TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP CẦN LƯU Ý CHƯƠNG TRÌNH TIỀNG ANH 11CB HỌC KỲ I The simple past tense -Thì q khứ đơn sử dụng để mơ tả hành động, kiện, tượng xảy q khứ có thời gian cụ thể (ví dụ yesterday, last year, three years ago, in 2010, from 2010 – 2015) I started teaching in this school three years ago I bought this Sirius last year They didn’t visit Vietnam last summer vacation - Sử dụng mệnh đề if mệnh đề (tuy nhiên be were) If he were rich now, he would register to study in the U.S.A If they had more money, they would buy this house - Và sau mệnh đề since They have studied English with me since they were in grade 10 Công thức ghi nhớ Câu khẳng định: Subject + V2/ed He won a gold medal last year They collected stamps ten years ago Câu phủ định: Subject + didn’t + Vnguyên mẫu He didn’t go to school yesterday because of the heavy rain He didn’t buy anything in Hanoi Câu hỏi Yes/no Did + subject + Vnguyên mẫu? Did you visit Vietnam last year? Yes, I did No, I didn’t Did they have a good trip? Yes, they did No, they didn’t WhWh + did + subject + Vnguyên mẫu? What did you yesterday? Who did you go Phu Quoc Island with? Past continuous tense Thì khứ tiếp diễn diễn tả hành động xảy thời điễm qua khứ - Thường kèm với cụm thời gian at this time yesterday/ last year/ last week … At this time yesterday I was doing my English 45-minute test - Thì khứ tiếp diễn kết hợp với khứ đơn diễn tả hành động A xảy nảy sinh hành động B Hành động xảy [trong khứ] dùng khứ tiếp diễn, hành động nảo nảy sinh [trong q trình đó] dùng khứ đơn While she was watching cartoon with her children, her husband came home from work When they were planting trees, it rained Biên soạn Lê Công Đức YOUTUBE DUCLE ELT Đăng ký kênh để học online nhé! Learning hard, living happily! Công thức ghi nhớ Câu khẳng định: Subject + was/ were + VING He was playing soccer at this time yesterday They were watching TV when I came Câu phủ định: Subject + was/ were + not + VING They were not cooking when I came They were doing the washing-up He wasn’t listening to music; he was watching TV Câu hỏi Yes/no Was/ Were + subject + VING? Were you doing your homework? Yes, I was No, I wasn’t Were they playing games? Yes, they were No, they weren’t WhWh + Was/ Were +subject + VING? What were you doing? Where was he hiding? Past perfect tense Thì khứ hoàn thành diễn tả hành động xảy xong trước thời điểm trước hành động - Trước thời gian đó, thơng thường người ta dùng by the time you arrived, by 2010, before 2010, before you arrived… thường để nhấn mạnh hành động xảy xong By this time yesterday, I had done all of my homework By 2010, my house had been built - Trước hành động q khứ, thơng thường dùng để so sánh hành động xảy xong trước Nếu hành động A xảy xong trước dùng khứ hoàn thành, hành động B xảy sau dùng khứ đơn I had had breakfast before I went to school I went to school after I had had breakfast By the time you arrived, I had done all of the washing-up - Thì khứ hồn thành dùng mệnh đề If loại If I had brought an umbrella with me, I wouldn’t have got wet - Thì khứ hoàn thành dùng câu gián tiếp câu trực tiếp dùng q khứ đơn hồn thành He has visited twenty countries He said he had visited twenty countries Where did you go? He asked me where I had gone Công thức ghi nhớ Câu khẳng định: Subject + had + V3/ed By the age of 20 he had visited 35 countries They had bought this TV before I was born Câu phủ định: Subject + had not + V3/ed had not = hadn’t By this time yesterday, he hadn’t finished his essay yet Câu hỏi Yes/no Had + subject + V3/ed? Had you visited Vietnam yet? Yes, I had No, I hadn’t Had she done her homework? Yes, she had No, she hadn’t WhWh + had + subject + V3/ed? Biên soạn Lê Công Đức YOUTUBE DUCLE ELT Đăng ký kênh để học online nhé! Learning hard, living happily! What had you achieved by the age of twenty-two? See somebody something/ See somebody doing something Các bạn cần lưu ý từ sau hear, notice, watch, see, feel, find Nếu bạn thấy hoàn toàn hành động từ lúc bắt đầu lúc kết thúc bạn dùng see somebody something I saw John go into the car Khi nói câu này, nghĩa bạn thấy John khỏi nơi lên xe từ đầu đến cuối Nếu bạn thấy làm thơi, vạn dùng see somebody doing something I saw John playing soccer with some children Khi nói câu này, nghĩa bạn ngang qua, hay đến nhà John ngây lúc bạn thấy ảnh chơi với đứa nhỏ thôi, bạn không xem hết ảnh chơi đá banh từ đầu đến cuối They go to the supermarket to buy some food Thông thường người ta dùng to + động từ nguyên mẫu (to-infinitive) để mục đích hành động I went to this center to learn English Trong câu cụm to learn English giải thích mục đích mệnh đề I went to this center Nên to infinitive dùng để mục đích hành động Động từ thêm ing, số động từ tiếng Anh thêm ing theo sau số từ định Hãy học thuộc xem ví dụ bên Verbs have objection prevent sb stop sb without Prep to from ngăn cản deny avoid enjoy like mind have trouble/ have difficulty practise consider stop Prepositions (on, in, at, to…) suggest spend waste risk keep Meaning phản đối khơng có chối tránh thích thích phiền gặp khó khăn tập xem xét dừng hẳn Example I have objection to going to work late Parents cannot prevent their children from playing computer games Young people seem to be too addicted to mobile phones, they can’t live without using them He denied stealing the money from his mother I avoid going to parties as I don’t like them I enjoy watching cartoons since they’re so funny We like going out at the weekend I don’t mind helping you a hand Students usually have trouble (in) studying English My student, Ngoc, practises playing the piano every day We are considering buying a new house My father stopped smoking last month They’ve given up smoking They are looking forward to seeing their son again Đề nghị I suggested planting more trees in the city Dành He spends hours learning English every day Lãng phí Students often waste their valuable time doing nothing mạo hiểm He risked doing that dangerous job because of hoping to help his children continue their education trì He keeps talking about that issue all the time Biên soạn Lê Công Đức YOUTUBE DUCLE ELT Đăng ký kênh để học online nhé! Learning hard, living happily! ... by the time you arrived, by 2 010 , before 2 010 , before you arrived… thường để nhấn mạnh hành động xảy xong By this time yesterday, I had done all of my homework By 2 010 , my house had been built... câu gián tiếp câu trực tiếp dùng khứ đơn hoàn thành He has visited twenty countries He said he had visited twenty countries Where did you go? He asked me where I had gone Công thức ghi nhớ... đứa nhỏ thôi, bạn không xem hết ảnh chơi đá banh từ đầu đến cuối They go to the supermarket to buy some food Thông thường người ta dùng to + động từ nguyên mẫu (to-infinitive) để mục đích hành