CONDITIONALSENTENCES(CÂUĐIỀUKIỆN) Câu điều kiện có hai mệnh đề: mệnh đề (main clause) mệnh đề phụ (if clause) Muốn nhấn mạnh mệnh đề ta dặt đầu câu Có loại câu điều kiện sau: 1.Future possible (tương lai xãy ra) gọi câu điều kiện loại I *.Form: ((công thức) If -clause Main clause Simple present If + S + V / V (-s/es) *Chú í: *Ví dụ nè: Simple future , S + will / shall + V - Ở mệnh đề dùng can, may, must thay cho will, shall - Ở mệnh đề dung dạng mệnh lệnh If you learn hard, you will pass any examination Lan can speak English fluently if she practices every day Come to visit me if you have spare time 2.Present unreal (hiện khơng thật) gọi câu điều kiện loại II * Form: ((công thức) If -clause Main clause www.thuvienhoclieu.com Trang Simple past If + S + V-2 / V-ed (were cho tất ) Future in past , S + would + V Chú í: - dùng might, could thay cho would VD: I would tell you the answer if I knew it myself If she had time, she could go to the movie now ( thực tế, cô ta bận ta khơng được) • Khi dùng câu điều kiện loại này, ta phải hiểu ý trái lại 3.Past unreal (q khứ khơng thật) gọi câu điều kiện loại III * Form: ((công thức) If -clause Main clause Past perfect If + S + had + V-3 / V-ed Future in past , S + would have + V-3 / Ved Chú í: - dùng might, could thay cho would tùy theo nghĩa câu VD: I vould have spoken to Nam if I had seen him yesterday ( thực tế, hôm qua tơi tơi khơng thấy Nam khơng có nói chuyện) If he had tried hard last time, he could have succeeded ( thực tế, lần qua khơng cố gắng khơng thành cơng) • Khi dùng câu điều kiện loại này, ta phải hiểu ý trái lại • Xem kĩ nhé: unless = if…… not Unless you finish your homework, I will punish you (nếu bạn khơng hồn thành tập bạn, tơi phạt bạn đấy) PRACTICE I Correct the verbs 1.You will be ill if you (eat) _ so much I ( go) _if I had known the fact If he (be) _ my friend, I would be very glad If she were older, she (have) _ more sense If the dog had not woken us, we ( never hear ) _ the burglar He will be happy if he (study) _ overseas We (enjoy) _the play better if it had not been so long ’m sure Mary will well if she (enter) _ college They would it if they (can) _ 10 If the children (be) _, they can stay up late II Circle the best answer 1.If you not here, where would you like to be ? A was B were C be D are www.thuvienhoclieu.com Trang 2 We will be unhappy if you come A haven’t B don’t C have D didn’t If you somewhere else ,where would you like to be ? A have been B can be C are D could be 4.You must hurry If you , you’ll be late A won’t B C aren’t D don’t If I _ a lottery , I a new house A win / should build B won / should build C win / should have built D won/ should have built What you if you have a lot of money? A have B will C would D did If you this car , you would have to pay for it yourself A had bought B have bought C bought D buy What will you if you the final exam? A pass B passed C will pass D passes If you want to attend the course , you the coming written examination A will pass B passed C can pass D must pass 10.They will not over the job even if they’ve been able to A allow B receive C agree to take D agree to 11 If I were you , I that camera A haven’t bought B wouldn’t buy C won’t D didn’t buy 12 you work harder , you won’t be able to pass the exam A Unless B If C when D As 13 If it rain , we’ll have the party outside A didn’t B doesn’t C won’t D wouldn’t 14 If I here, I’d like to be in London A haven’t been B weren’t C am not D hadn’t been 15 If I a bird, I would be able to fly A were B am C is D are 16 Unless you understand, I explain it to you again A am B would C will D was 17 You should stay home if it A rain B rained C rains D raining 18 You’ll burn yourself if you aren’t A good B careful C kind D working hard 19 If anybody question, please ask me after class A have B have the C has D has a 20 If I somebody else, I’d like to be the teacher A must be B could be C would be D became 21 If people stop using dynamite for fishing, a lot of sea creatures A will be well preserve B will be well preserving C will preserve D will be well preserved 22 Liz would come to see you if she your address A has B having C have D had 23.If we hard, we’ll make this beach a clean and beautiful place again www.thuvienhoclieu.com Trang A will work B worked C have worked D work *24.“ It’s beginning to rain ” “ , we won’t be able to finish the ball game “ A Unless it stops B Should it stop C If it stops D If it didn’t stop *25 Yoko comes in half an hour, I will go alone A If B Because C When D Unless 26 “ My boss made me work overtime again ” “ If I were you, I my job” A quit B would quit C will quit D must quit 27 If I were you, I not that A would B will C may D should 28 If the weather fine, we will go on a camping trip A be B is C was D will 29 If I the day-off tomorrow, I would go on a trip to the mountains A can have B will have C have D had 30 We’ll get by train if we leave now A there fast enough B fast enough there C there enough fast D enough fast there II.Each sentence has a mistake.Identify it by choosing A,B,C or D 1.If you feel unwell , you shouldn’t stay in bed A B C D 2.We will get lost if we take a map A B C D 3.If the little girl knew how to it , her mother will be pleased A B C D There is no water in the house If there is , we could cook for dinner A B C D He doesn’t like chocolate If he does, he wouldn’t leave them all over the kitchen A B C D If there will be too much exhaust fume in the air, our breathing will be badly affected A B C D If we would have a large garden , we would plant a lot of flowers in it A B C D If you won’t study hard , you’ll fail the exam A B C D If he would speak more slowly , I could understand him A B C D 10 If you really want to get good grades , you had to study hard A B C D 11 If you will stay in bed and take enough medicine, the flu will certainly disappear A B C in three days D 12 If we will burn trash to reduce the amount of garbage , we will certainly polute A B C D www.thuvienhoclieu.com Trang the air 13 If you are captured by alines and taken aboard a spacecraft , what would you do? A B C D 14.Nam’ll get up early if he had an alarm clock A B C D 15 If you went to his office after 10 A.m., You will see him A B C D 16 If you went to the wedding last night, you would have seen her A B C D 17 If I were on the moon now, I will tidy up the junk that has been left there A B C D 18 If you listen to music , you can not concentrate on your works A B C D 19 If a lizard loses its tails, a new one grows to replace it A D C D 20 If she wants to be an architect , she has work hard at university A B C D III Choose one sentence that has the same meaning as the root one 1.Unless he apologizes , I’ll never invite him here again A If he doesn’t apologizes , I’ll never invite him here again B If he doesn’t apologize , I’ll invite him here again C If he didn’t apologize , I’d never invite him here again D If he apologizes , I’ll never invite him here again I’m not a millionaire , so I can’t buy you a plane A If I am a millionaire , I will buy you a plane B If I were a millionaire , I would buy you a plane C If you were a millionaire , I would buy your plane D If I buy a plane , I’ll become a millionaire If you don’t study harder , you will surely fail the next exam Unless A You don’t study harder , you will surely fail the next exam B You study hard , you will pass the exam C You study hard , you will surely fail the next exam D You study hard , you won’t surely fail the next exam 4.I will marry her and I don’t care how old she is No matter A How old is she , I will marry her B I don’t care how old she is , I will marry her C.How old she is , I will marry her D How she is old, Iwill marry her They didn’t follow the map , so they got lost If A They didn’t follow the map , they wouldn’t get lost B They followed the map , they wouldn’t get lost C They hadn’t followed the map , they wouldn’t have got lost www.thuvienhoclieu.com Trang D They had followed the map , they wouldn’t have got lost Unless he phone her immediately , he won’t get information If A He doesn’t phone her immediately , he won’t get information B He phones her immediately , he won’t get any information C He doesn’t phone her immediately , he will get any information D He doesn’t phone her immediately , he gets any information The children will go swimming if it is sunny A It isn’t rainy, the children will go swimming B It is rainy, the children will go swimming C It is sunny, the children will go swimming D It is rainy, the children won’t go swimming If motorists were to drive carefully, they would have fewer accidents A Motorists are not careful and there are many accidents B Motorists are careful and yet there are many accidents C Motorists are not careful and yet there are few accidents D Motorists are care ful and there are few accidents Mary didn’t wear the raincoat, so she got a cold A If Mary wore the raincoat, she wouldn’t get a cold B If Mary had wore the raincoat, she didn’t get a cold C If Mary had worn the raincoat, she wouldn’t have got a cold D If Mary has worn the raincoat, she won’t have got a cold 10 I didn’t listen to him, and I didn’t succeed A If I listened to him, I would succeed B If I had listened to him, I would succeed C If I listened to him, I would have succeeded D If I had listened to him, I would have succeeded 11 I lost my key, so I had to wait in the snow A If I hadn’t lost my key, I wouldn’t have had to wait in the snow B If I didn’t lose my key, I wouldn’t have to wait in the snow C If I hadn’t lost my key, I wouldn’t have to wait in the snow D If I didn’t lose my key, I wouldn’t have had to wait in the snow 12 The picnic was cancelled because it rained A If it didn’t rain, the picnic wouldn’t be cancelled B If it hadn’t rained, the picnic wouldn’t have been cancelled C If it didn’t rain, the picnic wouldn’t have been cancelled D If it hadn’t rained, the picnic wouldn’t be cancelled 13 Susan felt sick because she ate four cream cakes A If Susan ate four cream cakes, she would feel sick B If Susan eats four cream cakes so she feels sick C If Susan hadn’t eaten four cream cakes, she wouldn’t feel sick D If Susan hadn’t eaten four cream cakes, she wouldn’t have felt sick 14 Unless the presentation is ready soon, we’ll have to back out of the project A We’ll get the project back if the proposal is ready soon www.thuvienhoclieu.com Trang B If we don’t complete the presentation, we’ll lose the project C The president is ready to back the project we presented D We will have to start the project before the presentation is done 15 Mary doesn’t buy this shirt because she doesn’t have enough money now A If Mary has enough money, she would buy this shirt B If Mary had enough money, she would buy this shirt C Mary would have bought this shirt if she has had enough money D Mary would have bought this shirt if she had had enough money 16 If the weather is fine, we’ll go hiking this weekend A If the weather is not fine, we still go hiking this weekend B We’ll go hiking this weekend if the weather is bad C We won’t go hiking this weekend if the weather is bad D Although the weather is not fine, we will go hiking this weekend 17 If you work hard, you will pass the exam A If you don’t work hard, you won’t fail the exam B Unless you work hard, you don’t pass the exam C You will pass the exam unless you work hard D Unless you work hard, you will fail the exam 18 She doesn’t work hard, so she doesn’t get good marks A If she worked hard, she would get good marks B If she has worked hard, she got good marks C If she works hard, she would get good marks D If she works hard, she won’t get good marks 19 If you are a good child, you always receive gifts on Easter Day A Unless you are not a good child, you always receive gifts on Easter Day B Unless you are not a good child, you don’t always receive gifts on Easter Day C Unless you are a good child, you always receive gifts on Easter Day D Unless you are a good child, you don’t always receive gifts on Easter Day www.thuvienhoclieu.com Trang ... ( thực tế, cô ta bận cô ta khơng được) • Khi dùng câu điều kiện loại này, ta phải hiểu ý trái lại 3.Past unreal (q khứ khơng thật) gọi câu điều kiện loại III * Form: ((công thức) If -clause Main... time, he could have succeeded ( thực tế, lần qua không cố gắng khơng thành cơng) • Khi dùng câu điều kiện loại này, ta phải hiểu ý trái lại • Xem kĩ nhé: unless = if…… not Unless you finish your