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Gia s Thnh c www.daythem.edu.vn BI TP PHN THC Bi Dựng nh ngha hai phõn thc bng chng minh cỏc ng thc sau: x y x3 y a) ; 35 xy d) x2 x b) x3 x x x ; 10 x e) x x 2 x x2 6x c) ; x x2 x ; x2 y 20 xy ; 8x f) 3x x x 3x ; Bi 2:Dựng nh ngha hai phõn thc bng nhau, hóy tỡm a thc A mi ng thc sau a) x 3x x ; A 2x x2 x x x2 ; ; x2 x x2 x A x 3x ; 2x x2 b) Bi 3:Ba phõn thc sau cú bng khụng? Bi 1: Rỳt gn cỏc phõn thc sau: 16 x 16 ( x 7)2 3x3 3x x2 x xy ( x y ) 18 x y(2 x 3)2 4a 8ab a) b) c) d) e) f) g) 4x x 6x x x 4x 14 x y ( x y )2 12 xy(3 x) 2(2b a)3 a b c x xy x y h) i) abc x xy x y (x 2)(x 3) j) x 7x 12 (2 x 4)( x 3) k) ( x 2)(3x 27) x y z xy l) x y z xz Bi 2:Thc hin phộp tớnh v rỳt gn: 1) 2x y 2x x3 y x3 y x3 y 4) 4( x 2) x ; 2 x y xy y 11x 13 15 x 17 5) 3x 4x x 3x 8) ; 2x 2x x6 11) 2x 2x 6x 2) x x2 8x 3x 5 15 x ; x3 y x3 y 5x y y x2 10) ; x y xy 7) Bi3: Rỳt gn cỏc biu thc sau: 1/ x x x x 1 x2 2/ 4x 3x 12 x x x x 4/ 3x ( x 1) 5/ 4x x2 7/ 3x x x 1 x2 ; 3x 3x x 2x x 3x ( x 1) 1 ; x ( x 2)(4 x 7) 3x 25 x 6) x x 25 x xy x2 9) 2 2 ; x y y x x2 12) - 6x 6x 4x 3) 3x 21 x x x xy x x 6/ + + 4y2 x2 x 2y x 2y 3/ x2 9/ x x x x2 2 8/ x x x 1 x x 36 x3 x2 11/ x x 6x x x x y 3xy 1 A= x x x x x8 x 10/ 12/ 2x 2x 2x 2x 2x 4x Bi 3:Tớnh v rỳt gn cỏc biu thc i s sau : x x 36 x 24 x x x2 5x x2 x : x x 12 x 3x x xy y x y : x xy y x3 y x 15 x x 48 x 64 x 24 x 36 3x 21 x 49 : : : : 5/ 6/ 7/ 8/ 4x x 2x x x 2x 5x x x 5x x x x x x x x x x x x : : : : : 9/ 10/ 11/ x x x x x x x x x 1/ x x x 2x x2 x 2/ 3/ Bi 4:Rỳt gn cỏc biu thc i s sau: 4/ Gia s Thnh c www.daythem.edu.vn x 2x x 10 x 6x x 36 6x B A= x 10 x x 10 x x 6x x 6x x x x x x C D = ( x ) ( x2 + 3x + ) x2( x : x x x x 2 x2 4x x 3x ( x 1)( x x 1) x2 A= : E : 6x3 4x 4x x x 3x 3x B= ( x 2x y 1 ):( ) 2 xy y xy x x y C x2 y y2 x y x 2 x y x xy xy y x x x2 Q : x x x 1 x x2 x 2x R : 2 x x x x x x x x x2 x x x 3x S : x x x x x x 4x D= ( ) : ( x 1) x x 2x2 Bi 5:Chng minh ng thc 1/ x y xy y xy y x xy y 2x y 2/ x 3xy y 2 x x y xy y x y x 3/ x x x( x 5) x Bi 6:*CM cỏc biu thc sau khụng ph thuc vo x a) x y yz zx ; xy yz zx b) y z x ( x y)( y z ) ( y z )( z x) ( z x)( x y ) Bi 7: Tỡm KX ca phõn thc Cho cỏc phõn thc sau: A= 2x ( x 3)( x 2) F= 3x x 12 x3 x2 9 x 16 x 4x 2x x C = D = E = 2x x 6x 3x x x2 3x x 3x x2 2x x2 x G= ; H= ; I= J = ; x x2 x2 x 2x B= a) Vi Iu kin no ca x thỡ giỏ tr ca cỏc phõn thc trờn xỏc nh b)Tỡm x giỏ tr ca cỏc pthc trờn bng c)Rỳt gn phõn thc A,B,C,D,E,F Tỡm s cha bit Bi 1:Tỡm x, bit: 1/ x x ( x 2) 2 2/ x x x Bi 2:Vi giỏ tr no ca x thỡ giỏ tr cỏc biu thc sau bng 1/ x( x 5) x 2/ 6x x x x x3 Bi 3: Vi giỏ tr no ca x thỡ biu thc sau cú giỏ tri bng nhau: 1/ 2x v x1 ( x 1)2 2/ v x 2( x 3) Gia s Thnh c www.daythem.edu.vn Bi 4: 3x cú giỏ tr bng x x 3( x 1) : 2/ Tỡm x biu thc B cú giỏ tr bng x x 1/ Tỡm x biu thc A Bi 5:Tỡm giỏ tr ca x : cú giỏ tr dng, giỏ tr õm x2 2/ Biu thc B = cú giỏ tr dng, giỏ tr õm 2x x 3/ Biu thc C = cú giỏ tr dng, giỏ tr õm x2 2x 4/ Biu thc D = cú giỏ tr khụng õm x x2 a b Bi 6:a)Tỡm cỏc s a v b cho phõn thc vit c thnh x 3x x ( x 1)2 1/ Biu thc A = x2 x A B C 3 ( x 1) ( x 1) ( x 1) x 1 ax b c c) Tỡm a,b,c cho ; ( x 1)( x 1) x x 1 a b c d)Tỡm a,b,c cho ; x( x 1)( x 2) x x x b)Tỡm A, B, C cú : Tớnh giỏ tr ca biu thc Tớnh giỏ tr ca cỏc biu thc sau: 1 ax a x x3 3x x3 x x vi a = 3, x = ; b) vi x = 98 c) vi x = ; 2 3 a ax x 3x x x 4x x 2x 10ab 5a a 1 d) vi x = ; e) vi a = , b = ; f) 15 vi a = 0,1; 2 2x x 16b 8ab a a 2 2x y x 9y g) vi x + 2y = 5; h) vi 3x - 9y = 2 0, x 0,8 y 1,5 x 4,5 y a) i) x 2x y xy y xy x2 1 : x y vi x = 1; y = : 2/ Tớnh giỏ tr ca biu thc x x 10 3y y vi x = 3,1 b) vi y = -3 x x y2 y2 a 3/ Cho 20 Tớnh giỏ tr cỏc biu thc : b ab ( a b) 2a 3b a) b) c) a b a b x 2x 3y 4/ Cho 3y x = 6.Tớnh giỏ tr cỏc biu thc : A y2 x6 a) 5/ Cho 3x y = 3z v 2x + y = 7z Tnh gi tr ca biu thc : M x xy x2 y ( vi x 0, y ) Gia s Thnh c www.daythem.edu.vn Tỡm x nguyờn biu thc cú giỏ tr nguyờn Tỡm nhng giỏ tr nguyờn ca x cỏc biu thc sau cú giỏ tr nguyờn 1/ 2x 2/ x 3/ 3x x2 4/ 2a a4 5/ x2 x2 6/ x 3x ( x 3) 7/ x x Tỡm GTNN,GTLN Bi :Tỡm giỏ tr nh nht ca cỏc biu thc sau : A x B x 2x C x x 15 D x 1945 1946 E F x 2x Bi : Tỡm giỏ tr ln nht ca cỏc biu thc sau : A 1 B x x 2x C x 4x B 2008 x 2009 C x BI TP TNG HP Cõu 1:Cho phõn thc A = 6x x x (2 x 3)(2 x 1) a/ Rỳt gn A b/ Tỡm x A = -1 Cõu 2:Cho phõn thc A = 2 x 10 x x ( x 5)( x 5) (x 5; x -5) a/ Rỳt gn A b/ Cho A = -3 Tớnh giỏ tr ca biu thc 9x2 42x + 49 Cõu 3:Cho phõn thc A = 18 x x x2 (x 3; x -3) a/ Rỳt gn A b/ Tỡm x A = Cõu 4:Cho phõn thc A = x2 x 10 50 x x 25 x x 5x (x 0; x -5) a/ Rỳt gn A b/ Tỡm x A = - 2 Cõu 5: Cho A 2x x x x x x 3x x x 3x x a) Rỳt gn A b) Tỡm x Z A Z 2x 2x x Cõu 6:Cho phõn thc: P(x) x x x 2 a) Tỡm t p xỏc nh ca phõn thc b) Rỳt gn v tớnh giỏ tr ca (x) x = 0,5 c) Tỡm x cho (x) = 2x 2 x x x2 x Cõu 7:Cho biu thc : A a) Rỳt gn A b) Tớnh giỏ tr ca biu thc A ti x tho món: 2x2 + x = c) Tỡm x A= d) Tỡm x nguyờn A nguyờn dng (x ; x ) D x Gia s Thnh c www.daythem.edu.vn x x 21 : x x x x Cõu 8:: Cho biu thc : B a) Rỳt gn B b) Tớnh giỏ tr ca biu thc B ti x tho món: 2x + = 5 c) Tỡm x B = d) Tỡm x B < x2 2x x a) Vi giỏ tr no ca x thỡ giỏ tr ca phõn thc A c xỏc nh? b) Rỳt gn phõn thc trờn c) Tỡm giỏ tr ca x giỏ tr ca phõn thc A l mt s nguyờn Cõu 9::Cho phõn thc A = x x x 2x P Cõu 10 Cho biu thc: x x x : x a) Rỳt gn b) Tỡm x Cõu 32:Chng minh cỏc biu thc sau khụng ph thuc vo bin s: a b 2a b 2ab 2 2a b a b b a a b x x xy x y b) B = x y x y x y x y2 a) A = Cõu 33: Rỳt gn biu thc ri tỡm giỏ tr ca x biu thc M = x2 x2 cú giỏ tr nh x2 x nht Tỡm giỏ tr nh nht y Cõu 34 rỳt gn phõn thc sau: x 10 x3 x x x x x xy 1/ / / / 25 x 50 x x2 x3 x y xy 5/ 36( x 2) x 12 x 12 x 14 x x xy x y 6/ 7/ 8/ 32 16 x x4 8x 3x 3x x xy x y x4 5x2 x x3 x 3x3 x x 10 / 11 / x 10 x x x3 x x 2x2 x2 4x a (b c) b (c a) c (a b) a b c 3abc 12 / 13 / ab ac b3 bc a b c ab bc ca Cõu 35: Quy ng mu thc cỏc phõn thc sau: 9/ 2x y2 v 12xy 9x y 3x 2x ; d/ ( x 2)( x 1) ( x 2)( x 5) 3x x ; e/ x x 16 3x 12x a/ yx ; ; 6x x 2y 8y 2x2 x x e/ ; x x 2x ; f/ x x 10 x b/ 2x x2 ; x 5x x xy 2x y ; d/ ; x x x x c/ Cõu 36: Tớnh tng 1/ 11 2 6x y 12xy 18xy 2/ 2x 32x 2x 2 2x x 4x 2x x 7 x 3/ x 36 x x 6x Gia s Thnh c www.daythem.edu.vn 3x 6 x 2x x2 4x 4/ 5/ 6/ 7/ 3x 9x 2x x x 4x 2x 3x 3( x 2) y 4x x 12 x 2x x 8/ 9/ 10/ 11/ x 36 x x x x 3x 2x x 2 x xy y xy x3 x 2 x x x 12/ a) 3x 3x e) x 2x x x i) 1 2x x x 1 x2 13/ x6 2x 2x 6x c) x x 2a a b) 2a 2a f) x3 y 2 x y x y2 j) x2 x x2 x 14/ g) 5x x 3x 15 x x 1 x x2 ( x 2) k) x x3 x m) x x x x x x 2x l) x 10 x 3x a 2a a a d) a2 a a a3 n) x2 1 x x x x s) x 3x 2x 2x 2x x t) x y x 2x x x x x2 a 49 a : a b a 49 a v) @) y y) x 4( x 1) x x( x 2) x4 x2 2x x x 2x x 2x x x2 3x x 4x x x2 x 2 p) (9x2 1) : q) : o) h) y r) w) 3x x 2x 4x ab a2 b2 3a b a b 3a b 2x x 3 x z) x x x x #) 2x x 2x : x x x3 x Cõu 37: Thc hin phộp tớnh sau: 3x x x 1 x x 1/ : / x / : y y y x x x x x y x a 2a 4a x x 4x / a / : x a x x a x x 10 x x 1 x3 x 1 6/ : x 27 / 2 x x x x x x x 2x 1 x x x 100 x 2x x2 9x 5x 8/ 9/ 2 x 10 x x 10 x x 3x 3x x x x x 10 / : x x x2 x2 Cõu 38: Thc hin cỏc phộp tớnh sau: 1/ 11 2 6x y 12xy 18xy 2/ 2x 32x2 2x 2 2x x 4x 2x x x 3/ x 36 x x 6x Gia s Thnh c www.daythem.edu.vn 3x 6 x 2x x2 4x 4/ 5/ 6/ 7/ 3x 9x 2x x x 4x 2x 3x 3( x 2) y 4x x 12 x 2x 8/ 9/ 10/ x 36 x x x x 3x x xy y xy x x3 x x6 12/ 13/ 2 2x x 2x 2x 6x x x x x 3x 2x x 2x x 15/ 16/ x x x2 2x 2x x 11/ 14/ x2 x x2 x Cõu 39: Tỡm x: a) a 3a a2 vi a 0, a 3, a x a4 a 4a b) a 2ab a b 4b x a 2b 3ab vi a 0, b 3, a 2b xy x y x y y x2 x x 17 / : 18 / : yx x 4x x x 2x 2x x x y 2x y 2x x x 2 3x x x2 y 19 / x 20 / x x y y x y x x x3 x x 2 x2 x 3x x 21/ : x x 3x 2x Cõu 40 rỳt gn phõn thc sau: x 10 x3 x x x x x xy 1/ 2/ 3/ 4/ 25 x 50 x x2 5x 5x2 y xy 36( x 2) x 12 x 12 x 14 x x xy x y 5/ 6/ 7/ 8/ 32 16 x x4 8x 3x 3x x xy x y x4 5x2 x x3 x 3x3 x x 9/ 10 / 11 / x 10 x x x3 x x 2x x2 4x a (b c) b (c a) c (a b) a b c 3abc 12 / 13 / ab ac b3 bc a b c ab bc ca Cõu 41: Quy ng mu thc cỏc phõn thc sau: 2x x2 2x y2 yx ; v b/ ; ; c/ 2 6x x 2y 8y 2x 12xy 9x y x 5x x x x xy 2x y 3x 2x ; ; d/ e/ ; d/ ; ( x 2)( x 1) ( x 2)( x 5) x x 2x x x x x 3x x ; ; e/ f/ x x 16 3x 12x x x 10 x a/ Cõu 42: Thc hin cỏc phộp tớnh nhõn - chia phõn thc sau: Gia s Thnh c www.daythem.edu.vn 3x x x 1 x x 1/ : / x / : y y2 y x x x x x y x a 2a 4a x x 4x 2x / a 6/ / : : x x a x x a x x 10 x x x x x x3 x 1 5x x x 100 7/ / x x x x 1 x x 10 x x 10 x x 2x x2 9x x x 9/ 10 / : 3x 3x x x x x x x2 x2 xy x y x y y x2 x x 11/ : 12 / : yx x 4x x x 2x 2x x x y 2x y 2x x x 2 3x x x2 y 13 / x 14 / x x x3 x x x y y x y x 2 x2 x 3x x 15 / : x x 3x 2x 3x 12 x 12 3( x x 4) 3( x 2) 12/40 a) x 8x x( x 2)( x x 4) x( x x 4) x 14 x 7( x x 1) 7( x 1)2 7(x 1) b) 3x 3x 3x( x 1) 3x( x 1) 3x y x2 ( y x)( y x) ( x y )( x y ) ( x y) 13/40: b) 2 x 3x y 3xy y ( x y )3 ( x y )3 ( x y)2 10/40: x x x5 x x x x x ( x 1) x ( x 1) x ( x 1) x x2 ( x 1)( x 1) ( x 1)( x x x 1) x x x ( x 1)( x 1) x 6/38: x5 x5 x x x3 x x x x x x ( x 1) x ( x 1) x( x 1) ( x 1) x2 ( x 1)( x 1) ( x 1)( x 1) ( x 1)( x x3 x x 1) x x x x ( x 1)( x 1) x 6 6.2 3.x 12 3x 3(4 x) VD: a) x x x x( x 4) 2( x 4) x( x 4) x( x 4) x( x 4) x( x 4) x y 12 y 12 y 12 y 36 ( y 6) y b) y 36 y y 6( y 6) y( y 6) y( y 6) y( y 6) 6y 10 Gia s Thnh c www.daythem.edu.vn x 25 y xy 10 x3 25/4 a) x y 5xy y 10 x y b) 3x 25 x 3x 25 x 3x x 25 5(3x 5) x( x 25) x x 25 x x( x 5) 5(5 x) x( x 5) 5( x 5) x( x 5) 15 x 25 x 25 x x 10 x 25 ( x 5) x5 x( x 5) x( x 5) x( x 5) 5x 1 1 x y x ( y ) x y c) y ( x y ) x( x y ) y ( x y ) x( x y ) xy ( x y ) xy ( x y ) xy ( x y ) xy ( x y ) xy d) x x x x x x x 16 x 1 x x x x x x 3x x 25 3x ( x 25) 3x ( x 5)( x 5) x x x3 ( x 5).6 x3 x3 ( x 5) 2x 2 2 ( x 13) 3x ( x 13) 3x 3x ( x 13) f) 2x x ( x 13) x3 x 13 e) ?4.Tớnh nhanh: 3x5 x3 x x x 3x5 x3 x x x x x 3 x x 2 x 3x x x x 3x x x 2x 2x 3x5 x3 x x x x x x x 3x x x 2x 2x 4x 4x 4x 3x (1 x)(1 x) 3x (1 x)(1 x).3x 3(1 x) b) : x x 3x x 4x 4x x( x 4) 2(1 x) x( x 4)(1 x) 2( x 4) x a 2a 4a x(a x)2a(a x) c) a 2a x a x x a x ( x a )( x a ) a) Cõu 43: Khi P = xy Thay x y x2 y xy xP yP x y xy x y x y vo: y x x y xy x P y P x xy x y y x y x y a) 5x x x x2 b) x x x(1 x) x 3 x x2 c) 3x 3x x 2x x x 2x c) 3x 3x x 2x x x 2x Cõu 44: Thc hin phộp tớnh: x x x(1 x) x 3 x x2 a) 5x x x x2 a) x y x y y x y x x x 1 x a b2 a4 b) a) xy xy x 10 x x 10 x x2 x2 a2 a b)2 b) 3x 3y 8x 8y b) 2x y 15x 15y 2 a b ab b : b) ab b a b 3x x : a) x x 11 Gia s Thnh c www.daythem.edu.vn a 49 a : A = a a 49 a Cõu 45: Tỡm x, bit a) b) a 3a a2 x a4 a 4a a 2ab a b 4b x a 2b 3ab vi a 0, a 3, a vi a 0, b 3, a 2b Cõu 46: Thc hin cỏc phộp tớnh sau õy: x 5x x x2 x a x5 x5 x2 : x x 4x x x b x y y y a b x2 x x a Vi iu kin no ca x thỡ giỏ tr ca phõn thc c xỏc nh? b Rỳt gn ri tớnh giỏ tr ca phõn thc ti x = 2010 Cõu 48 : Thực phép tính: Cõu 47: Cho phõn thc: x2 x 1 x6 h ) : c ) 2x y 2x y x x2 x x x 3x 5 x 10 x x 36 2x y 15 x y f) g) d) e) 4x x 2 x 10 x x xy xy y x y 7y x x x x x k) i) : : : x x x x x x x x x 4x x Cõu 49: Cho biểu thức: B 2x x 2x a) Tìm điều kiện x để giá trị biểu thức đ-ợc xác định? b) CMR: giá trị biểu thức đ-ợc xác định không phụ thuộc vào giá trị biến x? a) 5xy - 4y + 3xy + 4y b) 5x 5x x 100 Cõu 50 : Cho A x 10 x 10 x a Tìm điều kiện x để biểu thức xác định ? b Tính giá trị A x = 20040 ? Cõu 51: Biến đổi biểu thức sau thành phânthức đại số: 1 1 1 x a) ):( ) b) ( x2 x2 x 4x x 4x x x x 3x 3x x 1 x3 x 1 d) 1) : (1 ) c) ( e) x x x x x x x x 2x 1 x2 x Cõu 52: Chứng minh đẳng thức: x x : x x x x 3x 3x x x x x 50 x Cõu 53: Cho biểu thức: B x 10 x x( x 5) 12 Gia s Thnh c www.daythem.edu.vn a) Tìm điều kiện xác định B ? b) Tìm x để B = 0; B = c) Tìm x để B > 0; B < 0? Cõu 54: Quy ng mu thc cỏc phõn thc sau: 25 14 ; , 14 x y 21xy 3x y c) ; , 12 xy x y 3 2x e) ; , 2, 10 x y x y 3xy 2x x2 g) ; , ( x 2) x( x 2) 11 ; , 102 x y 34 xy x x d) , , ; x y x y xy 4x x f) , ; x( x 3) 3x( x 1) h) , 3x 12 x (2 x 4)( x 3) a) b) Cõu 55:Quy ụng mu thc cỏc phõn thc sau x 3x , ; x2 x x2 x 3x 2x c) ; , , x x x x x x2 , ; x x 4x 2x2 x y d) ; , , 5x x y y x2 a) b) 5x2 4x x x x , , , ; f) , ; x x x x x x x 12 x x x x ax ax ad ad , , g) ; h) ; 2 x ax 2a 3x 4ax 4a a ab ad bd a ab ad bd x y z i) ; , , 2 2 x xy y z x y yz z x xz y z x x2 y , j) , ; k) , ,x y; x 2x x x x y x xy y x2 2x x , , l) x x x x 3x x e) Cõu 56: Quy ng mu thc cỏc phõn thc: a x b x ba , , ; axb3 a xb axb ax ax , c) ; x ax 2a 3x 4ax 4a x x2 x , , e) ; x 27 x x x 3x 2x x 2a , ; x 4ax 4a x 2ax ab ac , d) ; a bc ac ab a bc ac b x2 x 2x , , f) x 3x 2 x x x x a) b) Cõu 57: Quy ng mu thc cỏc phõn thc (cú th i du tỡm MTC cho thu n tin) x x 1 2x ax 2x2 , , , , ; b) ; 2x 2 x x2 x a x ax a x3 a 24 4x 18 x x 2x , , , c) ; d) , ; 2 4x x x 2x 2x x x x x x x 8x 2x y xy , , e) 2 x 3xy y 3x xy y 3x xy y a) Cõu 58: Rỳt gn ri quy ng mu thc cỏc phõn thc sau a) x2 5x x2 x , ; x2 x 4x b) 13 x3 x x x3 x , ; x3 x x x3 x 3x Gia s Thnh c www.daythem.edu.vn x3 x x 26 x3 x 10 x 12 x y z xy yz zx x3 y z 3xyz c) ;d) , , x x 17 x 13 x3 x x 16 x y z yz ( x y ) ( y z ) ( z x) x x2 , Cõu 59: Cho biu thc B = 2x3 + 3x2 - 29x + 30 v hai phõn thc 2 x x 15 x 3x 10 a) Chia a thc B ln lt cho cỏc mu ca hai phõn thc ó cho b) Quy ng mu thc ca hai phõn thc ó cho Cõu 60: Cho hai phõn thc: , Chng t rng cú th chn a thc x 4x x 2x x3 - 7x2 + 7x + 15 lm mu thc cung quy ng mu thc hai phõn thc ó cho Hóy quy ng mu thc Cõu 61 Cng cỏc phõn thc cựng mu thc: x2 2 x ; x( x 1) x( x 1) x 38 x 3x x d) x 17 x x 17 x 1 2x y 2x ; x3 y x3 y x3 y 3x x2 6x c) ; x 3x x 3x a) b) Cõu 62:Cng cỏc phõn thc khỏc mu thc: 4x y x ; 15 x3 y x y xy x3 x 2x d) ; x x x x 1 x 14 f) ; x x ( x x 4)( x 2) 1 h) ; x ( x 3)( x 2) ( x 2)(4 x 7) 11 ; 2 x y 12 xy 18 xy 3x 3x c) ; 2x 2x 2x 4x2 y 4x e) ; 2 x xy y xy 1 g) ; x ( x 2)(4 x 7) a) b) Cõu 63:Dựng quy tc i du tỡm mu thc chung ri thc hin phộp cng 5x ; x x x2 1 x c) ; x 6x 6x x x x x xy e) x y x y y x2 3x 3x 3x ; 2x 2x 2x 4x2 x2 2 d) ; x x x 1 x a) b) Cõu 64:Cng cỏc phõn thc: 1 3 ; b) ; ( x y)( y z ) ( y z )( z x) ( z x)( x y ) ( y x)( z x) ( y x)( y z ) ( y z )( x z ) 1 3 c) ; d) ; x( x y )( x z ) y ( y x)( y z ) z ( z x)( z y ) (a x)(c x) (a x)(a c) (a c)( x c) 1 e) a(a b)(a c) b(b a)(b c) c(c a)(c b) a) Cõu 65:Lm tớnh cng cỏc phõn thc 11x 13 15 x 17 ; 3x 4x x4 x3 x x ; d) x a) g) 3x 25 x ; x x 25 x 2x 32 x 2x ; 2 2x x 4x 2x x x 3; e) 2 x y xy y b) h) x x4 1 ; x2 i) 1 2x ; x x x x x3 x 2x f) ; x x( x 3) c) x 3x 17 2x ; x x x 1 x Cõu 66:Cho hai biu thc: 14 Gia s Thnh c A= www.daythem.edu.vn 1 x , x x x( x 5) B= x5 Chng t rng A = B Cõu 67:Tớnh giỏ tr ca biu thc : a) A = 2x 1 vi x = 10; x x x x x b) B = x4 x3 x x vi x = -99 x Cõu 68:Tỡm cỏc s A, B, C cú : x2 x A B C 3 ( x 1) ( x a) ( x 1) x Cõu 69: Chng minh hng ng thc : a 3ab 2a 5ab 3b a an ab bn a 9b2 6ab a 9b2 3bn a an 3ab Cõu 70: Lm tớnh tr cỏc phõn thc: a) 3x x ; xy xy b) 3x 5 15 x ; x3 y x3 y xy x2 ; x2 y y x2 x6 i) ; 2x 2x 6x 3x 1 x3 l) ; ( x 1) x 1 x2 e) c) 9x 5x ; 2( x 1)( x 3) 2( x 1)( x 3) x x x9 g) ; h) ; x 10 x 10 x x 3x x 3x ; 2x 2x 5x y y x2 ; x2 y xy x 3x j) x ; x2 3x n) 3; 2x 6x x f) k) d) x 1 x x(1 x) ; x x x2 3x 3x m) x 2x x x 2x Cõu 71:p dng iu ny lm cỏc phộp tớnh sau: a) 1 3x ; 3x 3x x b) 18 x 2 ( x 3)( x 9) x x x Cõu 72:rỳt gn cỏc biu thc : a) 3x x 1 x ; x x x x b) x2 ; x2 x x3 c) x 36 x x x 6x Cõu 73:Thc hin phộp tớnh: a) ; ( x 1)( x 2) ( x 2)( x 3) ( x 3)( x 1) b) A 1 a(a b)(a c) b(b a)(b c) (a c)(c b) b) B = 2x 1 2x vi x = 4x 4x 4x Cõu 74:Tớnh giỏ tr ca cỏc biu thc: a) A = x2 vi x = 99; x2 x x3 Cõu 75:Lm tớnh nhõn phõn thc : 18 y 15 x 24 y 21x x x 20 ; b) ; c) d) ; x 12 y ( x 10)3 ( x 2) 25 x y ( x 1)( x 1)( x8 1) x 20 x 50 x ( x xy )2 x3 y e) ; f) ; g) x16 3x 4( x 5)3 x y x3 y x y xy x x x3 27 x ax bx ab x 2ax a 3 ( x y ) ;j) h) ; i) ; x 3x 3x x ax bx ab x bx b x 10 xy 20 y 10 x3 121y a) ; 11y 25 x k) a ax ba bx a ax bx ab ; a ax ab bx a ax bx ab l) x ax 3a 3x x x ax 4a x 3a ax 3x x x ax 4a Cõu 76: Rỳt gn biu thc (chỳ ý thay i du thy c nhõn t chung) a) x 12 x x x3 ; x2 x 27 b) x 25 x 10 x ; 5x2 x x3 15 c) 3x x x x (1 3x)3 Gia s Thnh c www.daythem.edu.vn Cõu 77: hõn tớch cỏc t thc v mu thc (nu cn thỡ dựng phng phỏp thờm bt cựng mt hng t hoc tỏch mt s thnh hai s hng) ri rỳt gn biu thc : a) x x2 2x ; x x2 5x x x ; x 2x x x b) c) x2 x 36 x 24 x x Cõu 78:p dng tớnh cht phõn phi ca phộp nhõn i vi phộp cng rỳt gn biu thc: x3 x 1954 x3 21 x ; x 1975 x x 1975 x x y ( x y)2 y ( x y)2 c) ; x y x2 x y x2 a) b) 19 x x 19 x x x x 1945 x x 1945 Cõu 79:Rỳt gn biu thc : x 15 x x x3 ; x3 14 x x 15 x x y 2 c) (x y ) ; x y x y a) b) x 3x 3x x2 x x3 x x 3x Cõu 80:Rỳt gn ri tớnh giỏ tr biu thc : x y x y vi x = 15, y = x x xy y x y y Cõu 81: Cng cỏc phõn thc sau : x a) 15 x 15 x2 15 xy 3z x y 3z 3xy 3xy b) x3 x x3 x x3 x x2 x x2 x x2 x d) e) c) x x x x y x y x y x2 19 x2 x2 x d) 2 x 33 2x 2x 4x Cõu 82: Cng cỏc phõn thc sau : 6x 5x x 5x b) 2 x x x yz y z yz x y z e) x y x z ( y x)( y z) ( z x)( z y) 2x y 2 x xy xy y x y2 3x x 2 a) e) x x x2 x x x2 a) b) c) 3x 3x 3x x c) x2 x2 2x x( x 1) x x d) x 3x 2x x x x x 10 15 x x x x a) 2x x3 x x x b) 2 2x 2x 4x f) Cõu 83: Rỳt gn cỏc biu thc sau : x x 4x a) x2 b) x x x x x x c) x y x xy 3x x x y2 x5 3x x 3x3 x x3 x x x f ) x3 3x x5 3x x3 x x x3 x y xy x3 y x xy x b) : c ) xy y y : x2 y x y xy x y e) Cõu 84: Thc hin cỏc phộp tớnh sau: 16 a) d) x2 y x xy x x y x xy y : x2 y x4 y ... = 98 c) vi x = ; 2 3 a ax x 3x x x 4x x 2x 10ab 5a a 1 d) vi x = ; e) vi a = , b = ; f) 15 vi a = 0,1; 2 2x x 16b 8ab a a 2 2x y x 9y g) vi x + 2y = 5; h) vi 3x - 9y = 2 0, x 0 ,8. .. x 100 x 2x x2 9x 5x 8/ 9/ 2 x 10 x x 10 x x 3x 3x x x x x 10 / : x x x2 x2 Cõu 38: Thc hin cỏc phộp tớnh sau: 1/ 11 2 6x y 12xy 18xy 2/ 2x 32x2 2x 2 2x x... x x2 x a x ax a x3 a 24 4x 18 x x 2x , , , c) ; d) , ; 2 4x x x 2x 2x x x x x x x 8x 2x y xy , , e) 2 x 3xy y 3x xy y 3x xy y a) Cõu 58: Rỳt gn ri quy ng mu thc cỏc phõn