3 By the time the rescue troops were allowed to enter the area, lots of people………… of

hunger and illness

A have died B had died

C died D die

4 They ………….dinner when everything began to shake and fell.

A were having B had

5 My brother only goes to bed after he……… all his homework.

A has finished B finished

C had finished D will finish

Activity 5: Choose the most appropriate word /

phrase of time to complete each sentence

1 ………Viet Nam entered WTO, business conditions in the

country have changed greatly.

A Since B After C When D No sooner

2 ……….he’d had his dinner, he was feeling much better.

A While B Until C Once D Since

3 ……….he’d waited half an hour for her to come, he became tired

of her tardiness.

A After B Before C When D No sooner

4 He decided to call the police………he’d witnessed the car

accident.

A while B since C as soon as D until

5 ………….she sent her complaint letters to the company, they

never replied.

A While B When C After D Before

1 ………Viet Nam entered WTO, business conditions in the country have changed greatly

C When D No sooner

2 ……….he’d had his dinner, he was feeling much better.

3 ……….he’d waited half an hour for her to come, he became tired

of her tardiness

4 He decided to call the police………he’d witnessed the car accident.

C as soon as D until

5 ………….she sent her complaint letters to the company, they

never replied

- Learn the lesson

- Do task a (p.184) in the notebook

Thank you for your presence