Dictionary of media studies

Dictionary of Media Studies Specialist dictionaries Dictionary of Accounting 7475 6991 Dictionary of Aviation 7475 7219 Dictionary of Banking and Finance 7136 7739 Dictionary of Business 7475 6980 Dictionary of Computing 7475 6622 Dictionary of Economics 7475 6632 Dictionary of Environment and Ecology 7475 7201 Dictionary of Human Resources and Personnel Management 7475 6623 Dictionary of ICT 7475 6990 Dictionary of Information and Library Management 7136 7591 Dictionary of Law 7475 6636 Dictionary of Leisure, Travel and Tourism 7475 7222 Dictionary of Marketing 7475 6621 Dictionary of Medical Terms 7136 7603 Dictionary of Military Terms 7475 7477 Dictionary of Nursing 7475 6634 Dictionary of Politics and Government 7475 7220 Dictionary of Science and Technology 7475 6620 Easier English™ titles Easier English Basic Dictionary 7475 6644 Easier English Basic Synonyms 7475 6979 Easier English Dictionary: Handy Pocket Edition 7475 6625 Easier English Intermediate Dictionary 7475 6989 Easier English Student Dictionary 7475 6624 English Thesaurus for Students 9016 5931 Check Your English Vocabulary workbooks Academic English 7475 6691 Business 7475 6626 Computing 9016 5928 Human Resources 7475 6997 Law 7136 7592 Leisure, Travel and Tourism 7475 6996 FCE + 7475 6981 IELTS 7136 7604 PET 7475 6627 TOEFL® 7475 6984 TOEIC 7136 7508 X Visit our website for full details of all our books: www.acblack.com Dictionary of Media Studies A & C Black ț London www.acblack.com First published in Great Britain in 2006 A & C Black Publishers Ltd 38 Soho Square, London W1D 3HB © A & C Black Publishers Ltd 2006 All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means without the permission of the publishers A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library eISBN-13: 978-1-4081-0208-4 Text Production and Proofreading Sandra Anderson, Heather Bateman, Emma Harris, Katy McAdam A & C Black uses paper produced with elemental chlorine-free pulp, harvested from managed sustainable forests Text typeset by A & C Black Printed in Italy by Legoprint Preface This dictionary provides a basic vocabulary of terms used in the media and entertainment industries It is ideal for all students of Media Studies and related subjects, as well as those working for the first time in jobs such as journalism, radio and television production and advertising Each headword is explained in clear, straightforward English and quotations from newspapers and specialist magazines show how the words are used in context There are also supplements including an overview of media law, details of major national publications and a list of media resources on the Web Thanks are due to Andrea Esser for her help and advice during the production of this book Pronunciation Guide The following symbols have been used to show the pronunciation of the main words in the dictionary Stress is indicated by a main stress mark ( ) and a secondary stress mark ( ) Note that these are only guides, as the stress of the word changes according to its position in the sentence Vowels ɑ ɒ a aυ aə aυə ɔ ɔ e eə e eυ i i ə  ə u u υ υə back harm stop type how hire hour course annoy head fair make go word keep happy about fit near annual pool book tour shut Consonants b d ð d f h j k l m n ŋ p r s ʃ t tʃ θ v w x z buck dead other jump fare gold head yellow cab leave mix nil sing print rest save shop take change theft value work loch measure zone MediaStudies.fm Page Tuesday, January 10, 2006 3:53 PM A A abbreviation amp A&R / e ənd ɑ / noun the section of a A A&R record company that tries to find new acts, works out contracts and copyright issues and generally protects their artists’ interests Full form Artists and Repertoire AB / e bi / noun the highest socioeconomic group, consisting of professionals with a high disposable income abbreviate /ə bri viet/ verb to make a piece of text shorter AB abbreviate | Circulation Australian Broadcasting Corporation AB deadline / e bi dedlan/ abbreviation advance booking deadline aberrant decoding / berənt di kəυdŋ/ noun an understanding of a AB deadline aberrant decoding | media product by an audience which is not the one intended by its maker aberrant reading / berənt ri dŋ/ noun an interpretation of a text which was not the meaning which was intended when the text was written aberration / bə reʃ(ə)n/ noun distortion of a television picture caused by a corrupt signal or incorrect adjustment abjection / bd ekʃ(ə)n/ noun the condition of, for example, a minority group, that has been cast out or expelled above-the-fold /ə b v ðə fəυld/ adjective E-COMMERCE referring to the most valuable area of a webpage which appears at the top of the screen so that the user does not have to scroll down to see it referring to the position of an important story or photograph on the front page of a newspaper so that it is visible when the newspaper is folded above-the-line advertising /ə b v ðə lan dvətazŋ/ noun advertising for which commission is paid to the aberrant reading | aberration | abjection above-the-fold | above-the-line advertising | above-the-title | abridge | AB roll ABC abbreviation Audit Bureau of ABC | advertising agency, for example an advertisement in a magazine or a stand at a trade fair above-the-title /ə b v ðə tat(ə)l/ adjective CINEMA relating to the credits that appear before the title of a film, listing the names of the starring actors, the directors and the producers abridge /ə brd / verb to make a text shorter by reducing detail or cutting sections out AB roll / e bi rəυl/ noun a sequence of two video or music segments that are synchronised so that one fades as the second starts absolute cost / bsəlu t kɒst/ noun the actual cost of placing an advertisement in a magazine or other advertising medium absolute time / bsəlu t tam/ noun the length of time that an audio disc has been playing abstract data type / bstr kt detə tap/ noun a general data type that can store any kind of information Academy Award /ə k dəmi ə wɔ d/ noun an award that the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences in the United States gives to particularly outstanding actors and many other workers in the film industry each year Also called Oscar acceleration factor /ək selə reʃ(ə)n f ktə/ noun the idea that increased efficiency in communication and transport links speeds up the exchange of information, which has an immediate impact on the media accent / ksənt/ noun the way in which a language is pronounced, which is characteristic of a whole region, social group or other community absolute cost absolute time abstract data type Academy Award | | acceleration factor | accent | MediaStudies.fm Page Tuesday, January 10, 2006 3:53 PM access access / kses/ noun the ability of the access reply access controller / kses kən trəυlə/ noun an electronic device that transfers image data to a video controller accessed voices / ksesd vɔsz/ plural noun those people in a society who are given exposure by the media, for example celebrities, politicians and experts in various fields, whose views are not necessarily representative of the views of society as a whole access head / kses hed/ noun the part of a disk drive that moves to a particular part of the disk’s surface and reads information stored on the disk access number / kses n mbə/ noun ONLINE the telephone number that a computer uses to establish a dial-up connection to an Internet service provider or other network provider accessory shoe /ək sesəri ʃu / noun PHOTOGRAPHY a bracket on a camera to which an accessory such as a flash unit may be fitted access panel / kses p n(ə)l/ noun a group of people that allows their television watching habits to be monitored for research purposes Also called panel access provider / kses prə vadə/ noun same as Internet service provider access television / kses telv (ə)n/ noun television which is free of state control and broadcast independently, usually on a small budget and within a particular area account /ə kaυnt/ noun an area of business such as design or publicity, that one company handles on behalf of another account director /ə kaυnt da rektə/ noun a person who works in an advertising agency and who oversees various account managers who are each responsible for specific clients account executive /ə kaυnt  zekjυtv/ noun an employee, especially in an advertising or public relations company, who handles all of a client’s business account handler /ə kaυnt h ndlə/, account manager /ə kaυnt m nd ə/ noun a person who works in an advertising agency, and who is responsible for a particular client access controller | accessed voices access head access number accessory shoe | access panel access provider | access television account | account director | | account executive | account handler | | acid house / sd haυs/ noun electronic disco music that was popular in the late 1980s, and is associated with the use of the drug ecstasy acid jazz / sd d z/ noun a mixture of funk, jazz, and soul music that was developed in the 1980s acid rock / sd rɒk/ noun a type of rock music that was popular in the late 1960s, with weird electronic instrumental effects suggestive of psychedelic experiences ACORN / ekɔ n/ noun MARKETING a classification of residential areas into categories, based on the type of people who live in them, the type of houses, etc., much used in consumer research Full form a classification of residential acid house public to question the actions and motives of major media companies ı right of | acid jazz acid rock ACORN neighbourhoods acoustic /ə ku stk/ adjective referring to sound referring to a musical acoustic | instrument or musical performance which is not amplified acoustic coupler /ə ku stk k plə/ noun a device that connects to a telephone handset, converting binary computer data into sound signals to allow it to be transmitted down a telephone line acoustic panel /ə ku stk p n(ə)l/ noun a soundproof panel placed behind a device to reduce noise acoustic rock /ə ku stk rɒk/ noun rock music that is mainly played on instruments without electronic amplification acoustics /ə ku stks/ noun the study of sound and sound recording acquiescent / kwi es(ə)nt/ noun in advertising audience classifications, a person who has an easy-going attitude to advertising and is more likely to be impressed by adverts which are funny, clever or eye-catching ı ambivalent, acoustic coupler | acoustic panel | acoustic rock | acoustics | acquiescent | cynic, enthusiast acquisition / kw zʃ(ə)n/ noun acquisition | the accepting, capturing or collecting of information the act of or acquiring new customers for a company, brand or product, one possible aim of an advertising campaign Compare retention Acrobat / krəυb t/ ‘ Adobe Acrobat Acrobat action action / kʃən/ interjection the command a film director uses to tell actors to begin acting as filming begins í noun, adjective a genre of film featuring action MediaStudies.fm Page Tuesday, January 10, 2006 3:53 PM adman sequences such as natural disasters, violence and acts of heroism action code / kʃən kəυd/ noun one of five codes used in the analysis of texts, describing events in a narrative ı enigma action code code, referential code, code, symbolic code semantic actuality actuality / ktʃu lti/ noun live or recorded sound of an event on location as it actually happens ad / d/ abbreviation advertisement | ad ADA ADA abbreviation audio distribution amplifier adaptive control model /ə d ptv kən trəυl mɒd(ə)l/ noun a model for adaptive control model | actioner actioner / kʃənə/ noun a film that | particularly features a large number of action sequences ActionMedia / kʃən mi diə/ a trade name for a digital video system developed by Intel that uses its i750 video processor chip to allow a computer to record, play back and manipulate digital video action replay / kʃən ri ple/ noun the repeat of a brief part of a filmed event such as a sports match, often in slow motion action shot / kʃən ʃɒt/ noun a scene with movement either in a film or on TV active audience / ktv ɔ diəns/ noun the audience for a media product, seen not as accepting a product as it is presented to them, but as interpreting, interacting with and using it for their own agenda ı uses and gratifications ActionMedia | action replay action shot active audience theory planning advertising expenditure which takes into account changes in consumer responses to advertising adaptor /ə d ptə/ a device which converts a single plug socket into two, three or four sockets add / d/ noun additional material in the form of new paragraphs which updates or expands on an existing article added value / dd v lju / noun, adjective any extra promotion that a publication can offer its advertisers, such as press events, supplements or special sections í noun extra promotional items that are offered with publications as an enticement to buy, such as free gifts or offers addendum /ə dendəm/ noun an extra section of a book or magazine, such as an appendix additive printing / dtv prntŋ/ noun PHOTOGRAPHY a printing process in which all other colours are produced by mixing the three primary colours addressee / dre si / noun in human interaction, the person who is receiving a piece of communication or at whom it is aimed Compare addresser addresser /ə dresə/ noun in human interaction, the person who is trying to communicate with somebody Compare adaptor | add added value addendum | additive printing active listening active listening / ktv ls(ə)nŋ/ noun the act of listening with the attitude of wanting to understand the speaker’s point of view, thinking that it is worth considering Compare deliberative listening active participation active participation / ktv pɑ ts | | peʃ(ə)n/ the way in which media intrusion can influence the stories which they are supposed to be reporting impartially active pixel region / ktv pks(ə)l ri d ən/ noun an area of a computer screen that can display graphic image information active video / ktv vdiəυ/, active video signal / ktv vdiəυ s n(ə)l/ noun a part of a video signal that contains picture information actor / ktə/ noun a person who acts in plays, films or television ACTT / e si ti ti / noun formerly, the trade union representing workers in the film and television industries Full form active pixel region active video actor ACTT Association of Cinematograph and Television Technicians ı BECTU addressee | addresser | addressee ad impression ad impression / d m preʃ(ə)n/ | noun the number of times an advertise- ment is downloaded from a webpage and assumed to have been seen by a potential customer Also called ad view adjacency /ə d es(ə)nsi/ noun a commercial which is run between two TV programmes ad lib / d lb/ noun improvised speech í verb to improvise a speech AdLib™ / dlb/ noun a type of sound card for a PC with basic sound playback and MIDI functions adman / dm n/ noun a man whose job is in advertising adjacency | ad lib AdLib™ adman .. .Dictionary of Media Studies Specialist dictionaries Dictionary of Accounting 7475 6991 Dictionary of Aviation 7475 7219 Dictionary of Banking and Finance 7136 7739 Dictionary of Business... of ICT 7475 6990 Dictionary of Information and Library Management 7136 7591 Dictionary of Law 7475 6636 Dictionary of Leisure, Travel and Tourism 7475 7222 Dictionary of Marketing 7475 6621 Dictionary. .. 6980 Dictionary of Computing 7475 6622 Dictionary of Economics 7475 6632 Dictionary of Environment and Ecology 7475 7201 Dictionary of Human Resources and Personnel Management 7475 6623 Dictionary