Trường PTTH Nguyễn Khuyến Giáo viên: Lê Thị Cẩm Tú Subject: English – Grade: 11 Term: II – School year: 2007 – 2008 UNIT 9: NATURE IN DANGER LANGUAGE FOCUS I. Aim The uses of suffix –al Reduced relative clause II. Objectives By the end of the lesson, Ss will be able to: - Form adjectives and nouns ending in –al and use them appropriately. - Master the use of the reduced relative clauses and use them to join two sentences. III. Materials Textbook, whiteboard markers, … IV. Anticipated problems Ss may not distinguish nouns with adjectives ending in –al. V. Procedure TIMING CONTENT ACTIVITIES 7mins I. Warm up: Network Make a list of national parks in Vietnam and around the world - Have Ss work in groups - Gather answers from groups and ask relevant questions about the national parks they listed. PERIOD 7 In Vietna m Around the world 5mins II. Word Study: PRESENTATION 1 Suffix –al Meaning: of, pertaining to Use: - Appending to different words, often nouns, to make an adjective form. Often added to words of Latin origin, but used with other words also. Examples: - environment – environmental - crime – criminal - Forming nouns, especially of verbal actions. Examples: - deny – denial - try – trial - Give brief information about the suffix –al. 7mins PRACTICE 1 Write A next to the adjectives and N next to the nouns + Suggested answers: 1. refusal – N 2. educational – A 3. remedial – A 4. proposal – N 5. postal – A 6. rental – A, N 7. disposal – N 8. optional - A - Have Ss work in pairs and write A next to the adjectives and N next to the nouns. - Note: Ss may get confused between the adjectives and nouns. T can put them in the sentences so that Ss can be sure about their answers. - Call on some Ss to read aloud their answers in front of the class. - Draw Ss’ attention to the stress of the words especially when they change from nouns to adjectives. - Give meanings of the adjectives and nouns and further explain if necessary. 7mins PRACTICE 2 Choose the suitable nouns or adjectives to fill in the blanks. (textbook) + Suggested answers: 1. rental 2. postal 3. disposal 4. optional 5. remedial - Ask Ss to Choose the suitable nouns or adjectives to fill in the blanks. - Tell Ss to read the sentences carefully and decide the parts of speech of the blanks before doing the exercise. - Check the exercise in front of the class as a whole. 8mins III. Grammar PRESENTATION 2 Revision of reduced relative clauses In English, relative clauses can be replaced by to infinitive and participles. 1. Relatives clauses can be replaced by to infinitive when: - the nouns prior to relative pronouns go with the first, the last, the only. Example: + I was the last student who handed in the test paper. I was the last student to hand in the test paper. - the verbs in the clauses indicate something should be done, can be done or must be done. Example: + Do you have any paper which you can sell? Do you have any paper to sell? 2. Relative clauses can be replaced by present participle phrases when the main verb in the clause carries an active meaning. Example: + The girls who are standing at the school gate are in grade 11A. The girls standing at the school gate are in grade 11A. 3. Relative clauses can be replaced by past participial phrases when the main verb in the clause carries a passive meaning. Example: + The cars which are made in Japan are the best. The cars made in Japan are the best. 5mins PRACTICE 3 Ask and answer the questions, using the reduced form of the relative clauses – to infinitive + Suggested answers: 1. Yes, I’m usually the first guest to come to a party. 2. Louis Armstrong was the first man to land on the Moon. 3. Yes, It’s the most popular route to lead to the summit of Mt. Everest. 4. Yes, It’s one of the most beautiful caves to have ever been discovered in Vietnam. 5. I think the most common activity to harm the environment is (making a campfire). - Have Ss work in pairs. - Call on some Ss to read their sentences aloud in front of the class. - Give feedback and correct answers. 5mis PRACTICE 4 Rewrite the sentences, using the reduced form of the relative clauses – present and past participles + Suggested answers: 1. In the year to come, all the trees in this forest will disappear if nothing is done to protect them. 2. They couldn’t find a way to help clean the polluted river. 3. Animals born in zoos know nothing about - Ask Ss to work independently. - Have Ss exchange their sentences and cross check. - Encourage Ss to discuss their answers with a friend because some sentences are tricky. - Check the exercise in front of the class a whole. - Give correct answers. life in the forests. 4. The governments of many countries are discussing methods to protect the environment. 5. During a boat tour along the canals, tourists can see the birds searching for food or the cranes flying in flocks. 6. Are national parks good places to house wild animals? 7. There is nothing more for us to do about the fire. 8. The noise coming from the boat engine might disturb sea animals. 9. The next question for them to consider is how to clean up the garbage. 10. The team, including about two dozen Sherpas, uses backpacks to carry the garbage to their base at the foot of Mt. Everest. . Grade: 11 Term: II – School year: 2007 – 2008 UNIT 9: NATURE IN DANGER LANGUAGE FOCUS I. Aim The uses of suffix –al Reduced relative clause II. Objectives By