Dictionary of military terms

DICTIONARY OF MILITARY TERMS THIRD EDITION Specialist dictionaries Dictionary of Accounting Dictionary of Agriculture Dictionary of Banking and Finance Dictionary of Business Dictionary of Computing Dictionary of Economics Dictionary of Environment and Ecology Dictionary of Food Science and Nutrition Dictionary of Human Resources and Personnel Management Dictionary of ICT Dictionary of Information and Library Management Dictionary of Law Dictionary of Leisure, Travel and Tourism Dictionary of Marketing Dictionary of Media Studies Dictionary of Medical Terms Dictionary of Nursing Dictionary of Politics and Government Dictionary of Publishing and Printing Dictionary of Science and Technology Dictionary of Sport and Exercise Science 7475 6991 7136 7778 7136 7739 7136 7918 7475 6622 7136 8203 7475 7201 7136 7784 7136 8142 X 7475 6990 7136 7591 7475 6636 7475 7222 7475 6621 7136 7593 7136 7603 7475 6634 7475 7220 7136 7589 7475 6620 7136 7785 Easier English™ titles Easier English Basic Dictionary Easier English Basic Synonyms Easier English Intermediate Dictionary Easier English Student Dictionary 7475 6644 7475 6979 7475 6989 7475 6624 Check Your English Vocabulary workbooks Academic English 7475 6691 Business and Administration 7136 7916 Human Resources 7475 6997 IELTS 7136 7604 Law 7136 7592 Living in the UK 7136 7914 X Medicine 7136 7590 X PET 7475 6627 Phrasal Verbs and Idioms 7136 7805 TOEFLÒ 7475 6984 TOEICÒ 7136 7508 X Visit our website for full details of all our books: www.acblack.com DICTIONARY OF MILITARY TERMS THIRD EDITION Richard Bowyer A & C Black ț London Originally published in 1999 by Peter Collin Publishing Second edition published 2002 Third edition published 2004 by Bloomsbury Publishing Plc Reprinted 2007 by A&C Black Publishers Ltd 38 Soho Square, London W1D 3HB Copyright © Richard Bowyer 1999, 2002, 2004 Copyright © A&C Black and Richard Bowyer 2007 All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means without the prior written permission of the publishers A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library eISBN-13: 978-1-4081-0210-7 Text Production and Proofreading Katy McAdam, Heather Bateman, Stephen Curtis, Emma Harris This book is produced using paper that is made from wood grown in managed, sustainable forests It is natural, renewable and recyclable The logging and manufacturing processes conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin Text processed and typeset by A&C Black Printed in Spain by GraphyCems Preface English is the language most frequently used in international military and peacekeeping operations This dictionary aims to provide a basic vocabulary of British and American terms relating to the three services, and covers subjects such as rank, organization, training, operations in the field, logistics, radio communications, and some of the more common weapons and equipment currently in use In addition, there are selected items of general vocabulary relating to geography, terrain, weather, medical treatment and other relevant matters New terms used by the media in reporting on recent conflicts are also included, making this an ideal reference source for anyone involved in teaching English to the military or armed police forces Definitions are written in simple English, making them easily accessible to anyone with a basic knowledge of the language, and phonetic symbols are used to show the correct pronunciation Encyclopedic comments are provided where necessary and most entries include example sentences, showing how the words and expressions are used in practice At the back of the book is a supplement of further useful information on topics such as ranks, the phonetic alphabet, formal orders, and military grouping symbols Pronunciation The following symbols have been used to show the pronunciation of the main words in the dictionary Stress is indicated by a main stress mark ( ) and a secondary stress mark ( ) Note that these are only guides, as the stress of the word changes according to its position in the sentence Vowels ɑ ɒ a aυ aə aυə ɔ ɔ e eə e eυ i i ə  ə u u υ υə Consonants back harm stop type how hire hour course annoy head fair make go word keep happy about fit near annual pool book tour shut b d ð d f h j k l m n ŋ p r s ʃ t tʃ θ v w x z buck dead other jump fare gold head yellow cab leave mix nil sing print rest save shop take change theft value work loch measure zone MilTerms.fm Page Tuesday, June 15, 2004 11:17 AM ALPHA - Aa A1 Echelon / e wɒn eʃəlɒn/ noun combat supplies A2 Echelon / e tu eʃəlɒn/ noun rations, spares, clothing, etc A-4 / e fɔ / noun an American-designed multirole attack aircraft, designed to operate from an aircraft carrier Also called Skyhawk (NOTE: The A1 Echelon A2 Echelon A-4 plural is A-4s / e fɔ z/.) A-6 / e sks/ noun an American-deA-6 signed ground-attack aircraft, designed to operate from an aircraft carrier Also called Intruder (NOTE: The plural is A6s / e sksz/.) A-7 / e sevən/ noun an American-designed ground-attack aircraft Also called Corsair (NOTE: The plural is A7s / e sevənz/.) A-10 / e ten/ noun an American-designed ground-attack aircraft Also called Thunderbolt, Warthog, Tankbuster (NOTE: The plural is A-10s / e tenz/.) A-40 / e fɔ ti/ noun a Soviet-designed airborne early warning and control (AEW & C) aircraft with a large disc-like antenna (radome) mounted on the fuselage (NOTE: known to NATO as A-7 A-10 A-40 Mainstay) AAR / e e ɑ / noun US the debriefing held at the conclusion of an exercise, in which the participants discuss their performance with the umpires Full form AAR after action review Aardvark / ɑ dvɑ k/ noun an unoffiAardvark cial name for the American-designed F111 fighter bomber AAV-7A1 / e e vi sevən e w n/ noun an American-designed amphibious tractor Full form amphibious assault vehicle seven Also called AAV-7A1 Landing Vehicle Tracked Personnel (LVTP) AAW abbreviation anti-air warfare AAWS abbreviation anti-air warfare AAW AAWS system AB abbreviation able rating abandon /ə b ndən/ verb to leave a vehicle or ship (usually for reasons of safety) ć The captain gave the order to abandon ship to leave behind ć We had to abandon large quantities of ammunition during the retreat to terminate an enterprise before it has been completed ć Poor visibility forced us to abandon the remainder of patrol ı AB abandon | abort abandoned /ə b ndənd/ adjective deserted ć We found the enemy trenches abandoned abatis / bəts, ə b ts/ noun an obstacle constructed by felling trees to block a likely approach ć The road was blocked by an abatis Abbot / bət/ noun a British 105mm self-propelled howitzer (SPH) ABCCC / e bi si si si / noun US a command team operating from a C-130 aircraft, in order to coordinate close air abandoned AA AA abbreviation anti-aircraft AAA abbreviation anti-aircraft artillery AAAV / e e e vi / noun an American-designed amphibious infantry fighting vehicle (IFV), which is designed to disembark from a landing ship at a considerable distance from the shore and is capable of travelling on water at high speed Full form advanced AAA AAAV amphibious assault vehicle AAC abbreviation Army Air Corps AAM abbreviation air-to-air missile AAC AAM | abatis | Abbot ABCCC MilTerms.fm Page Tuesday, June 15, 2004 11:17 AM abeam support Full form airborne command, control and communications abeam /ə bi m/ adverb at right angles abeam to the length of a ship or aircraft ć The torpedo missed because we weren’t properly abeam of the target able rating / eb(ə)l retŋ/ noun the lowest non-commissioned rank in the navy (equivalent of an experienced or well-qualified private soldier in the army) Also called able seaman Abbr able rating AB (NOTE: The ranks of ordinary rating and junior rating were abolished in April 1999) ablutions / ə blu ʃ(ə)nz/ plural noun a ablutions | room or building containing washing facilities and toilets ć The ablutions were in a filthy state aboard /ə bɔ d/ adverb on or onto a boat or ship or aircraft or vehicle ć He is already aboard ć Come aboard Also called on board abode /ə bəυd/ noun a home abort /ə bɔ t/ verb to stop an enterprise before it has been completed ć We were forced to abort the mission ı aboard | abode | abort | abandon abortive /ə bɔ tv/ adjective unsuccessful ć The enemy launched several abortive attacks about /ə baυt/ adverb the opposite direction to that which you are now facing ˽ about turn! turn around and face the opposite direction (drill command) Abrams / ebrəmz/ noun an American 1980s-era main battle tank abreast /ə brest/ adverb side by side and facing the same direction ć The infantry advanced in line abreast ć The tanks halted abreast of each other abseil / bsel/ verb to descend, using a rope ć We had to abseil down the cliff abortive | about | Abrams abreast | abseil ı rappel absent / bsənt/ adjective away from a military unit (usually without permission) ć He’s been absent for three days absent ı AWOL absent without leave / bsənt w ðaυt li v/ adjective full form of AWOL AB triple C / e bi trp(ə)l si / noun same as ABCCC absent without leave AB triple C | AC / e si / abbreviation aircraftman í noun a type of blood agent Full form hydrogen cyanide Also called HCN A/C abbreviation aircraft AC-130 / e si w n θ t/ noun a ground-attack variant of the Hercules C-130 transport aircraft AC A/C AC-130 COMMENT: Despite its age and oldfashioned appearance, the AC-130 possesses an enormous amount of firepower and earned itself a fearsome reputation during the Gulf War of 1991 Its slow speed makes it vulnerable to surface-to-air missiles, so it is most effective at night AC-130 aircraft are often referred to as gunships ACC / e si si / noun US the departACC ment of the US forces with overall responsibility for the use of all combat aircraft of the US Air Force Full form Air Combat Command COMMENT: Air Combat Command is an amalgamation of the former Strategic Air Command (SAC) which was responsible for heavy longrange bombers and ICBMs and the former Tactical Air Command (TAC) which was responsible for fighters and attack aircraft Inter-continental ballistic missiles are now the responsibility of Strategic Command (STRATCOM) access / kses/ noun a way of apaccess proaching or entering ć Access to the building is at the rear an opportunity to look at or use ć I need access to the company records í verb to activate a programme or open a file on a computer ć I cannot access the database ( NOTE: As a noun, access is often used without the definite or indefinite article.) accessible /ək sesb(ə)l/ adjective accessible | approachable ć The castle is only accessible in good weather readily available ć That information is not accessible at the moment accident / ksd(ə)nt/ noun physical harm or damage as a result of an error in judgement, defective equipment or bad luck ć There has been an accident on the grenade range an event which occurs by chance or without apparent cause ć He was there purely by accident accident MilTerms.fm Page Tuesday, June 15, 2004 11:17 AM accidental / ks dent(ə)l/ adjective happening by chance or as a result of an error in judgement or defective equipment ć There will be an official enquiry over the accidental shooting of Sgt Jones accidental discharge / ksdent(ə)l dstʃɑ d / noun same as negligent discharge accidentally / ks dent(ə)li/ adverb by accident ć He shot the woman accidentally acclimatization /ə klaməta zeʃ(ə)n/, acclimatisation noun the process of becoming acclimatized acclimatize /ə klamətaz/, acclimatise verb to allow someone to become accustomed to new conditions (especially climate) ć We will need at least ten days to acclimatize the troops to the heat to become accustomed to new conditions ć The men will need at least ten days to acclimatize accommodate / ə kɒmədet/ verb to provide shelter ć We were accommodated in a factory accommodation /ə kɒmə deʃ(ə)n/ noun a place to live ć The officer inspected the soldiers’ accommodation an act of providing shelter ć You are responsible for the accommodation of refugees accomplice /ə k mpls/ noun someone who helps another person to carry out an illegal act ć The gunman had an accomplice accomplish /ə k mplʃ/ verb to complete a task successfully accoutrements / ə ku trəmənts/ plural noun a soldier’s equipment, not including clothing or weapons accusation / kju zeʃ(ə)n/ noun an act of saying that a person has carried out an illegal act ć He has made an accusation of sabotage against you accuse /ə kju z/ verb to say that a person has carried out an illegal act ć He was accused of war crimes ACE abbreviation Allied Command Europe armoured combat earthmover accidental | accidental discharge | accidentally | acclimatization | | acclimatize | accommodate | accommodation | | accomplice | accomplish | accoutrements | accusation | accuse | ACE acquisition logistics acetate / stet/ noun clear plastic sheeting, used for map overlays achieve /ə tʃi v/ verb to complete a task successfully ć We have achieved our mission ˽ to achieve a solution to have a target in the sights of a guided weapon, with the guidance system activated ć He achieved a solution on the leading plane ı lock-on achievement /ə tʃi vmənt/ noun a successful completion of a task ć It was a great military achievement acknowledge /ək nɒld / verb to confirm that a piece of information has been received and understood to recognize that something is true acknowledgement /ək nɒld mənt/ noun confirmation that a piece of information has been received and understood recognition that something is true ACLANT abbreviation Allied Command Atlantic ACMI / e si em a, km/ noun a computerized data system, which is used during air-to-air combat exercises to provide exercise controllers with information concerning an individual aircraft’s speed, altitude, heading, etc ć Each aircraft was fitted with an ACMI pod Full form air combat manoeuacetate achieve | achievement | acknowledge | acknowledgement | ACLANT ACMI vring and instrumentation ACP ACP abbreviation ammunition control point acquire /ə kwaə/ verb to obtain something ć Where did you acquire that food? to have a target in the sights of a weapon ć He acquired the tank with his thermal imaging sight to select and lock onto a target using a weaponguidance system ć This missile can acquire a target automatically acquired immunodeficiency syndrome /ə kwaəd mjυnəυd fʃ(ə)nsi sndrəυm/ noun full form of acquire | acquired immunodeficiency syndrome | | AIDS acquisition / kw zʃ(ə)n/ noun an act of acquiring ć He is responsible for the acquisition of food from local sources acquisition logistics / kw zʃ(ə)n lə d stks/ noun the logistics acquisition | acquisition logistics | | MilTerms.fm Page 268 Tuesday, June 15, 2004 11:17 AM ZEBRA - Zz zap /z p/ verb US to shoot dead (slang) ć He zapped three of the enemy zariba /zə ri bə/ noun Arabic a defensive enclosure made from pieces of thorn bush ć The guerrilla base was protected by a thick zariba zed bag / zed b / noun a sleeping bag zero / zərəυ/ noun a figure (nought or nil) í verb to ensure that a weapon is accurate, by firing a few rounds at a target and then adjusting the sights as required ć Section are zeroing their weapons Zeus-23 / zju s twent θri / noun US an informal nickname for the Soviet-designed ZSU-23–4 self-propelled antiaircraft gun zilch /zltʃ/ noun US nothing (slang) ć We observed the bridge for six hours but saw zilch zone /zəυn/ noun an area or region which has some specific importance or purpose zap zariba | zed bag zero Zeus-23 ZSU ZSU noun a Soviet-designed series of self-propelled anti-aircraft guns ZSU-23–4 noun a 1960s-era weapon, fitted with four radar-controlled 23mm cannon (NOTE: The Russian nickname ZSU-23–4 for this is the Shilka.) Zulu / zu lu / noun the twenty-sixth letter of the phonetic alphabet (Zz) zulu muster / zu lu m stə/ noun the location in the field where vehicles are kept when not in use Zulu time / zu lu tam/ noun Greenwich Mean Time (GMT); that is, the local time on the meridian at Greenwich, London, which is used to calculate international time ć H-Hour at 0600Z Zulu zulu muster Zulu time COMMENT: Greenwich Mean Time or Zulu time is used by NATO forces on operations zilch zone Zuni / zu ni/ noun an American-designed unguided rocket, designed to be fired by an aircraft at a ground target Zuni SUPPLEMENTS The Phonetic Alphabet Numbers Timings Military Rank Structure Formal Orders Example of Formal Orders Military Grouping Symbols The Phonetic Alphabet Certain letters of the alphabet sound very similar, especially when a person is talking on the telephone or radio The phonetic alphabet is designed to prevent confusion, by using a distinctive word to represent each letter Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr Ss Tt Uu Vv WW Xx Yy Zz Alpha* Bravo Charlie Delta Echo Foxtrot Golf Hotel India Juliet Kilo Lima Mike November Oscar Papa Quebec Romeo Sierra Tango Uniform Victor Whisky** X-Ray Yankee Zulu * Alfa in US English ** Whiskey in US English lfə brɑ vəυ tʃɑ l deltə ekəυ fɒkstrɒt ɒlf həυ tel ndiə d u li ət ki ləυ li mə mak nə vembə ɒskə pɑ pə kw bek rəυmiəυ si erə t n əυ ju nfɔ m vktə wski eks re j nki zu lu Numbers zero one two three four five six seven eight nine [ zərəυ] [w n] [tu ] [θri ] [fɔ ] [fav] [sks] [ sev(ə)n] [et] [nan] 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 ten [ten] eleven [ lev(ə)n] twelve [twelv] thirteen [ θ ti n] fourteen [ fɔ ti n] fifteen [ fif ti n] sixteen [ sk sti n] seventeen[ sevən ti n] eighteen [ e ti n] nineteen [ nan ti n] Note: when speaking on the radio, is often pronounced [ nanə] 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 twenty [ twenti] twenty-one twenty-two twenty-three twenty-four twenty-five twenty-six twenty-seven twenty-eight twenty-nine 30 31 32 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 thirty [ θ ti] thirty-one thirty-two forty [ fɔ ti] fifty [ ffti] sixty [ sksti] seventy [ sev(ə)nti] eighty [ eti] ninety [ nanti] one hundred [w n h ndrəd] 101 110 115 125 one hundred and one one hundred and ten one hundred and fifteen one hundred and twenty-five 200 700 850 900 two hundred seven hundred eight hundred and fifty nine hundred 1,000 one thousand [w n θaυz(ə)nd] 1,001 1,025 1,100 one thousand and one 10,250 one thousand and twenty-five one thousand, one hundred 15, 000 or eleven hundred 20,000 one thousand, one 25,000 hundred and fifty-five 100,000 one thousand, five hundred 250,000 or fifteen hundred two thousand 255,000 ten thousand 1,155 1,500 2,000 10,000 1,000,000 one million ten thousand, two hundred and fifty fifteen thousand twenty thousand twenty-five thousand one hundred thousand two hundred and fifty thousand two hundred and fifty-five thousand [w n mljən] Timings To avoid confusion, the twenty-four-hour clock is used in military timings: 1am = 0100 2pm = 1400 8:15am = 0815 8:45pm = 2045 Verbal timings are given as follows: 1400 = fourteen hundred 1515 = fifteen fifteen 1435 = fourteen thirty-five 1528 = fifteen twenty-eight 1500 = fifteen hundred A single in the timing is normally pronounced as ‘zero’: 0800 = zero eight hundred 0805 = zero eight zero five Note: This does not apply to a single at the end: 1110 = eleven ten 1620 = sixteen twenty Note: A single at the beginning of a timing is sometimes pronounced like the letter O: 0500 = O five hundred 0830 = O eight thirty 0605 = O six zero five 0955 = O nine thirty-five Midnight is usually avoided as a timing When it is used, it may be given in several different ways: 2400 = twenty-four hundred 2359 = twenty-three fifty-nine 0001 = zero zero zero one Note: Timings between midnight and 0100 are given as follows: 0005 = zero zero zero five 0015 = zero zero fifteen 0035 = zero zero thirty-five In order to indicate timing, the word ‘hours’ is usually added to the end In written timings, this is abbreviated to ‘hrs’: 0300hrs = zero three hundred hours 1210hrs = twelve ten hours On Operations, NATO forces normally use Greenwich Mean Time (GMT), which is also known as Zulu time, regardless of the time of the country in which they are operating: 1010Z = ten ten hours Zulu time Note: Other time zones around the world are identified by different letters of the alphabet The time of the country in which one is operating is also known as ‘local time’, for example: ‘The general will be arriving at 1430 hrs local time.’ Military Ranks of the United Kingdom, Australia and New Zealand Army Marines Navy Air Force Field Marshal Admiral of the Fleet Marshal of the Royal Air Force General General Admiral LieutenantGeneral Major-General LieutenantGeneral Major-Admiral Vice-Admiral Air Chief Marshal Air Marshal Rear-Admiral Air Vice Marshal Brigadier Brigadier Commodore Air Commodore Colonel Colonel Captain Group Captain LieutenantColonel Major LieutenantColonel Major Commander Captain Captain LieutenantCommander Lieutenant Lieutenant Lieutenant Sub-Lieutenant Wing Commander Squadron Leader Flight Lieutenant Flying Officer Second Lieutenant Second Lieutenant Pilot Officer Midshipman * Warrant Officer st nd (1 , Class) Colour/Staff Sergeant Warrant Officer st nd (1 , Class) Colour Sergeant Warrant Officer Warrant Officer Chief Petty Officer Flight Sergeant Chief Technician Sergeant Sergeant Petty Officer Sergeant Corporal Corporal Leading Rate Lance-Corporal Lance-Corporal Private Marine st Class Marine nd Class Able Rate Corporal Junior Technician/ Senior Aircraftman Leading Aircraftman/ Aircraftman * Indicates the end of officer rank Marine Service is not applicable for Australia and New Zealand Leading Rate: also called ‘Leading Seaman’ in some forces Able Rate: also called ‘Able Seaman’ in some forces Military Ranks of the United States Army Marines General of the Army (wartime) General Lieutenant General Major General General Lieutenant General Major General Brigadier General Brigadier General Colonel Lieutenant Colonel Major Colonel Lieutenant Colonel Major Captain First Lieutenant Captain First Lieutenant Second Lieutenant Second Lieutenant Navy Air Force Fleet Admiral (wartime) Admiral Vice Admiral Rear Admiral Upper Half Rear Admiral Lower Half Captain Commander Lieutenant Commander Lieutenant Lieutenant Junior Grade Ensign General of the Air Force (wartime) General Lieutenant General Major General Brigadier General Colonel Lieutenant Colonel Major Captain First Lieutenant Second Lieutenant * Chief Warrant Officer 2-5 Chief Warrant Officer Chief Warrant Officer 2-5 Chief Warrant Officer Sergeant Major of the Army Sergeant Major of the Marine Corps Command Sergeant Major & Sergeant Major Sergeant Major & Master Gunnery Sergeant First Sergeant & Master Sergeant First Sergeant & Master Sergeant Senior Chief Petty Officer Sergeant First Class Staff Sergeant Gunnery Sergeant Chief Petty Officer Staff Sergeant Sergeant Sergeant Corporal & Specialist Private First Class Private Corporal Petty Officer Class nd Petty Officer Class rd Petty Officer Class Seaman Seaman Apprentice Seaman Recruit Lance Corporal Private First Class Private Private * Indicates the end of officer rank Chief Warrant Officer 2-4 Chief Warrant Officer (no longer in use) Master Chief Petty Officer of the Navy Fleet/ Command Master Chief Petty Officer & Master Chief Petty Officer st Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force Command Chief Master Sergeant, Chief Master Sergeant & First Sergeant Senior Master Sergeant & First Sergeant Master Sergeant & First Sergeant Technical Sergeant Staff Sergeant Senior Airman Airman First Class Airman Airman Basic Military Ranks of Canada Army and Air Force Navy General Admiral Lieutenant General Vice Admiral Major General Rear Admiral Brigadier General Commodore Colonel Captain Lieutenant Colonel Commander Major Lieutenant Commander Captain Lieutenant Lieutenant Sub Lieutenant Second Lieutenant Acting Sub Lieutenant * st Chief Warrant Officer Chief Petty Officer (1 Class) Master Warrant Officer Chief Petty Officer (2 Class) Warrant Officer Petty Officer (1 Class) Sergeant Petty Officer (2 Class) Master Corporal Master Seaman Corporal Leading Seaman Private Able Seaman nd st nd Ordinary Seaman * Indicates the end of officer rank Formal Orders The British Army and the US Army both use the same standard format for issuing orders This can be applied to any type of operation or task and is designed to ensure that no important points are omitted The following sequence is always used: GROUND: A detailed description of the terrain over which the operation or task will be carried out SITUATION: a Enemy Forces: i.e locations, strengths, organization, current activity and future intentions b Friendly Forces: i.e overall plan of the higher formation and locations and tasks of neighbouring groupings c Attachments and Detachments: i.e any sub-units which are attached to the grouping for this operation, and any of the grouping’s own sub-units which have been detached for other tasks MISSION: A simple and concise statement, which explains exactly what the grouping is trying to achieve, for example: ‘our mission is to capture the bridge at grid 324599’ EXECUTION: a Concept of Operations: i.e a general outine of how the operation is intended to proceed b Detailed Tasks: i.e specific tasks allocated to each sub-unit of the grouping c Coordinating Instructions: e.g timings, orders for opening fire, indirect-fire support, actions to be carried out in the event of something going wrong etc ADMINISTRATION AND LOGISTICS: General administrative details such as: ammunition, equipment, food and water, medical facilities etc COMMAND AND SIGNAL: a Command: i.e command structure of the grouping and nomination of alternative commanders in the event of casualties b Signal: e.g radio frequencies, codes and codewords, report lines, passwords etc Example of Formal Orders Platoon, which is part of B Company, is about to take part in a battalion attack The platoon commander has prepared the following orders: 1.GROUND: The feature we are attacking is Ladna Hill, which runs from north to south along the 44 easting, from the 07 northing to the 04 northing The company objective is the northern end of the feature The northern slope is quite steep and consists of grass, with scattered gorse bushes 500 metres to the north of Ladna Hill is a road, which will form our line of departure To the north of the road is an area of dead ground, which will be used as our FUP SITUATION: a Enemy Forces: Ladna Hill is occupied by a company of the 7th Infantry Regiment They are well dug in and are expected to stand and fight There is a platoon position on the southern end of the feature, facing south-west, and a second platoon on the centre of the hill facing west The third platoon is on the northern end facing north and their position is our company objective The platoon has two sections forward and one in reserve The forward right section (as we look at it) is in the area of grid 433064 The reserve section is in the area of grid 437063 The forward left section (as we look at it) is in the area of grid 437067 There are four trenches in this position, two of which are on the forward edge of a patch of gorse, while the other two are on a grass slope approximately 50 metres to the rear The forward left section is our platoon objective b Friendly Forces: The battalion has been ordered to capture Ladna Hill by 1200hrs tomorrow The attack will be in two phases In phase 1, B Company will capture the platoon position on the northern end of the hill This must be accomplished by first light In phase 2, A and C Companies will assault the other two enemy platoons in the centre and south, while B Company provides fire support from the northern end B Company’s attack will be carried out in darkness Platoon will assault the forward right section, while we assault the forward left Once both section positions have been captured, platoon will move through us, in order to assault the rear section There are no friendly units to our left When the entire position is secure, and Platoons will prepare to provide fire support for phase of the battalion attack, while we remain on the northern slope in order to cover the rear c Attachments and Detachments: 41 Field Battery will be on call to B Company during phase and an FOO will be attached to Company HQ We will have L/Cpl Smedhurst from the Mortar Platoon to act as MFC MISSION: Platoon’s mission is to capture the enemy section position at grid 437067 Example of Formal Orders continued EXECUTION: a General Outline: The company will leave this location at 2000hrs and move to the FUP at grid 433074 Once there, the platoon will deploy into assault formation, with Section forward left, Section forward right and Section in reserve Platoon HQ will be between and Sections Platoon will be on our right and Platoon to the rear At 2130hrs, the company will move forward to the road which forms our line of departure H-Hour is at 2200hrs We will then advance directly towards our objective Once we come under effective enemy fire, the platoon will skirmish by sections up to the forward edge of the enemy position Then the sections will break down into fireteams in order to assault the individual trenches As soon as the rear trenches have been taken, the platoon will go firm Once both our objective and Platoon’s objective are secure, Platoon will move forward to assault the depth enemy section When the entire company objective is secure, the platoon will reorganize and occupy the enemy trenches in order to cover the northern approaches to the hill Meanwhile, and Platoons will move forward to take up their fire positions for phase b Detailed Tasks: Section will be forward left in the assault Your objectives are the two left-hand trenches On reorganization, you will occupy all the trenches on our objective Section will be forward right in the assault Your objectives are the two right-hand trenches You are also to keep the platoon commander informed of Platoon’s progress On reorganization, you will occupy the trenches on Platoon’s objective Section will be in reserve You will move to the rear of Section and will also cover our left flank Remember, there are no friendly units to our left You must be prepared to support either of the two forward sections as required On reorganization, you will occupy the trenches on Platoon’s objective L/Cpl Smedhurst will move with platoon headquarters c Coordinating Instructions: (1) Timings: 1700 - meal 1800 - last light 1930 - ready to move 2000 - move to FUP 2130 - move to line of departure 2200 - H-Hour 0615 - first light (company objective must be taken by then) (2) Indirect Fire Support: sections may request mortar fire on the platoon net We have also been allocated twenty illuminating rounds Example of Formal Orders continued ADMINISTRATION AND LOGISTICS: a Ammunition: in addition to his magazines, each man will carry bandoliers, anti-personnel grenades and WP grenades b Equipment: bergens are to be left at this location c Rations: a hot meal will be provided at 1700hrs Each man will carry two ration packs Water will be resupplied at 1700hrs d Medical: the RAP will be at grid 401079 COMMAND AND SIGNAL: a Command: in the event of the platoon commander and platoon sergeant becoming casualties, the order of seniority is Cpl Smith., Cpl Hobbs, Cpl Rigby b Frequencies: as shown in the company signals instructions c Call signs: L/Cpl Smedhurst’s call sign is 42D d Codewords: Peter Ross – Platoon’s objective secure Jock Scott – Platoon’s objective secure Willy Gunn – platoon’s objective secure e Password: Brick – Church Military Grouping Symbols Grouping Size Section/Squad Platoon Company Battalion Regiment ● ●●● ❙ ❙❙ ❙❙❙ Brigade Division Corps Army x xx xxx xxxx Arms armour (i.e tanks) armoured reconnaissance armoured or mechanized infantry artillery air defence engineer signals medical ordnance transport infantry platoon infantry company infantry battalion vehicle repair and recovery infantry Examples infantry section Notes: In the British Army: a A platoon-sized grouping of tanks and certain supporting arms is known as a troop b A company-sized grouping of tanks and certain supporting arms is known as a squadron c A battalion-sized grouping of tanks and certain supporting arms is known as a regiment In the US Army: a A company-sized armoured cavalry grouping is known as a troop b A battalion-sized armoured cavalry grouping is known as a squadron In most armies, a company-sized grouping of artillery is known as a battery AccountingBlank.fm Page Friday, February 27, 2004 3:53 PM AccountingBlank.fm Page Friday, February 27, 2004 3:53 PM ... 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