ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN THI TUYỂN SINH ĐÀO TẠO TRÌNH ĐỘ THẠC SĨ MÔN: TIẾNG ANH (Dùng cho các chuyên ngành không chuyên tiếng Anh)

DẠNG THỨC ĐỀ THIPHẦN I: ĐỌC HIỂU Bài 1: Điền vào chỗ trống bằng một từ thích hợp cho sẵn mỗi từ chỉ được sử dụng một lần, có từ không được sử dụng Bài 2: Đọc các bài khóa và trả lời các

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BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO

TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC QUY NHƠN

ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN THI TUYỂN SINH ĐÀO TẠO TRÌNH ĐỘ THẠC SĨ

MÔN: TIẾNG ANH

(Dùng cho các chuyên ngành không chuyên tiếng Anh)

Reported Speech

B CHỦ ĐỀ TỪ VỰNG & ĐỌC HIỂU

LANGUAGES AND CULTURES

LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE

FAMILY LIFE AND WORK

TRAVEL AND TOURISM

HEALTH CARE

SOCIAL ISSUES

ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL ISSUES

PEOPLE AND ENVIRONMENT

INTERNATIONAL SCIENTISTS

MODERN TECHNOLOGY

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II DẠNG THỨC ĐỀ THI

PHẦN I: ĐỌC HIỂU

Bài 1: Điền vào chỗ trống bằng một từ thích hợp cho sẵn (mỗi từ chỉ được sử dụng một lần, có từ không được

sử dụng)

Bài 2: Đọc các bài khóa và trả lời các câu hỏi kèm theo

Bài 3: Đọc bài khóa và tìm một từ thích hợp điền vào chỗ trống:

PHẦN II: VIẾT

Bài 1: Viết các câu mới , dùng từ hoặc cụm từ cho sẵn:

Câu mẫu: I/ try/ find/ better car/ you

Bài 2:Viết lại các câu sao cho không đổi nghĩa của câu gốc:

Câu mẫu: The door was so heavy that the child couldn’t open it The door was too

Bài 3: Dịch Anh-Việt và Việt – Anh các câu cho sẵn.

III TÀI LIỆU THAM KHẢO

1 Ackert, P 1997 Concepts and Comments Harcourt Brace & Company.

2 Azar B 1990 Understanding and Using English Grammar Pretice Hall Regents

3 Murphy, R 1995 English Grammar in Use Oxford University Press

4 Smith, L & L Mare 1993 Insights For Today Heinle & Heinle Publishers

5 Soars, J 1992 Headway Intermediate and Upper-intermediate Oxford University Press

6 Thomson, A & A Martinet 1986 A Practical English Grammar Oxford University Press.

7 Nhiều tác giả 2002 Tài liệu luyện thi Chứng chỉ B Tiếng Anh NXB thành phố Hồ chí

Minh.

SESSION ONE :THÌ HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN VÀ HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN:

1 Let’s go out It (not rain ) now.

2 Julia is very good at languages She ( speak) four languages very well.

3 Hurry up! Everybody (wait ) for you.

4 “You (listen) to the radio?” “ No, you can turn it off”

5 “ You (listen) to the radio everyday?” “ No, just occasionally.”

6 The River Nile (flow) into the Mediterranean.

7 Look at the river It (flow) very fast today- much faster than usual.

8 We usually (grow) vegetables in our garden but this year we (not grow) any.

9 “How is your English?” “ Not bad It (improve) slowly.”

10.Ron is in London at the moment He (stay) at the Park Hotel He always (stay) there when he’s in London.

11.Can we stop walking soon? I (start) to feel tired.

12.Normally I (finish)work at 5 ,but this week I (work) until 6 to earn a bit more

money.

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13.Sonia (look ) for a place to live She (stay) with her sister until she find

somewhere.

14.“ What your father (do)?” “ He’s an architect but he (not work) at the moment 15.The train is never late It always (leave) on time.

16.Jim is very untidy He always (leave) his things all over the place.

17.Don’t put the dictionary away I(use) it.

18.Don’t put the dictionary away I (need) it.

19.Who is that man? What he (want)? Why he (look) at us?

20.I (think) of selling my car Would you be interested in buying it?

21.I ( think) you should sell your car You (not use) it very often.

PHẦN I: ĐỌC HIỂU:

Bài 1: Chọn từ thích hợp để điền vào chỗ trống trong câu (mỗi từ chỉ được sử dụng một lần, có từ không được sử dụng ):

normal exactly throat

1 Barbara has a sore ……… She can hardly talk

2 Many famous people have written ………… They are very interesting to read

3 I don’t understand ……… what you mean

4 Saudi Arabia cannot grow enough food to …… its population

5 It is a ……that the Earth is round

6 Peter …… his papers all over the table and then put them in order

Bài 2: Đọc các bài đọc dưới đây và trả lời các câu hỏi kèm theo:

I English is the native or official language on one-fifth of the land area of the world It is

spoken in North America, Great Britain, Australia, and New Zealand In South Africa andIndia it is one of the official languages

More people study English than any other language In many countries, the textbooks inuniversities are in English Many university classes are taught in English even though thenative language is not English

English is the language of international communication It is the language of internationalbusiness, research, and science More than three-fourths of the world's mail is written inEnglish More than three-fifths of the world’s radio stations use English More than half of thescientific and research journals are in English Most other languages have borrowed manyEnglish words

Questions:

1 Where , according to the text, is English used as the native language?

2 Why is it necessary for students in many countries to know English?

3 How many mails in the world are written in English?

4 Is English important in science? How do you know?

5 What language have most of the languages in the world borrowed?

II.“ What time is it ?” “ I don’t have enough time.” “Is it time to go yet ?” “Hurry up ! We’re

going to be late.”

We talk about time every day We measure it by the second, minute, hour, day, week,month, year, and century But what is time ? No one can say exactly what it is It is one of thegreatest mysteries of our lives

We don’t know exactly what time is, but our ability to measure it is very important It makesour way of life possible All the members of a group have to measure time in the same way.Time lets us put things in a definite order We know that breakfast comes before lunch.The reading class is after the writing class Children can’t play until school is over Timeenables us to organize our lives

The earliest people saw changes around them They saw day and night, the changes ofthe moon, and the seasons They started measuring their lives by these changes

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Then people started inventing clocks The Chinese invented a water clock in the eleventhcentury, but the Egyptians had them long before that As water dripped from one container toanother, it measured the passing time

Questions:

1 Why is time a mystery ?

2 How do we measure time ?

3 Why is our ability to measure time important ?

4 How does time enable us to organize our lives ?

III.

When the early settlers, especially the English, arrived in the New World, the hardships anddangers awaiting them were totally unexpected Had it not been for some friendly Indians,the colonists never would have survived the terrible winters They knew nothing aboutplanting crops, hunting animals, building sod houses, or making clothing from animal skins.Life in England had been much simpler, and this new life was not like what the Spanishexplorers had reported

Questions:

1 What faced the early settlers when they arrived in the New World ?

2 What were the Indians like ?

3 Could the early colonists survive the terrible winters ?

4 What did the Indians teach them ?

5 Where were the early settlers from ?

IV

In 1920, after some thirty-nine years of problems with disease, high costs, and politics, thePanama Canal was officially opened, finally linking the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans byallowing ships to pass through the fifty-mile canal zone instead of travelling some seventhousand miles around Cape Horn It takes a ship approximately eight hours to complete thetrip through the canal and costs an average of fifteen thousand dollars, one-tenth of what itwould cost an average ship to round the Horn More than fifteen thousand ships passthrough its locks each year

Questions:

1 When was the Panama Canal officially opened ?

2 In what year was construction probably begun on the canal ?

3 How long is the canal zone ?

4 On the average, how much would it cost a ship to travel around Cape Horn ?

5 How many ships travel through the Panama Canal annually ?

V

Clocks as we know them were probably developed by very religious people in Europe inthe thirteenth century They needed to know the exact time so they could pray at the righttimes By the 1700s, people had clocks and watches that were accurate to the minute.Some clocks were beautiful They had very complicated moving parts Some had figures

of people or animals that moved on the hour or quarter hour Others played music Themovement of the parts is beautiful to watch when you open these clocks

Questions:

1 Who developed clocks?

2 Why did they develop clocks?

3 When did people have very accurate clocks?

4 Describe some kinds of clocks at that time

5 What can you see when you open these clocks?

Bài 3: Đọc bài đọc dưới đây và tìm một từ thích hợp để điền vào chỗ trống:

A

Greenland is the largest … 1……… in the world It covers over 2,000,000 (two million)square kilometers Most of it …… 2……… inside the Arctic Circle, and a huge sheet of

… 3…… covers 85% (85 percent) of it Imagine that a map of Greenland is on top of a map

of Europe Greenland ….4…… from London to the middle of the Sahara Desert

The ice sheet is more than 1.6 kilometers thick, and it …….5…… melts There isprobably only rock under the ice, but no one knows for sure Along the sea coast, mountainsrise ……6……the sea There are a few low trees in the southwest, but no forests

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….7…….covers everything in winter, but in summer very low plants cover the ground between the sea and the ice sheet

Norwegian Vikings were the first Europeans to see the island in A.D 875, but no one visited it until 982 Three years ….8……….a few Vikings went to live there In 1261 the people in Greenland decided to join Norway Norway and Denmark united in 1380 This union ended in 1814, and Greenland stayed with Denmark Greenland is fifty times

….9…….than Denmark, but it is still a … 10…….of this small country

B.There was once a large, fat ( 1 ) who had a small, thin husband He ( 2 ) _ a job

in a big company and was given his weekly wages every Friday evening As soon as he got ( 3 ) _ on Fridays, his wife used to make him give her all his ( 4 ) , and then she used to give him back only enough to ( 5 ) _ his lunch in the office every day One day ( 6 ) small man came home very excited He hurried into the living-room His ( 7 ) was listening to the radio and eating chocolates there

“You’ll never guess ( 8 ) happened to me today, dear,” he said

He waited for a few seconds and then added, “I ( 9 ) ten thousand pounds on the lottery !”

“That’s wonderful !” said his wife delightedly But then she ( 10 ) for a few seconds and added angrily, “But wait a moment ! How could you afford to buy the ticket ?”

Bài 1: Viết các câu sau dùng từ , cụm từ cho sẵn:

Ví dụ: I/ try/ find/ better car/ you

I’ll try to find a better car for you.

1 I’ve / looking / job / three weeks / haven’t / yet

2 father / told / not / go / far

3 what / man / wearing / you saw

4 they / go / countryside / honeymoon

5 they / prepare / special dinner / today

6 concert hall / so crowded / saw / heard / nothing

7 Elvis / died / 42 / sudden

8 not tell / new job / got / recently

9 going to / new friends / meet / hostel

10 She sings / now / than / she used to

Bài 2 : Viết lại các câu sau sao cho không đổi nghĩa của câu gốc:

Ví dụ: The door was so heavy that the child couldn’t open it.

The door was too

The door was too heavy for the child to open. 1 It was such good weather that we went swimming The weather………

2 I haven’t eaten this kind of food before This is the first

3 They think the owner of the house is abroad The owner

4 I like swimming best of all sports My favourite

5 The teacher asked Tom whether he had any hobbies “ Do ”

6 Tom has also been collecting stamps for five years He also started

7 I didn’t realize who he was until later Only later ………

8 He had over 3000 stamps in his collection There ………….………

9 The doctor advised me to rest The doctor suggested ………

9 She didn’t say a word as she left the room She left the ……….……

10 I don’t intend to apologize to either of them I have ………

Bài 3 : Dịch các câu sau sang tiếng Anh:

1 Mãi cho đến lúc bấy giờ tôi mới biết rằng anh ta đã nói lên sự thật

2 Mệt mỏi sau một ngày làm việc, tôi đã đi nghỉ sớm

3 Một điều rất quan trọng đối với chúng ta hiện nay là phải xây dựng một nền kinh tế vững mạnh

4 Không ai biết được cách đây 5 năm anh ta ở đâu

5 Tôi không thể giải thích được là họ đã vượt qua tất cả những khó khăn ấy bằng cách nào

SESSION TWO :

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1 Factories and pollute the air.

2 Fall, winter, spring and are the four seasons

3 Tom’s car hit a tree, and he was badly _

4 Some countries are They have too many people

5 The heavy rains in the mountains caused a bad along the river

6 There is a when it doesn’t rain for a long time

7 The of food for hungry people is very important

8 Ann’s new diamond ring is _$5,000

9 Each class has fifteen students, but this semester there are only twelve

10 Paul had an accident last night His car was _ but no one was hurt

I.

Mahomed comes from Tripoli, a large port north of Beirut He has a married sister who lives

in Australia Nine months ago Mahomed and his parents came to Australia to live with his

sister “We are homesick for Lebanon all the time But it was terrible with the war there.

Shooting in the streets all the time There was no work, nothing We just stayed at home allthe time Two friends of mine from school were killed And my brother He was killed, too Hewas twenty-four years old He went to the shop and was shot in the street Just like that Itwas terrible” Mahomed has a brother-in-law who works in Beirut He was able to give thefamily money for air fares to Australia

Questions :

1 Why did they decide to move to Australia ?

2 What happened to Mahomed’s brother and friends ?

3 Who paid for their flight to Australia ?

Questions:

1 What did Frank Hawkins tell me?

2 What does Frank do? What did he use to do?

3 Did he work hard as a boy? What did he buy in 1938?

4 Why did Frank feel happy when remembering his hard early years?

III Read the article below For questions 1-5, you are to choose one best

answer, (a), (b), (c), or (d), to each question Then put a cross on the

letter that corresponds to your answer you have chosen.

Alexander Graham Bell was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, in the nineteenth century, and latercame to the United States Several members of his family did a great deal to encourage him

in the field of science His father was most instrumental by supervising his work with thedeaf While he dealt with the deaf and investigated the science of acoustics, his studieseventually led to the invention of the multiple telegraph and his greatest invention-thetelephone The last quarter century of his life was dedicated to advances in aviation

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1 What was considered to be Alexander Graham Bell’s greatest invention ?

a multiple telegraph b.telephone

2 To what did Bell dedicate the last of his life ?

a acoustical science b aviation

c adventure d architecture

3 What can we conclude about Alexander Graham Bell ?

a He worked very hard, but never achieved success

b He spent so many years working in aviation because he wanted to be a pilot

c He dedicated his life to the science and the well-being of mankind

d He worked with the deaf so that he could invent the telephone

4 Which of the following statements is not true ?

a Bell was born in the eighteenth century

b Bell worked with the deaf

c Bell experimented with the science of acoustics

d Bell invented a multiple telegraph

5 How many years did Hell dedicate to aviation ?

Bài 3: Đọc bài đọc dưới đây và tìm một từ thích hợp để điền vào chỗ trống:

In developing (1), where three-fourths of the world’s population (2), sixty percent of the people who can’t (3) and write are women Being illiterate doesn’t (4) that they are not intelligent It does mean

it is difficult for _(5) to change their lives They produce more than half of the food

In Africa, eighty percent of all agricultural work is _(6) by women There are many programs to help poor countries develop their agriculture However, for years, (7) programs provided money and training for men

International organizations and programs run by developed _(8) are starting to help women, as well as men, improve their agricultural production Governments have already (9) some laws affecting women because

of the UNO Decade for Women The UNO report will affect the changes now happening in the _(10) and society

1 They / must / an end / this discussion

2 The teacher / the class / four groups / last week

3 they / already / homework / when / come

4 I / not interested / find / new / job

5 she / used / stay / uncle / when / child

6 it / important / that / she / see / doctor / now

7 how long /it/ usually take you / do / homework?

8 if you / stay up late /you / be / tired / tomorrow

The door was too

The door was too heavy for the child to open. 1 I’m sorry that I didn’t finish my homework I wish

2 A train leaves for Hai Phong at 8 o’clock every morning There is

3 It is nearly four hundred years since the birth of Shakespeare Shakespeare

4 I’d like you to carry this bag for me Do you mind

5 Nobody expected him to get the position He got the position

6 I can’t tell lies very well I’m not

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7 People think the jewels were stolen by one of the guests One of the guests is

8 If we can solve the problem soon, it will be better for all concerned The sooner

Bài 3: Dịch các câu sau sang tiếng Anh:

1 Có nhiều thách thức cần phải vượt qua

2 Cánh cửa phía bên trái đang mở kìa

3 Người không có công ăn việc làm thường sống trong túng thiếu

4 Ngôi nhà chị ấy sống thời niên thiếu nằm ngay bên bờ sông Thu bồn

5 Nước Việt nam ta giàu và đẹp

SESSION THREE : THÌ QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN VÀ QUÁ KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN

1 Jane (wait) for me when I (arrive).

2 “ What you (do) this time yesterday?” “ I was asleep.”

3 “You (go) out last night?” “ No, I was too tired.”

4 ” How fast you (drive) when the accident (happen)?

5 John (take) a photograph of me while I (not/ look).

6 We were in a very difficult position We (not know) what to do.

7 I haven’t seen Alan for ages When I last (see) him, he (try) to find a job in

London.

8 When I was young, I (want) to be a bus driver.

9 The sailors (swim) near their ship when they were attacked by a shark.

10.Mary (wear) her new dress when I (meet) her yesterday.

11.The sun (rise) when I (wake) up this morning.

12.The boy was knocked down by a bus as he (cross) the road.

13.He fell down and (break) his leg while he (play) football.

1 Television is one of the cheapest forms of

2 He fell off his motor- bike, but his were not serious

3 The family managed to get out of the burning house, but they lost nearly all

their _

4 I was annoyed at his _ to co- operate

5 Sally came in so _ that she woke everyone up

6 He said “good evening” in a most way

7 Her boss _ her to work hard

8 Martin was very _ of what he had done

9 This organization is very concerned about the _ of the rain forests

10 The country is very _ so travelling by road is difficult

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I.

WATER Water is necessary for sustaining life in plants and animals Men have always beeninterested in the nature of water At one time, water was considered an element Most water

is derived from ocean directly or indirectly Water which New Yorkers use does not comefrom Hudson River Water used in New York homes comes from large reservoirs Water inthese reservoirs is purified However, absolutely pure water is probably unknown Lake water

is relatively pure, especially in the mountainous regions Most people think spring water ispure However, water which comes from spring sometimes contains large amounts of twotypes of salt Therefore, water in your springs should be analyzed

1 What is the importance of water?

2 How is water which New Yorkers use?

3 Is there absolutely pure water in the world?

4 What should people do to spring water?

II.

Because writing has become so important in our culture, we sometimes think of it as morereal than speech A little thought, however, will show why speech is primary and writingsecondary to language Human beings have been writing ( as far as we can tell fromsurviving evidence ) for at least 5,000 years, but they have been talking for much longer,doubtless ever since there have been human beings

When writing did develop, it was derived from and represented speech, althoughimperfectly Even today there are spoken languages that have no written form Furthermore,

we all learn to talk well before we learn to write: any human child who is not severelyhandicapped physically or mentally will learn to talk; a normal human being can not beprevented from doing so On the other hand, it takes a special effort to learn to write: in thepast many intelligent and useful members of society did not acquire the skill, and even todaymany who speak languages with writing systems never learn to read or write, while somewho learn the rudiments of those skills do so only imperfectly

To affirm the primacy of speech over writing is not, however, to say that the latter is oflittle importance One advantage writing has over speech is that it is more permanent andmake possible the records that any civilization must have Thus, if speaking makes ushuman writing makes us civilized

Questions :

1 What is more real than speech ?

2 How long have human beings had speech ?

3 Do all spoken languages in the world have their written forms ?

4 Can a normal human being learn to write without trying ?

III

One year Miss Wyatt decided to have a holiday in Italy She did not speak much Italian, butwherever she went, she was fortune enough to find people who knew enough English to beable to understand what she wanted, until one day she decided to have lunch in a charminglittle restaurant in a village in the south of Italy

She had seen some nice mushrooms in the market of another village nearby and thoughtthey would taste very good, so when the waiter came to take her order, she inquired whethershe could have some mushrooms for her meal, but she had great difficulty in explaining tohim because she did not know the Italian word for mushrooms At last she took out a penciland drew a picture of a mushroom The waiter’s face brightened at once, and he hastenedout to the kitchen A minute later he returned, carrying an umbrella

Questions :

1 Why did Miss Wyatt’s poor knowledge of Italian not interfere with her enjoyment of herholiday most of the time ?

2 Where did she have trouble in making herself understood ?

3 Why did she think she would like some mushrooms ?

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4 How did she try to show the waiter what she wanted ?

5 Why did he bring her an umbrella ?

Bài 3: Đọc bài đọc dưới đây và tìm một từ thích hợp để điền vào chỗ trống:

Once my uncle applied for a post in Camford University, It was a (1) good post and there were hundreds of (2) who applied for it The Dean and the committee _(3) all the candidates and as a (4) _ of this interview only two (5) _, my uncle and a Mr Adams, a self-confident young fellow As (6) _ committee couldn’t decide (7) of the two to take, each candidate was

to give a lecture in the college lecture hall My uncle (8) day and night at the lecture almost without eating or (9) _ Adams didn’t seem to do any (10) _ He ate (11) _ a horse and slept ( 12 ) a log

Dear Sir,

1 I / very surprised / letter / I receive / you / this morning

2 In it / say / I not pay / book / send / one month ago

3 You / say / I / send / money immediately

4 In fact / I return / book / you / same day / receive

5 I / return / not because / not want

6 But because / book / be / poor condition / several torn pages

7 I send / letter / that time / ask you / send / perfect copy / same book

8 I hope / you do that and / not have / write / you again / this matter

Yours faithfully, Samuel Johnson

The door was too

The door was too heavy for the child to open. 1 The car was so rusty that it couldn’t be repaired The car was too

2 Their dog was so fierce that nobody would visit them They had such

3 He was so tired that he fell asleep before the end of the film He was too

4 The furniture was so expensive that I didn’t buy it The furniture was too

5 Is it essential to meet your aunt at the station? Does your aunt …………

6 Even though I admire his courage, I think he is foolish Much …………

7 Given fair warning , I could have avoided that date If you had told me ………

8 Please don’t say things like that I wish …………

9 It would have been a superb weekend if it hadn’t been for the weather But ……

10 There’s a spare bed in David’s room David’s room …………

1 Jane, vận động viên bơi lội xuất sắc, đã đại diện cho Anh quốc tại Thế vận hội Omlypic.

2 Kể từ khi họ mua căn nhà đến nay đã được bao lâu rồi ?

3 Cậu đã nói dối anh ấy, điều đó thật sai lầm.

4 Cô gái nhà bên cạnh năm tới sẽ lấy chồng.

5 Tôi đã trông thấy cậu ấy ra khỏi nhà.

SESSION FOUR : THÌ QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN VÀ QUÁ KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN

1 I (call) Roger at nine last night, but he (not be) at home He (study) at the library

2 I (not hear) the thunder during the storm last night because I (sleep)

3 It was beautiful yesterday when we went for a walk in the park The sun (shine) A cool breeze (blow) The birds (sing)

4 My brother and sister (argue) about something when I (walk) into the room

5 I got a package in the mail When I (open) it, I (find) a surprise

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6 Tommy went to his friends’house, but the boys (not, be) there They (play) soccer in the vacant lot down the street.

7 Stanley (climb) the stairs when he (trip) and (fall) Luckily, he (not hurt) himself

8 While Mrs Emerson (read) the little boy a story, he (fall) asleep, so she (close) the book and quietly (tiptoe) out of the room

9 The rich old man (count) his money when the thief quietly (open) the door and (come) into the room

10 The mouse (eat) a piece of cheese when the cat (catch) and (kill) it

imprisoned homeless confused satisfaction invention worldwide

satisfied scientists worthless industrial confusing

approval

1 The satellites have given us communications

2 Scientific knowledge has been developed through the work of many

3 With the _ of the computer, office workers can save a lot of their time

4 There are many _cities in our country

5 The instructions were so that I have done it all wrong

6 The committee was not really _ with the financial inspection

7 The urban developer submitted his plan to the City Committee for _

8 He was for a year

9 The thief replaced the diamond with a _ stone

10 Thousands of people have been made _ by the war

I.

Louis Braille was born in France in 1809 His father had a small business He made shoesand other things from leather Louis liked to help his father in the store even when he wasvery small One day when Louis was three years old, he was cutting some leather Suddenlythe knife slipped and hit him in the eye Louis soon became completely blind

When he was ten years old, he entered the National Institute for the Blind in Paris Oneday his class went to visit a special exhibit by a captain in the army One thing in the exhibitwas very interesting for Louis It showed messages in code Armies send messages in secretcodes so no one else can read them The captain wrote this code in raised letters on verythick paper

Louis thought a lot about this code Then he decided to write in the same way so blindpeople could “read” with their fingers It is very difficult to feel the differences between raisedletters Instead of letters, Louis used a “cell” of six dots He arranged the dots with two dotsacross and three down

There are 63 possible arrangements of the dots in the Braille system Each arrangementstands for one letter, punctuation mark, or number He also used his system to write music.Louis Braille invented this system when he was only fifteen years old

Blind people can also write Braille They use a special kind of pen to make the dots

Questions :

1 What was Louis Braille’s place of birth?

2 How did he become blind?

3 What gave him the idea for the Braille system?

4 How old was he when he invented the Braille system?

5 Are there raised letters in the Braille system?

II.

THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT

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Scientists say that something very serious is happening to the Earth It will begin to getwarmer in the 1990s There will be major changes in climate during the next century Coastalwaters will have a higher temperature This will have a serious effect on agriculture Innorthern areas, the growing season will be ten days longer by the year 2000 However, inwarmer areas, it will be too dry The amount of water could decrease by fifty percent Thiswould cause a large decrease in agricultural production.

World temperatures could increase two degrees centigrade by the year 2040 However,the increase could be three times as great in the Arctic and Antarctic regions This wouldcause the ice sheets to melt and raise the level of the oceans by one or two metres Manycoastal cities would be under water

Why is this happening ? There is too much carbon dioxide (CO2 ) in the air When oil, gas,and coal burn, they create large amounts of carbon dioxide We send five billion tons ofcarbon dioxide into the atmosphere every year This amount will double in fifty years Thiscarbon dioxide lets sunlights enter the earth’s atmosphere and heat the earth However, itdoes not let as much heat leave the atmosphere and enter space It is like a blanket Theheat can pass from the sun through the blanket to warm the earth The heat stays there andcan not escape through the blanket again

Scientists call this greenhouse effect A greenhouse is a building for growing plants It ismade of glass or clear plastic

QUESTIONS

1. What is a greenhouse ?

2. What causes the greenhouse effect ?

3. Why do scientists call this the greenhouse effect ?

4. What changes will this effect make in the earth’s climate ?

5. What would the temperature in the Arctic and Antarctic regions be in the year 2040 ?

Bài 3: Đọc bài đọc dưới đây và tìm một từ thích hợp để điền vào chỗ trống:

In 1847, Michael Moore, a poverty-stricken seventeen-year-old farm worker _(1)Ireland for America (2) the future held in store for him, he did not know.However, he (3) know that it could not be any worse _(4) the past He had (5) up during the Great Famine in Ireland and had known what it was to be veryhungry He had _(6) his mother die (7) typhus a month before; his father haddied a year after Michael was born There was nothing now _(8) keep him in Irelandand so, _(9) a bright June morning, he stepped on (10) a ship bound forAmerica In years to come he would remember this moment

1 Don’t / me / unless / confused

2 he / write / the theatre / when / young

3 if / had worked hard / last year’s exams

4 arrive / in a few hours / HaNoi

5 in my life / have / never been

The door was too

The door was too heavy for the child to open.

1 I only made that terrible mistake because I wasn’t thinking If I ………

2 He knows nearly everything there is to know about whales There’s …………

3 I only realized what I had missed when they told me about it later Only when ……

4 As TV programs become more popular, they seem to get worse The more ………

5 Since we had nothing else to do, we decided to go for a walk Having …………

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6 The engine failed because a part had been badly fitted The engine failure ………

7 Why didn’t I think of that before I should …………

1 So với cách đây vài năm, bây giờ xăng dầu đắt gấp hai lần.

2 Lẽ ra cậu nên làm như tớ đã chỉ.

3 Tiếng ồn gì thế ? Nghe như một đứa bé đang khóc.

4 Lâu nay tôi cố gắng học tiếng Anh, thế nhưng tôi vẫn chưa hài lòng với những tiến bộ đạt được.

5 Bộ phim khác xa với những gì tôi tưởng.

6 Trung tâm thành phố tràn ngập khách du lịch đến từ đủ mọi nước.

SESSION FIVE :BÀI TẬP 1: THÌ QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN VÀ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH

1 What (you/ learn) since you (come) here? How many new friends (you/ make)? I hope you (already/ meet) a lot of interesting people

2 Since classes began I (not have) much free time I (have) several big tests to study for

3 Last night my roommate and I (have) some free time, so we (go) to a show

4 Since the beginning of the twentieth century, medical scientists (make) many important discoveries

5 Mr Count (work) as a cashier for 20 years Then he (retire) and (go) to live in the

countryside

6 Mr Brown is the bank manager He (be ) here for five years

7 The actors (arrive) yesterday and (start) rehearsals early this morning

8 I can’t go out because I (not finish) my work

9 You (have) breakfast yet?- Yes, I (have) it at 8:00

10 He (live) in London for two years and then (go) to Edinburgh

11 When I (leave) school, I (cut) my hair and (wear) it short ever since

12 He (not smoke) for two weeks He is trying to give it up

13 We (miss) the bus Now we have to walk

14 It (be) very cold this year I wonder when it is going to get warmer

15 Chopin (compose) some of his music in Majorca

16 You (be) here before?- Yes, I (spend) my holidays here last year_ You (have) good time?_ No, it (never stop) raining

CRIMINAL

1 There were over fifty _ in the orchestra

2.Jim always does what he says; he’s a very _ person

3 Alexander knows which mushrooms are _, so ask him before you pick them

4 The company is very efficient and gives a _ service

5 The _ of the fire was very welcome after our long walk

6 John’s _ improved at his new school

7 Work is going on to _ the bridge, which carries a great deal of traffic

8 That large dog is perfectly _ and has never been known to attack

anyone

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9 We have decided to interview only the best six for the job

10 No one with a recent record will be considered for this job

I

The controversy surrounding the relationships between and roles of men and women

is, perhaps, one of the features of the second half of the twentieth century in Western societies In the United States of America, for example, both sexes are, more or less aggressively, demanding freedom from the constraints of traditional attitudes towards the roles of the sexes and marriage The impact of this can be seen in the rising divorce rate, falling birth rate and the increasing number of couples living together without a marriage license.

It is perhaps interesting to speculate on the future roles of men and women In developed countries, if the advent of the silicon chip leads to mass unemployment and a revolutionized attitude towards work and leisure, what will be the effect on, for example, women who at present express their equality with men primarily through their work; if oil, coal and gas run out and alternative energy sources can not take up the slack in domestic supplies, what effect will this have on the roles of men and women in domestic life ? In developing societies, how will increasing exposure to Western society ( through the media and travel ) and improved technology affect the role of women ? One can obviously guess at the answers, but what do you think or hope will happen ?

Questions :

1 What is one of the features of the 20th century in the Western societies ?

2 Are American men and women still happy with their traditional role in the family ?

3 How can women express their equality with men ?

4 How are developing countries exposed to Western societies ?

II.

In societies where people tend to live together in extended family groups, - consisting

of grandparents, great uncles and aunts, parents, aunts and uncles, children and cousins, for example - care of both young and old is the natural function of the group The State is only needed when the efficiency of the group breaks down, because of illness or poverty, for example In Britain, however, people tend to live in nuclear family groups ( parents and children only ), with the result that the care of the old is a social problem and the State needs to intervene What is more, if the relationship between husband and wife breaks down, the children are immediately at risk, and State intervention may be necessary for them too Where parents do care for their children, however, they usually take their responsibilities very seriously.

The British population is already one of the oldest in Europe, and it is slowly getting older In 1990 the median age in Britain was thirty-six but it will rise to forty- one by 2020 At the end of the 1990s the number of pensioners will begin to rise rapidly, and the workforce will shrink One result will be that by 2020 there will be twice as many people aged eighty-five or over as in 1990 A disproportionate number

of the old, incidentally, choose to retire to the south coast and East Anglia, creating regional imbalances.

Questions :

1 What is an extended family ?

2 What is a nuclear family ?

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