GRAMMAR + BÀI TẬP THỨC GIẢ ĐỊNH (câu điều KIỆN WISH )

GRAMMAR + BÀI TẬP THỨC GIẢ ĐỊNH (câu điều KIỆN WISH ) câu điều kiện loại 3 phủ định×công thức các loại câu điều kiện×bài tập về đảo ngữ câu điều kiện×bài tập đảo ngữ với câu điều kiện×bài tập trắc nghiệm vê câu điều kiện×bài tập có đáp án câu điều kiện× Từ khóa bài tập trắc nghiệm về câu điều kiệnbai tap ve 3 loai cau dieu kienbài tập và đáp án câu điều kiệnbài tập tiếng anh về câu điều kiệnbài tập tổng hợp về câu điều kiệnbài tập đảo ngữ trong câu điều kiện

THỨC GIẢ ĐỊNH Phân loại: - Trong Tiếng Anh, thức giả định chia thành loại: a Giả định tại: cấu tạo cách V không chia ngơi (có nghĩa tất ngôi, V dạng (do)) o She learns English well (câu trần thuật thông báo thông tin) o God save you (thức giả định tại) - Dùng để chỉ: cầu nguyện, chúc tụng, yêu cầu, đề nghị o God save you! (Lạy chúa phù hộ cho chúng con) o God bless the Queen! (Giả định cầu xin) o Long live the British Communist Party! (chỉ cầu mong chúc tụng) o All the students be present here (chỉ yêu cầu) b Giả định khứ - Người ta gọi thức giả định khứ dựa vào hình thái khứ khơng có nghĩa hành động xảy khứ Ex: I wish I knew her She says as if she was living on the moon I’d rather you had met me yesterday - Giả định khứ dùng nhiều mẫu câu tiếng anh để ý nghĩa khác nhau: o Lời khuyên o Ước nguyện (ngược thực tế khứ) o Điều kiện (ngược thực tế khứ) o So sánh (ngược thực tế khứ) Ex: She wishes she were a teacher (She is a farmer) => giả định khứ ngược với If she were here, she would be angry It is high time you told her the truth - Đối với câu có sử dụng thức giả định, ta phải xác định V câu dùng thức giả định I Thức giả định MĐ phụ tân ngữ sau V “to wish” (có nghĩa “to wish” khơng phải thức giả định mà động từ thường; V sau “to wish” V giả định) Những mẫu câu sau với “wish” thức giả định  To wish for st: ước mong điều (có thể trở thành thực) I wish for a life without care and want (không lo lắng, không mong muốn) We wish for a perfect knowledge of the exam subjects  To wish sb N: chúc điều On the occasion of New Year I wish you good health and happiness  To wish to st: cầu mong làm (có thể trở thành thực) I wish to have a stable job and a happy life  To wish sb to do/not to do: mong làm gì/đừng làm (cầu mong trở thành thực) I wish you to study English well as English will be your means of work In other words, English will be your bread winner (cần câu cơm) Những mẫu câu sau với “wish” phải thức giả định o Đã V dùng MĐTN sau “to wish” V dùng thức giả định Dùng nào, ý nghĩa gì, tùy thuộc vào mẫu câu dây:  S + to wish (ở tại, khứ không cần quan tâm) + MĐ (giả định – you would): ý nghĩa đề nghị làm theo cách nói lịch I wish you would open the door (It is dark)  S + to wish + MĐTN (giả định – S would do)  Mong làm người ta có làm hay khơng thuộc quyền định họ, người nói khơng có quyền bắt buộc I wish she would go to the cinema with me tonight He wishes I would marry him  Dùng người ta khơng hài lịng với thực tế tại, mong muốn có thay đổi khơng làm điều nằm ngồi khả người I wish it would rain (chán thời tiết nắng) We wish it would stop raining  S + to wish + S + QK không xác định (giả định)  Dùng để ước nguyện điều ngược với thực tế ước nguyện điều khơng thành thực I don’t know her address (thực tế) => I wish I knew her address She wished she were 10 cm taller (thực tế cao 140cm) o Nếu câu có sử dụng “to be”, người ta dùng “to be” khứ số nhiều (were) dạng số (was) We wish it were (was) Sunday today (thực tế Saturday) o Nếu thức giả định ước nguyện khả làm điều ngược thực tế dùng V khuyết thiếu “can” dạng khứ “could” khả làm I wish I could fly like a bird We wish we could speak English as well you (do) o Like ≠ as (giống là)  Like (giới từ) + N  As (liên từ) + MĐ She can sing like a professional (n) You must as you were taught (Trong AE, người ta dùng “as” giới từ & liên từ o Like/Unlike (giới từ): luôn đứng đầu câu Like my friends, I am good at majors but unlike them, I’m good at music  S + to wish + MĐTN (S + QKTD) (giả định)  Chỉ ước nguyện ngược với điều xảy thời điểm Thực tế: She is living in Nam Dinh It is a boring city Giả định: She wishes she was living in some more exciting city, not Nam Dinh o Tính từ "some” adj dùng với N đếm số nhiều (some cats) N không đếm (some money) “some” với N đếm số ít, ý nghĩa “nào đó” (N chưa xác định) I wish for a seat in some college in North o Riêng với trường hợp này, “to be” dùng với QKTD ta không chia dạng số nhiều (were) với “I, he, she, it” mà phải chia số I wish I were (was) at home now I wish I was staying at home  S + to wish + MĐTN (S + QKHT) (giả định)  Dùng để ước nguyện ngược với thực tế xảy khứ (chỉ ân hận, nuối tiếc điều xảy q khứ) She married years ago He is a violent man => She wishes she hadn’t married him (ân hận khứ) She failed the exam as she was lazy last term  She wishes she had worked harder last term  S + to wish + MĐTN (S + QKHTTD)  Ước điều ngược với thực tế xảy khứ Thực tế: He was kissing another woman when his wife saw him Giả định: He wished he hadn’t been kissing another woman when his wife saw him I wish I hadn’t been speeding up when the police stopped me NOTE: Muốn xác định V dùng thức giả định MĐTN, ta phải xác định: ý nghĩa, phạm trù thời gian hành động xảy để định V EXERCISES Bài 1: Cho dạng động từ ngoặc: I wish he …………… here now (be) 15 She wishes that she …………… at home now (be) She wishes you …………… better (feel) 16 I wish I …………… the news (hear) I wish that you …………… here yesterday (be) 17 You wish that he …………… you last week (help) I wish he …………… he work tonight (finish) 18 I wish I …………… the subject more interesting (find) We wish you …………… tomorrow (come) She wishes she …………… the window last night (open) I wish you …………… earlier yesterday (leave) We wish they …………… with us last weekend (come) They wish he …………… with them the next day (come) 10 They wish we …………… them some food yesterday (give) 11 We wish you …………… yesterday (arrive) 12 I wish I …………… the answers (not lose) 13 You wish you …………… what to last year (know) 14 I wish that he …………… us next year (visit) 19 He always wishes he …………… rich (be) 20 The boy wishes that he …………… the competition the next day (win) 21 I wish the weather …………… warmer now (be) 22 They wish he …………… them next week (telephone) 23 He wishes you …………… him in the future (help) 24 She wishes the mail …………… soon (come) 25 They wish she …………… the arrangements for the meeting next week (make) 26 We wish they …………… or we will miss the bus (hurry) 27 You wish the door …………… (open) 28 He wishes he …………… us the book (show) 29 They wish we …………… for them (wait) 30 I wish you …………… to me (to write) 31 She wishes you …………… her (to join) 32 He wishes he …………… ready (to be) 33 She wishes she …………… how to sing (to know) 34 They wish it …………… warmer (to be) 35 Does he wish he …………… younger? (to be) 36 She wishes she …………… the arrangements earlier (make) 37 They wish they …………… the appointment (not forget) 38 We wish it …………… yesterday (not snow) 39 We always wish we …………… fluent in other languages (be) 40 I wish I …………… near my school ( live) 41 I wish I …………… her address ( know) 42 I wish I …………… taller (be ) 43 I wish I …………… her now (meet) 44 I wish he ………………….here tomorrow (not leave) 45 She wishes she ………… her homework last night (finish) 46 I wish they ………….here last Sunday (come) 47 I wish they …………….us last week (visit) 48 She wishes she …………… her holiday at the seaside last weekend ( spend) 49 I wish the weather ……………….hot yesterday (be not) 50 I wish I …………………a doctor when I grow up ( be ) 51 They wish it ………………… tomorrow (not rain) Bài 2: Chọn đáp án để hoàn thành câu sau I wish I (have/ has/ had) a lot of interesting book 52 We wish we ….…………… a test next Tuesday (not have) 53 I wish it ………………… fine on the party next week (be) 54 I wish tomorrow ………………a beautiful day (be) 55 I wish I (go)…………………………… to the movie with you 56 I wish I (have)……………………………………… day off 57 I wish I (study)…………………………… Latin instead of Greek 58 I wish I (not/ spend)……………………………… so much money 59 I wish the weather (be) ………… …………….warm, so we could go swimming 60 I wish I (ask)…………………………….……… him how to get there 61 I wish I (not stay)………….……………… at home 62 I wish I (not/ buy) …………….…………… that book 63 I wish I (not/ see) ……………….…………….him 64 I wish I (not/ call)……………….……………… him a liar 65 I don’t have time to go to “High Quality Good Fair “ I wish I (go) ………there 66 The weather is very hot I wish it (be) ………………………… cooler 67 We seldom write to her I wish we (write) ………………… to her more often 68 John doesn’t know how to swim He wishes he (can) ……………… …… swim 69 John doesn’t buy the book She wishes she (buy) …………………… … it 70 Mai doesn’t pass the exam She wishes she (study) …………… …… harder 71 We will not go to Ha Long Bay next week I wish we (go) …………… there 72 It is raining now I wish it (stop) ……………………… raining soon 73 My parents are not in now I wish they (be) ……….……at home with us now 74 I know Nam will not lend me his car I wish he (lend) ……………… it to me 2 I wish I (would meet/ met/ meet ) her tomorrow I wish I (was/ were/ am) your sister I wish they ( won/ had won/ would win) the match last Sunday I wish they ( played/ playing/ play) soccer well She wishes she (will/ would/ can) come here to visit us I wish yesterday ( were /was/had been ) a better day I wish I (can speak/ could speak/ will speak) many languages I wish tomorrow ( were/ will be/ would be) Sunday 10 I wish I ( am/ was/ were) a movie star Bài 3: Tìm sửa lỗi sai câu sau She wish she could speak English well I wish it stops raining now I wish it didn’t rained now 10 I wish you are my sister I wish I was a doctor to save people 11 She wishes she is the most beautiful girl in the world I wish I have more time to look after my family He wishes it didn’t rain yesterday 12 I wish Miss Brown will come here and stay with us next week I wish my father gives up smoking in the near future 13 I wish I am at home with my family now 14 I wish I could been there with you I wish I studied very well last year 15 She wish she could go home now I wish you will come to my party next week Bài 4: Viết lại câu sau sử dụng câu ước với “wish” I have to study hard She doesn’t join in the trip -> I wish ……………………………………….…………… -> I wish ……………………………………….…… We had a lot of homework yesterday I am not good at English -> I wish ……………………………………………………………………… -> I wish ……………………………………….……… It is raining heavily -> I ……………………………………….……………………… It was cold last night -> I wish ……………………………………….…… They work slowly -> I wish ……………………………………….… ………… He studies badly -> I wish ……………………………………….……………… wish He doesn’t like playing sports -> I wish ……………………………………….… I don’t have a computer -> I wish …………………………… ………….……… 10 Today isn’t a holiday -> I wish ……………………………………….………… -> I wish ………………………………………….……… 11 I can’t sing this song 21 I don’t know more people -> I wish ………………………………………….………… I wish………………………………………….……… 12 He was punished by his mother 22 I don’t have a key -> I wish ……………………………………………………  I wish………………………………………….……… 13 They won’t come here again 23 Ann isn’t here -> I wish ………………………………………….………… I wish………………………………………….……… 14 He won’t go swimming with me 24 It is cold -> I wish …………………………………………………… I wish………………………………………….……… 15 We didn’t understand them 25 I live in a big city (I don’t like it) I wish………………………………………….……… -> We wish ………………………………………….…… 26 I can’t go to the party (and I like it) 16 I will be late for school I wish………………………………………….……… -> I wish ………………………………………….……… 27 I have to work tomorrow (I like to stay in bed) 17 The bus was late today I wish………………………………………….……… -> I wish ………………………………………….……… 28 I don’t get good marks 18 She doesn’t like this place I wish………………………………………….……… -> I wish ………………………………………….……… 29 I’m not lying on a beautiful sunny beach 19 These students talked too much in class I wish………………………………………….……… -> I wish ………………………………………………… 30 Hoa and Ba won’t go fishing this weekend 20 I can’t play basketball They wish ………………………………………….……… ĐÁP ÁN Bài 1: were felt had been would come had would come 10 had given 11 had arrived 13 had known 14 would visit 15 were 17 had helped 18 found 21 were had left 19 were 22 would telephone 23 would help would finish had come 12 had not lost 16 had heard 20 would win 24 would come 25 would make 26 would hurry 27 would open 28 had shown 29 would wait 30 would write 31 would join 32 were 33 knew 34 were 37 had not forgotten 41 knew 35 were 38 hadn't snowed 42 were 39.were 43 met 36 had made 40 Lived 44 wouldn’t leave 45 had finished 46 had come 47 had visit 48 had spent 49 weren’t hot 50 were 51 wouldn’t rain 52 wouldn’t have 53 would be 54 would be Bài 2: Bài 3: Bài 4: had wish -> wishes I wish I didn’t have to study would meet 2.rained -> rain I wish we hadn’t had a lot of homework yesterday were was -> were I wish it didn’t rain heavily had won have -> had I wish it hadn’t been cold last night played didn’t rain -> hadn’t rain I wish they didn’t work slowly would gives -> would give I wish she joined in the trip had been studied -> had studied I wish I were good at English could speak will -> would I wish he didn’t studied badly would be stops -> stopped I wish he liked playing sports 10 were 10 are -> were I wish I had a computer 11 is - were 10 I wish today were a holiday 12 will -> would 11 I wish I could sing this song 13 am -> were 12 I wish he hadn’t been punished by his mother 14 been -> be 13 I wish they would come here again 15 wish -> wishes 14 I wish I he would go swimming with me 15 We wish we had understood them 16 I wish I wouldn’t be late for school 17 I wish the bus hadn’t been late today 18 I wish she liked this place 19 I wish these students hadn’t talked too much in class 20 I wish I could play basketball II III Mẫu giả định với thành ngữ “If only” – ước gì, mà Thức giả định với mẫu câu có chủ ngữ giả đại từ vô nhân xưng “It” IV Mẫu câu giả định với số adj mang ý nghĩa ngạc nhiên, buồn cười, lố bịch, ngu xuẩn, bực mình, nhố nhăng, kì lạ V Thức giả định mẫu câu xin phép làm theo cách nói lịch xã giao VI Mẫu câu ước nguyện điều ngược với thực tế khứ: mà VII Thức giả định MĐ điều kiện Định Nghĩa Câu Điều Kiện - Câu điều kiện dùng để nêu lên giả thiết việc, mà việc xảy điều kiện nói đến xảy Câu điều kiện gồm có hai phần (hai mệnh đề): o Mệnh đề nêu lên điều kiện (còn gọi mệnh đề IF) mệnh đề phụ hay mệnh đề điều kiện o Mệnh đề nêu lên kết mệnh đề Ví dụ: If it rains - I will stay at home Mệnh đề điều kiện - mệnh đề (Nếu trời mưa - nhà - Hai mệnh đề câu điều kiện đổi chỗ cho được: mệnh đề đứng trước hai mệnh đề không cần dấu phẩy, ngược lại phải có dấu phẩy Ví dụ: You will pass the exam if you work hard (Bạn vượt qua kỳ thi bạn học tập chăm chỉ.) => If you work hard, you will pass the exam (Nếu bạn học tập chăm chỉ, bạn vượt qua kỳ thi.) - Các loại câu điều kiện: Type Forms Usage If + S + V(s,es), S+ V(s,es)/câu mệnh lệnh If + S + V(s,es), S + Will/Can/shall + Vo Đk xảy hiẹn ỏ tương lai If + S + V2/ Ved, S +would/ Could/ Should + Vo Đk khơng có thật If + S + Had + V3/Ved, S + would/ could + have + V3/Ved Đk khơng có thật q khứ Đk kết If + S + had + V3/Ved, S + would + Vo hợp A - Câu điều kiện loại I Khái niệm câu điều kiện loại Câu điều kiện loại I cịn gọi câu điều kiện có thực Điều kiện xảy tương lai  Cấu trúc - Công thức câu điều kiện loại If + S + V (hiện tại), S + will + V (nguyên mẫu) - Nói cách khác, câu điều kiện loại 1, mệnh đề IF dùng đơn, mệnh đề dùng tương lai đơn o Chủ ngữ chủ ngữ trùng Bổ ngữ khơng có, tùy ý nghĩa câu Mệnh đề IF mệnh đề đứng trước hay sau o Trong câu điều kiện loại I, động từ mệnh đề điều kiện chia đơn, cịn động từ mệnh đề chia tương lai đơn Ví dụ: - If you come into my garden, my dog will bite you (Nếu anh vào vườn tơi, chó tơi cắn anh đó.) If it is sunny, I will go fishing (Nếu trời nắng tốt, câu cá.) Cách dùng câu điều kiện loại 1: - Câu điều kiện loại cịn gọi câu điều kiện có thật Ta sử dụng câu điều kiện loại để đặt điều kiện thực nêu kết xảy B Câu điều kiện loại II Khái niệm câu điều kiện loại 2: - Câu điều kiện loại II gọi câu điều kiện khơng có thực - Điều kiện khơng thể xảy tương lai, điều kiện giả thiết, ước muốn trái ngược với thực trạng  Cấu trúc câu điều kiện loại If + S + V (quá khứ), S + would + V (nguyên mẫu) - Trong câu điều kiện loại II, động từ mệnh đề điều kiện chia bàng thái cách (Past subjunctive), hình thức chia động từ giống hệt khư đơn, riêng động từ “to be” dùng “were” cho tất ngơi Ví dụ: - If I were a bird, I would be very happy (Nếu chim, hạnh phúc.) Were it not for…, S would Vo  If it weren’t for her parents, she would never return => Were it not for her parents, she would never return c Với câu đk loại có sử dụng “were”: đảo were lên đầu câu thay cho If  If I were you, I would give him a lesson => Were I you, I would give him a lesson 3.3 Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện loại 3: a Had + S + V3/Ved, S + Would have + V3/Ved  If he had trained hard, he would have won the match => Had he trained hard, he would have won the match b Had it not been for N, S would have V3 Had it not been for the bad weather, we would have had a better holiday c Were S to have V3, S would have V3 Were she to have signed the contract, she would have been put into prison NOTE: Thông thường thi gặp đảo từ dạng khó hơn: từ MĐ điều kiện có dùng “had done” sang đảo từ dùng “were” đầu câu Vì qúa trình làm, ta phải biến đổi sang loại đặc biệt (were to have done) sau đảo từ Ví dụ: If she had bought that house, she would have had much money last night => If she were to have bought that house, she would have had much money last night => Were she to have bought that house, she would have had much money last night * If not = Unless c Unless thường dùng câu điều kiện, lúc Unless = If not Ví dụ: a Unless we start at once, we will be late b If we don't start at once we will be late c Unless you study hard, you won't pass the exams d If you don't study hard, you won't pass the exams Câu điều kiện rút gọn d Là loại câu điều kiện thành phần câu bị lược bỏ người ta hiểu đươc ý nghĩa điều kiện Ta thường gặp mẫu câu rút gọn sau đây: If + adj (It is) a If necessary, you must set off at once (= If it is necessary, you must set off at once.) b If rainy, stop working c If cold, put on enough warm clothes If so, (nếu vậy) d Dùng trường hợp trước phải có câu, người ta dùng “If so” để tránh nhắc lại câu trước i She did not work for us If so, what shall we do? If + V3 (nếu bị) e Ở người ta lược bỏ S “to be” câu bị động i If asked questions, you must say “No” (= If you are asked questions, you must say “No”.) 15 CẤU TRÚC DÙNG NHƯ CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN Cấu trúc Ví dụ Cách dùng “ Unless”: trừ = “if…not” “When”: “ Suppose” / “Supposing”: giả sử - If he does not get up early, he will be late for school  Unless he gets up early, he will be late for school - If you like reading books, you will learn many useful things in life  When you like reading books, you will learn many useful things in life - Suppose he is right, his wife will be wrong - Supposing he hates you, what will you do? “ Provided that”: miễn “ Providing that”: miễn - We accepted your job application form provided that you have good qualifications “ Assuming: giả sử - Assuming they have a lot of money, they will invest the capital in business “Without”: = “if…not” - If my friend doesn’t help me, I can not complete my Math homework  Without my friend’s help, I can not complete my Math homework “On condition that”: với điều kiện - She will help you on condition that you are kind to her “Câu mệnh lệnh + and” “So long as” = “as long as”: mà, chừng mà 10 “In case”: trường hợp 11 “Even if”: chí, - If you learn English, you will become a good English teacher some day  Learn English and you will become a good English teacher some day - She will return home and live happily with him so long as he stops drinking wine - In case I forget, please remind me of that - Even if we had been invited to the party , we could not have come because we were very busy 12 “As if, as though”: thể - He looked as if he had run 15 miles - She dressed as though it was winter even in the summer 13 “But for”: - If she hadn’t assisted me, I should not - “ Unless” dùng để thay cho “If + not” mệnh đề phụ - “ When” dùng để thay cho “If ” mệnh đề phụ - “ Suppose” / “Supposing”: dùng để thay cho “If ” mệnh đề phụ - “ Provided that” / “ Providing that” dùng để thay cho “If ” mệnh đề phụ - “ Assuming” dùng để thay cho “If ” mệnh đề phụ - “ Without” dùng để thay cho “If + not” mệnh đề phụ Nhưng sau ta dùng cụm từ không dùng mệnh đề - “ on condition that ” dùng để thay cho “If ” mệnh đề phụ - “ Câu mệnh lệnh + and” dùng để thay cho “If ” mệnh đề phụ - “ so long as” dùng để thay cho “If ” mệnh đề phụ - “ In case” dùng để thay cho “If ” mệnh đề phụ - “ Even if” dùng mang tính chất nhấn mạnh “if” - Chỉ dùng câu ĐK loại thay cho “if”, V “to be” chia bình thường QK đơn, không dùng hết “were” - “ But for” dùng để thay cho “If+ not” khơng vì, khơng có 14 “If only”: Ước 15 “Otherwise”: khơng have completed my plans  But for her assistance, I should not have completed my plans - If only out teacher comes to see us now - If only he will take my advice, I will be very happy - If only she were at home mệnh đề phụ Nhưng sau ta dùng cụm từ khơng dùng mệnh đề - Dùng với HTĐ TLĐ để diễn tả hy vọng - Dùng với QKĐ để điều ước khơng xảy tương lai - If only he had worked harder, he could - Dùng với QKHT để diễn tả điều ước have passed the last matriculation( ky thi ko xảy QK tuyen vao dai hoc) - “ Otherwise” dùng để thay cho “If + not” mệnh đề phụ Tuy nhiên lại - If he is not at home before 11p.m, he đứng trước MĐ chính, MĐ phụ bỏ “if “và will be locked out “not”  He must be at home before 11p.m; otherwise he will be locked out - Nếu mệnh đề phụ có V “to be” ta phải thêm vào trước V khuyết thiếu - Her director paid her good salary; mang nghĩa cho phù hợp với câu MĐ otherwise she wouldn’t work longer phụ - If her director didn’t pay her good salary, she wouldn’t work longer - Trước “otherwise” dấu chấm phẩy ko phải dấu phẩy bình thường REVISION OF CONDITIONAL SENTENCES I- Choose the most suitable tense 1- I can’t understand what he sees in her! If anyone treats / will treat / treated me like that, I am / will be / would be extremely angry 2- If you help / helped me with this exercise, I will / would the same for you one day 3- According to the timetable, if the train leaves / left on time, we will / would arrive at 5.30 4- If it is / will be fine tomorrow, we go / will go to the coast 5- If we find / found a taxi, we will get / would get there before the play starts 6- It’s quite simple really If you take / will take / took these tablets every day, then you lose / will lose / lost / would lose weight 7- I don’t like this flat I think I will be / I am / I’d be happier if I lived / live / will live /would live in a house in the country 8- I can’t play football, but I’m sure that if I will / / did, I play / will play / would play a lot better than anyone in this awful team 9- I phone / will phone / phone you tonight, are you / will you be / would you be in? 10- Why didn’t you tell me? – If you told / had told me, I had / would have helpedyou 11- If Bill didn’t stea l/ hadn’t stolen the car, he weren’t / wouldn’t be / hadn’t beenin prison now 12- If Ann weren’t driving / didn’t drive / hadn’t driven so fast, her car didn’t crash /wouldn’t crash / wouldn’t have crashed into a tree 13- Let me give some advice If you smoked / would smoke / had smoked less, youdidn’t feel / wouldn’t feel / wouldn’t have felt tired 14- What bad luck! If Alan didn’t fall / hadn’t fallen / wouldn’t fall over, he won / would win / would have won the race 15- If you invited/had invited me last week, I was able/had been able/would have been able to come 16- I’m sure your letter hasn’t arrived yet If it came/had come, I’m sure I noticed/hadnoticed/would have noticed it 17- We have a suggestion to make How you feel/would you feel if weoffered/would offer/had offered you the job of assistant manager 18- If you lent/had lent us the money, we paid/would pay/had paid you back next week 19- I wish Peter doesn’t live/didn’t live/wouldn’t live so far away from the town center We’ll have to take a taxi 20- I feel rather cold I wish I brought/had brought my pullover with me 21- I wish you tell/had told/told me about the test I haven’t done my revision 22- I’m sorry I missed your birthday party I really wish I come/came/had come/wouldcome 23- I like my new boss but I wish she gave/would give/could give me some more responsibility 24- Having a lovely time in Brighton, I wish you are/were/had been here Love, Mary 25- A cheque is all right, but I’d rather you pay/paid me cash 26- If only I have/had/would have a screwdriver with me 27- If you want to catch the last train, it’s time you leave/left 28- I’d rather you don’t tell/didn’t tell anyone about our conversation 29- It’s high time you learn/learned to look after yourself 30- Jean thinks that everyone likes her If only she knows/knew what people say behind her back II- Put each verb in bracket into a suitable tense 123456789101112131415161718- It’s a pity you missed the party If you (come)…….you (meet)………… my friend from Hungary If we (have)…… some tools, we (be)……….able to repair the car, but we haven’t had any with us Thank you for your help If you (not help)………me, I (not pass)……….the examination It’s a beautiful house, and I (buy)……….it if I (have)………the money, but I can’t afford it I can’t imagine what I (do)……… with the money if I (win) ……….the football pools or a lottery Mark isn’t a serious athlete If he (train)…………harder, he (be)…….quite a good runner If Claire (listen)………to her mother, she (not marry)……….David in the first place It rained every day in our holiday If we (not take)……… the TV with us, we (not have) anything to Jim is so untidy! If he (buy)………some new clothes, he (not look) so bad I wish I(have)…… the money to buy some new clothes, but I can’t afford it at the moment I wish the government (do)………something about the air pollution in this city I’m getting really soaked! I wish I (not forget)……… my umbrella That was a lovely meal, but I wish I (not eat) ……….so much Come on children! It’s time you (be)……… in bed Actually, I’d rather you (not smoke)……… in here Suppose you (see)……… a ghost, what would you do? I’m so annoyed about my car accident If only I (be)………… more careful! I’d rather you (not put)………your coffee on the top of the book III- Rewrite each sentence, beginning as shown 1- I didn’t have an umbrella with me so I got wet I wouldn’t…………………………… 2- I’ll call the police if you don’t leave me alone Unless……………………………… 3- In the snowy weather we don’t go to school If……………………………………… 4- Without Jack’s help, I wouldn’t have been able to move this table If………………… 5- You drink too much coffee, that’s why you can’t sleep If you……………………… 6- Make me some coffee, and I’ll give you some sweets If…………………………… 7- If you hadn’t told me about Sue’s hair, I wouldn’t have noticed her Unless……… 8- If you see Peter, tell him he should be here at 00 Should………………………… 10 9- I wouldn’t accept if you asked me to marry you If you were………………………… 11 10- What would you if there were an earthquake? Supposing…………………… 12 11- If you the shopping, I’ll cook lunch You………………………………………… 13 12-What would you if you found some buried treasure? If you were…………… 14 13- If Paul hadn’t been interested, the project would have been abandoned But for… 15 14- If by any chance you find my wallet, could you let me know? If you happen…… 16 15- I might be late If so, start without me If I…………………………………………… 17 16- The fire was brought under control thanks to the night watch-man If it hadn’t… 18 17- Dick is in prison because a detective recognized him If a………………………… 19 18- If you want my advice, I’d think twice about buying a car like that If I…………… 20 19- If the painting is finished by Saturday, we’ll pay you extra Finish………………… 21 20- Getting up early makes me feel hungry If ………………………………………… 22 21- Please don’t eat in the classroom I’d rather…………………………………… 23 22- I think we should leave now I think it’s time……………………………… 24 23- What a pity we ate all the food If only we………………………………………… 25 24- It’s a shame we don’t have a TV I wish……………………………………………… IV- Rewrite each of the following sentences, using the word in the capital 1- If you have any free time, could you give me a ring? 2- We won’t go away if the weather is bad 3- I didn’t have the money, so I didn’t buy a new suit 4- If you hurry up, you won’t be late 5- If they offered you the job, would you accept? 6- If you are in London by any chance, come and see me 7- Without you, I would have given up years ago 8- Please take a seat, and I’ll inquire for you 9- Don’t take this job if you don’t really want it 10 10- I wasn’t tall enough to reach the shelf 11 11- If the ship sank, what would you do? 12 12- If you should notice what’s on at the cinema, let me know 13 13- If you hadn’t encouraged me, I would have given up 14 14- I don’t have any money, so I can’t lend you any 15 15- But for Helen, the play would be a flop V- Choose the best option SHOULD UNLESS WOULD GOING WERE HAPPEN BEEN WILL UNLESS TALLER WERE HAPPEN BUT IF WERE 1- It would have been a much more serious accident……… fast at the time A- had she been driving B- was she driving C- she had driven D- she drove 2- Can I borrow your car for this evening? – Sure, but Nora’s using it right now If she … it back, you are welcome to borrow it A- brought B- would bring C- will bring D- brings 3- I didn’t get home until well after midnight last night Otherwise, I…… your call A- returned B- had returned C- would return D- would have returned 4- If energy………inexpensive and unlimited, many things in the world would be different A- is B- will be C- were D- would be 5- We……… the game if we’d had a few more minutes A_ might have won B- won C- had won D- will win 6- I………Alan with me if I had known you and he didn’t get along with each other A_ hadn’t brought B- didn’t bring C- wouldn’t have brought D- won’t bring 7- The lecturer last night didn’t know what he was talking about, but if Dr Mason………, I would have listened carefully A- had been lecturing B- was lecturing C- would lecture D- lectured 8- If you………to my advice in the first place, you wouldn’t be in this mess right now A- listen B- will listen C- had listened D- listened 9- ………… interested in that subject, I would try to learn more about it A- Were I B- Should I C- I was D- If I am 10- If I………the same problems you had as a child, I might not have succeeded in life as well as you have A- have B- would have C- had had D- should have 11- I…………you sooner had someone told me you were in hospital A- would have visited B- visited C- had visited D- visit C- I have needed D- I should need 12- ……….more help, I could call my neighbor A- Needed B- Should I need 13- ……… then what I know today, I would have saved myself a lot of time and trouble over the years A- Had I known B- Did I know C- If I know D- If I would know 14- I didn’t know you were asleep Otherwise, I………… so much noise when I came in A- didn’t make B- wouldn’t have made c- won’t make D- don’t make 15- When I stopped talking, Sam finished my sentence for me as though he………… my mind A- would read D- had read C- reads D- can read 16- If you………., I would have brought my friends over to your house this evening to watch TV, but I didn’t want to bother you A- had studied B- studied C- hadn’t been studying D- didn’t study 17- I wish I……… you some money for your rent, but I’m broke myself A- can lend B- could lend C- would lend D- will lend 18- “Are you lost?” – “I think so I wish we……… the map with us today.” A- were bringing B- brought C- had brought D- would bring 19- If I weren’t working for an accounting firm, I………… in a bank A- work B- will work C- have worked D- would be working 20- What……… today if you hadn’t come here this weekend?” – “I guess I’d be putting on extra hours at my office.” A- did you - can you C- will you be doing D- would you be doing Bài tập 1: Chia động từ ngoặc theo dạng Bring him another if he (not/like) this one She (be) angry if she (hear) this tomorrow Unless you are more careful, you (have) an accident If you (like) , I (get) you a job in this company If grandmother (be) years younger, she (play) some games If he sun (stop) shinning, there (be) no light on earth If I (be) a millionaire, I (live) on Mars Bài tập 2: Viết lại câu theo gợi ý I didn’t eat lunch, I feel hungry now  If I………………………………… If it hadn’t rained, we would have a better crop.But for……………………………………… If you want my advice, I wouldn’t buy it. If I ……………………………………… I only come if they invite me. Unless……………………… He didn’t revise all his lessons, he failed the exam. If he……………………………………………… His sister sent her money, so he continued to study. But for………………………………………… The park is over there, only minutes’ walk. If you walk……………………………… In case it rains, we’ll stay at home  If it…………………………… Bài tập 3: Sửa câu sai sau: Should anyone rang, could you take a message? Were the customers not complained, nothing would have been done Was I a bird, I would fly Unless you don’t have a good command of English, you won't be able to work for this company Were they live in Australia now, they would go swimming IV BÀI TẬP VỀ NHÀ Bài tập 1: Viết lại câu sau dựa vào từ cho sẵn: I'll buy a new hat I'll give it to you Because she missed the bus, she was late If If Today isn't Sunnday The pupils can't go swimming Peter doesn't study hard, so he can't get good marks If If He wasn't here He didn't have a lot of fun My sister is absent from her class because she has a terrible headache If My brother will have anough money He will buy a bicycle If Windy didn't come, so we cancelled the meeting If If He didn't have time He didn't read this novel 10 He was angry, so he didn't say anything If If Bài tập 2: Chia động từ ngoặc 10 11 12 If it had not rained, we (go) _ camping If he (speak) _ more slowly, I could have understood him What _you (do) _ if you were a mokey? If he had listened carefully, he (perform) _well in his examination If I find your book, I (give) _ it to you If you came with us, you (have) _ a good time If I (not/miss) _ the bus, I could have come early If I took a trip this summer, I (go) _ to DatLat If he (not/steal) _ the wallet, he (not/be) _ in prison now If they (invite) _ yesterday, I (be) _ is a good day tomorrow We (go) _ swimming if it (be) _ a good day tomorrow If the weather (be) _ nice last day, I (go) _ for a walk 13 14 15 16 17 18 My dog always barks if he (hear) _ anything unusual If he (not/ do) _ come soon, I'm not going to wait If the phone (ring) _, can you answer it? If it rains this evening, I (not/will) _ go out If she (come) _, she will ghe a surprise If we had had enough money, we (buy) _ that house Đáp án: Bài 1: Bring him another if he doesn’t like this one She will be angry if she hears this tomorrow Unless you are more careful, you will have an accident If you like, I will get you a job in this company If grandmother were years younger, she would play some games If the sun stopped shinning, there would be no light on earth If I were a millionaire, I would live on Mars Bài 2: I didn’t eat lunch, I feel hungry now  If I had eaten lunch, I wouldn’t feel hungry now If it hadn’t rained, we would have a better crop  But for rain, we would have a better crop If you want my advice, I wouldn’t buy it  If I were you, I wouldn’t buy it  Unless they invite me, I won’t come He didn’t revise all his lessons, he failed the exam  If he had revised all his lessons, he wouldn’t have failed the exam His sister sent her money, so he continued to study  But for his sister’s money, he wouldn’t have continued to study The park is over there, only minutes’ walk  If you walk to the park, it will take you minutes In case it rains, we’ll stay at home  If it rains, we’ll stay at home VIII Dùng MĐTN sau số V IX Thức giả định với “would rather”, “would sooner” Bài 3: Rang  ring Were  had Was  were You don’t have  you have Were they live  were they to live ... mà VII Thức giả định MĐ điều kiện Định Nghĩa Câu Điều Kiện - Câu điều kiện dùng để nêu lên giả thiết việc, mà việc xảy điều kiện nói đến xảy Câu điều kiện gồm có hai phần (hai mệnh đ? ?): o Mệnh... kết If + S + had + V3/Ved, S + would + Vo hợp A - Câu điều kiện loại I Khái niệm câu điều kiện loại Câu điều kiện loại I gọi câu điều kiện có thực Điều kiện xảy tương lai  Cấu trúc - Công thức. .. S + to wish (ở tại, khứ không cần quan tâm) + MĐ (giả định – you would): ý nghĩa đề nghị làm theo cách nói lịch I wish you would open the door (It is dark)  S + to wish + MĐTN (giả định –