ĐÁP án TIẾNG ANH PHẦN đọc HIỂU THI CÔNG CHỨC TỈNH QUẢNG NGÃI 2017

While your tongue swells, your eyes and brain shrink.. Eyes and brain shrink B.. results of the pressure change or possibly temperature change.When the brain isdeprived of oxygen, death

ĐÁP ÁN TIẾNG ANH PHẦN ĐỌC HIỂU THI CÔNG CHỨC TỈNH

QUẢNG NGÃI 2017 READING COMPREHENSION (20)

C1.c Researchers from the University of Arizona studied colonies of rock antsacross the western US, both by following them in the wild and by taking wholecolonies back to the lab.They found that certain risky behaviours, like foragingwidely for food and responding aggressively to a threat, went together,and colonies further north tended to take more of these risks The study suggeststhose more adventurous personalities could be an adaptation to thelimited window of activity left by the long, snowy northern winter

1 Where did the ants studied by the Arizona scientists live?

A In colonies across the eastern US

B In colonies across the western US

C In colonies across the southern US

D In colonies across the northern US

2 What do ants which look for food further from their nests tend to do if

they face danger?

A They respond aggressively to it.

B They leave the dangerous place

C They call for herds to come

D They don’t react

3 The characteristics of ants?

A Ants are a social species, living in a large corporation

B Ant is an individual living species

C Ants react wildly to threats

D A&C are correct

4 Which word means ‘change their behaviour to fit a particular situation’?

So the UK survives Pro-independence campaigners say they're disappointed,but insist the high turnout shows there's an appetite for change Few woulddisagree, and accept the result doesn't mean Britain goes back to business asusual In the hours and days ahead, the Prime Minister David Cameron and theother party leaders will now have to deliver on their promise in the last days of

the campaign to give Scotland more powers And no-one believes that can bedone without a wider shake-up of how the rest of the UK is governed.

1 Scotland stay in the United Kingdom after

A rejection independence

B reject in independence

C rejecting independence

D reject thing independence

2 Several polls in the weeks before the vote

A showed a smaller lead

B showed a small lead

C showed a smallish lead

D showed a smallest lead

3 However, on the day, there was

5 The result was "a deep personal and

policies encouraging people to leave their cars at home could have a dramaticimpact on public wellbeing

1 The benefits of walking or cycling?

A Improve people's feelings of health

B Improve people's feelings happiness

C Improve people's feelings of health and happiness

D Improve people's feelings of health and tiredness

2 The “least worst” of commuting for many people?

4 Why people feel better across a range of psychological measures?

A Because they switch from the car to an active commute

B Because they switch from the walking to an active commute

C Because they switch from the walking or cyling to the car

D Because they switch from the car to the walking or cyling

5 The effect of leaving cars at home?

A dramatic impact on health

B dramatic impact on environment

C dramatic impact on public wellbeing

D dramatic impact on economy

C4 The Earth's protective ozone layer is starting to repair itself, according to apanel of United Nations scientists The main reason behind its recovery, they

say, is the fact that certain chemicals, such as those used in aerosol cans, weregradually banned in the 1980s It was in the 1980s that many of us becameaware that small individual actions could harm the planet itself.Hairsprays werecited as one of the causes of the hole in the Antarctic ozone layer People weretold to wear sunscreen to avoid skin cancer as the layer thinned and more UVlight got through.By 1987 world governments had agreed to ban most of theozone-eating chemicals.The World Meteorological Organisation say at last theozone layer is showing signs of thickening, although it will be a while beforethey know if the hole is actually healing.The same organisation warned earlierthis week that climate change was heading in the opposite directionwith greenhouse gases in the atmosphere at a record level.

1 What's going on with ozone?

A finishing to repair itself

B starting to repair itself

C starting to repair atmosphere

D Being contaminated

2 The main reason behind its recovery?

A It’s certain chemicals

B It’s used in aerosol cans

C A&B are correct

D A&B are wrong

3 What were cited as one of the causes of the hole in the Antarctic ozone layer?

A Trash

B Hairsprays

C Vehicle

D Factory

4 How the government protects the ozone layer in 1987?

A They ban most of the ozone-eating chemicals

B They put forth the policy of environmental protection

C Ban on chemical production

D Family planning

5 What the organisation warned earlier this week?

A The atmosphere was deteriorating

B The ozone layer was thinner

C Higher solar radiation

D climate change was heading in the opposite direction with greenhouse gases in the atmosphere at a record level

C5 You can live without air conditioning and indoor plumbing, but there aresome true necessities of life You can't survive for long without food, water,sleep, or air Survival experts apply the ‘rule of threes’ to lastingwithout essentials You can go about three weeks without food, three dayswithout water, three hours without shelter, and three minutes without air.However, the ‘rules’ are more like general guidelines Obviously, you can last alot longer outside when it's warm than when it's freezing Similarly, you can lastlonger without water when it's humid and cool than when it's hot and dry.Thetechnical name for starvation is inanition It is extreme malnutrition and caloriedeficiency A

starving person is less sensitive to thirst, so sometimes death is from the effects

of dehydration Vitamin deficiency may also lead to death If a person lasts longenough, the body starts using protein from muscles, including the heart, as anenergy source Usually, the cause of death is cardiac arrest from tissue damageand electrolyte imbalance

1 What is the necessities of life?

A Air conditioning and indoor plumbing

B Food, water, sleep, or air

C Family and community

D All are correct

2 The rule that survival experts apply?

D All are correct

C6 Water is an essential molecule for life Depending on your age, gender, andweight, you consist of around 50-65% water, which is used to digest food, carryoxygen and nutrients through the bloodstream, remove wastes, andcushion organs Since water is so critical, it should come as no surprise thatdying from dehydration is an unpleasant way to go Oh, in the end, a victim isunconscious,

so the actual dying part isn't so bad, but that only occurs after days of pain andmisery.Lack of water causes cracked skin and a dry, raspy cough Coughingwon't be the worst, though While you might be out of fluids, that won't preventvomiting The increased acidity of the stomach can produce dry heaves Bloodthickens, increasing heart rate Another unpleasant result of dehydration is aswollen tongue While your tongue swells, your eyes and brain shrink As thebrain shrinks, the membrane or meninges pulls away from the bones of theskull, potentially tearing Death can result from liver failure, kidney failure, orcardiac arrest

1 What is an essential molecule for life?

A Air

B Water

B carry oxygen and nutrients

C remove wastes and cushion organs

D All are correct

3 The consequence of lack of water in the body?

A cracked skin and a dry, raspy cough

B Causing unconsciousness

C Illness

D Deadly

4 What happens when tongue swells?

A Eyes and brain shrink

B Eyes and brain swelling

C Eyes and brain cracking

D Eyes and brain dry

5 Death is the result of?

A Liver failure

B Kidney failure

C Cardiac arrest

D All are correct

C7.Any new parent can verify it's possible to go days without sleeping Yet, it's

an essential process While scientists are still unraveling the mysteries of sleep,it's known to play roles in memory formation, tissue repair, andhormone synthesis Lack of sleep (called agrypnia) leads to decreasedconcentration and reaction time, diminished mental processes, reducedmotivation, and altered perception.How long can you go withoutsleep? Anecdotal reports indicate soldiers in battle have been known to stayawake for four days and that manic patients have lasted three to four days.Experiments have documented normal people staying awake for eight to tendays, without any apparent permanent damage after a night or two of normalsleep to recover.The world record holder was Randy Gardner, a 17-year-oldhigh school student, who stayed awake for 264 hours, around 11 days, for ascience fair project in 1965 While he was technically awake at theconclusion of the project, he was completely dysfunctional by theend.However, there are rare disorders, such as Morvan's syndrome, which cancause a person to go without sleep for several months! The question of howlong people can stay awake ultimately remains unanswered

1 What is the role of sleep?

A Memory formation, tissue repair, and hormone synthesis

B Memory formation, tissue repair, and metabolically

C Memory formation, improve immune system, and hormone synthesis

D Increased longevity, tissue repair, and hormone synthesis

2 The impact of lack of sleep?

A Decreased concentration and reaction time

B Diminished mental processes

C Reduced motivation, and altered perception

D All are correct

3 How many days ordinary people may not sleep?

C8.How long a person can go without air is really a question of how long he can

go without oxygen It's further complicated if other gases arepresent For example, breathing the same air over and over is more likely to belethal because of the excess carbon dioxide rather than the depletedoxygen Death from removing all oxygen,like a vacuum, may occur from the

results of the pressure change or possibly temperature change.When the brain isdeprived of oxygen, death occurs because there is insufficient chemical energy

to feed brain cells How long this takes depends on temperature, metabolic rate,slower is better, and other factors.If oxygen deprivation occurs some other way,perhaps from drowning, for example, a person loses consciousnessbetween 30 and 180 seconds At the 60 second mark brain cells start to die.After three minutes, lasting damage is likely Brain death typicallyoccurs between five and ten minutes, possibly fifteen minutes.However,people can train themselves to make more efficient use of oxygen The worldrecord holder for free diving held his breath for 22 minutes and 22 secondswithout suffering brain damage!

1 What is the content of the article?

A Breath

B Food

C Enviroment

D Air

2 Why breathing the same air over and over is more likely to be lethal?

A Because of the excess carbon dioxide rather than the depleted oxygen

B Because it lacks some important air

C Because there’s not enough chemical energy

D Because it slows down metabolism

3 What happens when the brain has not oxygen?

A Death occurs because of swelling of the brain

B Death occurs because there is insufficient chemical energy to feed brain cells

C Death occurs because the brain cells die

D Death occurs because the brain is not metabolized

4 When the brain starts dying when drowning?

A At the 60 second mark brain cells start to die

B After three minutes, lasting damage is likely

C A & B are correct

D A & B are wrong

5 How long the man who holds the world record for free diving?

A 20 minutes and 22 seconds

B 21 minutes and 22 seconds

C 22 minutes and 22 seconds

D 21 minutes and 21 seconds

C9 Studies suggest that teenagers often sacrifice their sleep time when it comes

to making choices about time management The problem is, studies also showthat they need a lot more sleep than they probably get More and more studiesare showing that there is a direct link between sleep and academicsuccess.According to a study by sleep expert Mary Carskadon, PhD,teens should receive more than nine hours of sleep every night.Dr Carskadon'sstudy suggests biology might be the cause for sleep deprivation among teens.Their

internal time clocks are just a little different during teenage years andlate nights and sleep-ins are a natural part of growing into adulthood.Lack ofsleep

makes it more difficult for students to concentrate in school, especially duringthose early-morning classes.A more recent study shows that sacrificing sleep tostudy actually does more harm than good The sleep that you miss when youstay up late to study will cause ‘academic problems’ the following day It's justnot worth sacrificing sleep to study!

1 What is the content of the article?

4 What causes teenage sleep apnea?

C10 What can you do if you know you aren't getting enough sleep?Turn off the

TV at night The TV noises and flashing lights will only keep you from getting asound sleep If you can remember anything you hear during your sleep, it's asure sign you're not sleeping well.Reduce caffeine by switching to somethinghealthier, like bottled water.Limit after-school activities It's hard to do, but try

to limit your extracurricular activity Sometimes you just have to make ahard choice and stick to it.Don't think too hard right before bed time Turn offthe cell phone Keep track of time Often, students have great intentions, butother tasks seem to keep them up late, time after time Play music if you want,but not too loud Many people play music at night If it doesn't bother you, goahead Do you really need that after-school job? This might be a really toughdecision, too Some students need to work so they can pay for car insurance orsave up for college You'll just have to decide on your own, what's necessaryand what's not

1 According to the passage, what can you do if you know you aren't gettingenough sleep?

A Take sleeping pills

B Turn off the TV at night

C Listen to music

D Do not eat before going to bed

2 What should we do to avoid sleeplessness?

A Reduce caffeine

B Turn off the cell phone

C Keep track of time

D All are correct

3 What are the signs of not having good sleep?

A Remember anything you hear during your sleep

B Think about the day's work

C Imagine bad things

D Turn yourself down

4 By the text, what do you want to emphasize?

A Reduce caffeine by switching to something healthier

B Try to limit your extracurricular activity

C Turn off the cell phone and keep track of time

D All are correct

C11 Sleeping in the ocean is definitely different than sleeping on land As welearn more about sleep in marine life, we're learning that marine animals don'thave the same requirements for long periods of undisturbed sleep that we do.Here you can learn more about how different types of marineanimals sleep.Cetaceans,i.e whales, dolphins and porpoises arevoluntary breathers, meaning they think about every breath they take A whalebreathes through the blowholes on top of its head, so it needs to come up to thewater surface to breathe But that means the whale needs to be awake to breathe.How's a whale going to get any rest? The answer may surprise you.Research on captive animals shows that cetaceans rest one half of their brain

at a time, while the other half stays awake and makes sure the animalbreathes.Sharks need to keep water moving over their gills so that they receiveoxygen So that means they need to keep moving all the time or do they?Some sharks do need to move all the time, and these sharks seem to be ‘sleepswimming,’ with some parts of their brain more active than others Other sharkscan rest, using spiracles to draw in

oxygenated water

1 What is the content of the article?

A Sleeping in the ocean

B Life in the ocean