Câu nói gián tiếp

* Dấu hiệu nhận biết: - adverbs of frequency: always, often, usually, sometimes, rarely, never… -adverb phrases of frequency: everyday, every week, every summer, every Sunday..; once a d

Tenses (Thì)

1 Simple present ( hiện tại đơn):

* Cách chia: a I /We / You / They + V : We go to school everyday

He / She / It + Vs/es : He usually goes to school on foot

+ Dùng do / does trong câu phủ định và nghi vấn:

He doesn’t often go to school on foot./ We don’t go to school on

We /You /They + are : They are Nam’s brothers

* Dấu hiệu nhận biết:

- adverbs of frequency: always, often, usually, sometimes, rarely, never… -adverb phrases of frequency: everyday, every week, every summer, every Sunday ; once a day, twice a week, three times a year…

* Cách dùng:-chỉ hành động thường xuyên xảy ra, thói quen, sự thật …-dùng trong mệnh đề phụ chỉ thời gian ( khi mệnh đề chính ở thì tương lai) We’ll go out when it stops raining

- dùng để nói về thời gian biểu,chương trình,giờ khởi hành của xe lửa,tàu thuỷ

The concert starts at 7.30 / What time does the train leave?

2 Present progressive ( hiện tại tiếp diễn):

* Cách chia: I + am + V-ing : I am doing my homework now

He /She /It+ is + V-ing : He isn’t doing his homework now

We / You / They+ are + V-ing : Are you doing your homework now?

* Dấu hiệu nhận biết:- now, at the moment, at the present, at this time…;

- câu tiếp theo sau câu mệnh lệnh :

Look! He is running after the bus

* Cách dùng:- chỉ sự việc đang xảy ra khi nói

- hành động sắp xảy ra trong tương lai gần

He is going on Sunday

- Chỉ sự thay đổi và phát triển với get and become

The town is becoming busier

+ Những động từ không dùng ở thì tiếp diễn (động từ chỉ cảm giác,suy nghĩ):see,smell,feel, taste,hear, believe,think,understand,remember,love,like dislike,hate

* Spelling: come-> coming , run -> running , lie-> lying

3 Simple past (qúa khứ đơn):

* Cách chia : S + Ved / V2 : He visited Hanoi last summer

S + didn’t + V : He didn’t visit Hanoi last summer

Did + S + V ? : Did he visit Hanoi last summer?

- Verb BE: I / He / She / It + was : I could play the piano when I was six

We / You / They + were : They were at Mai’s party yesterday

* Dấu hiệu nhận biết: yesterday , …ago, last…

* Cách dùng : chỉ sự việc đã xảy ra trong quá khứ, xác định thời gian và đã hoàn toàn chấm dứt

* Sound of the ending ED -> /id / / t / /d /

5 Simple future (tương lai):

* Cách chia : S + will + V ( I / We + shall ; shall not = shan’t )

S + will not + V

Will + S + + V ?

Tomorrow I will be thirteen

*Dấu hiệu nhận biết : tomorrow, next, in the future,in 3/4/10…days, soon, someday…

* Cách dùng : chỉ sự việc sẽ xảy ra trong tương lai

I shall be 14 next Sunday

* BE GOING TO dùng cho thì tương lai để chỉ kế hoạch,dự định,sự sắp xếp

I am going to buy some books tomorrow / Jack is going to play tennis this afternoon

+ Chú ý: be going to thường không dùng với động từ go và come

They are coming tomorrow ( không dùng going to come)

Exercises

I) Complete the sentenses.Use am / is / are + one of these verbs:

standing swimming

Listen! Pat the piano

They a new hotel in the city center at the moment

Look! Somebody in the river

“You on my foot” “Oh.I’m sorry.”

Hurry up! The bus

“Where are you ,George?” “In the kitchen,I a meal.”

(On the telephone) “Hello.Can I speak to Ann,Please?” “

She a shower at the moment.Can you phone again later?”II) What’s happening at the moment? Write true sentenses

(I /wash /my hair ) 2.(It / snow)

3.(I / sit / on a chair ) 4.(I /eat )

5.(I / learn / English ) 6.(The sun / shine )

7.( I / smoke / a cigarette) 8.( I /read / a newspaper)

III) Complete the sentenses.Use the correct form of these verbs:

boil close cost(2) go have like meet open smoke speak teach wash

She’s very clever.She four languages

Steve ten cigarettes a day

We usually dinner at 7 o’clock

I film.I often to the cinema

Water at 100 degrees Celsius

In Britain the banks at 9.30 in the morning

The City Museum at 5 o’clock every evening

Food is expensive They at lot of money

Tina is a teacher.She mathematics to young children

Your job is very interesting.You a lot of people

Peter his hair twice a week

Shoes are expensive.They a lot of money

IV) Write the opposite( positive or negative):

1.I understand 5.He doesn’t smoke

2.They know 6.She loves him

3.They speak English 7.I don’t want it

4.She doesn’t want them 8.He lives in Rome

V) Study this information:

☺

Bob and Ann George

YouHow often

do you ?

drink coffee in the morning?

read newspaper?

get up before 7 o’clock? never often

sometime

usually neveralways

? ?

?

VI) Put the verbs in the present progressive or present simple:

Excuse me (you/speak) English?

Tom (have) a shower at the moment

They (not/watch) television very often

Listen! Somebody (sing)

She’s tired.She (want) to go home now

How often (you/read) a newspaper?

“ Excuse me, but you (sit) in my place.” “ Oh,I’m sorry.”

“ I’m sorry,I (not/understand).Please speak more slowly.”

“Where are you,Roy?” “I’m in the sitting-room.I (read)What time (she/finish) work every day?

You can turn off the radio.I (not/listen) to it

He (not/usually/drive) to work.He

usually (walk)

VII) Complete the sentenses.Use one of these verbs in the past simple:

clean die enjoy finish happen live open play rain smoke

start stay want watch

Yesterday everning I television

I my teeth three times yesterday

Ben 20 cigarettes yesterday evening

The concert last night at 7.30 and at

10 o’clock

The accident last Sunday afternoon

Today the weather is nice but yesterday it

When I was a child,I to be a doctor

Mozart from 1756 to 1791

We our holiday last year it

It was hot in the room,so I the window

The weather was good yesterday afternoon,so we tennis.William Shakepeare in 1616

VIII) Put the verbs in the correct form of the past ( positive,negative or

That is a nice shirt.Where (you/ buy) it?

She (see) me but she (not/speak) to me

“ (it/rain) yesterday?” “ No, it was a nice day.”

That was a stupid thing to do.Why (you/do)it?

IX) Use the words in the brackets to write sentenses.All the sentenses are future.Use the present continuous or present simple:

1.I /not /go / out / tonight 2.The concert /start / 8.15

3.I / meet / my friends this evening 4.Tom /not /come / the party on Thursday

5.The English course /finish /on 10 May 6.My sister / get / married next December

7.My train / leave /at 8.45 8.I /not / go / to London tomorrow

X) Choose the correct tense:

We’ll go / are going to the theater tonight.We’ve got the tickets

What will you do /are you doing tomorrow everning? Nothing.I’m free

I’ll go /I’m going away tomorrow morning.My train is at 8.40

I’m sure he’ll lend /he’s lending you some money.He’s very rich

“Why are you putting on your coat?” “ I’ll go out./ I’m going out”

Do you think Claire will phone /is phoning us tonight?

She can’t meet us on Saturday.She’ll work /She’s working

XI) Complete the sentenses.Use be going to + one of the verbs:

eat give lie rain study walk wash

My hair is dirty.I’m going to wash it

I don’t want to go home by

I’m hungry.I this sandwich

It’s Vaal’s birthday next week.We her

a present

I felel tired I down for an hour

XII) Put the verbs in the simple present or simple future:

We shall wait until the police (come)

You will be astonished when you (see) the view

She (not/come) until you are ready

We (send) a telegram before we arrive

As soon as you buy the book,I (borrow) it from you

TENSES (Cont.)

1.Past progressive (quá khứ tiếp diễn):

* Cách chia : I / He / She / It + was +V-ing

We / You / They + were + V-ing

At this time yesterday, I was learning my lesson

* Dấu hiệu nhận biết:- at that time / at…+ past time ( yesterday,…ago, last…, …)

* Cách dùng :

- chỉ sự việc đang xảy ra ở một thời điểm trong quá khứ

At three o’clock yesterday I was having Physical education class

- một việc đang xảy ra cùng lúc với hành động khác trong quá khứ

While my mom and my sister were cooking dinner, I was cleaning the floor at 4 o’clock

lastnight

+ Chú ý: sự việc đang xảy ra tại một thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ thì có một hành động khác xảy ra cắt ngang (hành động dài hơn dùng thì QKTD,hành động ngắn cắt ngang dùng thì QKĐ)

When the teacher came in, the studends were playing , they weren’t doing their exercises

2 Present perfect (thì hiện tại hoàn thành)

* Cách chia: : have/has + past participle ( Ved /V3)

+ I /We /You /They + have (‘ve) + Ved /V3

He / She / It + has (‘s) + Ved / V3

- I /We /You /They + have not (haven’t)+ Ved /V3

He / She / It +has not (hasn’t) + Ved / V3

? Have + I /we/you/they + Ved /V3? => Yes,S + have/has

Has + he /she / it + Ved / V3? No,S + haven’t / hasn’t

* Dấu hiệu nhận biết :- since ,for, yet, already, just , recently, so far, up to now,…

- already, just : đứng giữa have/has và động từ chính(Ved/V3)}

* Cách dùng :

- chỉ hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ không xác định rõ thời gian với already,just, yet,

recently, so far, up to now,before,…

I haven’t seen a lion yet

- hành động còn liên quan đến hiện tại với since ,for

My father has had the motorbike for 10 years

- hành động lặp đi lặp lại trong quá khứ nhiều lần với many times,several times

We have seen that film many times

* dạng quá khứ phân từ ( past participle) của động từ có qui tắc giống dạng qúa khứ ( thêm -ED) clean-> cleaned, finish ->finished,stop -> stopped ,study ->studied

* dạng quá khứ phân từ ( past participle) của động từ bất qui tắc : động từ ở cột 3

be- was/were-been go –went –gone

do – did – done speak –spoke-spoken

put – put – put build-built-built

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* gone và been

He has gone to Hanoi ( = He is in Hanoi now)

He has been to Hanoi ( = He went to Hanoi but now he is back)

* Have you ever ? (-> present perfect ): present perfect + ever (trong câu hỏi) và never:

- Has Ann ever been to Australia?- No, never

- Have you ever played golf ? -Yes, once.(= one time)

- My mother has never travelled by air

- I've never ridden a horse

* for / since and ago

■ for / since:

- for / since -> how long

How long have you been here? I ‘ve been here for 10 years / since 1996

- for + a period of time ( một giai đoạn): for four days / for two years

- since + the start of the period ( bắt đầu một giai đoạn / một mốc thời gian):since Monday / since 9 o'clock )

* So sánh present perfect (I have done) và past simple ( I did )

+ Dùng thì quá khứ với thời gian đã hoàn tất (finished time): yesterday/last week/in 1986/six months ago

- I saw Jack yesterday, (not “I have seen Jack yesterday.”)

- Where were you last night? (not “Where have you been last night?”)

- We didn't have a holiday last year (not “We haven't had )

- I got up at 7.15 I washed, dressed and then I had breakfast

- William Shakespeare (1564-1616) was a writer He wrote many plays and poems (not has been a writer has written many plays)

+ Dùng thì quá khứ để hỏi When? / What time?

- When did they arrive? (not “ When have they arrived?”)

+ Compare:

present perfect past simple

I have lost my key but I lost my key yesterday

(= I can't find it now)

Bill has gone home but Bill went home ten minutes ago

(= he isn't here now)

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FORMS OF VERBS(Các hình thức của động từ)

* Có 3 hình thức cơ bản của động từ:

nguyên mẫu không có TO (bare inf),nguyên mẫu có TO (to inf) , danh động từ(V-ing)

A- Bare infinitive: ( động từ nguyên mẫu không có to):

a Sau modals: S + can, could,may might,should, must…+ V (bare inf)

- can / could: chỉ khả năng

- may / might : diễn tả những điều mà người nói không chắc chắn lắm

- should= ought to: diễn tả lời khuyên, bổn phận,lời đề nghị

- must = have to: diễn tả trách nhiệm hoặc bổn phận ( must mang tính bắt buộc hơn)

- will : to make offers ,requests, promises

- trong cấu trúc: make/have/let + O + V

b.Trong cấu trúc : Let’s + V…

♦ Một số động từ đáng chú ý:

I) WOULD:-Ngoài cách dùng của nó trong câu điều kiện, "would" còn dùng để chỉ một thói quen trong quá khứ

Ex: •When I was a child, I would sing folk songs

II) USED TO - BE (GET) USED TO:

- "used to + infinitive" dùng để diễn tả một thói quen ở qúa khứ

Ex: •He used to swim when he was six:

-> ở đây "used to" có nghĩa là "thường, đã từng"

- "be (get) used to + V-ing": quen với, (trở nên quen với)

Ex: • My mother is used to getting up early everyday

• He got used to walking five kilometres a day because he's lost his bicycle

- "be (get) used to + Noun"

Ex: Tom has got used to the cold weather since he came here

III) WOULD RATHER:

- "would rather" cùng nghĩa với "prefer" (thích hơn) nhưng "would rather" đi với động từ trong khi "prefer" có thể đi với động từ hoặc danh từ

would rather + infinitive (không "to" ) + than

Ex: • I would rather go to the cinema than stay at home

• I prefer going to the cinema to staying at home

• I prefer oranges to apples

-Thể phủ định của "would rather" = would rather + not

Ex: John would rather not go to class tomorrow

IV) WOULD LIKE:

- "would like" thường được sử dụng trong những lời mời và cũng có nghĩa là "muốn"

"would like" + to-infinitive ('d like)

Ex: • I'd like to tell you something about myself

• Would you like to have a walk with me?

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V) COULD/ MAY/ MIGHT:

Mặc dù "could" được sử dụng trong câu điều kiện, nó còn có thể được dùng để chỉ một "khả năng" Trong trường hợp này, "could, may, might" đều có cùng một nghĩa, để diễn tả những gì

mà người nói cảm thấy chưa chắc chắn lắm

Ex:• It might rain tomorrow It may rain tomorrow It could rain tomorrow -> (Ngày mai trời có thể mưa.)

Người ta cũng có thể nói:

•It will possibly rain tomorrow

Maybe it will rain tomorrow

* Possibly, maybe = perhaps: có lẽ, có khả năng

Ex: • I don't know where Lan is Maybe she is in her room

• I may go to the beach or stay at home in this summer holidays

VI) WILL / SHALL: You can use I'll (= I will) when you offer or decide to do something:-dùng will khi ta muốn đưa ra đề nghị hoặc quyết định làm một điều gì đó:

•'My case is very heavy.' 'I'll carry it tor you.'

•'I'll phone you tomorrow, okay?' 'Okay, goodbye.'

-Shall I / Shall we ? = Do you think this is a good thing to do? Do you think this is a good idea?

->dùng trong câu đề nghị:

• It's warm in this room Shall I open the window?

• Shall I phone you this evening?' 'Yes, please.'

• It's a nice day Shall we go for a walk?

B- To infinitive: (động từ nguyên mẫu có to)

- want / decide /remember /forget /would like / decide/ intend /begin / start / try / expect / + to inf

- too + adj + to inf

- adj + enough + to infUNIT 19 Exercises

19.1 Use the words in brackets ( ) to answer the questions

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- It takes + time + to inf

- S + ask / tell / advise / request / teach / allow / encourage / get + O + to inf

- would like / would love+ to inf…?

- S + be + adj + to inf (adj): easy, difficult, impossible,safe, boring, hard, amusing,…

Verb + to inf / gerund :

- like doing sth: thích làm điều gì like to do sth: muốn,quen làm điều gì

- try doing sth: cố gắng làm điều gì try to do sth: thử làm điều gì xem kết quả ra sao

- stop doing sth: chấm dứt một việcgì stop to do sth: dừng lại để làm gì

- need doing sth: cần phải được làm gì need to do sth: cần phải làm gì

- forget doing sth: quên đã làm điều gì forget to do sth: quên làm điều gì

- remember doing sth: nhớ đã làm điều gì remember to do sth: nhớ làm điều gì

- in order (not) to / so as (not) to + V  chỉ muc đich

C- V-ing: ( Gerund)

- sau các động từ: enjoy, like ,dislike, hate, love,finish,stop,mind,go on, start,begin,keep, avoid, suggest,practice

- prefer + V-ing+ to + V-ing

- What about + V-ing…?

- sau giới từ : of,to,at,in,by,with,without,from,about…,

Ex: He is afraid of staying at home alone / Try to work without making a noise

- sau be/get used to,look forward to,spend (time /money)

Ex: I am used to being criticized

- khi động từ làm chủ ngữ trong câu

♦ GERUNDS ( Danh động từ): V-ing

1.Gerund làm tân ngữ của giới từ:

We talk about going to Nhatrang on the holiday

I’m used to wearing a siut and tie every day

I look forward to going home next month

We talked about not going to the meeting

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- Tính từ có giới từ theo sau : Adj + preposition :

2 Theo sau các động từ: VERB + gerund

enjoy mind quit (give up) finish practise avoid discuss (talk about) suggest keep advise like dislike postpone

I) Complete the sentenses with SHALL I or SHALL WE

1 You offer to turn on the light.-> Shall I turn on the light?

2 You suggest going to the library.-> Shall we go to the library?

3 You ask your friend if she wants you to buy a dress.->

this dress

4 You offer to make your friend a cup of tea.-> you a cup of tea?

5 You offer to drive your friend to the airport.-> to the airport?

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6 You suggest looking for a hotel -> for a hotel?

II) Fill in thew blanks with WILL, WON'T or SHALL

1 Can somebody post the letters? - I do it

2 The baby stop crying Can you sing to her?

3 Don't worry I drive too fast

4 we go? - Just a minute, I'm not ready yet

5 we take the bus or the train?

6 The car start There must be something wrong with it

7 Tea or coffee? - I have coffee, please

8 I listen to any of this nonsense

9 .I wait for you? - Oh, thank you

10 Tom and I help you get everything ready

III) Invite people to do things Use Would you like to ?

1 (invite someone to come to a party next Friday) 2 (invite someone to go to a concert on Sunday) 3 (invite someone to play tennis tomorrow) 4 (invite someone to dance) IV) Choose the correct form 1 Do you like / Would you like a cigarette? -Yes, please.-> Would you like is right 2 Do you like / Would you like a banana? -No, thank you 3 Do you like / Would you like bananas?'-Yes, 1 love them 4 What do you like / would you like to drink?-Water, please 5 Do you like / Would you like to go out for a walk?- Not now Perhaps later 6 I like / I'd like ice-cream but i don't eat it very often 7 I'm tired 1 like / I'd like to go to sleep 8 Do you like / Would you like something to eat?-No, thanks I'm not hungry V) What do you say in these situations? Use Can you ? / Could you ? / Can 1 ?

1 (You are carrying a lot of things You want me to open the door for you.) ->You say to me: Can you open the door for me ,please? 2 (We are having dinner You want me to pass the salt.) ->You say to me: '

3 (You want me to turn off the radio.)

4 (You want to borrow my pen.)

5 (You are in my house You want to use my phone.)

6 (You want me to give you my address.)

VI) Supply the correct verb forms:

1 My father advised me (read) this novel

2 Does she want (become) a singer?

3 Can you help me (find) my mistakes?

4 Nothing will make me (change) my mind

5 The lord had the gardener (plant) trees (get) shadow

6 She doesn't like people (shout) at him

7 Does the city goverment intend (do) anything about pollution?

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8 We stopped once (buy) petrol and then we stopped again (ask) someone the way.

9 When I caught them cheating me, I stopped (buy) petrol there and started (deal) with your station instead.10.I tried(convince)him that I was perfectly capable of(manage)on my own, but

he insisted on (help) me

11 Your hair needs cutting You'd better (have) it (do) tomorrow

12 I always try (come) in quietly but they always hear me (go) upstairs It's impossible (climb)

an old wooden

stair case at night without (make) noise

13 Would you like me (turn) down the radio a bit?

No, it's all right I'm used to (work) with the radio on

14 Would your children mind (keep) quiet for a moment? I'm trying (fill) a form

15 I'm delighted (hear) that you can (come) on Saturday We are all looking forward to (see) you

16 They let us (park) motorcycles here but they don't allow us (park) cars

17 If you want the milkman (leave) you milk in the morning, don't forget (put) a milk bottle outside

VII)Choose the correct forms of the verbs in parentheses in the following sentences:

1 The teacher decided (accepting/ to accept) the paper

2 They appreciate (to have/ having) this information

3 His father doesn't approve of his (going/ to go) to Europe

4 We found it very difficult (reaching/ to reach) a decision

5 Donna is interested in (to open/ opening) a bar

6 George has no intention of (to leave/ leaving) the city now

7 We are eager (to return/ returning) to school in the fall

8 You would be better off (to buy/ buying) this car

9 She refused (to accept/ accepting) the gift

10 Mary regrets (to be/ being) the one to have to tell him

Put the verb in brackets in the right form, infinitive (with or without to), or -ing Sometimes two forms are possible

When I'm tired, I enjoy (watch) television It's relaxing

Would you like (have) something to eat?My family is trying

It started (rain) an hour ago Has it stopped (rain) yet?

4 We (decide) where to go on holiday

5 Our teacher made me (answer) all the questions

6 I've enjoyed (meet) you I hope (see) you again

7 I hate (see) a child (cry)

8 He used to (smoke) 20 cigarettes a day, but now I give up ( smoke)

9 Can you help me (get) the dinner ready?

10 When we arrived,the people next door invited us (have) a drink with them

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I) Choose the best word or phrases:

1 You can't stop me (doing/do/to do/that I do) what I want

2 I must go now I promised (not being / not to be /to not be/I wouldn't be)late

3 Do you want(me coming /me to come /that I come /that I will come) with you?

4 I'm sure I locked the door I clearly remember( locking / to lock /to have locked /lock) it 6.I like (cleaned /clean /cleaning / that I clean)the kitchen as often as possible

7 A friend of mine phoned mea (for invite/ to invite / for inviting / for to invite) to a party

8 a It is difficult to him understand

b He is difficult to understand

c It is difficult to understand him

d He is difficult to understand him

9 I didn't hear you ( came/ come/ to come /had come)in You must have been very quiet

10 I'd advise( to take /you taking /taking / you to take) more exercise

11.I remember ( the horse is winning / the horse to win/the horse winning/ the horse is to win) the race

12.She reminded the papers (me where to leave /me where I must leave/ where I must

leave/where to leave)

13.Someone suggested ( go/ going /of going / to go) for a walk

14.1 can remember ( hear/ heard/ hearing/ to hear) voices in the night

15 The police want (we reported /us reporting / us to report / we report) anything suspicious

16 We weren't sure (should knock/ to knock /whether knock /whether to knock) or just walk in

17 It was too cold (for the guests eating/ for the guests to eat/ that the guests should eat / that the guests eat) outside

18.1 didn't like it in the city firstly But now( I'm used to living /I used to live/ I used to living/ I'm used to live)

19.a It isn't enough funny for him to repeat

b It isn't funny enough fur him repeating

c It isn't funny enough to him lo repeat

d It isn't funny enough for him to repeat

20 a I regret to spend all money I've got none left

b I regret spending all money I've got none left

c 1 regret spend all money I've got none left

d I regret spent all money I've got none left

II) Make sentences from the notes

Eva/ like/ read/ stories about Greek heroes

generally/ Mark/ prefer/ stay/ at home/ to/ go/ out

we/ must/ avoid/ waste/ so much time

sometimes/ a country/ refuse/ take part/ in the Olympics

Chris/ be/ fed up with/ drive/ in the rush hour traffic/ every day

I / really/ detest/ wait/ for buses/ in the rain

the baby/ begin/ cry/ the middle of the night

14

8 I / found /it / difficult /reach / a decision.

9 the buses/ usually/ stop/ run/ before midnight

10 Sandra/ be used to/ work/ late/ the office

11 I/ can't face/ get up/ at five/ morning

12 last year/ we/ make/ an agreement/ work/ together

13 yesterday/ you/ promise/ carry on/ shoot/ the film

14 my father/ seem/ get/ better/ now 15 1/ would rather/ stay/ home/ tonight

-Hình thức động từ của câu bị động có dạng: be + past participle ( Ved / V3)

* Đổi câu từ chủ động (active voice )sang bị động (passive voice):

15

Active : S + V + O (Ap) (At)

Passive: S + BE - PAST PARTICILPE + (Ap) by O (At)

-s.present: is /are/am Ved / V3

-s past: was /were

-s future: will be

-present perfect: have/has been

-present cont: is/are/am being

-past cont: was/were being

Nam opened the door

Nam will open the door

Nam has opened the door

Nam is opening the door

Nam was opening the door Nam should open the door

PassiveThe door is opened by Nam The door was opened by Nam The door will be opened by Nam The door has been opened byNam The door is being opened by Nam The door was being opened by Nam The door should be opened by Nam

* Chú ý khi chuyển chủ ngữ của câu chủ động sang tân ngữ của câu bị động:

Subject <-> Object

I me

He himShe her

It it

We usYou you They them

16

I) Turn into passive voice:

They gave the job to Amy and Bob

They started the work last week

They finished the kitchen on Saturday

Somebody calls the president every day

Last Thursday we appointed a new marketing manager

William the Conqueror built the castle in the 11th century,

People believe that someone murdered Mr Stone

We put up a notice about the trip on the notice board yesterday

People think that an apple a day is good for you

1 They can't make tea with cold water

2 The chief engineer was instructing all the workers of the plant

3 Somebody has taken some of my books away

4 They will hold the meeting before May Day

5 They have to repair the engine of the car

6 The boys broke the window and took away some pictures

7 People spend a lot of money on advertising everyday

8 They may use this room for the classroom

9 The teacher is going to tell a story

10 Mary is cutting the cake with a sharp knife

11 The children looked at the women with a red hat.I

12 They have provided the victims with food and clothing

13 People speak English in almost every corner of the world

14 You mustn't use this machine after 5:30 p.m

15 Luckily for me, they didn't call my name

16 After class, one of the students always erases the chalk board

17 You must clean the wall before you paint it

18 They told the new pupil where to sit

19.1 knew that they had told him of the meeting

20 Nobody has ever treated me with such kindness

21 No one believes his story

22 A sudden increase in water pressure may break the dam

23 We must take good care of books borrowed from the library

24 A man I know told me about it

25 We can never find him at home for he is always on the move

26 They use milk for making butter and cheese

27 Science and Technology have completely changed human life

28 John used to visit Mr Cole at weekends

29 Weeds cover the river bank

17

30 Smoke filled the room.

II) Chuyen cac cau sau sang the chu dong:

1 These exercises were done well

2 This dress must be washed in cold water

3 No mistakes have been made in his composition

4 His painting will be exhibited for the first time by New Arts gallery

5 This house was built 100 years ago

6 These artificial flowers are made of silk

7 The lessons are being written by the students now

8 This job has to be done at once

9 These animals at the zoo are fed twice a day

10 The operation is going to be performed by French doctors

11 All the arrangements have been made

12 When was this radio manufactured?

13 They couldn't be found anywhere

14 Is mathematics taught in this school?

15 Fortunately the machinery' wasn't damaged by the accident,

16 Please wait here while your luggage is being examined

17 How are candles made?

18 For a long time the earth was believed to be flat

19 Were you taught how to apply this theory by your teacher?

20 Apples are said to be good for our health

21 Don't let the dog be teased by the children

22\It is believedxthat red is the symbol of luck

23 What have been done to help the poor in this city?

24 The jewelry must have been stolen while she was out

25 Where did the treasure use to be hidden by pirates in the old time?

Ill) Nhffng bai tap them ve the b| dong:

1/ Yes - No questions:

1 Do they teach English here?

2 Will you invite her to your wedding party?

3 Did the teacher give some exercises?

4 Is she going to write a poem?

5 Have they changed the window of the laboratory?

6 Is she making big cakes for the party?

7 Has Tom finished the work?

8 Are the police making inquires about the thief?

9 Must we finish the test before ten?

10 Will buses bring the children home?

2/ Wh- questions:

11 Why didn't they help him?

12 How many games has the team played?

13 Where do people speak English?

18

14 Who are they keeping in the kitchen?

15 How can they open this safe?

16 What books are people reading this year?

17 How did the police find the lost man?

18 Who looked after the children for you?

19 How long have they waited for the doctor?

20 What time can the boys hand in their papers?

3/ Sentences with two objects:

21 The teacher gave each of us two exercise books

22 Someone will tell him that news

23 They have sent enough money to these poor boys

24 They have given the women in most countries in the world the right to vote

25 They paid me a lot of money to do the job

5/Sentences with verbs "Continue and Begin"

36 We'll continue to use this computer

37 They began to plant rubber trees in big plantations

38 People can continue to enjoy natural resources

39 People will continue to drink Coca-Cola in the 21st century

40 American people begin to love football

6/ Sentences with Phrasal verbs:

41 They gave up the research after three hours

42 Someone should look into the matter

43 Don't speak until |omeone speaks toiyou

44 A neighbour is looking after the children

45 Your story brings back pleasant memories

II)

Romeo and Juliet were written from Shakespeare

I can't give you a ride because my car is repairing

I were told that, after been repaired, it will be as good as new

It thought that many diseases caused by smoking cigarettes

We were telling to arrive by noon, but we were delay

It was announce for the company president that large profits had be made

I) Write sentences from the words in brackets All the sentences are present 1 (this room / clean / every day) ->This room is cleaned every day 2 (glass / make / from sand) 3 (stamps / sell / in a post office)

4 (football / plav / in most countries)

5 (this machine / not / use / very often)

19

II) Write sentences from the words.in brackets All the sentences are past.

1 (the room / clean / yesterday) The room was cleaned every day

2 (this room / paint / last month) This room

3 (these houses / build / about 50 years ago)

4 (Ann's bicycle / steal / last week)

5 (three people / injure / in the accident)

III) Complete the sentences Use the passive (present or past) of these verbs: blow build clean damage find invent

make(2) pay invent show speak steal

1 The room is cleaned every day

2 Two trees down in the storm last night

3 Paper from wood

4 There was a fire at the hotel last week Two rooms

5 Many different languages in India

6 These houses are very old They about 500 years ago

7 Many American programmes on British television

8 'Is this a very old film?' 'Yes, it in 1949.'

9 My car last week The next day it by the police

10 The transistor in 1948

11 She has a very good job She $ 3000 a month

IV) Where were they born?

1 (Ian / Edinburgh) -> Ian was born in Edinburgh

2 (Sally / Birmingham)

3 (her parents / Ireland)

4 (you / ???)

5 (your mother / ???)

V) Complete the sentences, using the verbs in passive form

cause employ cover make show hold repair use

1 Cheese _ from milk

2 The roof was damaged completely It has to _soon as possible

3 Many accidents _by careless driving

4 The meeting next Saturday

5 It's a big factory Five hundred people _

6 Recycled plastic can to make toys and utensils

7 A cinema is a place where films

8 Most of the earth’s surface _ by water

VI) Change these sentences into the passive voice.

My mother cleans the room every day

Mr Robinson teaches us how to speak English properly

People play football all over the world

They make these artificial flowers of silk

They use a computer to do that job nowadays

They are digging the hole on the wrong side of the road

He is going to steal your money if you're not careful

Clement Clarke Moore wrote the poem "A visit from Saint Nicholas”They performed Christmas songs for people in town

Santa Claus gave children presents on Christmas Eve

My father decorated the Christmas tree with colored lights

Miss Thanh taught me to draw the Christmas cards

Ba invited Liz to the rice-cooking festival

They ate all the food before we got to the party

They held the festival in the communal house yard

The council leader awarded the first prize to the Mekong team

My grandfather built this house over 40 years ago

Our form teacher will hold a class discussion next Monday

John will collect me at the airport

Nick will bring the pizzas to our house

They were cleaning the floor when I arrived

He has spelt this word wrongly

The boy has just broken the vase of flowers

My friends have given me a book

Your teacher must sign this form

They used to drink beer for breakfast in England years ago

I have to finish my homework before bed time every ady

You can buy discount books in the shop if you are students

VII) Put the verb into the correct form: present simple or past simple, active or passive.

Ex: The rice-cooking festival is held (hold) every two years

1 It's a big factory Five hundred people (employ) there

2 Water (cover) most of the Earth's surface

3 The letter _( post) a week ago and it (arrive) yesterday

4 The boat (sink) quickly but fortunately everybody (rescue)

5 Ron's parents _(die) when he was very young.He and his

sister _ (bring) up

by their grandparents

6 The gate _(lock) at 6.30 pm every day

7 Sue _(bear) in London but she (grow) up in the north of England

8 We _(not/ play) football yesterday afternoon The

match (cancel)

9 Originally the book write) in Spanish and a few years ago it (translate) into English

10 I saw an accident last night Somebody (call) an ambulance but

nobody _(injure) so the ambulance (not/ need)

11 The escaped convict _(arrest) two days later

12 The police _(instruct) to take firm action against hooligans

13 He (think) to have attacked a young boy in the park

14 Checks _ (carry) out before anyone (allow) to leave the factory yesterday

15 Sometimes printing errors (discover) after the newspaper has been published 16.The hotel, which _ (complete) last month, (equip) with modem facilities

17 As my car (repair) last Friday, I _(give) a lift to work by a colleague

18 Eleven strikers who _ (imprison) for disturbing the,

peace (release) yesterday

19 Your poem should (write) in English

20 It's a serious problem I don't know how it can _(solve)

21 I learned to swim when I (be) very young I (teach) by my mother

2 They're painting the living room now

3 They're going to paint the ceiling pink

4 John is calling the other members

5 Martha was delivering the documents to the department

6 The police were following the suspects

7 The major is going to open the new airport

8 If you can't drive, who is going to drive your car?

9 The police are interviewing all the witnesses.

10 We're going to give David a big surprise

I) Sentences with two Objects

The teacher gave each of us two exercise books

Someone will tell him that news

They had sent enough money to these poor boys

They have given the women in most countries in the world the right to vote.They paid me a lot of money to do the job

II)Yes - No questions

Do they teach English here?

Will you invite her to your wedding party?

Did the teacher give some exercises?

Is she going to write a poem?

Have they changed the window of the laboratory?

Is she making big cakes for the party?

Has Tom finished the work?

Are the police making inquires about the thief?

Must we finish the test before ten?

Will buses bring the children home?

III) Wh - questions

Why didn't they help him?

How many games has the team played?

Where do people speak English?

Who are they keeping in the kitchen?

How can they open this safe?

What books are people reading this year?

How did the police find the lost man?

Who looked after the children for you?

How long have they waited for the doctor?

What time can the boys hand in their papers?

IV) Choose the best word or phrase for each sentense:.

1 I still can't believe it ! My bicycle last night

A was stolen B was stealing C stolen D stole

2 Today, many serious childhood diseases by early immunization

A are preventing B prevent C can prevent D can be prevented

3 “When ?" - "In 1928"

A penicillin was discovered C was penicillin discovered B did penicillin discovered D did penicillin discover

4 " When can I have my car back?"

“ I think it’II late this afternoon"

A finish B be finished C have finished D be finish

6 "Can't we do something about the situation?"

"Something right now."

A is doing B is done C is being done D has been doing

7 "Ms Jones, please type those letters before noon."

"They've already typed, sir They're on your desk."

A be B been C being D been being

8 Renoir's paintings masterpieces all over the world

A had considered B are considered C are considering D consider

9 "Has about the eight o 'clock flight to Chicago!" - "Not yet."

A been an announcement made B an announcement been made

C an announcement made D been made an announcement

10 On Friday afternoons, the highways people on their way out of the city

A are crowding by B are crowded with C are being crowd with D crowd by

11 The current constitutional problem is by the top leaders in the country

A studying B being studying C being studied D been studied

12 I with you on that subject

A am agree B am agreed C agreeing D agree

13 Both domestic and imported automobiles must anti-pollution devices

A equip with B be equipped with C equip by D be equipped by

15 The Mayan Indians developed an accurate calendar more than seven centuries ago

A were B ø C are D have been

17 "Has the committee made its decision yet?" "Not yet They are still the proposal."

A considering B been considered C being considered D considered

18 As the ferry tale goes, the prince into a frog by an evil magician

A turned B was turned C was turning D had been turning

19 Last night a tornado swept through the village It destroyed everything in its path

A ø B was C was being D had been

20 The hospital's air-conditioning system when the first heat of the summer arrived

A had installed B had been installed C installed D had been installing

21.Many US automobiles in Detroit,Michigan

A.manufacture B.have manufactured C.are manufactured D.are manufacturing

22.The university by private funds as well as by tuition income and grants.

V) Choose the correct form of the verbs:

Millions of pounds worth of damage (1) (has caused/has been caused) by a storm- which (2) (passed/was passed) across the

north of England last night.The River Ribble (3) (burst/was burst) its banks after heavy rain People (4) (rescued/were rescued) from the floods by firemen, who (5) (received/were received) numerous calls for help Wind speeds (6) (reached/wen reached) ninety miles an hour in some places.Roads (7) (blocked/were blocked) by fallen trees and electricity lines (8) (brought/were brought) down, leaving thousands of homes without electricity "Everything possible (9) (is doing/is being done) to get the situation back to normal," a spokesman (10) (said/was said).VI) Supply the corect form of the verbs:

The old building in East Street isBradford Hail It (1) (build) in 1827 and today it (2) (regard) as

the finest Georgian building in the country.A number of changes (3) (make) since it (4) (build),

but the front of the building (5) (not change) Today the Hall (6) (own) by the City Council, and

for the last ten years it (7) (use) as a home for City Arts Centre At the moment a small art gallery

(8) (build) behind the Hall

VII) Change these sentences into active voice

Ex: This house was built more than 100 years ago -> People built this house more than 100 years ago

The Christmas, trees were decorated and put at the front doors

His painting will be exhibited for the first time by New Arts gallery

French isn't taught in this school

A new supermarket is going to be built next year

Most of the questions can be answered by Nam

My camera was stolen from my hotel room a few days ago

These artificial flowers are made of silk

The lessons are being written by the students now

This job has to be done at once

The animals at the zoo are fed twice a day

The operation is going to be performed by French doctors

All the arrangements have been made

The villagers will be invited to attend the meeting

Our salary was going to be increased

When was this radio manufactured?

The rice - fields will have been ploughed by the end of this mont

Good progress has been made by John in his studies

They couldn t be found anywhere

These boys aren't taught by Mrs Johns.

Nothing had been moved until the police arrived

Fortunately the machinery wasn't damaged by the accident

Please wait here while your luggage is being examined

The results of the contest are going to be announced

Is mathematics taught in this school?

Was this symphony written by Mozart?

How are candles made?

How often are these animals Fed?

II) Sentences with verbs of perception:

I have heard her sing this song several times

People saw him steal your car

The teacher is watching them work

He won't let you do that silly thing again

People don't make the children work hard

They made him work all day

The detective sawjthe woman putting the jewelry in her bag

Một số dạng câu bị động khác:

I) Dạng nhờ bảo (Causative forms) "HAVE, GET"

Active : Subject + HAVE + Object (person) + bare infinitive + Object

Passive: Subject + HAVE + Object (thing) + Past Participle (+by +Object (person))Ex: • I had him repair my bicycle yesterday -> I had my bicycle repaired yesterday Active: Subject + GET + 0 (person) + to infinitive + 0 (thing)

Passive: Subject + GET + 0 (thing) + Past Participle (+ by + 0 (person))

Ex: • I get her to make some coffee -> I get some coffee made

II) Động từ chỉ về ý kiến (Verbs of opinion): say, think, believe, report, rumour, Active: Subject + Verb + (that) + Clause (S2 + V2 + O2)

Passive: • It + be + Verb (past participle) +(that) + Clause

• S2 + be + Verb (past participle) + to infinitive

to have + past participle

Ex: •People say that he is a famous doctor / People said that he was a famous doctor -> It is said that he is a famous doctor

-> He is said to be a famous doctor

• They thought that Mary had gone away

(hành động ở mệnh đề that xảy ra trước dùng perfect infinitive = to have + past participle) -> It was thought that Mary had gone away

-> Mary was thought to have gone away

I) Change these sentences to the passive voice (Sentences with verbs of reporting)

People say that many people are homeless after the floods

-> It is said that many people are homeless after the floods

-> Many people are said to be homeless after the floods

People think that the prisoner escaped by climbing over the wall

People say that she works 16 hours a day

People believed that the missing boy is wearing a white pullover and blue jeans

People expect that the strike will end soon

People report that the building has been badly damaged by fire

People say that the company lost a lot of money last year

People believe that 13 is an unlucky number

They rumoured the man asstill living

They declared that she won the competition

They know that English is an international language

People think that Jack London's life and writings/represent the American love of adventure.They say that Johnvis the brightest student in class

They reported that the President had suffered a heart attack

They think that he has died a natural death

They reported that the troops were coming

People believed that the earth stood stil

* Turn into passive voice:

1 They have painted the walls green

2 They will finish the work next week

3 The other members have repealed the amendment

4 The delegates had received the information before the recess

5 The teacher should buy the supplies for this class

6 Somebody will call Mr Watson tonight

7 The fire has caused considerable damage

8 John will have received the papers by tomorrow

9 They haven't decided anything yet

10 Your hair is long, you ought to get it cut

* Dung dong tu°trong ngoac or dang bj dong

1 Very few criminals (catch) by the police if informers didn't offer information

2 Could violence (control) more effectively if the police carried guns?

3 Foreign coins (not put) in parking meters

4 That man in the dock (let) off as it's his first offence

5 Flexitime (introduce) by the management next month

* Hoan thanh can, dung dang bj dong cua dong ti HAVE

1 He (fit burglar alarm) since his house was broken into

2 They (check statements) before the case comes up next week

3 Someone (clean room) when the police arrived

4 The house looks different She (repaint it)

5 I am not certain but I think she (steal wallet) at the airport

6 She oughtn't to (mend ladder) before the police had examined it

7 Look at that woman's red hair ! She (dye it)

8 The car is filthy so he (not wash it) today

9 I (vaccinate my baby) against small pox when he was six months old

10 His employers (arrest him) if he tries to leave the country

The bus fares have been increased, (they) ftiat? You mean _ again!Bicycles should be used for short journeys, (people) fes, I agree

Eggs shouldn't be kept in a freezer, (you) Really? I didn't know

Why isn't litter put in the bin? (people) Exactly Why don't

A lot of money was stolen in the robbery, (the robbers) Really? The papers this morning don't say that

The road in front of my house is being resurfaced at the moment, (they)

What? Did you say that

A decision will not be made until the next meeting, (the board)

Well, I've heard that

How is this word pronounced? (people)

Sorry, I don't know _

* he following sentences into the opposite voice (active or passice)

They will translate this book into Vietnamese

The medals were presented by Nelson Mandela

No one could do anything to put the fire out

You shouldn't expect your friends to help you

Bananas are exported to Europe

They have discovered oil at the North Pole

Someone stole all our money and passports

REPORTED SPEECH ( Câu tường thuật)

-Câu tường thuật ( lời nói gián tiếp) là câu tường thuật lại lời nói trực tiếp dưới một dạng

Ex: The farmer says, “I hope it will rain tomorrow.”

-> The farmer says that he hopes it will rain tomorrow

-Nếu động từ trong mệnh đề chính ở thì quá khứ thì trong lời trích dẫn ta phải đổi thì của động từ,tính từ và trạng từ chỉ thời gian, nơi chốn

Ex: “ I will come back here next August.”my freind said

-> My friend said that he would come back there the following August

1.Câu kể:( Statement)

- thường bắt đầu bằng các động từ : said (that)…/ said to sb(that)…/told sb(that)…

- khi đổi từ trực tiếp sang gián tiếp ,cần chú ý đến sự thay đổi về ngôi (Đại từ nhân xưng và sở hữu),

thì,trạng từ chỉ thời gian,nơi chốn:

* Ngôi: 1st -> cùng ngôi với chủ ngữ của mệnh đề chính(ngôi thứ 3): I -> he /she ; we -> they 2nd -> cùng ngôi với tân ngữ của mệnh đề chính

3rd -> giữ nguyên

Ex: - Tom said : “ I ‘ll leave here tomorrow.”

-> Tom said he would leave there the following day

-Tom said : “You will leave here tomorrow, Mary.”

-> Tom said to Mary that she would leave there the following day

- Mary said :“ He will leave here tomorrow.”

-> Mary said he would leave there the following day

* Thì : lùi về một thì :

hiện tại -> quá khứ

tương lai -> TLai trong qúa khứ : would + V

hiện tại tiếp diễn -> quá khứ tiếp diễn

hiện tại hoàn thành ->quá khứ hoàn thành / quá khứ -> quá khứ hoàn thành

must -> had to

* Trạng từ: here -> there

now -> then

today -> that day

tomorrow -> the day after,the following day

next (week) -> the (week) after / the following (week)

yesterday -> the day before

* Tính từ: this -> that

these -> those

.Câu hỏi Yes-No:(Yes-No quetions)

-Trong lời nói gián tiếp loại câu này được mở đầu bằng động từ: asked và theo sau nó có if hoặc whether

S + asked (sb) if / whether + S + V

Ex:- He asked:“Will Tom be here tomorrow?”

 He asked if /whether Tom would be there the day after

-My friend said, “Are you going to leave tomorrow?”

My friend asked me if I was going to leave the day after

- do, does , did thường biến mất trong lời nói gián tiếp

Ex: He asked: “Do you like frogs,Nam?”-> He asked Nam if Nam liked frogs

do S V O S V O

3.Câu hỏi có từ hỏi:(Wh-questions)

-Trong lời nói gián tiếp loại câu này được mở đầu bằng động từ: asked và trật tự từ giống như câu kể

S1 + asked (sb) + Wh + S +V

Ex: “What time does the film begin?”  He asked what time the film began

Wh aux S V Wh S V

- do, does , did thường biến mất trong lời nói gián tiếp

Ex:“ Why do you want to leave so soon?”  He asked why he wanted to leave so soon

Wh aux S V Wh ø S V

4 Câu mệnh lệnh,yêu cầu:

-Trong lời nói gián tiếp thường mở đầu bằng các động từ asked , told, requested…trong cấu trúc:

S + asked + O + (not) to inf

told

requested

Ex: He said to us “Close your books.”  He asked us to close our books

- chuyển động từ về to inf / (not) to inf

+ khẳng định: “ Open the door for me,please.” -> She asked me to open the door for her.+ phủ định: “Don’t tell any one about this.” -> He told me not to tell any one about that

- lời khuyên: S + advised + O + (not) to inf

Ex: “ You shouldn’t drink too much wine.”

-> The doctor advised me not to drink too much wine

Exercises

I) Complete the sentenses using SAY, TALK, SPEAK or TELL

1 When the child was in bed, his mother him a story

2 When Mary left, she “I call again next week.”

3 I've left my watch at home Could you me the time?

4 What is the word for someone who can two languages fluently?

5 I saw Peter yesterday, and he he was going to buy a new motorbike

6 Can you the difference between butter and margarine?

7 What exactly did Jenny to you when you asked her about the party?

8 Sorry, could you up? I can't hear very well

9 Don't be silly I wasn't angry I don't know what you are about

10 Excuse me, could you me the way to the station?

II) Change into Indirect speech:

1 The mother said to her son "Don't cry" (told)

2 The teacher said to us "Close your books, please" (asked)

3 He ordered them "Don't put your feet on the desk".(ordered)

4 Ann said to him "Don't wait for me if I am late".(told)

5 They said to us "Come and see us if you have time".(asked)

6 The customs officer said to us "Have your passports ready, please" (asked)

7 The librarian said "Be quiet, children".(asked)

8 "Don't forget to send your parents my regards", she said to me.(asked)

9 Tom said to us "Please help me".(asked)

10 "Shut the door but don't lock it", she said to me.(told)

11 "Please help us," they said to us.(asked)

12 "Don't forget to send your parents my regards", she said to me.(told)

13."Shut the door but don't lock it", she said to us.(told)

14."Could you put the plates in the dishwasher, please?" Mrs Robinson asked Justin, (asked)

15 Steve said to Mike, "Don’t touch the electric wires" (warned)

16."Please don’t tell anyone the news," Janet said to her sister (asked)

17."Don’t drive so fast!" Henry said to his wife (told)

"Please remove your shoes before entering" (asked)

"Mary, don't interrupt me when I 'm meditating," (told)

"First switch on, then wait for two minutes," (instructed)

"Sergeant, take the man to the cells," (ordered)

"Don 't forget to write me a letter every week." my mother said, (told)

Carol said, "Don 7 make so much noise, Peter." (told)

24 "Don’t tell anyone or you’ll be sorry" Mary warned her friend (warned)

III) A is talking to B about other people Finish A's second sentence

1 A: She likes you

A: Yes, she told me

that

2 A:He is married

A: Yes, he told me that

he

3 A: She can play tennis

A: Yes, she said that

4 A: They are from Italy

A: Yes, they told me

that

5 A: She has got a job

A: Yes, she told me

that

6 A: They will help us

A: Yes, they said that

7 A: He is going to India

A: Yes, he said that

8 A: She works in a bank

A: Yes, she told me

that

9 A: They live in London

A: Yes, they told me

that

10 A: She is studying art

A: Yes, she said that IV)Last week you had lunch with Rachel, a friend you hadn't seen for a long time

Report what Rachel said to you

1 I'm going to work in Spain next year

->Rachel

said

2 I work for a small publishing company

->Rachel

said

3 I'm their marketing manager

->Rachel

said

4 The company has opened an office in Barcelona

->Rachel

said

5 I've been chosen to run a new office in Madrid

->Rachel

said

6 I'm studying Spanish in the evening

->Rachel

said

7 I don't have much time to enjoy myself

->Rachel

said

8 I haven't had lunch with a friend for ages

->Rachel

said

9 I hope my friends will come and visit me in Madrid

->Rachel

said

10 I saw Helen at a party in June and she didn't recognize me

->Rachel

said

11 Richard and I are getting married next month

->Rachel

said

12 We want to go away for our honeymoon but I don't have much time

->Rachel

said

13 I must finish my report, so I have to get back- to work now

->Rachel

said

V) Change the following sentences to Indirect Speech:

"I was born in 1983" said Mary

"Do what you're told" my father said

She said "I must go home this evening"

He said to me "You can keep that one if you like"

“If I were you, I'd stop smoking" I said

“Is it me you want to speak to ?" Mary asked her boss

She said "I'm very proud of my parents, Daisy"

Nancy asked “ Why didn t you call me John ?"

"Don't go near the water, children", said she

Tom and I are going into the garden now to dig for worms Mum said the little boy

"Make a list of what you want", she told us

“Do whatever you like or go wherever you want" I said to them

She said to me "We didn't finish it yesterday because we were busy"

"I've just bought these books for you" My mother said to me

"I passed my driving test first time !" said Sam (boasted)

"The company spent a fortune on it and it's always breaking down" she said, (grumbled)

"The engineer was called three times last week" she said to them, (told)

" saw him yesterday morning." she said (said)

" bumped into my next-door neighbour when I was in Rome." Alice said (said)

"Donations were received from individuals and organizations." (received)

'I left my umbrella here two days ago" (told)

"Put as hard as you can" She said to me

11 Paul said " I must go home now."

12 "There's been an accident and the road is blocked", said the policeman

13 "We are waiting for the school bus", said the children

14 Mary said, "My father died a year ago"

17 "It isn't so foggy today as it was yesterday", said the teacher

18 "Be modest if you are a good pupil", said my father

20 Tom said, "New York is bigger than London"

23 The traveller asked, "How long does it take to get to London?"

24 John said, "I have finished studying my lesson."

25 Mary said, "I can not go to the movies with you, John."

29 "I didn't know them Did you, Tom?" she asked

*Change into passive voice,use the verbs in the brackets:

1 Peter said to Nick, "Would you like to stay for lunch?" (invited)

2 Tim said to Martin, "You ought to see a doctor." (advised)

3 Pat said to Jane, "You 're going to post the letter, don 't forget." (reminded)

5 "You’ll have to send the documents to the embassy, Mrs Brown," (told)

6 "Would you please sign the certificate for me?" (asked)

7 "Please would you shut the door?" she asked me (asked)

8 Sue said, "If I were you, Richard, I’d go by train." (advised)

9 "Would you like to have a cup of coffee with me?" Tom said to me (invited)

10 The teacher said, "You should study harder for the final exam" (advised)