The Great Depression U P DATED EDITION EY E W I T N E S S H I S TO RY The Great Depression U P DATED EDITION David F Burg The Great Depression, Updated Edition Copyright © 2005, 1996 by David F Burg Graphs copyright © 2005 by Infobase Publishing All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval systems, without permission in writing from the publisher For information contact: Facts On File, Inc An imprint of Infobase Publishing 132 West 31st Street New York NY 10001 ISBN-10: 0-8160-5709-5 ISBN-13: 978-0-8160-5709-2 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Burg, David F The Great Depression / by David F Burg — Updated ed p cm —(Eyewitness history) Includes bibliographical references (p ) and index ISBN 0-8160-5709-5 (acid free paper) United States—History—1933–1945—Juvenile literature United States—History— 1919–1933—Juvenile literature Depressions—1920—United States—Personal narratives— Juvenile literature New Deal, 1933–1939—Personal narratives—Juvenile literature I Title II Series E806.B9 2005 973.91—dc22 2004029126 Facts On File books are available at special discounts when purchased in bulk quantities for businesses, associations, institutions or sales promotions Please call our Special Sales Department in New York at 212/967-8800 or 800/322-8755 You can find Facts On File on the World Wide Web at http://www.factsonfile.com Text design by Joan M.Toro Cover design by Cathy Rincon Graphs by Sholto Ainslie Printed in the United States of America VB JT 10 This book is printed on acid-free paper In memory of Laura Roth Johnson and Floris Johnson Burg NOTE ON PHOTOS Many of the illustrations and photographs used in this book are old, historical images The quality of the prints is not always up to modern standards, as in some cases the originals are damaged.The content of the illustrations, however, made their inclusion important despite problems in reproduction CONTENTS Preface to the First Edition Preface to the Updated Edition Acknowledgments Introduction xi xiii xv xvii Prelude to Crisis: 1919–1928 Fateful Year on Wall Street: 1929 The Failure of Optimism: 1930–1933 The First New Deal: 1933–1934 The Second New Deal: 1935–1936 Storms Gather Abroad: 1937–1938 The Emerging War: 1939–1941 41 60 103 146 187 241 Appendix A: Documents Appendix B: Biographies of Major Personalities Appendix C: Graphs and Charts Bibliography Index 313 349 397 410 427 ... Cataloging-in-Publication Data Burg, David F The Great Depression / by David F Burg — Updated ed p cm — (Eyewitness history) Includes bibliographical references (p ) and index ISBN 0-8 16 0-5 70 9-5 (acid... writing from the publisher For information contact: Facts On File, Inc An imprint of Infobase Publishing 132 West 31st Street New York NY 10001 ISBN-10: 0-8 16 0-5 70 9-5 ISBN-13: 97 8-0 -8 16 0-5 70 9-2 Library... the questionnaire or other instrument used to gather data, and the formulas the analyst applies to the data, not to mention the final “massaging” the analyst performs A thesis may prescribe outcomes