EXTENSIVE COURSE 12 September 16 th , 2008 I. Read the following passage and choose the correct word to use in each blank. Sugar was for a long time a luxury and in the opinion of the medical profession it still should be. During the nineteenth century, however, manufacturers discovered (1) of producing it in vast quantities and it has since become one of the staple articles of diet, particularly (2) the lower social classes. It has the advantages of being comparatively cheap, easily digested, rich in energy and useful for flavouring. It's major (3) are that it lacks every nourishing quality (4) that of giving energy, and because of its attractive flavour it (5) to displace other much more valuable foods from the diet. Most serious of all is its adverse (6) on health, since excessive consumption can cause heart (7) , obesity and dental decay. The latter is widespread among the inhabitants of western countries. From the very young to the very old, (8) anyone escapes. Yet if parents would drastically reduce the (9) . confectionery they allow their children to eat, the extent of dental decay would soon be checked. And (10) .they were (1) . down their own consumption of sugar, they (12) would suffer much (12) from ailments resulting directly or indirectly from their being overweight. Notes: staple: chủ yếu - obesity: chứng béo phì - drastically: quyết liệt 1. A. means B. methods C. recipes D. uses 2. A. for B. between C. of D. in 3. A. harms B. restrictions C. failures D. drawbacks 4. A. apart B. besides C. except D. include 5. A. tends B. comes C. approaches D. goes 6. A. effect B. influence C. focus D. affect 7. A. attack B. ill C. sick D. trouble 8. A. harshly B. hardly C. difficulty D. severely 9. A. quality B. number C. amount D. value 10. A. although B. in C. if D. unless 11. A. go B. look C. cut D. set 12. A. less B. more C. better D. worse II. Use the right form of a phrasal verb to complete the sentences. (The verb is given in brackets) 1. Have you seen that new office building they in the town centre? It's really ugly. (PUT) 2. Six prisoners of the high security prison last night. (BREAK) 3. Eric with his brother when they were young but they're quite good friends now. (NOT GET) 4. John, you need a holiday. You must for a few weeks. (GO) 5. At the world's great airports, planes are and coming down every few second. (TAKE) 6. Are you going to buy a new car? I must it with my wife first. (TALK) 7. The power point was behind the piano, which made it very difficult to (GET) 8. They hitch-hiked round the world and came back six months later after their money . (RUN). III. Complete the following passage by writing in the unfinished words which are numbered from (1) to (16). (Hoàn chỉnh đoạn văn sau bằng cách viết đầy đủ những từ bỏ dở.) Cigarette smoking is b (1) by most research workers in this f (2) to be an important f (3) in the development of cancer of the 1 (4) and cancer of the th (5), and is believed to be re . (6) to cancer of the blander and the oral cavity. Male c (7) s (8) have a higher death r (9) of heart disease than non- smoking m (10) [female smokers are thought to be less af (11) because they do not b . (12) in the smoke so d (13)]. The majority of physicians and re . (14) consider these re . (15) proved to their satisfaction and say: "Give up smoking. If you don't s . (16), don't start!" Bảo Thoa 1 IV. Choose the words or phrases in the text which can be substituted for the words or phrases below it (The first has been done for you as an example). (Chọn từ/ cụm từ trong bài văn có thể thay thế được bằng những từ cho bên dưới. Từ đầu tiên làm mẫu.) The exploitation of mineral wealth dates from prehistoric times. For thousands of years the mining operations consisted mainly in the excavation of outcropping material on tunnelling more or less horizontally into mountainsides rather than descending vertically into the ground. Mining from deep shafts became possible only when better control of rock pressure was achieved along with drainage, ventilation and the use of mechanical appliances. This progress has been closely bound up with the discovery of steam and electric power and the use of compressed air for driving tools and machinery. 1. antiquity 2. exposed 3. almost 4. instead of 5. holes 6. improved 7. in addition to 8. associated 9. to operate Answer: 1. prehistoric times V. Choose the right word in brackets to finish the following passage. (Chọn từ đúng cho sẵn.) All the research that has been carried out proves beyond iny (1) (shade/ shadow) of doubt that smoking can seriously (2) (damage/ hurt) your health. Not only can it lead to cancer, it can also result in heart (3) (disease/ illness). The only 4 (sensible/ sensitive) course of (5) (action/ activity) is to give ft up. What surprises me is the hypocritical attitude that some people (6) (adapt/ adopt) towards the problem. It's quite common, for example, to come across converts to vegetarianism who (7) (insist/ persist) in smoking like chimneys. A similar example is the chain - smoking teetotaller. I've tried to (8) (brake/ break) the habit on a number of (9) (event/ occasions) but unfortunately all my efforts so far have been in (10) (vain/ vein). VI. Put in capital and correct punctuation. Divide the text into three paragraphs. (Viết hoa và chấm câu. Chia bài văn thành BA đoạn văn.) MY FAVOURITE PLACE Chateauneuf is in the centre of brittany in north-west range and is on a hill overlooking a river most of the lnhabitants are farmers or shopkeepers but there are a few businessmen who work in quimper which is 22 kilometres problem of getting back. It makes them believe they spend Sunday in Brighton, but it makes impossible for them to return before two the morning. People go further and further away to reach open air and countryside, continuously recedes from them, and just as working weeks decline and they begin to have more time leisure, they find they cannot get to the open spaces or the recreation or the beaches which now have the time to enjoy. away everybody lives in stone houses or cottages with whitewashed walls ive visited chateauneuf every easter for six years now because i love the atmosphere and the friendly people chateauneuf is not on the coast so it hasnt been spoilt by tourists there are two small hotels where you can eat! traditional french food quite cheaply at easter chateauneuf has a festival of traditional breton music if you re in brittany book into the gai logis hotel try the local food and then go for a walk along the river bank you wont regret it. VII. Join these sentences using the suggestions in brackets and making any necessary changes. (Kết hợp câu, dùng từ gợi ý trong ngoặc.) 1. I once watched a child of about two-and a half. She was trying to stamp on little waves. The waves were breaking across a wide Cornish beach. (- ing form) 2. She stretched her hands out in pleasure with every little stamp. Her bathing pants fell lower and lower. She jumped them off altogether. She didn't notice it. She was so intent on the important job of stamping on those waves. (and, till, but, so intent) 3. She sang to herself. It was a sort of monotone running commentary on what she was doing. The sound of it was mingled with soft sea noises. It made a most pleasing music. (and, commas) 4. They have spent money on the same sort of rubbish already. They have to go on buying it. Their previous investment in "modern art" will seem to be worthless. Bảo Thoa 2 (so much, that, or) 5. So far this year, a team under Robin Birley has unearthed 165 writing tablets. He is an archaeologist with the Vindolanda Trust. The current excavations began four years ago. 1,100 tablets have been found. (commas, and since) 6. I can not concentrate on my lessons. I need to moet clients. Sometimes the prooblem will not wait. (However, if, and) 7. Last week he was plunged into controversy. His father, Mr. Mai Bình, is a retired hospital worker. He told Ms. Bảo Thoa, the headmaster, that his son wished to leave. His son wanted to devote himself to his computer consultancy. The boy runs it from his bedroom,. (when, commas, so that, which) 8. A student began to stumble over an answer. The others fought to grab the question for thems.elves. They were bellowing for teacher's attention. (If, - ing form) VIII. Use the word in brackets to form another word which will fit into the space. (Dùng từ trong ngoặc tạo ra một từ khác thích hợp cho mỗi khoảng trống.) 1. Mr. Mai Bình hopes to win a to Cambridge University. (scholar) 2. The legs of my trousers are too short. I must them. (long) 3. She works quickly but so she makes a lot of mistakes. (care) 4. Most people are satisfied with the working conditions but a small create a lot of trouble. (minor) 5. His parents him to take the exam although he wasn't ready for it. (courage) 6. Her is so bad that his teacher can't control him. (behave) 7. They ate their dinner with obvious (enjoy) 8. Violent should be put into prison for many years. (crime) IX. Complete each unfinished sentence so that it means the same as the sentence printed before it. (Hoàn thành câu bỏ dở để nghĩa giữ nguyên như câu in trước đó.) 1. It was two years ago at the end of this week that I started working here. At the end . 2. "Try going to prctice jogging," the doctor said to Ms. Thoa. The doctor suggested . 3. You should have an early night, so that you don't feel tired. So as . 4. The weather forecast was inaccurate, so we didn't take the right precautions. Had the weather forecast . 5. I went to the zoo last year and that is where I saw a real tiger for the first time. Before I . 6. Vĩnh Hảo Company will require bottlers to use water that it specifies. Bottlers . 7. The dress was so tempting that Ms. Thoa bought it. Ms. Thoa couldn't resist the . 8. The passengers don't realize how lucky they have been. Little . X. Fill in the numbered blanks one missing word. (Điền MỘT từ thiếu vào từng khoảng trống có đánh số.) One step beyond automated machines is the (1) . robot, the heart and brain of which is the microcomputer. (2) most automated machines, industrial robots can be programmed to do a (3) of tasks that are usually accomplished by human factory (4) . Like their human counterparts, industrial robots can be switched (5) one job to another and can be programmed to handle new (6) . Thus far, robots have found their greatest use in assembling mechanical components. (7) they are swiftly branching from basic assembly operations to construction and mining, and their glamorous use of all, the exploration of oceans and (8) space. Bảo Thoa 3 XI. Rewrite these sentences as similar as possible in meaning to original sentences, using the word given. This word must not be altered in any way. (Viết lại câu sao cho nghĩa tương tự như câu nguyên bản, dùng từ gợi ý, nhưng không được thay đổi từ gợi ý nầy.) 1. You should think about the price before you decide whether to buy it or not. consideration 2. He's not sure whether to go or not. minds 3. I've considered the advantages and disadvantages and I've decided not to go. weighed 4. Considering that she's only just started, she's doii very well. bearing 5. She's not sure whether she wants to marry him or t now. second 6. I was going to argue with him, but I decided that was a bad idea. better 7. I'm thinking that I might leave the country, but I haven't decided yet. considering 8. When I agreed to do this, I didn't think that it would be so expensive. bargain XII. Put questions to the underlined in the following sentences. (Chuyển thành câu hỏi cho các từ có gạch chân.) 1. He is tall and handsome. 2. He is handsome and manly. 3. I would like to pay in cash. 4. She can swim 50 metres in a minute. 5. The process was described in detail. 6. She comes from India, but she is Protestant. ANSWER KEY I. 1. B 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. A 7. D 8. B 9. C 10. C 11. C 12.A II. 1. are putting up 2. broke out 3. didn't get on 4. go away 5. taking off 6. talk it over 7. get at 8. ran out/ had run out III. 1. believed 2. field 3. factor 4. lungs 5. throat 6. related 7. cigarette 8. smokers 9. rate 10. males 11. affected 12. breathe 13. smokers 14. researchers 15. relationships 18. smoke IV. 2. outcropping 3. more or less 4. rather than 5. shafts 6. better 7. along with 8. bound up 9. for driving V. 1. shadow 2. damage 3. disease 4. sensible 5. action 6. adopt 7. persist 8. break 9. occasions 10. vain VI. Bảo Thoa 4 MY FAVOURITE PLACE Chateauneuf is in the centre of Brittany in north-west France and it's on a hill overlooking a river. Most of the inhabitants are farmers or shopkeepers but there are a few businessmen who work in Quimper which is 22 kilometres away. Everybody lives in stone houses or cottages with whitewashed walls. I've visited Chateauneuf every Easter for six years now (,) because I love the atmosphere and the friendly people. Chateauneuf is not on the coast (,) so it hasn't been spoilt by tourists. There are two small hotels (,) where you can eat traditional French food quite cheaply. At Easter Chateauneuf has a festival of traditional Breton xmusic. If you're in Brittany book into the Gai Logis Hotel. Try the local food and then go for a walk along the river bank. You won't regret it. VII. 1. I once watched a child of about two-and-a-half (who was) trying to stamp on little waves (which were) breaking across a wide Cornish beach. 2. She stretched her hands out in pleasure with every little stamp and her bathing pants fell lower and lower, till she jumped them off altogether but didn't notice it, so intent was she on the important job of stamping on those waves. / but she didn't notice because she was so intent on the important …… 3. She sang to herself. It was a sort of monotone running commentary on what she was doing and the sound of it, mingled with soft sea noises, made a most pleasing music. 4. They have spent so much money on the same sort of rubbish already that they have to go on buying it or their previous investment in "modern art" will seen to be worthless. 5. So far this year, a team under Robin Birley, (who is an/an/ the) archaeologist with the Vindolanda Trust, has unearthed 165 writing tablets, and since the current excavations began four years ago 1,100 tablets have been found. 6. However, I can not concentrate on my lessons if I need to meet clients, and sometimes the problem will not wait. 7. Last week he was plunged into controversy when his father, (whose name is) Mai Bình, (who is) a retired hospital worker, told Ms. Thoa, the headmaster, that her son wished to leave so that he could devote himself to his computer consultancy which the boy runs it from his bedroom. 8. If a student began to stumble over an answer, the others fought to grab the question for themselves, bellowing for Teacher's attention. VIII. 1. scholarship 2. lengthen 3. carelessly 4. minority 5. encouraged 6. behaviour 7. encourage 8. criminals IX. 1. At the end of this week I'll have been working here for 2 years. 2. The doctor suggested (that) Ms. Thoa should try practising jogging / (that) Ms. Thoa try practising jogging / (that) Ms. Thoa tried practising jogging / Ms. Thoa’s practising jooging. 3. So as not to feel tired, you should have an early night. 4. Had the weather forecast been accurate, we might have taken the right precautions. 5. Before I went to the zoo last year, I had never seen a real tiger. (or) … saw a tiger in the zoo last year, I had never seen one. 6. Bottlers will be required to use water specified by Vĩnh Hảo Company. 7. Ms. Thoa couldn't resist the temptation to buy the dress. 8. Little do the passengers realize how lucky they have been. X. 1. You should take the price into consideration before you decide to buy it or not. 2. He's in two minds about whether to go or not. Bảo Thoa 5 3. I've weighed (up) the pros and cons and I've decided not to go. 4. Bearing in mind that she's only just started, she's doing very well. 5. She's having second thoughts about marrying him now. 6. I was going to argue with him, but I thought better of it. 7. I'm considering eaving the country, but I haven't decided yet. 8. When I agreed to do this, I didn't bargain for it being so expensive. XI. 1. What does he look like? 2. What is he like? 3. How would you like to pay? 4. How fast can she swim? 5. How was the process described? 6. She comes from Cambodia, but what is her religion? (or) what religion is she? Bảo Thoa 6 . (10) .they were (1) . down their own consumption of sugar, they (12) would suffer much (12) from ailments resulting directly or indirectly from. EXTENSIVE COURSE 12 September 16 th , 2008 I. Read the following passage and choose the correct