CHUYÊN đề đọc HIỂU NGUYỄN TIẾN VINH KEY

NGÀY * ĐỌC HIỂU Choosing a career may be one of the hardest jobs you ever have, and it must be done with care View a career as an opportunity to something you love, not simply as a way to earn a living Investing the time and effort to thoroughly explore your options can mean the difference between finding a stimulating and rewarding career and move from job to unsatisfying job in an attempt to find the right one Work influences virtually every aspect of your life, from your choice of friends to where you live Here are just a few of the factors to consider Deciding what matters most to you is essential to making the right decision You may want to begin by assessing your likes, dislikes, strengths, and weaknesses Think about the classes, hobbies, and surroundings that you find most appealing Ask yourself questions, such as “Would you like to travel? Do you want to work with children? Are you more suited to solitary or cooperative work?” There are no right or wrong answers; only you know what is important to you Determine which job features you require, which ones you would prefer, and which ones you cannot accept Then rank them in order of importance to you The setting of the job is one factor to take into account You may not want to sit at a desk all day If not, there are diversity occupation – building inspector, supervisor, real estate agent – that involve a great deal of time away from the office Geographical location may be a concern, and employment in some fields in concentrated in certain regions Advertising job can generally be found only in large cities On the other hand, many industries such as hospitality, law education, and retail sales are found in all regions of the country If a high salary is important to you, not judge a career by its starting wages Many jobs, such as insurance sales, offers relatively low starting salaries; however, pay substantially increases along with your experience, additional training, promotions and commission Don’t rule out any occupation without learning more about it Some industries evoke positive or negative associations The traveling life of a flight attendant appears glamorous, while that of a plumber does not Remember that many jobs are not what they appear to be at first, and may have merits or demerits that are less obvious Flight attendants must work long, grueling hours without sleeps, whereas plumbers can be as highly paid as some doctors Another point to consider is that as you mature, you will likely develop new interests and skills that may point the way to new opportunities The choice you make today need not be your final one Question 1: The author states that “There are no right or wrong answers” in order to A emphasize that each person’s answers will be different B show that answering the questions is a long and difficult process C indicate that the answers are not really important D indicate that each person’s answers may change over time Question 2: The word “them” in paragraph refers to A questions B answers C features D jobs Question 3: According to paragraph 3, which of the following fields is NOT suitable for a person who does not want to live in a big city? A plumbing B law C retail sales D advertising Question 4: The word “that” in paragraph refers to _ A occupation B the traveling life C a flight attendant D commission Question 5: It can be inferred from the paragraph that A jobs in insurance sales are generally not well-paid B insurance sales people can earn high salary later in their career C people should constantly work toward the next promotion D a starting salary should be an important consideration in choosing a career Question 6: In paragraph 5, the author suggests that _ A you may want to change careers at some time in the future B as you get older, your career will probably less fulfilling C you will be at your job for a lifetime, so choose carefully D you will probably jobless at some time in the future Question 7: According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A To make a lot of money, you should not take a job with a low starting salary B To make lots of money, you should rule out all factory jobs C If you want an easy and glamorous lifestyle, you should consider becoming a flight attendant D Your initial view of certain careers may not be accurate * ĐỤC LỖ Why is that many teenagers have the energy to play computer games until late at night but cant find the energy to get out of bed (1) for school? According to a new report, today’s generation of children are in danger of getting so (2) sleep that they are putting their mental and physical health at(3) Adults can easily survive on seven to eight hours’ sleep a night, (4) _teenagers requirenine or ten hours According to medical experts, one in five youngsters (5) anything between two and five hours’ sleep a night less than their parents did at their age Question A behind time B about time C in time D at time Question A few B less C much D little Question A jeopardy B threat C risk D danger Question A or B because C whereas D so Question A put B gets C brings D makes NGÀY * ĐỌC HIỂU Franklin D Roosevelt, the 32nd president of the United States, was from a wealthy, wellknown family As a child, he attended private school, had private tutors, and traveled with his parents to Europe He attended Harvard University, and afterward studied law At the age of 39, Roosevelt suddenly developed polio, a disease that left him without the full use of his legs for the rest of his life Even though the worst of his illness, he continued his life in politics In 1924, he appeared at the Democratic National Convention to nominate Al Smith for president, and eight years after that he was nominated for the same office Roosevelt was elected to the presidency during the Great Depression of the 1930s, at a time when more than 5,000 banks had failed and thousands of people were out of work Roosevelt took action First he declared a bank holiday that closed all the banks so that no more could fail; then he reopened the banks little by little with government support Roosevelt believed in using the full power of government to help what he called the "forgotten people." And it was these workers, the wage earners, who felt the strongest affection toward Roosevelt There were others, however, who felt that Roosevelt's policies were destroying the American system of government, and they opposed him in the same intense way that others admired him In 1940 the Democrats nominated Roosevelt for an unprecedented third term No president in American history had ever served three terms, but Roosevelt felt an obligation not to quit while the United States' entry into World War II was looming in the future He accepted the nomination and went on to an easy victory Question What does the passage mainly discuss? A Political aspects of Roosevelt's life B Problems during the Great Depression C Roosevelt's upbringing D Criticisms of Roosevelt's actions Question Which one of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the passage? A Roosevelt was elected during the Great Depression B Roosevelt voted for Al Smith C Roosevelt had difficulty walking during his presidency D Roosevelt supported strong government powers Question The phrase "took action" in lines 13 is used to illustrate the idea that Roosevelt A performed admirably B exerted himself physically C responded immediately D got assistance Question Which of the following is NOT TRUE? A Roosevelt served three terms of presidency B Roosevelt couldn’t walk easily C All American citizens supported Roosevelt’s policies D Roosevelt studied law before he worked as a president Question The word “affection” as used in the first paragraph could best be replaced by which of the following? A fascination B fondness C lure D appeal Question The word “unprecedented” in the second paragraph could best be replaced by _ A unimportant B unheard of C unjustified D unhampered Question It can be inferred from the passage that the people who liked Roosevelt best were _ A poor people B bankers C rich people D average workers Question In the second paragraph, the author uses the word “looming” to indicate a feeling of _ A reservation B determination C regret D threat * ĐỤC LỖ I was raised on a farm in a remote village in the 1950s The winter months were endless and everything was covered in snow I was always (1) for the warmer weather to come When spring arrived, everything came alive - flowers would bloom and the animals would come out of hibernation I would follow the bear tracks and search for them Once, however, I (2) _ an angry mother bear who saw me (3) _ a threat (4) the sight of the bear, I did what my father had told me I stood still until she stopped growling and walked away The trick was effective, but looking back now, I realized that the situation was (5) - more serious than I thought at the time Question A willing Question A found out Question A as Question A by Question A very B keen B came across B same as B at B quite C eager C dealt with C such as C on C far D enthusiastic D reached D like D in D so NGÀY * ĐỌC HIỂU In early civilization, citizens were educated informally, usually within the family unit Education meant simply learning to live As civilization became more complex, however, education became more formal, structured, and comprehensive Initial efforts of the ancient Chinese and Greek societies concentrated solely on the education of males The post-Babylonian Jews and Plato were exceptions to this pattern Plato was apparently the first significant advocate of the equality of the sexes Women, in his ideal state, would have the same rights and duties and the same educational opportunities as men This aspect of Platonic philosophy, however, had little or no effect on education for many centuries, and the concept of a liberal education for men only, which had been espoused by Aristotle, prevailed In ancient Rome, the availability of an education was gradually extended to women, but they were taught separately from men The early Christians and medieval Europeans continued this trend, and single-sex schools for the privileged through classes prevailed through the Reformation period Gradually, however, education for women, in a separate but equal basis to that provided for men, was becoming a clear responsibility of society Martin Luther appealed for civil support of schools for all children Al the Council of Trent in the 16 th century, the Roman Catholic Church encouraged the establishment of free primary schools for children of all classes The concept of universal primary education, regardless of sex, had been born, but it was still in the realm of the single-sex school In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, co-education became a more widely applied principle of educational philosophy In Britain, Germany, and the Soviet Union the education of boys and girls in the same classes became an accepted practice Since World War II, Japan and the Scandinavian countries have also adopted relatively universal co-educational systems The greatest negative reaction to co-education has been felt in the teaching systems of the Latin countries, where the sexes have usually been separated at both primary and secondary levels, according to local conditions A number of studies have indicated that girls seem to perform better overall and in science in particular In single-sex classes, during the adolescent years, pressure to conform to stereotypical female gender roles may disadvantage girls in traditionally male subjects, making them reluctant to volunteer for experimental work while taking part in lessons In Britain, academic league tables point to high standards achieved in girls’ schools Some educationalists, therefore, suggest segregation of the sexes as a good thing, particularly in certain areas, and a number of schools are experimenting with the idea Question 1: Ancient education generally focused its efforts on A male learners B Both sexes C female D Young people only Question 2: Education in early times was mostly aimed at A teaching skills B learning to live C learning new lifestyles D imparting survival skills Question 3: The first to support the equality of the sexes was A the Chinese B the Greek C Plato D the Jews Question 4: The word “informally” in this context mostly refers to an education occurring A in classrooms B outside the school C In a department D ability Question 5: When education first reached women, they were A locked up in a place with men B isolated from a normal life C deprived of opportunities D separated from men Question 6: When the concept of universal primary education was introduced, education A was given free to all B was intended for all the sexes C focused on imparting skills D was intended to leave out female learners Question 7: Co-education was negatively responded to in A Japan B the Scandinavian countries C South American countries * ĐỤC LỖ D conservative countries Buckingham Palace, Windsor Castle and the Palace of Holyroodhouse are the official (1) of the Sovereign and, as such, serve as both home and office for The Queen, whose personal standard flies (2) _ Her Majesty is in residence.These buildings are used extensively for State ceremonies and Official entertaining and are opened to the (3) _ as much as these commitments allow.All are furnished with fine pictures and (4) of art from the Royal Collection, which has been assembled over four centuries by successive sovereigns Many of the State Apartments and rooms at the official residences have been in continuous use since their conception and many of the paintings are (5) _ in the rooms for which they were originally intended Question A venues B residences C situations D occupation Question A whatever B however C whoever D whenever Question A human B public C peoples D strangers Question A painting B statues C works D jobs Question A created B explored C produced D displayed NGÀY * ĐỌC HIỂU The biologist's role in society as well as his moral and ethical responsibility in the discovery and development of new ideas has led to a reassessment of his social and scientific value systems A scientist can no longer ignore the consequences of his discoveries; he is as concerned with the possible misuses of his findings as he is with the basic research in which he is involved This emerging social and political role of the biologist and all other scientists requires a weighing of values that cannot be done with the accuracy or the objectivity of a laboratory balance As a member of society, it is necessary for a biologist now to redefine his social obligations and his functions, particularly in the realm of making judgments about such ethical problems as man's control of his environment or his manipulation of genes to direct further evolutionary development As a result of recent discoveries concerning hereditary mechanisms, genetic engineering, by which human traits are made to order, may soon be a reality As desirable as it may seem to be, such an accomplishment would entail many value judgments Who would decide, for example, which traits should be selected for change? In cases of genetic deficiencies and disease, the desirability of the change is obvious, but the possibilities for social misuse are so numerous that they may far outweigh the benefits Probably the greatest biological problem of the future, as it is of the present, will be to find ways to curb environmental pollution without interfering with man's constant effort to improve the quality of his life Question 1: According to the passage, a modern scientist should be more concerned about A his basic research B the development of new ideas C his manipulation of genes D the consequences of his discoveries Question 2: The pronoun "it" in paragraph refers to A a reality B an accomplishment C genetic engineering D hereditary mechanism Question 3: It is implied in the passage that genetic engineering A may us more harm than good B is no longer desirable C is the most desirable for life D will change all human traits Question 4: The pronoun "they" in paragraph refers to A discoveries concerning hereditary mechanisms B effects of genetic engineering misuse C cases of genetic deficiencies D possibilities for genetic deficiencies Question 5: What is probably the most important biological problem mentioned in the passage? A social and economic deficiencies C genetic engineering misuse B manipulation of genes D environmental pollution * ĐỤC LỖ Fit Bodies are made to move! They are not (1) for sitting around in front of the television or reading magazines Keeping fit doesn’t (2) _ you have to be a super- athlete, and even (3) exercise can give you a lot of fun When you're fit and healthy, you'll find you look better and feel better You'll develop more energy and self-confidence Every time you move you are exercising The human body is designed to bend, stretch, run, jump and climb (4) _ it does, the stronger and fitter it will become Best of all, exercise is fun It's what your body likes doing most - keeping on the (5) _ Question A planned B designed C programmed D cause Question A involve B required C reveal D mean Question A a little B a few C little D few Question A more and more B the more C more D moreover Question A increase B move C develop D decrease NGÀY Any list of the greatest thinkers in history contains the name of the brilliant physicist Albert Einstein His theories of relativity led to entirely new ways of thinking about time, space, matter, energy, and gravity Einstein's work led to such scientific advances as the control of atomic energy, even television as a practical application of Einstein's work In 1902 Einstein became an examiner in the Swiss patent office at Bern In 1905, at age 26, he published the first of five major research papers The first one provided a theory explaining Brownian movement,the zig-zag motion of microscopic particles in suspension The second paper laid the foundation for the photon, orquantum, theory of light In it he proposed that light is composed of separate packets of energy, called quanta orphotons, that have some of the properties of particles and some of the properties of waves A third paper contained the "special theory of relativity" which showed that time and motion are relative to the observer, if the speed of light is constant and the natural laws are the same everywhere in the universe The fourth paper was amathematical addition to the special theory of relativity Here Einstein presented his famous formula, E = m(cc), known as the energy mass equivalence In 1916, Einstein published his general theory of relativity In it he proposed that gravity is not a force, but a curve in the spacetime continuum, created by the presence of mass.Einstein spoke out frequently against nationalism, the exalting of one nation above all others He opposed war and violence and supported Zionism, the movement to establish a Jewish homeland in Palestine When the Nazis came to power in 1933, they denounced his ideas He then moved to the United States In 1939 Einstein learned that two German chemists had split the uranium atom Einstein wrote to President Franklin D Roosevelt warning him that this scientific knowledge could lead to Germany developing an atomic bomb He suggested the UnitedStates begin its own atomic bomb research Question 1: Einstein's primary work was in the area of A chemistry B biology C physics D engineering Question 2: Which of the following inventions is mentioned in the passage as a practical application of Einstein's discoveries? A Radio B Automobiles C Computers D Television Question 3: According to the passage, Einstein supported all of the following except A the establishment of a Jewish homeland in Palestine C atomic bomb research in the United States B Nationalism D the defeat of the Nazis Question 4: In which country was Einstein born? A Switzerland B United States C Germany D Israel Question 5: What is "Brownian movement"? A The zig-zag motion of microscopic particles in suspension B The emission of electrons from solids when struck by light C The motion of photons in light D The basis of the theory of relativity Question 6: Einstein was a citizen of all of the following countries EXCEPT A Belgium B Germany C Switzerland D United States Question 7: It is clear from the tone of the passage that the author feels _ A Einstein's work in physics was somewhat tarnished by his conservative political views B Albert Einstein was one of the most brilliant thinkers in history C Einstein's work in physics, though theoretically impressive, led to few practical applications D Einstein's theories have been consistently proven incorrect Question 8: According to Einstein's special theory of relativity A all properties of matter and energy can be explained in a single mathematical formula B light is composed of separate packets of energy C time and motion are relative to the observer D some solids emit electrons when struck by light Question 9: In line 15, the word "exalting" most nearly means A elevation B criticism C support D elimination Question 2: According to the writer, we should A avoid leaving our house empty B only go out when we have to C always keep the curtains closed D give the impression that our house is occupied when we go out Question 3: The writer thinks that hiding a key under a doormat or flower pot A is predictable B is useful C is imaginative D is where you always find a spare key Question 4: What word best replaces “desolate” in paragraph 4? A isolated B populous C dissatisfying D depressing Question 5: Gaining entry to a house through a small window _ A is surprisingly dificult B is not as dificult as people think C is less likely to happen than gaining entry through a door D is tried only by very determined burglars Question 6: The writer argues that fitting a chain and an eye hole _ A will prevent your home being burgled B avoids you having to invite people into your home C is only necessary for elderly people D gives you time to check if the visitor is genuine Question 7: The best title for the text is A Increasing household crime B Protecting your home from intruders C What to if a burglar breaks into your home D Burglary statistics * ĐỤC LỖ We are using up the world’s petroleum We use (1) _in our cars and to heat our building in winter Farmers use petrochemicals to (2) _ the soil rich They use them to kill insects (3) _eat plants These chemicals go (4) rivers and lakes and kill the fish there Thousands of pollutants also go into the air and pollute it Winds carry this (5) _ air to other countries and other continents Question A it B them C that D those Question A work B change C make D let Question A what B who C whom D which Question A out B for C at D into Question A pollute B polluting C polluted D pollution NGÀY 26 * ĐỌC HIỂU Millionsof people are using cellphones today In many places, it is actually considered unusual not to use one In many countries, cellphones are very popular with young people They find that the phones are more than a means of communication - having a mobile phone shows that they are cool and connected The explosion in mobile phone use around the world has made some health professionals worried Some doctors are concerned that in the future many people may suffer health problems from the use of mobile phones In England, there has been a serious debate about this issue Mobile phone companies are worried about the negative publicity of such ideas They say that there is no proof that mobile phones are bad for your health On the other hand, medical studies have shown changes in the brain cells of some people who use mobile phones Signs of change in the tissues of the brain and head can be detected with modern scanning equipment In one case, a traveling salesman had to retire at young age because of serious memory loss He couldn't remember even simple tasks He would often forget the name of his own son This man used to talk on his mobile phone for about six hours a day, every day of his working week, for a couple of years His family doctor blamed his mobile phone use, but his employer's doctor didn't agree What is it that makes mobile phones potentially harmful? The answer is radiation Hightech machines can detect very small amounts of radiation from mobile phones Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation, but they say the amount is too small to worry about As the discussion about their safety continues, it appears that it's best to use mobile phones less often Use your regular phone if you want to talk for a long time Use your mobile phone only when you really need it Mobile phones can be very useful and convenient, especially in emergencies In the future, mobile phones may have a warning label that says they are bad for your health So for now, it's wise not to use your mobile phone too often Question 1: According to the passage, cellphones are especially popular with young people because A they make them look more stylish B they keep the users alert all the time C they cannot be replaced by regular phones D they are indispensable in everyday communications Question 2: The word "means" in the passage most closely means A “meanings” B “expression” C “transmission” D “method” Question 3: Doctors have tentatively concluded that cellphones may A cause some mental malfunction B change their users’ temperament C change their users’ social behaviours D damage their users’ emotions Question 4: The changes possibly caused by the cellphones are mainly concerned with A the smallest units of the brain B the mobility of the mind and the body C the resident memory D the arteries of the brain Question 5: The man mentioned in the passage, who used his cellphone too often, A had a problem with memory B abandoned his family C suffered serious loss of mental ability D could no longer think lucidly Question 6: The word "potentially" in the passage most closely means A certainly B Obviously C Privately D.possibly Question 7: According to the passage, what makes mobile phones potentially harmful is A their radiant light B their power of attraction C their raiding power D their invisible rays Question 8: The most suitable title for the passage could be A “Technological Innovations and Their Price” B “The Way Mobile Phones Work” C “The Reasons Why Mobile Phones Are Popular” D “Mobile Phones: A Must of Our Time” * ĐỤC LỖ First of all, there is, in some people, a moderate genetic predisposition to be happy, in other words, happiness (1) _ in families And happiness seems to correlate quite strongly with the main dimensions of personalities: extroverts are generally happier, neurotics are less so Second, people often report good social relations as a reason for their happiness In particular, friends are a great (2) of joy, partly because of the agreeable things they together, partly because of the way friends use positive non-verbal (3) such as caressing and touching, to affirm their friendship Marriage and similar (4) relationships can also form the basis of lasting happiness Third, job satisfaction undoubtedly (5) overall satisfaction, and vice versa - perhaps this is why some people are happy in boring jobs: it (6) both ways Job satisfaction is caused not only by the essential nature of the work, but (7) _ by social interactions with coworkers Unemployment, on the contrary, can be a serious cause of unhappiness Question A runs B arrives C goes D Descends Question A source B origin C base D meaning Question A movements B signals C slogans D motions Question A near B tight C close D heavy Question A consists of B applies to C counts on D contributes to Question A works B effects C makes D turns Question A too B as well C also D plus Question NGÀY 27 * ĐỌC HIỂU Plants and animals will find it difficult to escape from or adjust to the effect of global warming Scientists have already observed shifts in the lifecycles of many plants and animals, such as flowers blooming earlier and birds hatching earlier in the spring Many species have begun shifting where they live or their annual migration patterns due to warmer temperatures With further warming, animals will tend to migrate toward the poles and up mountainsides toward higher elevations Plants will also attempt to shift their ranges, seeking new areas as old habitats grow too warm In many places, however, human development will prevent these shifts Species that find cities or farmland blocking their way north or south may become extinct Species living in unique ecosystems, such as those found in polar and mountaintop regions, are especially at risk because migration to new habitats is not possible For instance, polar bears and marine mammals in the Arctic are already threatened by dwindling sea ice but have nowhere farther to go Projecting species extinction due to global warming is extremely difficult Some scientists have estimated that 20 to 50 percent of species could be committed to extinction with to Celsius degrees of further warming The rate of warming, not just the magnitude, is extremely important for plants and animals Some species and even entire ecosystems, such as certain types of forest, many not be able to adjust quickly enough and may disappear Ocean ecosystems, especially fragile ones like coral reefs, will also be affected by global warming Warmer ocean temperatures can cause coral to “bleach”, a state which if prolonged will lead to the death of the coral Scientists estimate that even Celsius degree of additional warming could lead to widespread bleaching and death of coral reefs around the world Also, increasing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere enters the ocean and increases the acidity of ocean waters This acidification further stresses ocean ecosystems Question1: Scientists have observed that warmer temperatures in the spring cause flower to A bloom earlier B lose colour C die instantly D become lighter Question 2: The pronoun “those” in paragraph refers to _ A species B ecosystems C habitats D areas Question 3: It is mentioned in the passage that if the global temperature rose by or Celsius degrees _ A water supply would decrease by 50 percent B the sea level would rise by 20 centimetres C 20 to 50 percent of species could become extinct D half of the earth’s surface would be flooded Question 4: According to the passage, if some species are not able to adjust quickly to warmer temperatures A they may be endangered B they can begin to develop C they will certainly need water D they move to tropical forests Question 5: The word “fragile” in paragraph most probably means _ A very large B easily damaged C rather strong D pretty hard Question 6: The level of acidity in the ocean is increased by _ A The rising amount of carbon dioxide entering the ocean B The decrease of acidity of the pole waters C The extinction of species in coastal areas D The loss of acidity in the atmosphere around the earth Question 7: What does the passage mainly discuss? A Influence of climate changes on human lifestyles B Effects of global warming on animals and plants C Global warming and possible solutions D Global warming and species migration * ĐỤC LỖ It is estimated the (1) number is not known that worldwide some 60,000 newspapers exist with a (2) circulation of nearly 500 million However, the number of readers is (3) greater-as many as three times the circulation figure This is because newspapers are shared, some are posted, and (4) placed in libraries and other (5) _ places Question 1: A exact B correct C precise D right Question 2: A mixed B combined C connected D linked Question 3: A even B far C more D very Question 4: A another B the others C others D the rest Question 5: A open B common C shared D public NGÀY 28 * ĐỌC HIỂU Overpopulation, the situation of having large numbers of people with too few resources and too little space, is closely associated with poverty It can result from high population density, or from low amounts of resources, or from both Excessively high population densities put stress on available resources Only a certain number of people can be supported on a given area of land, and that number depends on how much food and other resources the land can provide In countries where people live primarily by means of simple farming, gardening, herding, hunting, and gathering, even large areas of land can support only small numbers of people because these labor-intensive subsistence activities produce only small amounts of food In developed countries such as the United States, Japan, and the countries of Western Europe, overpopulation generally is not considered a major cause of poverty These countries produce large quantities of food through mechanized farming, which depends on commercial fertilizers, large-scale irrigation, and agricultural machinery This form of production provides enough food to support the high densities of people in metropolitan areas A country’s level of poverty can depend greatly on its mix of population density and agricultural productivity Bangladesh, for example, has one of the world’s highest population densities, with 1,147 persons per sq km A large majority of the people of Bangladesh engage in low-productivity manual farming, which contributes to the country’s extremely high level of poverty Some of the smaller countries in Western Europe, such as the Netherlands and Belgium, have high population densities as well These countries practice mechanized farming and are involved in high-tech industries, however, and therefore have high standards of living At the other end of the spectrum, many countries in sub-Saharan Africa have population densities of less than 30 persons per sq km Many people in these countries practice manual subsistence farming; these countries also have infertile land, and lack the economic resources and technology to boost productivity As a consequence, these nations are very poor The United States has both relatively low population density and high agricultural productivity; it is one of the world’s wealthiest nations High birth rates contribute to overpopulation in many developing countries Children are assets to many poor families because they provide labor, usually for farming Cultural norms in traditionally rural societies commonly sanction the value of large families Also, the governments of developing countries often provide little or no support, financial or political, for family planning; even people who wish to keep their families small have difficulty doing so For all these reasons, developing countries tend to have high rates of population growth Question 1: Which of the following is given a definition in paragraph 1? A Overpopulation B Population density C Simple farming D Poverty Question 2: What will suffer when there are excessively high population densities? A Available resources B Skilled labor C Farming methods D Land area Question 3: In certain countries, large areas of land can only yield small amounts of food because A there is lack of mechanization B there are small numbers of laborers C there is an abundance of resources D there is no shortage of skilled labor Question 4: Bangladesh is a country where the level of poverty depends greatly on A its population density only B both population density and agricultural productivity C population density in metropolitan areas D its high agricultural productivity Question 5: The word “infertile” in paragraph probably means A disused B impossible C unproductive D inaccessible Question 6: Which of the following is TRUE, according to the passage? A In certain developed countries, mechanized farming is applied B In sub-Saharan African countries, productivity is boosted by technology C There is no connection between a country’s culture and overpopulation D All small countries in Western Europe have high population densities Question 7: Which of the following is a contributor to overpopulation in many developing countries? A High-tech facilities B Economic resources C Sufficient financial support D High birth rates Question 8: Which of the following could be the best title for the passage? A High Birth Rate and its Consequences B Overpopulation: A Cause of Poverty C Overpopulation: A Worldwide Problem D Poverty in Developing Countries * ĐỤC LỖ The traditional definition of literacy is considered to be the ability to read and write, or the ability to use language to read, write, listen, and speak In modern contexts, the word refers to reading and writing at a level (1) _ for communication, or at a level that lets one understand and communicate ideas in a literate society,' so as to take (2) _ in that society The United Nations, Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has drafted the following definition: “Literacy is the ability to identify, understand, interpret, create, communicate and compute, using printed and written' materials (3) _ with varying contexts Literacy involves a continuum of learning to enable an Individual to achieve his or her goals, to develop his, or her (4) _ and potential, and to participate fully in the wider society Many policy analysts consider literacy rates a crucial measure of a region's human capital This claim is made on the (5) _ that literate people can be trained less expensively than illiterate people, generally have a higher socio-economic (6) _ and enjoy better health and employment prospects Question 1: A adaptable B suitable Question 2: A comfort C adequate B control C part D important D honor Question 3: A associated B worked C appropriated D related Question 4: A ability B knowledge C performance D behavior Question 5: A foundations B ways C grounds Question 6: A condition B request C state D basics D status NGÀY 29 * ĐỌC HIỂU Why is it that flying to New York from London will leave you feeling less tired than flying to London from New York? The answer may be a clear case of biology not being able to keep up wit technology Deep inside the brain there is a “clock” that governs every aspect of the body’s functioning: sleep and wake cycles, levels of alertness, performance, mood, hormone levels, digestion, body temperature and so on It regulates all of these functions on a 24-hour basis and is called the circadian clock (from the Latin, circa “about” + dies “day”) This body clock programmes us to be sleepy twice a day, between 3-5 a.m and again between 3-5 p.m Afternoon tea and siesta times are all cultural responses to our natural biological sleepiness in the afternoon One of the major causes of the travelers’ malady known as jet lag is the non-alignment of a person’s internal body clock with clocks in the external world Crossing different time zones confuses the circadian clock, which then has to adjust to the new time and patterns of light and activity To make matters more complex, not all internal body functions adjust at the same rate So your sleep/wake may adjust to a new time zone at one rate, while your temperature adjusts at a different pace Your digestion may be on a different schedule altogether Though we live in a 24-hour day, the natural tendency of the body clock is to extend our day beyond 24 hours It is contrary to our biological programming to shrink our day That is why traveling in a westward direction is more body-clock friendly than flying east NASA studies of long haul pilots showed that westward travel was associated with significantly better sleep quantity and quality than eastward flights When flying west, you are “extending” your day, thus traveling in the natural direction of your internal clock Flying eastward will involve “shrinking” or reducing your day and is in direct opposition to your internal clock’s natural tendency One of the more common complaints of travelers is that their sleep becomes disrupted There are many reasons for this: Changing time zones and schedules, changing light and activity levels, trying to sleep when your body clock is programmed to be awake, disruption of the internal circadian clock and working longer hours Sleep loss, jet lag and fatigue can seriously affect our ability to function well Judgment and decision-making can be reduced by 50%, attention by 75 percent, memory by 20 percent and communication by 30 percent It is often suggested that you adjust your watch as soon as you board a plane, supposedly to try to help you adjust to your destination’s schedule as soon as you arrive But it can take the body clock several days to several weeks to fully adjust to a new time zone Question 1: The main function of the body clock is to A govern all the body’s responses B regulate the body’s functions C help us sleep D help us adapt to a 24-hour cycle Question 2: The word “It” refers to A the programme B the body clock C the function D the brain Question 3:Jet lag _ A makes our body clock operate badly B causes our body clock to change C extends the hours of our body clock D upsets our body’s rhythms Question 4: The word “malady” is closest in meaning to A illness B Bore C thought D feeling Question 5: The direction you fly in A helps you sleep better B alters your body’s natural rhythms C affects the degree of jet lag D extends or shrinks your body clock Question 6:According to the article A various factors stop us sleeping when we fly B travelers complain about the negative effects of flying C flying seriously affects your judgment and decision-making D jet lag can affect different abilities differently Question 7: On the subject of avoiding jet lag the article A makes no suggestions B says there is nothing you can C proposes gradually adjusting your body clock D suggests changing the time on your watch *ĐỤC LỖ In the western customs (1) _ hands is the customary form of greeting, but in China a nod of the head or (2) _ bow is sufficient Hugging and kissing when greeting are uncommon Business cards are often (3) _ and yours should be printed in your own language and in Chinese Also, it is more respectful to present your card or a gift or -any other article using (4) _ hands The Chinese are (5) _ applauders You may be greeted with group clapping, even by small children When a person is applauded in this practice it is the custom for that person to return the applause or a "thank you." Question 1: A taking B shaking C grasping D hugging Question 2: A small B bit C slight D light Question 3: A exchanged B changed C transferred D converted Question 4: A pair B couple C double D both Question 5: A enthusiast B enthusiastic C enthusiasm D enthusiastically NGÀY 30 * ĐỌC HIỂU The ability to conduct electricity is one of the key properties of a metal Other solid materials such as silicon can conduct electricity but only effectively at certain temperatures Also, some substances such as salt (sodium chloride) can conduct when molten or when dissolved in water The ability of metals to conduct electricity is due to how their atoms bond together In order to bond together the metal atoms lose at least one of their outermost electrons This leaves the metal atoms with a positive charge and they are now strictly ions The lost electrons are free to move in what is known as a sea of electrons Since the electrons are negatively charged they attract the ions and this is what keeps the structure together An electric current is a flow of charge and since the electrons inthe sea of electrons are free to move they can be made to flow in one direction when a source of electrical energy such as a battery is connected to the metal Hence we have an electric current flowing through the wire, and this is what makes metals such good conductors of electricity The only other common solidconducting material that pencil users are likely to encounter is graphite (what the ‘lead’ of a pencil is made from) Graphite is a form of carbon and again the carbon atoms bond in such a way that there is a sea ofelectrons that can be made to flow as an electric current Likewise, if we have an ionic substance like saltwe can make the electrically charged ions flow to create a current but only when those ions are free to move, either when the substance isa liquid or dissolved in water In its solid state an ionic substance like salt cannot conduct electricity as its charged ions cannot flow Electrical insulators are substances that cannot conduct electricity well either, because they contain no charged particles or any charged particles they might contain not flow easily Water itself is a poor conductor of electricity as it does not contain a significant amount of fully charged particles (the ends of a water molecule are partly charged but overall the molecule isneutral) However, most water we encounter does contain dissolved charged particles, so it will be more conductive than pure water Many of the problems that occur when touching electrical devices with wet hands resultfrom the ever-present salt that is left on our skin through perspiration and it dissolves in the water to make it more conductive By Helena Gillespie and Rob Gillespie Science for Primary School Teachers OUP Question 1: Electrical conductivity is A one of the most important properties of metals B.one of the key properties of most solid materials C impossible for any substance when it is dissolved in water D completely impossible for silicon Question 2: According to the passage, a metal can conduct electricity due to A the absence of free electrons C the way its atoms bond together B its atoms with a positive charge D the loss of one electron in the core of its atoms Question 3: The word “outermost” in paragraph mostly means A the lightest B nearest to the inside C furthest from the inside D the heaviest Question 4: The atoms of a metal can bond together because A the lost electrons cannot move freely in the sea of electrons B electrons can flow in a single direction C they lose all of their electrons D negatively charged electrons attract positive ions Question 5: Salt in its solid state is not able to conduct electricity because A it has free electrons B its charged ions can flow easily C it cannot create any charged ions D its charged ions are not free to mov Question 6: The word “they” in paragraph refers to A charged ions B electric currents C charged particles D electrical insulators Question 7: We can have problems when touching electrical devices with wet hands because A the water itself is a good conductor of electricity B the water dissolves the salt on our skin and becomes more conductive C the water contains too many neutral molecules D the water containing no charged particles makes it more conductive Question 8: Which of the following could best serve as the title of the passage? A Electrical Energy B Electrical Devices C Electrical Insulators D Electrical Conductivity * ĐỤC LỖ UNICEF (The United Nations InternationalChildren’s emergency Fund) is mandated by the United Nations General Assembly to advocate for the (1) _ of children's rights, to help meet their basic needs and to expand their opportunities to reach their full potential UNICEF is guided by the Convention on the Rights of the Child and (2) _ to establish children's rights as enduring ethical principles and international standards of (3) _ towards children UNICEF (4) _ that the survival, protection and development of children are universal development UNICEF mobilizes political will and material (5) _ to help countries, particularly developing countries, ensure a "first call for children" and to, build their capacity to form appropriate policies and (6) _ services for children and their families Question 1: A protest B destruction C protection D achievement Question 2: A admits B suggests D tries Question 3: A poverty C adopts B behavior C medicine D injure Question 4: A insists B devotes C treats D mounts Question 5: A resources B mines C budgets D funds Question 6: A care B appeal C supply D react YOU ARE GREAT! ... D danger Question A or B because C whereas D so Question A put B gets C brings D makes NGÀY * ĐỌC HIỂU Franklin D Roosevelt, the 32nd president of the United States, was from a wealthy, wellknown... quite C eager C dealt with C such as C on C far D enthusiastic D reached D like D in D so NGÀY * ĐỌC HIỂU In early civilization, citizens were educated informally, usually within the family unit... painting B statues C works D jobs Question A created B explored C produced D displayed NGÀY * ĐỌC HIỂU The biologist's role in society as well as his moral and ethical responsibility in the discovery