...SO + ADJ + THAT → TOO + ADJ + FOR...+ TO_INF ...SUCH + (A + ADJ) + N + THAT ADJ + ENOUGH + FOR ...TO_INF The jacket is so small that I can’t wear it. → The jacket is too small for me to wear. So + adj + that (clause) Such + (aan adj) noun + that (clause) eg: The box was so heavy that the children couldn’t carry it > It was such a heavy box that the children couldn’t carry it TOO + ADJ + FOR...+ TO_INF ↔ ADJ + ENOUGH + FOR ...TO_INF The tea was too hot for her to drink. ↔ The tea was not cold enough for her to drink. ...SO + ADJ + THAT ↔ ...SUCH + (A + ADJ) + N + THAT It is such lovely weather that we spend the whole day in the garden. → The weather is so lovely that we spend the whole day in the garden. Lưu ý đôi khi còn có thể gặp đảo ngữ: So lovely is the weather that we spend the whole day in the garden. ALTHOUGHTHOUGH + CLAUSE ... (Mặc dù.....nhƣng....) ↔ DESPITE IN SPITE OF + NV_ingTHE FACT THAT + CLAUSE Although his leg was broken, he managed to get out of his car. → In spite of Despite his broken leg his leg being broken, he managed to get out of his car. → In spite of Despite the fact that his leg was broken, he managed to get out of his car. BECAUSE + CLAUSE ↔ BECAUSE OF + (ADJ) + N (Bởi vì....) Because she behaves well, everybody loves her. ↔ Because of her good behaviour, everybody loves her. IF..................NOT.......... = UNLESS................. (Nếu không.....thì Trừ phi.........) He’ll die if nobody brings him to hospital. ↔ Unless somebody brings him to hosital, he’ll die. (Anh ấy sẽ chết nếu không có ai đưa tới bệnh viện Trừ phi có người đưa anh ấy đến bệnh viện, anh ấy sẽ chết) REAL PAST SITUATION ↔ IF + PAST PERFECT (điều kiện có thật ở quá khứ) (câu điều kiện loại 3) We didn’t go on holiday because we didn’t have enough money. ↔ If we had had enough money, we wouldcould have gone on holiday. Mẹo: Tình huống được đưa ra ở hiện tại, kết quả ở hiện tạitương lai thì chuyển sang ĐIỀU KIỆN LOẠI 2. Tình huống đưa ra ở quá khứ, kết quả ở quá khứ thì chuyển sang ĐIỀU KIỆN LOẠI 3. Cũng có thể gặp dạng CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN TRỘN nếu tình huống đưa ra ở quá khứ và kết quả ở hiện tại. a) I cant see the play because it is solded out > If the play weren’t solded out, I could see it. (nếu vở kịch ko bị bán hết vé (hiện tại), tôi có thể xem nó. (IF ONLYI WISH the play weren’t sold out) b) We didn’t go on holiday because we didn’t have enough money > If we had had enough money, we would have gone on holiday (Nếu chúng tôi đã có đủ tiền, chúng tôi đã có thể đi nghỉ mát) PAST SITUATION ↔ WISH + HAD + PP FUTURE WOULD + INF (Điều kiện có thật ở hiện tạiquá khứ tương lai > ước..........) I am sorry that I didn’t go to the library last Sunday. (Tôi tiếc không đi tới thư viện chủ nhật trước) ↔ I wish that I had gone to the party last Sunday. (Tôi ước chủ nhật trước đã không đi tới thư viện) 1. “ Why don’t you put better lock on the door,Barbara”? said John > John suggested.................................................................................................. 2. Although his both legs were broken in the crash, he managed to get out of the car before it exploded. > Despite his........................................................................................................ 3. I haven’t eaten this kind of food before. > This is the first............................................................................................ 4. After fighting the fire for 12 hours the firemen succeeded in putting it out .>The firemen manged..................................................................................... 5. The architect has drawn plans for an extentionto the house. >Plans............................................................................................................... 6. In StafordonAvon we saw Shakespeare’s birthplace .>We saw the house........................................................................................ 7. It isn’t necessary for you to finish by Saturday .>You.................................................................................................................. 8. “ How many survivors are there?”, asked the journalist. > the journalist wanted to know........................................................................ 9. It was such rotten meat that it had to be thrown away. =>The meat was................................................................. 10. It is essential that Profesor Van Helsing is met at the airport .=> Profesor Van Helsing...... .......................................................................... 11. You can’t visit the USA unless you get a visa. =>If you................................................................. 12. “ Can I borrow your typewriter,Janet”? asked Peter. =>Peter asked if.... ................................................................... 13. She started working as a secretary five years ago. =>She has....... ....................................................................... 14. She knows a lot more about it than I do. =>I don’t know............ ................................................................... 15. My French friend finds driving on the left difficult .=> My French friend isn’t............................................................................ 16. They think the owner of the house is abroad. 2 => The owner ............................................................................. 17. We didn’t go on holiday because we did not have enough money .=>If we............................ ..................................................................... 18.The children couldn’t go swimming because the sea was rough. =>The sea was too.. ................................................................................................ 19. What a pity you failed your driving test. => I wish.................. 20. The mechanic seviced my car last week .=> I............................................................................................ 21. I’m always nervous when I travel by air. => Travelling............ ............................................................................................ 22. He couldn’t efford to buy the car, =>The car............... ............................................................................................ 23. “Why don’t you put your luggage under the seat?” he asked =>He suggested...................................... 24. Although he had a good salary, he was unhappy in his job. => In spite of............................................................................................ 25. I’m sorry I missed your birthday party .=>I wish......................... 26. They haven’t cleaned the streets this week. =>The streets................ 27. Apples are usually cheaper than oranges. =>Apple are not................... 28. I advice you to put your money in the bank. =>You’d........................ 29. That restaurant is so dirty that no one wants to eat there. => It is such......................................... 30. He was annoyed because his secretary came late ti work. =>He objected.... ............................................................................................. 31. I’ll pick the children up if you like. =>Would you..................................... 32. He objected to the fact that his secretary came to work late .=>He was annoyed............................... 33. Tom is the most industious pupil. => No other pupil................. 34. When did they buy the house? => How long is it ................ 35. She isn’t accustomed to life in London .=>She’s not used to....................... 36. “Don’t forget to phone the office,”she told him. =>She reminded................... 37. I’m afraid I haven’t got time to listen to you. 3 => I wish ............................................................. 38. The police has just released John. =>John.............. ............................................................................................ 39. I couldn’t hear them because they were speaking too softly .=> They were speaking......... 40. We spent 5 hours getting to London. =>It took........ 41. I get to work in 20 minutes. =>It .................. 42. It is necessary that this work be finished by Monday. =>This work........ 43. It’s a pity I didn’t take my doctor’s advice. =>I wish............... 44. The bread is so tale we can’t eat it. => The bread isn’t.......... 45. Who does this bag belong to? =? Whose........ 46. My boyfriend is very shorttempered. =>My boyfriend loses.......... 47. You can use it as long as you like, and it won’t wear out. =>No matter........ ............................................................................................ 48. If the work is finished by lunchtime you can go home. =>Get......... ............................................................................................ 49. How have you been getting on with your enquiries? =>How much............ 50.I gave Ted the massage, but he already knew about it .=>I needn’t......... 51. The trains couldn’t run because of the snow. The snow……………………………………………………………… 52. I didn’t arrived in time to see him. I wasn’t early…………………………………………………………. 53. I’m sorry I was rude to you yesterday. I apologise…………………………………………………………….. 54. She didn’t hurry, so she missed the train. If………………………………………………………………………. 55. Barbara is the best tennisplayer in the club. No one………………………………………………………………… 56. I haven’t seen that man here before. It’s…………………………………………………………………….. 57. The furniture was so expensive that I didn’t buy it. The furniture was too…………………………………………………. 58. The robbers made the bank manager hand over on the money. The bank manager……………………………………………………..
S + BE + ADJ + TO_INF I am happy to see you here S + BE + ADJ + CLAUSE I’m sorry (that) you can’t come (Tôi tiếc bạn đến được.) S + BE/V + TOO + ADJ/ADV + (FOR + O) + TO_INF ( nên ) S + BE/V + ADJ/ADV + ENOUGH + (FOR + O) + TO_INF ( đủ để làm ) Tom is old enough to go to school (Tom đủ tuổi để học) IT + BE + ADJ + (FOR + O) + TO_INF It is important for everybody to know English (Mọi người biết Tiếng Anh quan trọng) IT + BE + ADJ + THAT _ CLAUSE It is splendid that you passed the exam IT + BE + ADJ + OF + O + TO_INF It’s kind of you to help me (Bạn thật tử tế giúp tôi) IT + BE + ADJ + THAT + S + (SHOULD) + BARE INF It’s necessary that we (should) study English regularly (Thật cần thiết học tiếng Anh thường xuyên) IT WAS NOT UNTIL THAT (Mãi .mới ) It was not until midnight that the noise next door stopped (Mãi đến nửa đêm tiếng ồn trước nhà hết) S + BE/GET + USED TO + N/V_ing (Quen với) I am used to staying up late I am used to the heat because I have been living here for a long time S + USED TO + BARE INF ( ) He used to have a long hair (Anh để tóc dài) IT + TAKES/TOOK/WILL TAKE/ HAS TAKEN + (O) + TIME + TO_INF (Ai thời gian để làm gì) It takes him thirty minutes to write a letter It took me two hours to repair the computer last night S + HAVE/GET + O(st) + PP (Nhờ làm việc gì) S + HAVE + O(so) + BARE INF = S + GET + O(so) + TO_INF We are going to have/get our car repaired next week (Chúng nhờ người sửa xe cho chúng tôi) I have my brother repair my bike/ I get my brother to repair my bike (Tôi nhờ anh sửa xe đạp cho tôi) SO + ADJ/ADV + THAT = SUCH + (A/AN) + ADJ + N + THAT ( .đến nỗi ) The film was so good that I saw it three times (bộ phim hay xem lần) It was such a hard cake that he couldn’t eat it (Đó bánh rắn anh ăn được) AFTER + S1 + PAST PERFECT + S2 + SIMPLE PAST After I had entered the house, it began to rain (Sau tơi vào nhà trời bắt đầu mưa) S1 + V + THAT + S2 + (SHOULD) + BARE INF We insist that a meeting (should) be held as soon as possible (Chúng nài nỉ họp tổ chức sớm tốt) S1 + WISH + (THAT) + S2 + PAST/PAST PERFECT/WOULD INF I wish I knew English well (Câu ước tại) I wish hat I had gone to the party last Sunday (câu ước khứ) I wish I could go to England some day (câu ước tại, tương lai) S1 + PRESENT PERFECT + SINCE + S2 + SIMPLE PAST He has worked as a pilot since he left university (Anh làm phi công từ anh học xong đại học) IT IS + TIME + SINCE + S + SIMPLE PAST (Đã kể từ ) It is over six months since John last had his hair cut (Đã tháng kể từ John cắt tóc) IT + BE + PHRASE + THAT CLAUSE (chính ) It is the manager, not his assistant, that I want to see (Chính ơng quản lí, khơng phải người phụ tá ông ấy, người muốn gặp) NEITHER + S1 + NOR + S2 + V (cả lẫn không ) (động từ chia theo chủ ngữ đứng sau “nor”) Neither my brother nor I am good at French /Neither I nor my brother is good at French (Cả anh không giỏi tiếng Pháp) NOT ONLY BUT ALSO / BUT AS WELL (Khơng mà ) He not only spent all his money but also borrowed some from me (Không anh tiêu hết tiền mà mượn tôi) S1 + HAD + NO SOONER + PP + THAN + S2 + SIMPLE PAST S1 + HAD + HARDLY/SCARELY + PP + WHEN + S2 + SIMPLE PAST ( vừa ) I had no sooner opened the door than the telephone rang (Tôi vừa mở cửa vào điện thoại reo) I had scarely closed the door when somebody started to knock (Tơi vừa đóng cửa có gõ cửa) NO SOONER + HAD + S + PP + THAN + S + SIMPLE PAST HARDLY/SCARELY + HAD + S + PP + WHEN + S + SIMPLE PAST No sooner had he arrived than he was asked to leave again NO MATER HOW + ADJ/ADV + S + V , (Dù ) No matter how intelligent you may be, you should be careful about this (Dù bạn thơng minh bạn nên cẩn thận điều này) PREFER + V_ing/N + TO + V_ing/N = PREFER + TO_INF + RATHER THAN + BARE INF = WOULD RATHER + BARE INF + THAN + BARE INF = WOULD RATHER + BARE INF + O1 + THAN + O2 = LIKE + V_ing/N + BETTER THAN + V_ing/N (cả mẫu câu có nghĩa “thích hơn”) Tom prefers reading to talking (Tom thích đọc nói) Tom would rather read than talk (Tom thích đọc nói) Tom likes reading better than talking (Tom thích đọc nói) II/ SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION TO_INF + BE + ADJ → IT + BE + ADJ + TO_INF IT + BE + ADJ + G HOW + ADJ + (IT + BE) + TO_INF To sit here with you is so nice → It’s so nice to sit here with you → It’s so nice sitting here with you → How nice (it is) to sit here with you (Ngồi với bạn thật tuyệt) TO_INF + BE + ADJ/N → S + V + IT + ADJ/N + TO_INF To be there on time is important → I find it important to be there on time (Tơi nhận thấy có mặt quan trọng) Living on my salary must be hard > I find it hard to live on my salary (Tơi thấy khó sống dựa lương mình) THAT CLAUSE + BE + ADJ → S + V + IT + ADJ + THAT CLAUSE That we should keep calm is important → I think it important that we should keep calm (Quan trọng phải giữ bình tĩnh) .SUCH + (A + ADJ) + N + THAT The tea was too hot for me to drink (Trà nóng q tơi khơng thể uống) → The tea was so hot that I couldn’t drink it (Trà nóng tơi khơng thể uống được) → It was such hot tea that I couldn’t drink it (Đõ tách trà nóng k thể uống đc) It is time for S.b to S.th = it's time that S.b did smth eg: It's very high time for you to go now > It's very high time that you went now (Lưu ý đơi gặp IT WAS TIME vế đằng sau em phải chia thành had done – lùi phải ko nào?) ADJ + ENOUGH + FOR TO_INF → SO + ADJ + THAT SUCH + (A + ADJ) + N + THAT This song is simple enough for all of us to sing (Bài hát đủ đơn giản để tất hát) → This song is so simple that all of us can sing it (Bài hát đơn giản tất hát được) → It is such a simple song that all of us can sing it .SO + ADJ + THAT → TOO + ADJ + FOR + TO_INF SUCH + (A + ADJ) + N + THAT ADJ + ENOUGH + FOR TO_INF The jacket is so small that I can’t wear it → The jacket is too small for me to wear So + adj + that (clause) Such + (a/an adj) noun + that (clause) eg: The box was so heavy that the children couldn’t carry it > It was such a heavy box that the children couldn’t carry it TOO + ADJ + FOR + TO_INF ↔ ADJ + ENOUGH + FOR TO_INF The tea was too hot for her to drink ↔ The tea was not cold enough for her to drink .SO + ADJ + THAT ↔ SUCH + (A + ADJ) + N + THAT It is such lovely weather that we spend the whole day in the garden → The weather is so lovely that we spend the whole day in the garden Lưu ý đơi gặp đảo ngữ: So lovely is the weather that we spend the whole day in the garden ALTHOUGH/THOUGH + CLAUSE (Mặc dù nhƣng ) ↔ DESPITE/ IN SPITE OF + N/V_ing/THE FACT THAT + CLAUSE Although his leg was broken, he managed to get out of his car → In spite of/ Despite his broken leg/ his leg being broken, he managed to get out of his car → In spite of/ Despite the fact that his leg was broken, he managed to get out of his car BECAUSE + CLAUSE ↔ BECAUSE OF + (ADJ) + N (Bởi ) Because she behaves well, everybody loves her ↔ Because of her good behaviour, everybody loves her IF NOT = UNLESS (Nếu khơng thì/ Trừ phi .) He’ll die if nobody brings him to hospital ↔ Unless somebody brings him to hosital, he’ll die (Anh chết khơng có đưa tới bệnh viện/ Trừ phi có người đưa anh đến bệnh viện, anh chết) REAL PAST SITUATION ↔ IF + PAST PERFECT (điều kiện có thật khứ) (câu điều kiện loại 3) We didn’t go on holiday because we didn’t have enough money ↔ If we had had enough money, we would/could have gone on holiday Mẹo: Tình đưa tại, kết tại/tương lai chuyển sang ĐIỀU KIỆN LOẠI Tình đưa khứ, kết khứ chuyển sang ĐIỀU KIỆN LOẠI Cũng gặp dạng CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN TRỘN tình đưa khứ kết a) I can't see the play because it is solded out > If the play weren’t solded out, I could see it (nếu kịch ko bị bán hết vé (hiện tại), tơi xem (IF ONLY/I WISH the play weren’t sold out) b) We didn’t go on holiday because we didn’t have enough money -> If we had had enough money, we would have gone on holiday (Nếu chúng tơi có đủ tiền, chúng tơi nghỉ mát) PAST SITUATION ↔ WISH + HAD + PP FUTURE WOULD + INF (Điều kiện có thật tại/quá khứ/ tương lai -> ước ) I am sorry that I didn’t go to the library last Sunday (Tôi tiếc không tới thư viện chủ nhật trước) ↔ I wish that I had gone to the party last Sunday (Tôi ước chủ nhật trước không tới thư viện) “ Why don’t you put better lock on the door,Barbara”? said John > John suggested Although his both legs were broken in the crash, he managed to get out of the car before it exploded > Despite his I haven’t eaten this kind of food before > This is the first After fighting the fire for 12 hours the firemen succeeded in putting it out >The firemen manged The architect has drawn plans for an extentionto the house >Plans In Staford-on-Avon we saw Shakespeare’s birthplace >We saw the house It isn’t necessary for you to finish by Saturday >You “ How many survivors are there?”, asked the journalist > the journalist wanted to know It was such rotten meat that it had to be thrown away =>The meat was 10 It is essential that Profesor Van Helsing is met at the airport => Profesor Van Helsing 11 You can’t visit the USA unless you get a visa =>If you 12 “ Can I borrow your typewriter,Janet”? asked Peter =>Peter asked if 13 She started working as a secretary five years ago =>She has 14 She knows a lot more about it than I =>I don’t know 15 My French friend finds driving on the left difficult => My French friend isn’t 16 They think the owner of the house is abroad => The owner 17 We didn’t go on holiday because we did not have enough money =>If we 18.The children couldn’t go swimming because the sea was rough =>The sea was too 19 What a pity you failed your driving test => I wish 20 The mechanic seviced my car last week .=> I 21 I’m always nervous when I travel by air => Travelling 22 He couldn’t efford to buy the car, =>The car 23 “Why don’t you put your luggage under the seat?” he asked =>He suggested 24 Although he had a good salary, he was unhappy in his job => In spite of 25 I’m sorry I missed your birthday party =>I wish 26 They haven’t cleaned the streets this week =>The streets 27 Apples are usually cheaper than oranges =>Apple are not 28 I advice you to put your money in the bank =>You’d 29 That restaurant is so dirty that no one wants to eat there => It is such 30 He was annoyed because his secretary came late ti work =>He objected 31 I’ll pick the children up if you like =>Would you 32 He objected to the fact that his secretary came to work late =>He was annoyed 33 Tom is the most industious pupil => No other pupil 34 When did they buy the house? => How long is it 35 She isn’t accustomed to life in London =>She’s not used to 36 “Don’t forget to phone the office,”she told him =>She reminded 37 I’m afraid I haven’t got time to listen to you => I wish 38 The police has just released John =>John 39 I couldn’t hear them because they were speaking too softly => They were speaking 40 We spent hours getting to London =>It took 41 I get to work in 20 minutes =>It 42 It is necessary that this work be finished by Monday =>This work 43 It’s a pity I didn’t take my doctor’s advice =>I wish 44 The bread is so tale we can’t eat it => The bread isn’t 45 Who does this bag belong to? =? Whose 46 My boyfriend is very short-tempered =>My boyfriend loses 47 You can use it as long as you like, and it won’t wear out =>No matter 48 If the work is finished by lunchtime you can go home =>Get 49 How have you been getting on with your enquiries? =>How much 50.I gave Ted the massage, but he already knew about it =>I needn’t 51 The trains couldn’t run because of the snow The snow……………………………………………………………… 52 I didn’t arrived in time to see him I wasn’t early………………………………………………………… 53 I’m sorry I was rude to you yesterday I apologise…………………………………………………………… 54 She didn’t hurry, so she missed the train If……………………………………………………………………… 55 Barbara is the best tennis-player in the club No one………………………………………………………………… 56 I haven’t seen that man here before It’s…………………………………………………………………… 57 The furniture was so expensive that I didn’t buy it The furniture was too………………………………………………… 58 The robbers made the bank manager hand over on the money The bank manager…………………………………………………… 59 Tom learned to drive when he was nineteen Tom has……………………………………………………………… 60 She had never been so unhappy before She was unhappier…………………………………………………… 61 It was so late that nothing could be done It was too…………………………………………………………… 62 I asked the hotel porter to wake me at o’clock the following morning “Please……………………………………………………………… 63 They’ll have to change the date of the meeting again The date……………………………………………………………… 64 The garage is going to repair the car for us next week We are going ………………………………………………………… 65 The bus take s longer than the train The train……………………………………………………………… 66 John has not had his hair cut for over six months It is…………………………………………………………………… 67 Maria says she’d like to have been put in a higher class Maria wishes………………………………………………………… 68 Would you like me to finish the work tonight? I’ll…………………………………………………………………… 69 You may get hungry on the train, so take some sandwiches In……………………………………………………………………… 70 My husband didn’t leave the car keys, so I couldn’t pick him up at the station If my husband………………………………………………………… 71 “I don’t think John will come”, said Bill Bill doubted…………………………………………………………… 72 The postman was bitten by our dog Our dog………………………………………………………………… 73 We couldn’t drive because of the fog The fog prevented……………………………………………………… 74 Although his leg was broken he managed to get out of the car In spite………………………………………………………………… 75 The cake was so hard so I couldn’t cat it It was…………………………………………………………………… 76 We didn’t go because it rained If it hadn’t……………………………………………………………… 77 I can’t cook as well as my mother does My mother……………………………………………………………… 78 I don’t suppose you have change for a pound, you? Do you happen…………………………………………………………… 79 He failed to win the race He didn’t 80 Mary rang hours and hourd ago It’s hours………………………………………………………………… 81 I’m sorry that I didn’t finish my homework last night I wish…………………………………………………………………… 82 She asked Michael how she liked her new dress “How…………………………………………………………………… 83 A train leaves at o’clock every morning There is………………………………………………………………… 84 Nobody can deny that she has a beautiful voice It………………………………………………………………………… 85 I would like you t help me to put the chairs away Do you mind…………………………………………………………… 86 The child will die if nobody sends for a doctor Unless…………………………………………………………………… 87 He would prefer you to pay him immediately He’d rather……………………………………………………………… 88 The water was so cold that the children couldn’t swim in it The water was not 89 Somebody repaired her car yesterday She 90 You must see the manager tomorrow morning You’ve 91 There was never any answers when we rang Every 92 That’s an insulting name to use for him Don’t call 93 John asked if it was the blue one or the green she wanted Which 94 She liked Paris very little, and Rome less She thought Rome 95 I can meet you if you arrive before eleven So 96 They will catch all the prisoners again by tonight All the prisoners 97 I’ve warned you not go to near that dog I’ve warned you about 98 No, please don’t tell him I’d rather 99 Why don’t asked her yourself? I suggest 100 An up-to-date visa is necessary for Andorra You’ll ... (Chúng nài nỉ họp tổ chức sớm tốt) S1 + WISH + (THAT) + S2 + PAST/PAST PERFECT/WOULD INF I wish I knew English well (Câu ước tại) I wish hat I had gone to the party last Sunday (câu ước khứ) I wish... 35 She isn’t accustomed to life in London =>She’s not used to 36 “Don’t forget to phone the office, ”she told him =>She reminded 37 I’m afraid I haven’t got time to listen to you => I wish... you been getting on with your enquiries? =>How much 50.I gave Ted the massage, but he already knew about it =>I needn’t 51 The trains couldn’t run because of the snow The snow………………………………………………………………