IELTS reading sample 1 6

www.ieltsbuddy.com – Free Online IELTS Advice IELTS Reading Sample - Passage In this first reading example you have to match headings to paragraphs and decide if statements from the reading are True, False, or Not Given Air Rage (A) The first recorded case of an airline passenger turning seriously violent during a flight, a phenomenon now widely known as “air rage”, happened in 1947 on a flight from Havana to Miami A drunk man assaulted another passenger and bit a flight attendant However, the man escaped punishment because it was not then clear under whose legal control a crime committed on plane was, the country where the plane was registered or the country where the crime was committed In 1963, at the Tokyo convention, it was decided that the laws of the country where the plane is registered take precedence (B) The frequency of air rage has expanded out of proportion to the growth of air travel Until recently few statistic were gathered about air rage, but those that have been indicate that passengers are increasingly likely to cause trouble or engage in violent acts For example, in 1998 there were 266 air rage incidents out of approximately four million passengers, a 400% increase from 1995 In the same period American Airlines showed a 200% rise Air travel is predicted to rise by 5% internationally by 2010 leading to increased airport congestion This, coupled with the flying public’s increased aggression, means that air rage may become a major issue in coming years (C) Aside from discomfort and disruption, air rage poses some very real dangers to flying The most extreme of these is when out of control passengers enter the cockpit This has actually happened on a number of occasions, the worst of which have resulted in the death and injury of pilots or the intruder taking control of the plane, almost resulting in crashes In addition, berserk passengers sometimes attempt to open the emergency doors while in flight, putting the whole aircraft in danger These are extreme examples and cases of air rage more commonly result in physical assaults on fellow passengers and crew such as throwing objects, punching, stabbing or scalding with hot coffee (D) The causes of air rage are not known for certain, but it is generally thought that factors include: passenger behavior and personality, the physical environment and changes in society A recent study has identified the issues that start the incidents to be as follows Alcohol 25% Seating 16% Smoking 10% Carry on luggage 9% Flight attendants 8% Food 5% www.ieltsbuddy.com – Free Online IELTS Advice www.ieltsbuddy.com – Free Online IELTS Advice (E) One of the major causes seems to be the passenger’s behavior or their personality Fear of flying and the feeling of powerlessness associated with flying can lead to irritable or aggressive passengers Also, alcohol consumed on a plane pressurized to 8000ft affects the drinker more quickly and the effects are stronger Many people not take account of this and drinking may increase any negative reaction to the flying environment they have, which, combined with the lowering of their inhibitions, may cause air rage Smoking withdrawal, which some liken in severity to opiate withdrawal, is another major cause of air rage incidents Passengers caught smoking in the toilets occasionally assault flight attendants and have been known to start fires When conflicts occur in these conditions, they can escalate into major incidents if the passenger has a violent personality or a fear of flying and because of the enclosed nature of a plane offers no option of retreat as would be natural in a “fight or flight” reaction (F) Some people feel that the physical environment of a plane can lead to air rage Seats on most airlines have become smaller in recent years as airlines try to increase profits This leads to uncomfortable and irritated passengers Also, space for carry on luggage is often very small Because up to 8% of checked in luggage is lost, misdirected or IELTS reading sample – IELTS reading sample Air Rage (A) The first recorded case of an airline passenger turning seriously violent during a flight, a phenomenon now widely known as “air rage”, happened in 1947 on a flight from Havana to Miami A drunk man assaulted another passenger and bit a flight attendant However, the man escaped punishment because it was not then clear under whose legal control a crime committed on plane was, the country where the plane was registered or the country where the crime was committed In 1963, at the Tokyo convention, it was decided that the laws of the country where the plane is registered take precedence (B) The frequency of air rage has expanded out of proportion to the growth of air travel Until recently few statistics were gathered about air rage, but those that have been indicate that passengers are increasingly likely to cause trouble or engage in violent acts For example, in 1998 there were 266 air rage incidents out of approximately four million passengers, a 400% increase from 1995 In the same period American Airlines showed a 200% rise Air travel is predicted to rise by 5% internationally by 2010 leading to increased airport congestion This, coupled with the flying public’s increased aggression, means that air rage may become a major issue in coming years (C) Aside from discomfort and disruption, air rage poses some very real dangers to flying The most extreme of these is when out of control passengers enter the cockpit This has actually happened on a number of occasions, the worst of which have resulted in the death and injury of pilots or the intruder taking control of the plane, almost resulting in crashes In addition, berserk passengers sometimes attempt to open the emergency doors while in flight, putting the whole aircraft in danger These are extreme examples and cases of air rage more commonly result in physical assaults on fellow passengers and crew such as throwing objects, punching, stabbing or scalding with hot coffee (D) The causes of air rage are not known for certain, but it is generally thought that factors include: passenger behavior and personality, the physical environment and changes in society A recent study has identified the issues that start the incidents to be as follows Alcohol 25% Seating 16% Smoking 10% Carry on luggage 9% Flight attendants 8% Food 5% (E) One of the major causes seems to be the passenger’s behavior or their personality Fear of flying and the feeling of powerlessness associated with flying can lead to irritable or aggressive passengers Also, alcohol consumed on a plane pressurized to 8000ft affects the drinker more quickly and the effects are stronger Many people not take account of this and drinking may increase any negative reaction to the flying environment they have, which, combined with the lowering of their inhibitions, may cause air rage Smoking withdrawal, which some liken in severity to opiate withdrawal, is another major cause of air rage incidents Passengers caught smoking in the toilets occasionally assault flight attendants and have been known to start fires When conflicts occur in these conditions, they can escalate into major incidents if the passenger has a violent personality or a fear of flying and because of the enclosed nature of a plane offers no option of retreat as would be natural in a “fight or flight” reaction (F) Some people feel that the physical environment of a plane can lead to air rage Seats on most airlines have become smaller in recent years as airlines try to increase profits This leads to uncomfortable and irritated passengers Also, space for carry on luggage is often very small Because up to 8% of checked in luggage is lost, misdirected or stolen, passengers have been trying to fit larger carry on items into these small storage areas and this can lead to disputes that can escalate into air rage Airlines could also be to blame by raising passengers’ expectations too high with their marketing and advertising Many air rage incidents start when disappointed passengers demand to be reseated Finally, there is some evidence to show that low oxygen levels can raise aggression level and make people feel more desperate Airlines have lowered oxygen levels to save money Now the level of oxygen in the air that the pilots breathe is ten times higher than in cabin class (G) Another reason that has been suggested is that society is getting ruder and less patient The increased congestion at airports, longer queues and increased delays have only added to this In addition, some air rage incidents have been linked to the demanding nature of high achieving business people, who not like people telling them what to and resent the power that the cabin staff have over them For them, a flight attendant is a waiter or waitress who should what the passenger wants (H) The strongest calls for action to control air rage have come from pilots and aircrew The International Transport Workers’ Federation argues that ...www.ieltsbuddy.com – Free Online IELTS Advice IELTS Reading Example This IELTS reading example focuses on the following IELTS reading question types:    Multiple Choice Sentence Completion Cause and Effect table completion The Container Trade The shipping container is one of the mainstays of international trade The globalised modern economy depends on the rapid and efficient movement of goods that containerisation allows In many ways it was the advent of the container that allowed this globalised economy to develop Invented during World War two as an efficient method of moving equipment to the front lines, there are now at any one time up to 15 million containers being used to transport goods on land and sea or waiting to be filled at factories and ports They are vital in the supply chain and have allowed the added efficiency of “just in time” inventory management, where companies no longer keep large warehouses of stock or parts, but rely on the ability to quickly order what they want from their suppliers It is estimated that since the 1980s the ratio of inventory to GDP in American business’ has fallen from 25% to 15% Altogether total business inventory in the US is estimated at $1.5 trillion, without “just in time” management methods this might be as much as $2.5 trillion This means that companies rely more and more on the prompt delivery of parts from their suppliers to fulfill orders This is particularly true of industries such as computer manufacture, which no longer make all the parts of the products that bear their names, but instead out source, often to suppliers half way around the world American computer manufacturers are, for example, increasingly dependent on Asian microchip manufacturers in countries such as Taiwan and Thailand An example of the kind of problems any disruption to the supply chain causes came after the September 11 attacks in the US When the Canadian border was shut for just two days causing chaos in the Detroit car industry, which relies on a regular flow of parts from Canada There are three main flows of sea borne cargo: trans-Pacific, trans-Atlantic and Europe-Far East The trans-Pacific route is by far the largest flow At 11 million TEU ( “twenty foot equivalent units” the standard measures of container volume, even though most containers are now 40 foot, 13 metres, long) a year It is almost twice the volume of Europe-Far East trade and three times the size of trans-Atlantic traffic During the 1990s, during America’s boom years, the trade grew enormously and this led to more and larger ships being built The container fleet grew by 12% in 2001 Until then, a container Click here: www.ieltsbuddy.com – Free Online IELTS Advice www.ieltsbuddy.com – Free Online IELTS Advice ship commonly carried 600 TEU, during the 1990s ships were being build that could carry up to 8000 TEU However after the 1990s there was a dramatic fall off in trade Trans-Pacific trade, for example, fell to 50% of its 1990s high This down turn is being handled by the shipping alliances which manage the global trade These large organizations are responsible for maintaining the fleets and seeing that the flow of goods is uninterrupted This is a job that governments feel that the regular and reliable flow of trade is so important that in many cases the shipping alliances are exempt from anti-trust and monopoly laws Their response has been to cut services, rest some of the older ships and share the burden amongst themselves At first, containers reduced theft as it was more difficult for casual thieves to get into the containers However, criminal gangs soon saw the potential for taking whole containers This became a profitable crime as the average value of a container grew to $500,000 by the 1980s Criminals also benefited from the convenience of containers when using them to transport drugs, illegal immigrants or other illegal goods Measures to combat this, including stronger locks and preference schemes for shippers who have www.ieltsbuddy.com – Free Online IELTS Advice IELTS Reading Passages - Sample Practicing with these IELTS reading passages will help you to improve your reading skills for IELTS and speed up your reading This reading passage will provide you practice with the following:   Short Sentence Completion Opinion Match Australia and the Great War, 1914 – 1918 Australia’s role in the First World War, or the Great War as it was known until 1939, is central to the development of modern Australia’s vision of itself in the world In many ways it has served to create what is in some ways a second founding of the nation in the Gallipoli campaign and on the battlefields of France and Belgium The influence of the war experience in the First, and Second, World War is evident in the way in which ANZAC day is, perhaps even more than Australia day, the country’s national day When the war broke out in 1914, it was a certainty that, because of longstanding economic, family and defense ties, Australia, along with New Zealand, would stand alongside Britain The then Prime Minister Andrew Fisher was quick to pledge the country’s support to “the last man, the last shilling” This was no idle promise and Australia paid a high price for their loyalty to their colonizers From a pre-war population of 5m, 417,000 enlisted in the armed forces, of which 324,000 served abroad By the end of the war, Australia had lost 60,000 dead and 155,000 men had been wounded The economic price was also high The national debt, which had stood at ₤6m in 1914, was ₤325m by the end of the war It is possible that the first shot of the war was fired in Australia, when a shot was fired across the bow of the German merchant ship Pfalz as it tried to escape from Port Arthur only a few hour after the declaration of war In late 1914 the light cruiser HMAS Sydney sank the German warship Emden off the west coast of the country Also early in the war, Australian troops captured the German radio transmitters in Rabaul and Nauru and conquered all of German New Guinea At first the Australian forces were intended only to defend Australia, but in 1915 the Australia New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC) departed for Europe Their first stop was Egypt and it was because they were so close that they were chosen to take part in the campaign to capture the Gallipoli peninsula, the key to shipping into the Black Sea, from the Turks The plan was for British, French and Anzac forces to land on the peninsular at night at weak points in the Turkish defense However, strong winds blew the troops off course to better defended spots and in the advantage was lost What followed was months of bitter fighting in which 20,000 British and 7,000 ANZAC soldiers were killed and which ended in a successful withdrawal, but no gain for the Allies It was at this moment of history that Australia was propelled on to the world stage From this moment onward Australia began to think of itself as a country in its own right; as being Click here: www.ieltsbuddy.com – Free Online IELTS Advice www.ieltsbuddy.com – Free Online IELTS Advice separate to Britain and no longer a colony Most of the ANZAC force was sent to Europe, but the Australian Light Horse remained to fight Turkish forces in Palestine and Syria They defended the Suez Canal and advanced through Palestine and Syria They also took part in what was one of the world’s last great cavalry charges at Beersheba The main ANZAC force arrived in Europe in 1916 The ANZAC experience was similar to that of the other participants in the war; a high death toll and little gain to be shown for it Australian forces were present at all the major battles of the war and sustained some terrible casualties For example, in 24 hours near Pozieres the 5th Division suffered 5,000 casualties At the battle of Bullecort, of the 3,000 men who advanced, 2339 were killed, wounded or captured By 1917 most of the officers were not professional soldiers The most prominent example was General Sir John Monash, who IELTS Speaking Test Japan Here is a sample of some speaking questions from an IELTS スピーキングテスト in Japan recently. IELTS スピーキングテスト | Part 1 What is your full name? My name is Asami Takashi Can I see your ID? Yes, here's my identification. Do you work or study? I am a student. What city are you from? I'm from Osaka Where is it located exactly? Osaka is in the Kansai region of Honshu, Japan's main island. It is located on the Yodo River on Osaka Bay, it's the third largest city in Japan. Do you like living there? Yes, I do, I think it's a lovely place. Tell me some interesting facts about it. Okay, well, Osaka is considered to be one of the economic centers of Japan and in the past it was famous as a trading center, especially for rice, and was where the first modern futures market developed. Are there many large cities in your country? Not all of them are large, I think there are ten cities which have more than 1 million people living in them. The three largest ones are Tokyo, then Yokohama, Osaka and Nagoya. These are the largest cities and have more than 2 million people living in them. The other cities are smaller. IELTS スピーキングテスト | Part 2 Describe the thing that you cannot live without (except phone and internet). Please say: • - What is it? - Why can’t you manage without it? - How long have you had it for? - How did you feel when you were without it? • Sample answer: I would have to say my car. Public transport in Japan is not so conevenient and sometimes Page 1 of 82 infrequent so havng a car is the preferred choice for getting around, especially if you have to travel to various places. I use my car mainly to go from my home to university and back. But at the moment I'm also workig as a part-time intern in a local business so I have to go there three afternoons a week as well. Trying to do all that by using public trasport would be almost impossible and would take a lot more time. I've had my car for about two years now, it's a Toyota Prius and I love it. It's very comfortable and well equipped and it's also easy to park and economical to run. I can't imagine having to do all the things I do normally without having my car. But a few months ago there was a problem with it. I noticed a strange noise coming from the front of the car one day. At first I ignored it, but then it gradually became worse and worse. I told my brother about it and he arranged for the car to be inspected by the mechanic. I'm not a very technical person , but apparently there was a problem with the suspension and they had to replace a part. That is the only problem I've ever had with it. The bad news was that they had to order the part specially and I was without my car for about ten days in total. It made my daily activities very difficult, and I didn't really like using the public transport at all. It wasted so much time. I was surprised how quickly I had gotten used to having my car and just how convenient it is. I hope that in the future I don't have any more problems with it. It really is an essential part of my life and I don't want to be without it again. IELTS スピーキングテスト | Part 3 Why do you think teenagers always want to have the latest devices such as the iPhone 5? I think it's quite natural. We live in a world that functions and centers around technology nowadays and having the latest device allows you to make the most of the advances and developments in the market. It's the same as older people like to have the latest model of car or a new apartment. People like to have the best or the latest version of things. It's not just teenagers. Why do they often buy a new one even though they already have one? One reason could be that each new verison normally has more functions or features than the older one and allows the user to do more or access more MA TRẬN ĐỀ KIỂM TRA HỌC KÌ I Môn : Đòa 9 ( Năm học 2008 – 2009) Nội dung Nhận biết Thông hiểu Vận dụng Tổng hợp TN TL TN TL TN TL TN TL 1/ Dân số- gia tămg dân số 2 0,5 2 0,5 1 0,25 5 1,25 2/ Vấn đề việc làm 1 0,25 1 0,25 3/ Cơ cấu và vai trò của dòch vụ 2 0,5 2 0,5 4 1 4/ Vùng Đồng bằng Sông Hồng 2 0,5 1 0,25 ½ 1 ½ 2 3 0,75 1 3 5/ Vùng Bắc Trung Bộ 2 0,5 1 2 1 0,25 3 0,75 1 2 6/ Vùng Duyên hải Nam Trung Bộ 2 0,5 1 0,25 1 2 1 0,25 4 1 ĐỀ KIỂM TRA HỌC KÌ I ( Năm học 2008 – 2009) Môn: Đòa 9( Thời gian 45’) Hiện tượng “Bùng nổ dân số” nước ta xuất hiện vào thời gian. a. Cuối thập niên 50 của thế kỉ XX. b. Cuối thập niên 60 của thế kỉ XX. c. Cuối thập niên 70 của thế kỉ XX. d. Cuối thập niên 80 của thế kỉ XX. [<br>] Hệ thống khách sạn nhà hàng thuộc hoạt động của dòch vụ. a. Dòch vụ sản xuất. b. Dòch vu ïtiêu dùng . c. Dòch vụ công cộng. d. Dòch vụ sản xuất và dòch vụ công cộng. [<br>] Công trình nhân tạo lớn nhất ở Đồng Bằng sông Hồng là. a. Tháp Báo Thiên. b. Kinh thành Thăng Long. c. Chùa Một cột. d. Hệ thống đê điều ven sông ven biển. [<br>] Nguyên nhân quan trọng nhất gây ô nhiễm môi trường ở Đồng bằng sông Hồng là do. a. Sự phát triển mạnh của các nhà máy công nghiệp. b. dân cư tập trung quá đông. c. Sử dụng phân hóa học thuốc trừ sâu không hợp lí. d. Sự phát triển mạnh của ngành du lòch. [<br>] Khó khăn lớn nhất trong sản xuất nông nghiệp ở vùng Duyên hải Nam Trung Bộ là. a. Đất đồng bằng ven biển nghèo dinh dưỡng. b. Quỹ đất nông nghiệp rất hạn chế. c. Có lượng mứa ít nhất cả nước. d. Thường bò bão lụt về mùa mưa. [<br>] Ngành đánh bắt hải sản ở vùng Duyên hải Nam Trung Bộ phát triển manïh nhờ điều kiện. a. Vùng này có nhiều bãi tôm, cá gần bờ dễ đánh bắt. b. Dân cư có truyền thống đánh bắt và chế biến hải sản. c. Đây là vùng biển cạn dễ đánh bắt gần bờ. d. Khí hậu nóng quanh năm thuận lợi cho đánh bắt hải sản. [<br>] Để giảm tỉ lệ gia tăng dân số , giải pháp quan trọng nhất của nhà nước ta là. a. Thực hiện tốt chính sách dân sô. b. Mở rộng hệ thống giáo dục – đào tạo. c. Tuyên truyền vận động chính sách dân số đến mọi người dân. d. Đẩy mạnh công nghiệp hóa- hiện đại hóa đất nước. [<br>] Dân số đơng và tăng nhanh gây ra hậu quả. A. Sức ép đối với kinh tế, xã hội và mơi trường. B. Chất lượng cuộc sống của người dân giảm. C. Hiện tượng ô nhiễm môi trường gia tăng. D. Tài nguyên ngày càng cạn kiệt,xã hội bất ổn. [<br>] Tỉ lệ gia tăng dân số tự nhiên ở nông thôn nước ta cao hơn thành thị do. A. Ở nông thôn khó áp dụng các biện pháp kế hoạch hóa gia đình. B. Nông thôn có nhiều ruộng đất nên cần nhiều lao động. C. Mặt bằng dân trí và mức sống của người dân thấp. D. Quan niệm “ Trời sinh voi, trời sinh cỏ” còn phổ biến. [<br>] Để phát triển các ngành dịch vụ ở nước ta cần phải có các điều kiện. A. Trình độ công nghệ cao, lao động lành nghề, cơ sở hạ tầng kĩ thuật tốt. B. Trình độ công nghệ cao, thu hút nhiều vốn đầu tư nước ngoài. C. Lao động lành nghề, nhiều máy móc hiện đại, giao thông phát triển. D. Phát triển văn hóa, y tế, giáo dục, sơ sở hạ tầng kĩ thuật tốt. [<br>] Để góp phần đưa Việt Nam nhanh chóng hội nhập nền kinh tế thế giới ngành dịch vụ có vai trò quan trọng nhất là. A. Bưu chính viễn thông. B. Giao thông vận tải. C. Khách sạn, nhà hàng. D. Tài chính tín dụng. [<br>] Xây dựng thủy lợi là biện pháp hàng đầu thâm canh nông nghiệp nước ta nhằm. A. Thay đổi cơ cấu mùa vụ, cải tạo đất, nâng cao năng xuất. B. Phát triển đa dang cây trồng, nâng cao năng xuất. C. Nâng cao năng xuất cây trồng, mở rộng diện tích đất canh tác. D. Cung cấp nước tưới- tiêu, cải tạo đất, mở rộng diện tích đất canh tác. [<br>] Trong sản xuất lương thực, vùng Duyên hải Nam Trung Bộ gặp khó khăn. A. Hiện tượng hoang mạc hóa, diện tích đồng bằng nhỏ hẹp. B. Mật độ dân cư thấp, ... inventors never envisaged IELTS reading exsample Australia and the Great War, 19 14 – 19 18 Australia’s role in the First World War, or the Great War as it was known until 19 39, is central to the... environment D is not wasteful IELTS Sample Reading: Questions – Complete the following summary of the third paragraph from the IELTS sample reading using ONE OR TWO WORDS from the reading texts British... many Containers are… (10 ) … countries and involve a vast amount of paperwork IELTS Reading Example: Questions 11 – 12 Complete the sentences below using words taken from the reading passage Use