tu vung trong writing va speaking

TỪ VỰNG DIỄN ĐẠT TỪ VỰNG CHỦ ĐIỂM By Tu Pham – Head Teacher at IPP IELTS www.ippeduca9on.vn TỪ VỰNG DIỄN ĐẠT •  Ngun nhân – Hệ quả (Cause – Effect) (*) •  Giải pháp (SoluAons) •  Lợi ích & Hạn chế (Pros and Cons) •  Ngôn ngữ Chủ quan & Khách quan (SubjecAve – ObjecAve) •  Ngôn ngữ Quan điểm cá nhân mạnh & Yếu (Strong Opinion – Weak Opinion) Nguyên nhân – Hệ •  Sự việc A gây ra sự việc B •  Một nguyên nhân của sự việc B là … •  Hệ quả của sự việc A là … •  Tác động của sự việc A tới sự việc B •  Một số cách diễn đạt nâng cao Sự việc A gây việc B •  A causes B •  Global warming causes the melAng of icebergs •  A leads to B •  UrbanisaAon leads to a higher rate of crime •  A results in B •  OverpopulaAon result in various social problems •  A is conducive to B (7+) Một nguyên nhân việc B … •  One cause of B is that (S+V) •  One reason of B is that (S+V) •  Clear/ compelling/ convincing + reason (collocaAons của reason) •  One factor that leads to B is that (S+V) Hệ việc A … •  The result of A is that (S+V) •  The consequence of A is that (S+V) •  The corollary of A is that (S+V) (7+) Tác động việc A tới việc B: •  Tác động của sự việc A tới sự việc B: •  The effects of A on B •  The impacts of A on B •  A gây ra tác động tới B (collocaAons của effect-impact): •  A + exert/produce an effect on B (7+) •  A + exert/create an impact on B (7+) Tác động tích cực/ tiêu cực •  Tác động pch cực (collocaAons của effectimpact): •  Good (5)/ PosiAve (6)/ beneficial/ desirable •  Tác động Aêu cực (collocaAons của effectimpact): •  Bad (5)/ NegaAve (6)/ undesirable/ adverse (7+) •  Detrimental (7+)/disastrous (7+) devastaAng (7+) Tác động tích cực/ tiêu cực •  Tác động pch cực (collocaAons của effectimpact): •  Good (5)/ PosiAve (6)/ beneficial/ desirable •  Tác động Aêu cực (collocaAons của effectimpact): •  Bad (5)/ NegaAve (6)/ undesirable/ adverse (7+) •  Detrimental (7+)/disastrous (7+) devastaAng (7+) Một số cách diễn đạt khác: •  A is the main culprit of B: sự việc A là thủ phạm gây ra sự việc B (tất cả mọi sự vật) (7+) •  B can be ascribed to A: sự việc B có thể được quy kết do A gây ra (7+) •  B can be aCributed/ aCributable to A: sự việc A có thể được quy kết do B gây ra (7+) •  Air polluAon can be ascribed to traffic and industrial emissions •  A is the precursor to B: sự việc A là Aền đề cho sự việc B (7+) •  A acts as a catalyst for B: sự việc A là chất xúc tác cho sự việc B (7+) •  Diligence acts as a catalyst for success Question •  Đặt 1 câu sử dụng 3 từ sau đây: Soil erosion, conducive, deforesta9on Deforesta)on is conducive to soil erosion Học từ theo story How to ‘show off’ in the Speaking test by Dang Tran Tung, 9O/ 9S Head Teacher at The IELTS Workshop How you can lengthen your answers with ‘stories’? •  A speaking answer consists of main components: Information + Discussion •  Vietnamese conversations include the former, but exclude the latter ⇒ To get a good score, not only must you give an answer, you must also discuss the answer •  But how? How to discuss information •  Freestyle – suitable for familiar topics familiar? - things you are genuinely interested in -  things you encounter in daily life Example: Do you like food? Well, I’m a food lover, and I’ve got a ferocious appeAte, so I love to eat I’m quite into Thai cuisine You know, Thai dishes have really bold flavours; I mean, every bite just pops in your mouth, and for me that’s what food is all about Well done! What about something like this? •  Do you like history? -  Most people: Well, I do, but I don’t know jack about history vocabulary… •  Do you like books? - Most people: Well, I do, but I don’t know jack about book vocabulary •  Do you like swimming? - Most people: Well, I do, but I don’t know jack about swimming vocabulary… So whata you do? There are 4 main ways you can discuss an informaAon in IELTS Speaking •  example •  benefits •  popularity •  opposite Give an example •  Do you like history? Well, I take a very keen interest in History One of my favourite areas of history is World History I find the ba•les and wars among naAons in the past incredibly fascinaAng •  world history = example of history •  battles and wars = example of world history => The idea is to tackle a specific aspect Benefits •  Do you like History? Absolutely, I love History I think learning about History is very rewarding It fosters a sense of patrioAsm and helps you appreciate the peace and order that we’re enjoying now => The idea is to describe how it is good for you Popularity •  What do you think paAence is? Well, paAence is obviously a very posiAve quality -> (popularity – is paAence common?) But unfortunately, nowadays, not a lot of people are paAent I mean, we all want to get rich quickly but are unwilling to put it the hard work Opposite •  What do you like about your job? Well, I guess one of the most enjoyable aspects about my job is the lucraAve income -> (what about your friends?) My friends, on the other hand, are sAll toiling away working dead-end jobs that don’t pay half as well as mine does Stories •  Busy (deals with Ame quesAon) •  Benefits Physical benefits: •  get lean •  miAgate the risks of obesity, diabetes and cardiac arrest Mental benefits: •  unwind/ let my hair down/ blow off some steam (~ relax) •  alleviate stress Create your own story for each topic Shopping: •  splurge on •  lucraAve income •  payday •  hit the mall •  feel flush Well, I make a pre (example?) -> (benefits?) -> (example + discuss the opposite?) -> (example + popularity?) Question Upgrade the following words •  expensive (3 words) •  cheap (2 words) •  relax (2 words) ... story How to ‘show off’ in the Speaking test by Dang Tran Tung, 9O/ 9S Head Teacher at The IELTS Workshop How you can lengthen your answers with ‘stories’? •  A speaking answer consists of main... Expand the following ques9on Do you like music? Well yes, I am a music lover -> (example?) -> (benefits?) -> (example + discuss the opposite?) -> (example + popularity?) Question Upgrade the following words... Do you like swimming? - Most people: Well, I do, but I don’t know jack about swimming vocabulary… So whata you do? There are 4 main ways you can discuss an informaAon in IELTS Speaking •  example