Nghiên cứu chọn lọc ổn định ba dòng gà lông màu TP4, TP2, TP3

BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO BỘ NÔNG NGHIỆP VÀ PTNT VIỆN CHĂN NUÔI CAO BÁ CƯỜNG NGHIÊN CỨU CHỌN LỌC ỔN ĐỊNH BA DỊNG GÀ LƠNG MÀU TP4, TP2, TP3 Chuyên ngành : Chăn nuôi Mã số : 62 62 01 05 LUẬN ÁN TIẾN SĨ NÔNG NGHIỆP Người hướng dẫn khoa học: TS PHÙNG ĐỨC TIẾN PGS TS NGUYỄN HUY ĐẠT HÀ NỘI - 2017 BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO BỘ NÔNG NGHIỆP VÀ PTNT VIỆN CHĂN NUÔI CAO BÁ CƯỜNG NGHIÊN CỨU CHỌN LỌC ỔN ĐỊNH BA DỊNG GÀ LƠNG MÀU TP4, TP2, TP3 Chun ngành : Chăn nuôi Mã số : 62 62 01 05 LUẬN ÁN TIẾN SĨ NÔNG NGHIỆP Người hướng dẫn khoa học: TS PHÙNG ĐỨC TIẾN PGS TS NGUYỄN HUY ĐẠT HÀ NỘI - 2017 i LỜI CAM ĐOAN Tôi xin cam đoan cơng trình nghiên cứu riêng tôi, số liệu, kết nêu Luận án trung thực khảo sát nghiên cứu, có tham gia cán bộ, viên chức Trung tâm Nghiên cứu gia cầm Thụy Phương Các số liệu chưa công bố cơng trình khác NGHIÊN CỨU SINH Cao Bá Cường ii LỜI CẢM ƠN Trong trình học tập triển khai thực đề tài luận án, nhận giúp đỡ, tạo điều kiện tập thể lãnh đạo, nhà khoa học, cán bộ, viên chức, người lao động Trung tâm Nghiên cứu gia cầm Thụy Phương; Viện Chăn ni Quốc gia Phòng Đào tạo Thơng tin; Tơi xin bày tỏ lòng cảm ơn chân thành giúp đỡ quý báu Đặc biệt, tơi xin bày tỏ lòng biết ơn sâu sắc tới TS Phùng Đức Tiến PGS.TS Nguyễn Huy Đạt - thầy trực tiếp hướng dẫn bảo cho tơi hồn thành luận án Tơi xin chân thành cảm ơn lãnh đạo trường ĐHSP Hà Nội 2, lãnh đạo Khoa Sinh - Kỹ thuật nông nghiệp, Phòng Cơng tác Chính trị - Học sinh, sinh viên, Đoàn trường ĐHSP Hà Nội 2, bạn bè, đồng nghiệp gia đình giúp đỡ, tạo điều kiện, động viên, khích lệ suốt q trình học tập hoàn thành luận án Xin trân trọng cảm ơn! TÁC GIẢ LUẬN ÁN NCS Cao Bá Cường iii DANH MỤC CÁC CHỮ VIẾT TẮT TRONG LUẬN ÁN CS : Cộng Cv : Coefficient of variation (Hệ số biến dị) ĐVT : Đơn vị tính h2 : Heritability (Hệ số di truyền) HSDT : Hệ số di truyền h2S+D : HSDT từ thành phần phương sai bố mẹ KL : Khối lượng NST : Năng suất trứng NT : Ngày tuổi NXB : Nhà xuất SE : Standard Error (Sai số chuẩn) TB : Trung bình TH : Thế hệ TL : Tỷ lệ TLĐ : Tỷ lệ đẻ TT : Tuần tuổi TTTĂ : Tiêu tốn thức ăn ƯTL : Ưu lai X : Giá trị trung bình iv MỤC LỤC Bảng 2.3 Chế độ dinh dưỡng nuôi gà thịt .49 2.3.4.1 Đặc điểm ngoại hình 52 2.3.4.2 Tỷ lệ nuôi sống 52 52 2.3.4.3 Khả sinh trưởng 52 2.3.4.4 Tiêu tốn thức ăn 53 2.3.4.5 Khả sinh sản 54 v DANH MỤC BẢNG Bảng 1.1 Hệ số di truyền tính trạng suất trứng 12 Bảng 1.2 Khối lượng trứng gà Sasso qua thời điểm khảo sát 15 Bảng 1.3 Khối lượng trứng số giống gà 15 Bảng 1.4 Một số công thức lai tạo công bố gần 30 Bảng 2.1 Chế độ nuôi dưỡng, chăm sóc gà sinh sản 49 Bảng 2.2 Chế độ dinh dưỡng nuôi gà sinh sản 50 Bảng 2.3 Chế độ dinh dưỡng nuôi gà thịt 50 Bảng 3.1 Tỷ lệ nuôi nuôi sống lượng thức ăn tiêu thụ hệ chọn lọc gà TP4 63 Bảng 3.2 Kết chọn lọc khối lượng thể gà TP4 tuần tuổi 65 Bảng 3.3 Kết chọn lọc suất trứng gà TP4 38 tuần tuổi vi 68 Bảng 3.4 Tuổi đẻ, khối lượng gà, khối lượng trứng dòng gà TP4 69 Bảng 3.5 Tỷ lệ đẻ suất trứng qua hệ dòng gà TP4 72 Bảng 3.6 Một số tiêu ấp nở gà TP4 73 Bảng 3.7 Tỷ lệ nuôi nuôi sống lượng thức ăn tiêu thụ dòng P2 75 Bảng 3.8 Kết chọn lọc khối lượng thể gà TP2 tuần tuổi 77 Bảng 3.9 Kết chọn lọc suất trứng 38 tuần tuổi dòng TP2 79 Bảng 3.10 Tuổi đẻ, khối lượng trứng qua hệ dòng TP2 81 Bảng 3.11 Tỷ lệ đẻ suất trứng qua hệ dòng TP2 82 Bảng 3.12 Một số tiêu ấp nở gà TP2 84 Bảng 3.13 Tỷ lệ nuôi nuôi sống lượng thức ăn tiêu thụ dòng vii TP3 87 Bảng 3.14 Kết chọn lọc khối lượng thể lúc tuần tuổi dòng TP3 88 Bảng 3.15 Kết chọn lọc suất trứng lúc 38 tuần tuổi dòng TP3 89 Bảng 3.16 Tuổi đẻ, khối lượng trứng hệ dòng TP3 90 Bảng 3.17 Tỷ lệ đẻ suất trứng qua hệ dòng TP3 92 Bảng 3.18 Một số tiêu ấp nở gà TP3 94 Bảng 3.19 Tỷ lệ màu lông gà mái gà TP32 TP23 (%) 95 Bảng 3.20 Tỷ lệ nuôi sống gà mái giai đoạn gà con, dò, hậu bị (%) 96 Bảng 3.21 Khối lượng thể gà mái giai đoạn gà con, dò, hậu bị (g/con) 97 Bảng 3.22 Lượng thức ăn tiêu thụ/con/giai đoạn gà con, dò, hậu bị (g) viii 99 Bảng 3.23 Tuổi thành thục sinh dục 100 Bảng 3.24 Tỷ lệ đẻ gà TP32, TP23 (%) 101 Bảng 3.25 Năng suất trứng gà TP32, TP23 102 Bảng 3.26 Tiêu tốn thức ăn/10 trứng (kg) 103 Bảng 3.27 Tỷ lệ nuôi sống gà TP43, TP42 (%) 105 Bảng 3.28 Khối lượng thể trung bình gà TP43, TP42 qua tuần tuổi 108 Bảng 3.29 Tốc độ sinh trưởng tuyệt đối gà TP43, gà TP42 109 Bảng 3.30 Tốc độ sinh trưởng tương đối gà TP43, gà TP42 (%) 110 Bảng 3.31 Tiêu tốn thức ăn/kg tăng khối lượng thể (kg) 112 Bảng 3.32 Tỷ lệ nuôi sống gà TP432, TP423 (%) Barria, N and Bradford, G.E 1981 Long-term selection for rapid gain in mice Genetic analysis at the limit of response J of Anim Sci 56:2 Basant, M.N Shafik; 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Nghiên cứu chọn lọc ổn định ba dòng gà lơng màu TP4, TP2, TP3 Mục tiêu đề tài - Chọn lọc ổn định ngoại hình, suất dòng gà lông màu TP4, TP2, TP3 hệ 4, 5, Trong đó: + Dòng trống TP4: Lơng màu. .. VÀ ĐÀO TẠO BỘ NÔNG NGHIỆP VÀ PTNT VIỆN CHĂN NUÔI CAO BÁ CƯỜNG NGHIÊN CỨU CHỌN LỌC ỔN ĐỊNH BA DỊNG GÀ LƠNG MÀU TP4, TP2, TP3 Chuyên ngành : Chăn nuôi Mã số : 62 62 01 05 LUẬN ÁN TIẾN SĨ NÔNG NGHIỆP... đề tài 3.1 Ý nghĩa khoa học - Chọn lọc ổn định kiểu hình, suất dòng gà TP4, TP2, TP3; Đánh giá khả sản xuất gà lai TP23, TP32 , TP43, TP42, TP423, TP432 - Kết nghiên cứu đề tài tài liệu khoa học