Chuyên đề Peptit Protein ôn thi THPT QG môn Hóa học có lời giải chi tiết

Vng vng nn tng, Khai sỏng tng lai TI LIU ễN THI THPT QUC GIA CHUYấN PEPTIT PROTEIN A Lí THUYT PEPTIT Khỏi nim - Liờn kt ca nhúm CO vi nhúm NH gia hai n v - aminoaxit c gi l liờn kt peptit - Peptit l nhng hp cht cha t n 50 gc - aminoaxit liờn kt vi bng cỏc liờn kt peptit Tớnh cht húa hc a Phn ng mu Biure Peptit v{ protein t|c dng vi Cu(OH)2 to dung dch cú m{u tớm c trng ipeptit khụng cú phn ng ny b Phn ng thy phõn hon ton to cỏc a - aminoaxit Khi thy ph}n ho{n to{n tựy theo mụi trng m{ sn phm ca phn ng kh|c nhau: - Trong mụi trng trung tớnh: n-peptit + (n-1)H2O aminoaxit - Trong mụi trng axit HCl: n-peptit + (n-1)H2O + (n+x)HCl mui amoniclorua ca aminoaxit Trong ú x l{ s mt xớch Lysin n - peptit - Trong mụi trng baz NaOH: n-peptit + (n+y) NaOH mui natri ca aminoaxit + (y +1) H2O vi y l{ s mt xớch Glutamic n-peptit Trng hp thy phõn khụng hon ton peptit thỡ chỳng ta thu c hn hp cỏc aminoaxit v cỏc oligopeptit Khi gp bi toỏn dng ny chỳng ta cú th s dng bo ton s mt xớch ca mt loi aminoaxit no ú kt hp vi bo ton lng B Lí THUYT PROTEIN Khỏi nim - Protein l{ nhng polipeptit cao ph}n t cú ph}n t t v{i chc nghỡn n v{i triu - Gm hai loi protein n gin v{ protein phc tp: + Protein n gin ch gm c|c chui polipeptit + Protein phc ngo{i c|c chui polipeptit cũn cú th{nh phn phi protein kh|c Tớnh cht húa hc - Phn ng thy ph}n to c|c -aminoaxit nu khụng ho{n to{n to c|c oligopeptit - Phn ng m{u vi HNO3 c to kt ta m{u v{ng, vi Cu(OH)2 cú phn ng m{u Biure v{ b ụng t un núng hay tip xỳc vi axit, baz húa cht l Enzim l{ nhng cht hu ht cú bn cht protein, cú kh nng xỳc t|c cho c|c qu| trỡnh húa hc, c bit c th sinh vt c im xỳc t|c ca enzim: nhanh (109 1011 ln) v{ chn lc W: www.hoc247.net F: www.facebook.com/hoc247.net T: 098 1821 807 Trang | Vng vng nn tng, Khai sỏng tng lai BI TP TRC NGHIM V PEPTIT PROTEIN Cõu 1: Cho 13,32 gam peptit X n gc alalin to th{nh, thy ph}n ho{n to{n mụi trng axit thu c 16,02 gam alalin nht X thuc loi n{o? A Tripeptit B Tetrapeptit C Hexapeptit D ipeptit Hng dn: Phng trỡnh phn ng: [Ala]n(n-1)H2O + (n-1)H2O nAla (71n+18) 89n 13,32 16,02 Ta cú (71n+18).16,02 = 13,32.89n n=6 |p |n C Cõu 2: Khi thy ph}n ho{n to{n 65 gam mt oligopeptit X thu c 22,25 gam alalin v{ 56,25 gam glyxin X thuc loi n{o? A Tripeptit B Tetrapeptit C Hexapeptit D ipeptit Hng dn: Phng trỡnh phn ng: [Ala]a[Gly]b(a+b-1) + (a+b-1)H2O aAla + bGly Theo bo to{n lng: mH2O = 22,25 + 56,25 - 65 nH2O =0,75 Vy (a+b-1)0,25= 0,75 v{ 0,75a=0,25b a=1, b=3 X l{ tetrapeptit |p |n B Cõu 3:Thy ph}n ht m gam tetrapeptit Ala-Ala-Ala-Ala mch h thu c hn hp gm: 28,48 gam Ala, 32 gam Ala-Ala, 27,72 gam Ala-Ala-Ala Gi| tr ca m l{: A 90,6 B 111,74 C 81,54 D 66,44 Hng dn: p dng nh lut bo to{n gc Ala ta cú: 4x= 28,48/89 +2 32/160 + 27,72/231 x=0,27 m=81,54 |p |n C Cõu 4: un núng m gam hn hp gm a mol tetrapeptit mch h X v{ 2a mol tripeptit mch h Y vi 600 ml dung dich NaOH 1M va Sau c|c phn ng kt thỳc, cụ cn dung dch thu c 72,48 gam mui khan ca c|c amino axit u cú mt nhúm -COOH v{ mt nhúm -NH2 ph}n t Gi| tr ca m l{: A 51,72 B 54,30 C 66,00 D 44,48 Hng dn: X + 4NaOH 4Mui + H2O a 4a a Y + 3NaOH 3Mui + H2O 2a 6a 2a Ta cú: nNaOH= 10a= 0,6 a= 0,06 mol m + 0,6.40 = 72,48 + 0,18.18 m= 51,72 gam |p |n A Cõu 5:ipeptit mch h X v{ mch h Y u c to t mt loi amino axit no, mch h cú mt nhúm NH2 v{ mt nhúm COOH t ch|y ho{n to{n 0,1 mol Y thu c sn phm gm CO2, H2O, v N2 ú tng lng CO2 v H2O bng 54,9 gam Nu t ch|y ho{n to{n 0,2 mol X, sn phm thu c cho li qua dung dch nc vụi d thỡ thu c m gam kt ta Gi| tr ca m l: A 45 B 120 C 30 D 60 Hng dn: Cụng thc ca X: [CaH2a+1O2N]2(-1)H2O v Y: [CaH2a+1O2N]3(-2)H2O PT chỏy Y: [CaH2a+1O2N]3(-2)H2O + O2 3aCO2 + (6a-1)/2H2O + 3/2N2 0,1 W: www.hoc247.net 0,3a 0,05(6a-1) F: www.facebook.com/hoc247.net T: 098 1821 807 Trang | Vng vng nn tng, Khai sỏng tng lai Ta cú: 0,3a.44 + 0,05(6a-1)18 = 54,9 a= PT chỏy X: : [C3H7O2N]2(-1)H2O + O2 6CO2 CaCO3 m=120|p |n B 0,2 1,2 1,2 Cõu 6: Tripeptit mch h X v{ Tetrapeptit mch h Y u c to t mt amino axit no,mch h cú nhúm COOH v nhúm NH2 t ch|y ho{n to{n 0,1 mol X thu c sn phm gm H2O,CO2 v N2 ú tng lng CO2 v H2O bng 36,3 gam Nu t ch|y ho{n to{n 0,2 mol Y thỡ s mol O2 cn phn ng l{: A 2,8 mol B 1,8 mol C 1,875 mol D 3,375 mol Hng dn: X,Y u sinh Amino axit cú CT CnH2n+1O2N Do vy ta cú CT gp li ca X,Y tng ng l{: C3nH6n 1O4N3(X) , C4nH8n 2O5N4(Y) Phn ng chỏy X: C3nH6n 1O4N3 + pO2 3nCO2 + (3n-0,5)H2O + N2 0,1mol 0,3n(mol) 0,3(3n-0,5)mol Ta cú phng trỡnh tng lng H2O v CO2 : 0,3[44.n + 18 (3n-0,5)] = 36.3 n = Phn ng chỏy Y: C4nH8n O5N4 + pO2 4nCO2 + (4n-1)H2O + N2 0,2mol 0,2.p 0,8n (0,8n -0,2) p dng BT nguyờn t Oxi : 0,2.5+ 0,2.2p = 0,8.2.2 +(0,8.2 -0,2) p = nO2 = 9x0,2 = 1,8mol |p |n B Cõu 7: X l{ mt Tetrapeptit cu to t Amino axit A, ph}n t A cú nhúm-NH2, nhúm -COOH ,no, mch h Trong A Oxi chim 42,67% lng Thy ph}n m gam X mụi trng acid thỡ thu c 28,35 gam tripeptit; 79,2 gam ipeptit v{ 101,25 gam A Gi| tr ca m l{: A 184,5 B 258,3 C 405,9 D 202,95 Hng dn: T % lng Oxi A ta x|c nh c A l{ Gli ( H2NCH2COOH) vi M=75 Tớnh s mol: Tripeptit l{ : 28,35: 189 = 0,15 mol ipeptit l{ : 79,2 : 132 = 0,6 mol Glyxin(A) : 101,25 : 75 = 1,35 mol p dng LBT gc Gly ta cú: 4x= 0,15.3 + 0,6.2 +1,35x=0,75 m =184,5 gam|p |n A Cõu 8: Tripeptit M v{ Tetrapeptit Q c to t mt aminoacid X mch h ( ph}n t ch cha nhúm NH2 ) Phn trm lng Nito X bng 18,667% Thy ph}n khụng ho{n to{n m gam hn hp M,Q (cú t l s mol 1:1) mụi trng Axit thu c 0,945 gam M; 4,62 gam ipeptit v{ 3,75 gam X Gi| tr ca m l{: A 4,1945 Hng dn: B 8,389 Ta cú %N = C 12,58 D 25,167 14 18,667 MX 75 X l Glyxin MX 100 Do hai peptit cú t l s mol phn ng 1:1 nờn xem hn hp M,Q l{ mt Heptapeptit cú M = 435g/mol t nM= nQ= x mol theo bo to{n gc Gly ta cú: 3x + 4x = 0,005.3 + 0,035.2 + 0,05 x= 27/1400 m= 8,389 gam |p |n B W: www.hoc247.net F: www.facebook.com/hoc247.net T: 098 1821 807 Trang | Vng vng nn tng, Khai sỏng tng lai Cõu 9: Thy ph}n ho{n to{n 143,45 gam hn hp A gm hai tetrapeptit thu c 159,74 gam hn hp X gm c|c Aminoaxit (C|c Aminoaxit ch cha 1nhúm -COOH v nhúm -NH2) Cho tũan b X t|c dng vi dung dch HCl d, sau ú cụ cn dung dch thỡ nhn c m gam mui khan Tớnh lng nc phn ng v{ gi| tr ca m ln lt l{: A 8,145 gam v 203,78 gam B 32,58 gam v 10,15 gam C 16,2 gam v 203,78 gam D 16,29 gam v 203,78 gam Hng dn: t Cụng thc chung cho hn hp A l{ [NH2-R-COOH]4(-3)H2O [NH2-R-COOH]4(-3)H2O + 3H2O + 4HCl 4NH3Cl-R-COOH p dng LBTKL nH2O = mX mA 0,905(mol) mH2O = 16,29 gam 18 4 T phn ng nHCl= n H2O = 0,905(mol ) 3 p dng BTK mMui = mX + mHCl = 159,74 + 0,905 36,5 = 203,78 gam |p |n D Bi 10: Thy ph}n ht m gam tetrapeptit Ala-Ala-Ala-Ala (mch h) thu c hn hp gm 28,48 gam Ala, 32 gam Ala-Ala v 27,72 gam Ala-Ala-Ala Gi| tr ca m l{ A 90,6 B 111,74 C 81,54 D 66,44 Hng dn: Ala-Ala-Ala-Ala + H2O Ala + Ala-Ala + Ala-Ala-Ala mol 0,32 0,2 0,12 Suy nAla-Ala-Ala-Ala = 0,32 0, 2.2 0,12.3 0, 27 m = (89.4 18.3).0,27 = 81,54 gam Cõu 11 Khi thuy phan hoan toan mot peptit mach h X (M= 346) thu c hon hp amino axit la glyxin, alanin va axit glutamic Cho 43,25 gam peptit X tac dung vi 600 ml dung dich HCl 1M thu uc dung dich Y e tac dung het vi cac chat Y dung va u dung dich cha KOH thu c dung dich Z Co can dung dich Z thu c x gam muoi Gia tri cua x gan nhat vi gia tri nao sau ay? A 118,46 gam B 118,77 gam C 119 gam D 70,675gam Hng dn: Mpeptit = 346 Peptit Glu Ala Ala - Gly Dung dch Y quy i th{nh hn hp gm Peptit X 0,125 mol v{ HCl 0,6 mol Pt Peptit + 5KOH Mui + 2H2O 0,125 0,625 0,25 HCl + KOH KCl + H2O 0,6 0,6 0,6 BTKL mmui = 43,25 + 0,6 36,5 + 1,225 56 0,85.18 = 118,45 (g) W: www.hoc247.net F: www.facebook.com/hoc247.net T: 098 1821 807 Trang | Vng vng nn tng, Khai sỏng tng lai Cõu 12 Cho m gam hn hp X gm mt peptit A v{ mt amino axit B ( MA > 4MB) c trn theo t l mol 1:1 t|c dng vi mt lng dung dch NaOH va thu c dung dch Y cha (m + 12,24) gam hn hp mui natri ca glyxin v{ alanin Dung dch Y phn ng ti a vi 360 ml dung dch HCl 2M thu c dung dch Z cha 63,72 gam hn hp mui C|c phn ng xy ho{n to{n Kt lun n{o sau }y ỳng? A A cú liờn kt peptit B B cú th{nh phn phn trm lng nit l{ 15,73% C T l s ph}n t glyxin v{ alanin ph}n t A l{ 3:2 D A cú th{nh phn trm lng nit l{ 20,29% Hng dn: Trong Y NH2-CH2-COONa (a mol) v NH2-CH(CH3)-COONa (b mol) =>nHCl = 2a + 2b = 0,72 mmui = 110,5a + 124,5b + 58,5(a+b) = 63,72 =>a = 27/175 v{ b = 36/175 => nGly nAla = Nu A l{(Gly)3(Ala)3 v{ B l{ Ala thỡ A v{ B u ỳng nờn loi Nu A l{ (Gly)2(Ala)4 v{ B l{ Gly => A ỳng Cõu 13 Tripeptit M v{ tetrapeptit Q u c to t mt amino axit X mch h, phõn t cú mt nhúm -NH2 Phn trm lng ca N X l 18,667% Thu phõn khụng hon ton m gam hn hp M, Q (t l mol 1:1) mụi trng axit thu c 0,945 gam M ; 4,62 gam ipeptit v{ 3,75 gam X Giỏ tr ca m l A 9,315 B 5,580 C 58,725 D 8,389 Hng dn: MX=140,18667=75 => X l Gly M l Gly-Gly-Gly , Q l Gly-Gly-Gly-Gly Mol X=3,75/75=0,05(mol), Mol M=0,945/189=0,005(mol) , s mol ipeptit l 4,62/132=0,035(mol) cú Mol M = Mol Q = x (mol) Bo ton gc Gly ta c 3x+4x=0,005.3+0,035.2+0,05 => x=27/1400 m= 189x+246x = 8,389 (g) Cõu 14 Cho X l hexapeptit, Ala-Gly-Ala-Val-Gly-Val v Y l tetrapeptit Gly-Ala-Gly-Glu Thy ph}n ho{n to{n m gam hn hp gm X v{ Y thu c amino axit, ú cú 30 gam glyxin v{ 28,48 gam alanin Gi| tr ca m l{ A 77,6 B 83,2 C 87,4 D 73,4 Hng dn: Gi x l{ s mol Ala-Gly-Ala-Val-Gly-Val; y l{ s mol Gly-Ala-Gly-Glu Bo to{n nguyờn t.2x+2y=30.75=0,4 v{ 2x+y=28,48.89=0,32 x=0,12 v y=0,08 m=0,12ì(75ì2+89ì2+117ì2-18ì5)+0,08ì(75ì2+89+1473ì18)=83,2 W: www.hoc247.net F: www.facebook.com/hoc247.net T: 098 1821 807 Trang | Vng vng nn tng, Khai sỏng tng lai Bi 15: Thy ph}n ho{n to{n 27,52 gam ipeptit thỡ thu c 31,12 gam hn hp X gm c|c aminoaxit (c|c aminoaxit ch cú mt nhúm amino v{ mt nhúm cacboxyl ph}n t) Nu cho lng hn hp X n{y t|c dng vi dung dch HCl d, cụ cn cn thn dung dch, thỡ lng (gam) mui khan thu c l{ A 45,72 B 58,64 C 31,12 D 42,12 Hng dn: ipeptit + H2O + 2HCl hh mui nH2O = (31,12-27,52).18 = 0,2 mol nHCl = 0,4 mol m mui = 27,52 + 0,2x18 + 0,4x36,5 = 45,72 gam Bi 16: X l{ mt tripeptit,Y l{ mt pentapeptit,u mch h Hn hp Q gm X;Y cú t l mol tng ng l{ 2.3 Thy ph}n ho{n to{n 149,7 gam hn hp Q bng H2O (xỳc t|c axit) thu c 178,5 gam hn hp c|c aminoaxit Cho 149,7 gam hn hp Q v{o dung dch cha mol KOH ;1,5 mol NaOH,un núng hn hp phn ng thy ph}n xy ho{n to{n thu c dung dch A Tng lng (gam) cht tan dung dch A cú gi| tr l A 185,2 B 199,8 C 212,3 D 256,7 Hng dn: t nX = 2a (mol) => nY = 3a( mol) X (tripeptit) + 2H2O ->Cỏc -aminoaxit 2a -> 4a Y (pentapeptit) + 4H2O -> Cỏc -aminoaxit 3a > 12a p dng nh lut bo to{n lng ta cú mH2O = lng c|c -aminoaxit lng peptit = 178,5-149,7 =28,8(gam) => nH2O =28,8/18 =1,6(mol) 4a +12a =1,6 => a =0,1(mol) 149,7 gam (X +Y) + (1mol KOH +1,5mol NaOH) -> Cht tan A + H2O Ta luụn cú nH2O = s mol peptit =(2a+3a) =5a =5.0,1 =0,5(mol) Bo to{n lng ta cú m cht tan A = m(X +Y) + mNaOH + mKOH - mH2O m cht tan A = 149,7 +1,5.40 +1.56 -0,5.18 =256,7(gam) Bi 17: X l{ mt Tetrapeptit cu to t Aminoaxit A,trong ph}n t A cú 1(-NH2) + 1(-COOH), no, mch h.Trong A Oxi chim 42,67% lng Thy ph}n m gam X mụi trng acid thỡ thu c 28,35(g) trpeptit; 79,2(g) ipeptit v{ 101,25(g) A Gi| tr ca m l{ A 184,5 B 258,3 C 405,9 D 202,95 Hng dn: T % lng Oxi A ta x|c nh c A l{ Gli ( H2NCH2COOH) vi M=75 Cụng thc ca Tetrapeptit l{ H[NHCH2CO]4OH vi M= 75x4 3x18 = 246g/mol Tớnh s mol Tripeptit l{ 28,35 189 = 0,15(mol) ipeptit l{ 79,2 132 = 0,6 (mol) Glyxin(A) 101,25 75 = 1,35(mol) Gii gn nh sau t mt xớch NHCH2CO = X W: www.hoc247.net F: www.facebook.com/hoc247.net T: 098 1821 807 Trang | Vng vng nn tng, Khai sỏng tng lai Ghi s phn ng (X)4 (X)3 + X ; (X)4 (X)2 v (X)4 4X T s trờn ta tớnh c S mol X phn ng l{ (0,15+0,3+0,3)=0,75mol m = 184,5 Bi 18: un núng 45,54 gam hn hp E gm hexapeptit X v{ tetrapeptit Y cn dựng 580 ml dung dch NaOH 1M ch thu c dung dch cha mui natri ca glyxin v{ valin Mt kh|c, t ch|y cựng lng E nh trờn bng mt lng O2 va thu c hn hp Y gm CO2; H2O v N2 Dn to{n b Y qua bỡnh ng dung dch Ba(OH)2 d, thy lng bỡnh tng 115,18 gam Phn trm lng ca X E gn vi gi| tr n{o nht sau }y? A 68,25 B 74,7 C 61,8 D 42,69 Hng dn: Gi X l{ P6 x mol v Y l P4 cú y mol v Glyxin a mol v Valin b mol P6 + 6NaOH Mui + H2O x P4 + 4NaOH mui + H2O y Ta cú h 6x 5y 0.58 97a 139b 18x 18y 45.54 0.58*40 t ch|y E cng nh t ch|y Alanin v{ valin (2a+5b)44+(2.5a+5,5b-5x-3b)18=115,18 Bo to{n Na a+ b = 0,58 Gii h n x = 0,07; y = 0,04; a= 0,33; b = 0,25 X l 0,07 mol X ( glyaVal6-a) v 0,04 mol Y ( Glyb-Val4-b) 0,07.a + 0,04 B = s mol Gly = 0,33 a=b=3 Võy X l Gly3-Val3 %X =0,07 ( 3.75+ 3.117-5.18)/14,45=74,85% Cõu 19 X v Y ln lt l c|c tripeptit v{ tetrapeptit c to thnh t cựng mt amino axit no mch h, cú mt nhúm -COOH v mt nhúm -NH2 t ch|y ho{n to{n 0,1 mol Y thu c sn phm gm CO2, H2O, N2, ú tng lng ca CO2 v H2O l 47,8 gam S (mol) oxi cn dựng t chỏy hon ton 0,3 mol X l A 3,375 B 1,875 C 2,025 D 2,8 Hng dn: Y la tetrapeptit t chỏy 0,1 mol Y to 0,2 mol N2 Cú 0,1 mol Y c to t 0,2 mol amino acid A no mch h 0,1 mol Y + 0,3 mol H2O 0,4 mol A 0,4 mol A + O2 CO2 , H2O , N2 mCO2 m H 2O 47,8 0,318 Cú n H 2O nCO2 W: www.hoc247.net nCO 0,8 nA 0,2(mol) 2 n H 2O F: www.facebook.com/hoc247.net T: 098 1821 807 Trang | Vng vng nn tng, Khai sỏng tng lai t ch|y 0,1 mol A c 0,2 mol CO2 v 0,25 mol H2O Cú 0,3 mol X + 0,6 mol H2O 0,9 mol A nCO 0,2.9 1,8(mol) t ch|y 0,3 mol X c nH 2O 0,25.9 0,6 1,65(mol ) nO X = = 1,2 mol nO2 (2.1,8 1,65 1,2) : 2,025 Cõu 20: Thy ph}n ho{n to{n m gam pentapeptit mch h M , thu c hn hp X gm - amino axit X1, X2 (u no, mch h, ph}n t cú mt nhúm NH2 v{ mt nhúm COOH).t ch|y ho{n to{n hn hp X trờn cn dựng va 2,268 lớt O2(kc), ch thu c H2O, N2 v 1,792 lớt CO2(kc) Gớa tr ca m l{ A 2,295 B 1,935 C 2,806 D 1,806 Hng dn: -Hai a oaxit : Cn H 2n1 NO2 x mol -Sn phm ch|y CO2 n x( mol) H2O.( N2 2n ).x mol x mol -Ta cú n.x=0,08 (1) Theo PP bo to{n nguyờn t oxi 2.x + 0,10125.2= n.x.2+ ( 2n ).x.2 (2) T (1) v{ (2) n = 3,2; x=0,025 mol aminoaxit l C3,2H7,4NO2 0,025 mol s mol pentapeptit X l{ 0,005 mol lng pentapeptit X= 0,005.(91,8.5-4.18)=0,005.387=1,935 gam Cõu 21: Tripeptit X v{ tetrapeptit Y u mch h Khi thy phõn hon ton hn hp gm X v Y ch to mt amino axit nht cú cụng thc H2NCnH2nCOOH t ch|y 0,05 mol Y oxi d, thu c N2 v 36,3 gam hn hp gm CO2, H2O t chỏy 0,01 mol X oxi d, cho sn phm chỏy vo dung dch Ba(OH)2 d, thu c m gam kt ta Bit cỏc phn ng u xy hon ton Giỏ tr ca m l A 29,55 gam B 17,73 gam C 23,64 gam D 11,82 gam Hng dn: Y4 0,05 + H2O 0,05 2Y2 (CnH2nO3N2) 0,1 nCO2 + nH2O 0,1n 0,1n Ta cú 6,2n (0,05 x 18) = 36,3 n = 2X3 + H2O 0,01 3X2 (C6H12O3N2) 6CO2 6BaCO3 0,015 0,09 mBaCO3 = 17,73 g W: www.hoc247.net F: www.facebook.com/hoc247.net T: 098 1821 807 Trang | Vng vng nn tng, Khai sỏng tng lai Cõu 22: Hn hp M cú peptit A mch h cú cụng thc CxHyN5O6 v hp cht B cú cụng thc C4H9NO2 Ly 0,06 mol M tỏc dng vi va dung dch cha 0,14 mol KOH ch thu c sn phm gm ancol etylic; a mol mui ca glyxin v b mol mui ca alanin Mt kh|c t chỏy hon ton 26,85g hn hp M bng lng oxi va ri cho ton b sn phm chỏy (CO2;H2O;N2) vo bỡnh ng dung dch nc vụi d thỡ thy thoỏt mt cht khớ nht ng thi lng bỡnh tng thờm 61,55g Bit rng N2 khụng tan nc T l a b bng A B C D Hng dn: A + 5KOH -> Mui + H2O B + KOH -> Mui + C2H5OH => nA + nB = 0,06 v 5nA + nB = 0,14 => nA = 0,02 ; nB = 0,04 => nA nB = A cú dng H-(Ala)n(Gly)5-n-OH ,mM = 0,02.(1 + 71n + 57(5 n) + 17) + 0,04.103 = 10,18 + 0,28n (g) ,mCO2 + mH2O = 0,02.(3n + 2(5 n) ).44 + 0,04.4.44 + (1 + 5n + 3(5 n) + 1).0,02.18.0,5 + 0,04.4,5.18 = 1,24 + 22,14 10,18 0, 28n 1, 24n 22,14 n2 26,85 61,55 a n Gly b n Ala 2 Bi 23: Thy ph}n tetrapeptit Gly-Gly-Ala-Ala mụi trng axit sau phn ng thu c hn hp c|c tripeptit, ipeptit v{ c|c -amino axit Ly 0,1 mol mt tripeptit X hn hp sau thy ph}n em t ch|y thu c tng lng CO2 v H2O l{ m gam Mt kh|c, thy ph}n ho{n to{n 62,93 gam X dung dch NaOH lo~ng, d sau phn ng thu c 92,51 gam hn hp mui Gi| tr ca m l{ A 48,7 B 21,7 C 20,3 D 42,5 Hng dn: Tripeptit X ch cú th l GGA (M = 203) hoc GAA (M = 217) Phn ng tng quỏt P3 + 3NaOH Mui + H2O (vi H O P Bo ton lng Th vi giỏ tr mol ca GGA ( mol) v ca GAA ( ca GAA phự hp X l{ GAA (C8H15O4N3) Phn ng t chỏy C8H15O4N3 8CO2 + 0,1 0,8 0,75 (mol) ) mol) thy s mol H2O m = 44*0,8 + 18*0,75 = 48,7 gam Cõu 24: X l{ peptit cú dng CxHyOzN6; Y l{ peptit cú dng CnHmO6Nt (X, Y u c to bi c|c amino axit no cha nhúm NH2 v nhúm COOH) un núng 32,76 gam hn hp E cha X, Y cn dựng 480 ml dung dch NaOH 1M Mt kh|c, t ch|y 32,76 gam E thu c sn phm ch|y gm CO 2, H2O v N2 Dn to{n b sn phm ch|y v{o nc vụi ly d thu c 123,0 gam kt ta; ng thi lng dung dch sau phn ng thay i a gam so vi dung dch nc vụi ban u Gi| tr ca a l{ W: www.hoc247.net F: www.facebook.com/hoc247.net T: 098 1821 807 Trang | Vng vng nn tng, Khai sỏng tng lai A 44,04 B 46,74 C 49,44 D 73,56 Hng dn: C2 H3 NO : 0, 48mol Coi 32,76 gam hn hp peptit gm CH : x mol + O2 CO2 1,23 mol H O : y mol Bo to{n nguyờn t C 0,48.2 + x =1,23 x = 0,27 mol Bo to{n lng mH2O = 32,76 - 0,48 57 - 0,27 14 = 1,62 gam ( 0,09 mol) Bo to{n nguyờn t H n H2O 0, 48.3 0, 27.2 0, 09.2 1, 08mol Cú mdd gim = mCaCO3 - mCO2 - mH2O = 123- 1,23 44- 1,08 18 = 49,44 Cõu 25: X l{ ipeptit Ala-Glu, Y l tripeptit Ala-Ala-Gly un núng m (gam) hn hp cha X v Y cú t l s mol ca X v{ Y tng ng l 1.2 vi dung dch NaOH va Phn ng ho{n to{n thu c dung dch T Cụ cn cn thn dung dch T thu c 56,4 gam cht rn khan Giỏ tr ca m l A 45,6 B 40,27 C 39,12 D 38,68 Hng dn : Glu cú hai nhúm COOH phõn t A Glu: a Ta cú A A Gly : 2a Thuỷ y phaõ n(BTKL ) m 5a.18 9a.40 56,4 9a.18 H 2O NaOH H2O a 0,06 m 39,12 Chn C RCOONa 218a 217.2a m Cõu 26: Cho 0,35 mol hn hp T gm hai peptit mch h l X (x mol) v Y (y mol), u to bi glyxin v{ alanin un núng 0,35 mol T lng d dung dch NaOH thỡ cú 1,9 mol NaOH phn ng v{ thu c dung dch cha m gam mui Mt khỏc, nu t chỏy hon ton x mol X hoc y mol Y thỡ u thu c cựng s mol CO2 Bit tng s nguyờn t oxi hai phõn t X v Y l 13, X v Y u cú s liờn kt peptit khụng nh hn Gi| tr ca m l A 198,3 B 170,4 C 294,4 D 396,6 Hng dn : Bit tng s nguyờn t oxi hai phõn t X v{ Y l{ 13, X v{ Y u cú s liờn kt peptit khụng nh hn => X l{ pentapeptit v{ Y l{ hexapeptit ( X ) xmol x y 0,35 x 0,2 x y 1,9 y 0,15 (Y ) ymol (X)5 nCO2 v (Y)6 mCO2 => 0,4n = 0,3m => n 12 m 16 => (X)5 =(gly-gly-gly-ala-ala) v (Y)6 = (gly-gly-ala-ala-ala-ala) p dng LBT lng 0,2.(75.3+2.89-4.18)+0,15(2.75+4.89-5.18)+1.9.40=m+0,35.18 => m = 198,3 gam W: www.hoc247.net F: www.facebook.com/hoc247.net T: 098 1821 807 Trang | 10 Vng vng nn tng, Khai sỏng tng lai Cõu 27: Cho m gam hn hp M gm ipeptit X, tripeptit Y, tetrapeptit Z v pentapeptit T (u mch h) tỏc dng vi dung dch NaOH va , thu c hn hp Q gm mui ca Gly, Ala v Val t chỏy hon ton Q bng mt lng oxi va , thu ly ton b khớ v hi em hp th vo bỡnh ng nc vụi d, thy lng bỡnh tng 13,23 gam v cú 0,84 lớt khớ (ktc) thoỏt Mt khỏc, t chỏy hon ton m gam M, thu c 4,095 gam H2O Giỏ tr ca m gn nht vi giỏ tr no sau }y? A 6,0 B 6,5 C 7,0 D 7,5 Hng dn: C2 H3 NO : 0, 075mol CH : x H O : y mol N : 0, 0375mol C2 H NO2 Na : 0, 075 O2 Q mCO2 m H2O 13, 23 x 0, 09 CH : x NaOH O2 H O[0,1125 x y 0, 2275 y 0, 025] m = 0,075.57 + 0,09.14 + 0,025.18 = 5,985 gam Cõu 28: Hn hp M gm hai peptit X v Y, chỳng cu to t mt amino axit v cú tng s nhúm -CONH- phõn t l vi t l mol nX: nY=1:2 Thy phõn hon ton m gam M thu c 12 gam glixin v 5,34gam alanin Giỏ tr ca m: A 16,46 B 15,56 C 14,36 D 14,46 Hng dn: nGlyxin nGlyxin 12 5,34 (1) 0,16mol; nAlanin 0, 06mol nAlanin 75 89 Gi cụng thc cu to X l Glya Alab v cụng thc cu to Y l Glyc Alad (a b) (c d ) Ta cú : nX (2) nY T (1) v (2), ta cú : a.nX c.2nX a 2c 3a 6c 8b 16d b.nX d.2nX b 2d 3(7 b d ) 3c 8b 16d 21 3c 11b 19d Ta cú 11b 19d 30 21 3c 30 M{ c (vỡ tng s amino axit to nờn peptit l 7) nờn c Khi ú 11b 19d 30 , v suy b d a Cụng thc cu to ca X l : Gly2 Ala Cụng thc cu to ca Y l: Gly3 Ala Ta cú : a.nX c.2nX nGly 0,16 0,16 2nX 3.2nX 0,16 2nX 3, 2nX nX 0,02mol nY 0,04mol m 0,02.(2.75 89 2.18) 0,04.(3.75 89 2.18) 14.46( gam) Vy : m 14, 46 gam W: www.hoc247.net F: www.facebook.com/hoc247.net T: 098 1821 807 Trang | 11 Vng vng nn tng, Khai sỏng tng lai Cõu 29: Hn hp E cha ba peptit u mch h gm peptit X (C4H8O3N2), peptit Y (C7HxOyNz) v peptit Z (C11HnOmNt) un núng 28,42 gam E vi dung dch NaOH va , thu c hn hp T gm mui ca glyxin, alanin v{ valin t ch|y to{n b T cn dựng 1,155 mol O2, thu c CO2, H2O, N2 v 23,32 gam Na2CO3 Phn trm lng ca X hn hp E l{ A 4,64% B 6,97% C 9,29% D 13,93% Hng dn: BT:Na - Ta cú n AlaNa, GlyNa, ValNa 2n Na 2CO3 0, 44 mà n Ala, Gly,Val (1,5n CO n O ) n CO 0,99 - Quy i hn hp E th{nh C2H3ON, CH2 v H2O thỡ : 57nC2 H 3ON 14nCH 18nH 2O 28, 42 nC2 H 3ON 0, 44 nGly , Ala,Val BT :C 2nC2 H 3ON nCH nCO2 0,99 nCH 3nVal n Ala 0,11 nmat xich 4, n X nY nZ 2, 25n C2 H 3ON 1,5nCH nO2 1,155 nH 2O n X nY nZ 0,1 Trong E cú cha peptit cú s mc xớch ln 4,4 (5, hoc 7) Vy Z l pentapeptit (Gly)4Ala, X l ipeptit (Gly)2 v Y l{ ipeptit AlaVal (khụng th l{ tripeptit (Gly)2Ala vỡ ú thy ph}n hn hp E s khụng thu c mui ca Val) BT:C 4n X 7n Y 11n Z n CO2 0,99 n X 0, 01 0, 01.132 n Y 0, 01 %m X 100 4, 64 Ta cú : 2n X 2n Y 5n Z 2n NaOH 0, 44 28, 42 132n 174n 317n 28, 42 n 0, 08 X Y Z Z Cõu 30: Hn hp X gm tripeptit A v tetrapeptit B u c cu to bi glyxin v alanin Thnh phn phn trm lng nit A v{ B theo th t l 19,36% v 19,44% Thu phõn 0,1 mol hn hp X bng lng dung dch NaOH va , thu c dung dch Y Cụ cn dung dch Y thu c 36,34 gam hn hp mui T l mol A v B hn hp X l : A : B : C : D : Hng dn : - MA 3M N 3.14 217 , vy peptit A l Gly(Ala)2 %N 0,1936 - MB 4M N 4.14 288 , vy peptit B l Gly(Ala)3 %N 0,1944 - Khi cho 0,1 mol X t|c dng vi NaOH thỡ : n A nB n X n A nB 0,1 0, 06 n A 97(n A nB ) 111(2n Ala 3n Ala ) 36,34 nB 0, 04 97nGlyNa 111n AlaNa mmuoi Cõu 31: X l{ mt peptit cú 16 mt xớch c to t c|c -amino axit cựng d~y ng ng vi glyxin t ch|y m gam X cn dựng 45,696 lớt O2 Nu cho m gam X t|c dng vi lng va dung dch NaOH ri cụ cn cn thn thỡ thu c hn hp rn Y t ch|y Y bỡnh cha 12,5 mol khụng khớ, to{n b khớ sau phn ng ch|y c ngng t hi nc thỡ cũn li 271,936 lớt hn hp khớ Z Bit c|c phn ng xy ho{n to{n, c|c khớ o ktc, khụng khớ cú 1/5 th tớch O2 cũn li l{ N2 Gi| tr gn nht ca m l{ : A 46 gam W: www.hoc247.net B 41 gam F: www.facebook.com/hoc247.net C 43 gam T: 098 1821 807 D 38 gam Trang | 12 Vng vng nn tng, Khai sỏng tng lai Hng dn : - Ta cú: nO2 (Y) nO2 (X) 2,04 mol nO2 ( du ) nO2 ( kk ) nO2 (Y) 0, 46 mol 2,5 2,04 - Xột qu| trỡnh t hn hp Y a mol an mol an mol (0,5a 10) mol 0,46 mol 2,5 mol 10 mol Cn H 2n O2 NNa O2 ; N Na2CO3 CO2 , H 2O , Y khong 0,5a mol N2 an mol (0,5a 10) mol 0,46 mol ngung tu , O2(d-) CO2 , hon hop va hoi N2 , O2(d-) (hon hop Z) 12,14mol n nN2 nO2 (dư ) 12,14 an 1,68 an 1,68 CO2 + Ta cú: BT:O 1,5a 3an 4.08 a 0,64 2nY 2nO2 3nNa2CO3 2nCO2 nH 2O + Khi cho m gam X + NaOH ta cú: mY a.(14n 69) 67,68(g) v a BT:Na nH 2O nX 0,08 mol nNaOH nCnH2nO2NNa 0,64 mol so mat xich BTKL mX mY 18n H2O 40n NaOH 42,8(gam) Cõu 32: Hn hp X gm peptit mch h A,B,C (mi peptit c cu to t mt loi -aminoaxit, tng s nhúm CO-NH- phõn t A,B,C l 9) vi t l s mol nA : nB : nC = : : Bit s liờn kt peptit mi phõn t A,B,C u ln hn Khi thy ph}n ho{n to{n m gam X thu c 33,75 gam glyxin, 106,8 gam alanin v 263,25 gam valin Giỏ tr ca m l: A 394,8 B 384,9 C 348,9 D 349,8 Hng dn: Phng phỏp: Bi ton thy phõn peptit (*)Thy phõn H2O ( H+ , OH- ) a - aa ban u Ax + (x 1) H2O x A S pt H2O = s lk peptit BTKL : mpeptit + mH2O = maa ban u Li gii: B1: Xỏc nh CT cỏc peptit A, B, C nA : nB : nC = : : = 2t : t : 3t Gi s mt xớch A, B, C ln lt l a, b, c => a + b + c = + = 12 Cú : nGly = 0,45 mol ; nAla = 1,2 mol ; nVal = 2,25 mol => nGly : nAla : nVal = 0,45 : 1,2 : 2,25 = : : 15 = (3.t) : (4.2t) : (5.3t) => A l (Gly)4 (0,3 mol) ; B l (Ala)3 (0,15 mol) ; C l (Val)5 (0,45 mol) B2: X|c nh m Tng quỏt : (A)n + (n 1) -> nA => mX = mGly + mAla + mVal mH2O = 33,75 + 106,8 + 263,25 18.(0,3.3 + 0,15.2 + 0,45.4) = 349,8g W: www.hoc247.net F: www.facebook.com/hoc247.net T: 098 1821 807 Trang | 13 Vng vng nn tng, Khai sỏng tng lai Cõu 33: Hn hp E cha peptit X mch h (to bi gly v ala) v este (thun chc) mch h (to bi etylenglicol v mt axit n chc, khụng no cha mt liờn kt C=C) un núng m gam hn hp E vi dung dch NaOH va thu c 25,32 gam hn hp mui F Ly ton b F em t chỏy thu c Na2CO3, N2, 30,8 gam CO2, 10,44 gam H2O Bit s mt xớch ca X nh hn Gi| tr ca m gn nht vi giỏ tr n{o sau }y A 18 B 21 C 19 D 20 Hng dn: Na 2CO3 , N X : peptit NaOH O2 ,t m g E : 25,32g.muoi.F CO2 : 0, Este H O : 0,58 B1: Xỏc nh cụng thc v s mol ca cỏc mui F Mui gm mui peptit CmH2mO2NNa: a mol; mui axit hu c; CnH2n-4O2Na: b mol Khi t chỏy F thỡ: Cm H2mO2 NNa O2 0,5 Na CO3 m 0,5 CO2 mH2O 0,5N2 Cn H2n 3O2 Na O2 0,5 Na CO3 n 0,5 CO2 n 1,5 H2O Cú: a 14m 69 b 14n 52 25,32g Bo ton C: n CO2 a m 0,5 b n 0,5 0,7mol Bo ton H: n H2O a.m b n 1,5 0,58mol a 0,08;b 0,16mo ;am bn 0,82mol Vi m 2;n m 2, 25;n Mui amino axit gm: x mol Gly-Na v y mol Ala-Na x y 0,08mol; n C 2x 3y 0,08.2, 25 0,18mol x 0,06; y 0,02 B2: Xỏc nh s mol cỏc cht v CT cỏc cht E => m n Gly : n Ala 0,06 : 0,02 3:1 3n : n Vỡ s mt xớch < => n = => X l (Gly)3Ala: 0,02 mol Li cú: este l C : (C4H5O2)2C2H4 : 0,08 mol => m = 21,04 gam W: www.hoc247.net F: www.facebook.com/hoc247.net T: 098 1821 807 Trang | 14 Vng vng nn tng, Khai sỏng tng lai MT S BI TP T LUYN V PEPTIT PROTEIN Cõu 1: Thy ph}n ho{n to{n 60(g) hn hp hai ipeptit thu c 63,6(g) hn hp X gm c|c Aminoaxit no mch h (H2NRCOOOH) Nu ly 1/10 hn hp X t|c dng vi dung dch HCl d thu c m(g) mui Gi| tr ca m l{? A 7,82 B 8,72 C 7,09 D.16,3 Cõu 2: X l{ mt Hexapeptit cu to t mt Aminoacid H2N-CnH2n-COOH(Y) Y cú tng % lng Oxi v{ Nito l{ 61,33% Thy ph}n ht m(g) X mụi trng acid thu c 30,3(g) pentapeptit, 19,8(g) ieptit v{ 37,5(g) Y Gi| tr ca m l{? A 69 gam B 84 gam C 100 gam D.78 gam Cõu 3: X l{ mt tetrapeptit cu to t mt amino axit (A) no, mch h cú nhúm COOH ; nhúm NH2 Trong A %N = 15,73% (v lng) Thy ph}n m gam X mụi trng axit thu c 41,58 gam tripeptit ; 25,6 gam ipeptit v{ 92,56 gam A Gi| tr ca m l{ : A 149 gam B 161 gam C 143,45 gam D 159 gam Cõu 4: X l tetrapeptit Ala-Gly-Val-Ala, Y l tripeptit Val-Gly-Val un núng m gam hn hp X v{ Y cú t l s mol nX : nY = : vi 780 ml dung dch NaOH 1M (va ), sau phn ng kt thỳc thu c dung dch Z Cụ cn dung dch thu c 94,98 gam mui m cú gi| tr l{ A 68,1 gam B 64,86 gam C 77,04 gam D 65,13 gam Cõu 5: X v{ Y ln lt l{ c|c tripeptit v{ tetrapeptit c to th{nh t cựng mt amino axit no mch h, cú mt nhúm COOH v{ mt nhúm NH2 t ch|y ho{n to{n 0,1 mol Y thu c sn phm gm CO2, H2O, N2, ú tng lng ca CO2 v H2O l{ 47,8 gam Nu t ch|y ho{n to{n 0,3 mol X cn bao nhiờu mol O2 ? A 2,8 mol B 2,025 mol C 3,375 mol D 1,875 mol Cõu 6: Thy ph}n 14(g) mt Polipeptit(X) vi hiu sut t 80%,thi thu c 14,04(g) mt aminoaxit (Y) X|c nh Cụng thc cu to ca Y? A H2N(CH2)2COOH B H2NCH(CH3)COOH C H2NCH2COOH D H2NCH(C2H5)COOH Cõu 7: un núng alanin thu c mt s peptit ú cú peptit A cú phn trm lng nit l{ 18,54% Khi lng ph}n t ca A l{ : A 231 B 160 C 373 D 302 Cõu 8: Khi thy ph}n ho{n to{n 55,95 gam mt peptit X thu c 66,75 gam alanin (amino axit nht) X l : A tripeptit B tetrapeptit C pentapeptit D ipeptit Cõu 9: Khi thy ph}n ho{n to{n 65 gam mt peptit X thu c 22,25 gam alanin v{ 56,25 gam glyxin X l : A tripeptthu c B tetrapeptit C pentapeptit D ipeptit Cõu 10: Thu ph}n ho{n to{n 500 gam mt oligopeptit X (cha t n 10 gc -amino axit) thu c 178 gam amino axit Y v{ 412 gam amino axit Z Bit ph}n t ca Y l{ 89 Ph}n t ca Z l{ : A 103 W: www.hoc247.net B 75 F: www.facebook.com/hoc247.net C 117 T: 098 1821 807 D 147 Trang | 15 Vng vng nn tng, Khai sỏng tng lai Cõu 11: Tripeptit X cú cụng thc sau : H2NCH2CONHCH(CH3)CONHCH(CH3)COOH Thy ph}n ho{n to{n 0,1 mol X 400 ml dung dch NaOH 1M Khi lng cht rn thu c cụ cn dung dch sau phn ng l{ : A 28,6 gam B 22,2 gam C 35,9 gam D 31,9 gam Cõu 12: Protein A cú lng ph}n t l{ 50000 vC Thu ph}n 100 gam A thu c 33,998 gam alanin S mt xớch alanin ph}n t A l{ : A 191 B 212 C 123 D 224 Cõu 13: Thy ph}n 1250 gam protein X thu c 425 gam alanin Nu ph}n t ca X bng 100000 vC thỡ s mt xớch alanin cú X l{ : A 453 B 382 C 328 D 479 Cõu 14: Thu ph}n ho{n to{n mol pentapeptit z thỡ thu c mol glyxin; mol alanin v{ 1mol valin Khi thu ph}n khụng ho{n to{n A thỡ hn hp sn phm thy cú c|c ipeptit Ala-Gly; Gly-Ala v tripeptit Gly-Gly-Val Amino axit u N, amino axit u C pentapeptit A ln lt l{ : A Gly, Val B Ala, Val C Gly, Gly D Ala, Gly Cõu 15: Thu ph}n khụng ho{n to{n tetrapeptit (X), ngo{i c|c a-amino axit cũn thu c c|c ipetit: Gly-Ala ; Phe-Val ; Ala-Phe Cu to n{o sau }y l{ ỳng ca X ? A Val-Phe-Gly-Ala B Ala-Val-Phe-Gly C Gly-Ala-Val-Phe D Gly-Ala-Phe-Val Cõu 16: Thy ph}n ho{n to{n mol pentapeptit X, thu c mol glyxin (Gly), mol alanin (Ala), mol valin (Val) v{ mol phenylalanin (Phe) Thy ph}n khụng ho{n to{n X thu c ipeptit Val-Phe v tripeptit Gly-Ala-Val nhng khụng thu c ipeptit Gly-Gly ht X cú cụng thc l A Gly-Phe-Gly-Ala-Val B Gly-Ala-Val-Val-Phe C Gly-Ala-Val-Phe-Gly D Val-Phe-Gly-Ala-Gly Cõu 17: Cụng thc n{o sau }y ca pentapeptit (A) tha iu kin sau: Thy ph}n ho{n to{n mol A thỡ thu c c|c - amino axit l: mol glyxin, mol alanin, mol valin Thy ph}n khụng ho{n to{n A, ngo{i thu c c|c amino axit thỡ cũn thu c ipeptit : Ala-Gly ; Gly-Ala v tripeptit Gly-Gly-Val A Ala-Gly-Gly-Gly-Val B Gly- Gly-Ala-Gly-Val C Gly-Ala-Gly-Gly-Val D Gly-Ala-Gly-Val-Gly Cõu 18: Thy ph}n ho{n to{n m gam hn hp X gm 2a mol tripeptit mch h X v{ a mol tetrapeptit mch h Y (bit rng X, Y u c to th{nh t c|c -amino axit cú cựng nhúm NH2 v nhúm COOH) cn va 560 gam dung dch KOH 7% Sau phn ng thu c dung dch cha 104,6 gam mui Gi| tr m l{: A 69,18 gam B 67,2 gam C 82,0 gam D 76,2 gam Cõu 19: Cho X l{ ipeptit mch h Gly-Ala; Y l{ tripeptit mch h Ala-Ala-Gly un núng 36,3 gam hn hp gm hai peptit X v{ Y (t l mol 1:1) vi lng dung dch NaOH va Sau phn ng thu c dung dch cha m gam mui khan Gi| tr ca m l{: A 43,6 gam W: www.hoc247.net B 52,7 gam C 40,7 gam F: www.facebook.com/hoc247.net D 41,1 T: 098 1821 807 Trang | 16 Vng vng nn tng, Khai sỏng tng lai Cõu 20 un núng 0,16 mol hn hp E gm hai peptit X (CxHyOzN6) v Y (CnHmO6Nt) cn dựng 600 ml dung dch NaOH 1,5M ch thu c dung dch cha a mol mui ca glyxin v{ b mol mui ca alanin Mt kh|c t ch|y 30,73 gam E O2 va thu c hn hp CO2, H2O v N2, ú tng lng ca CO2 v{ nc l{ 69,31 gam Gi| tr a : b gn nht vi A 0,730 B 0,810 C 0,756 D 0,962 Cõu 21:Thy ph}n ho{n to{n m gam hn hp gm peptit X v{ peptit Y bng dung dch NaOH thu c 151,2 gam hn hp gm c|c mui natri ca Gly, Ala v{ Val.Mt kh|c, t ch|y ho{n to{n m gam hn hp X,Y trờn cn 107,52 lớt khớ O2 (ktc) v{ thu c 64,8 gam H2O Gi| tr ca m l{ A 102,4 B 97,0 C 92,5 D 107,8 Cõu 22: Hn hp X gm ba peptit u mch h cú t l mol tng ng l{ : : Thy ph}n ho{n to{n m gam X, thu c hn hp sn phm gm 14,24 gam alanin v{ 8,19 gam valin Bit tng s liờn kt peptit ph}n t ca ba peptit X nh hn 13 Gi| tr ca m l{ A 18,83 B 18,29 C 19,19 D 18,47 Cõu 23: Hn hp M gm peptit X v{ peptit Y chỳng cu to t cựng mt loi -amino axit v{ cú tng s nhúm-CO-NH- hai ph}n t l{ 5, t l s mol X : s mol Y = 1: Thy ph}n ho{n to{n m gam M thu c 12 gam glyxin v{ 5,34 gam alanin Gi| tr ca m v{ loi peptit ca X l{ A 14,61v tripeptit B 14,61 v tetrapeptit C 14,46 v tripeptit D 14,46 v tetrapeptit Cõu 24: Cho hn hp A cha hai peptit X v{ Y to bi c|c amino acid no mch h, ph}n t cha nhúm -COOH, nhúm -NH2,bit rng tng s nguyờn t O ph}n t X, Y l{ 13 Trong X hoc Y u cú s liờn kt peptit khụng nh hn un núng 0,7 mol A KOH thỡ thy 3,9 mol KOH phn ng v{ thu c m gam mui Mt kh|c t ch|yho{n to{n 66,075 gam A ri cho sn phm hp th v{o bỡnh cha Ca(OH)2 d thy lng bỡnh tng 147,825 gam Gi| tr ca m l A 490,6 B 560,1 C 470,1 D 520,2 Cõu 25: Hn hp M gm peptit X v{ peptit Y(chỳng cu to t loi amino axit) tng s nhúm peptit ph}n t l{ vi t l s mol :nX :nY=1:3 Khi thu ph}n ho{n to{n m (g) hn hp M thu c 81 g Glixin v{ 42,72g alanin m cú gi| tr l{? A 104,28 g B 109,25g C 102,28 g D 110,26 g Cõu 26: Hn hp X gm tripeptit A v{ tetrapeptit B u c cu to bi glyxin v{ alanin Th{nh phn phn trm lng nit A v{ B theo th t l{ 19,36% v{ 19,44% Thy ph}n hon 0,1 mol hn hp X bng mt lng dung dch NaOH va , thu c dung dch Y Cụ cn dung dch Y thu c 36,34 gam hn hp mui T l mol gia A v{ B hn hp X l{ A 2:3 B 3:7 C 3:2 D 7:3 Cõu 27: Thu ph}n ho{n to{n m gam mt pentapeptit mch h M thu c hn hp gm hai amino axit X1, X2 (u no, mch h, ph}n t cha mt nhúm -NH2 v{ mt nhúm -COOH) t ch|y to{n b lng X1, X2 trờn cn dựng va 0,255 mol O2, ch thu c N2, H2O v 0,22 mol CO2 Gi| tr ca m l A 6,34 B 7,78 C 8,62 D 7,18 Cõu 28: Cho 9,3 gam cht X cú cụng thc ph}n t C3H12N2O3 un núng vi lớt dung dch KOH 0,1M Sau phn ng ho{n to{n thu c mt cht khớ l{m qu tớm m i th{nh xanh v{ dung dch Y ch cha cht vụ c Cụ cn dung dch Y thu c lng cht rn khan l{ A 10,375 gam W: www.hoc247.net B 9,950 gam C 13,150 gam F: www.facebook.com/hoc247.net D 10,350 gam T: 098 1821 807 Trang | 17 Vng vng nn tng, Khai sỏng tng lai Cõu 29: X v{ Y ln lt l{ tripeptit v{ hexapeptit c to th{nh t cựng mt aminoaxit no mch h, cú mt nhúm -COOH v{ mt nhúm -NH2 t ch|y ho{n to{n 0,1 mol X bng O2 va thu c sn phm gm CO2, H2O v N2 cú tng lng l{ 40,5 gam Nu cho 0,15 mol Y t|c dng ho{n to{n vi dung dch NaOH (ly d 20% so vi lng cn thit), sau phn ng cụ cn dung dch thu c lng cht rn khan l A 98,9 gam B 94,5 gam C 87,3 gam D 107,1 gam Cõu 30: Thy ph}n ht mt lng pentapeptit T thu c 32,88 gam Ala-Gly-Ala-Gly; 10,85 gam Ala-Gly-Ala; 16,24 gam Ala-Gly-Gly; 26,28 gam Ala-Gly; 8,9 gam Alanin; cũn li l{ Glyxin v Gly-Gly vi t l mol tng ng l{ 1:10 Tng lng Gly-Gly v{ Glyxin hn hp sn phm l{ A 27,9 gam B 29,70 gam C 34,875 gam D 28,80 gam Cõu 31: Thy ph}n ho{n to{n 143,45 gam hn hp A gm hai tetrapeptit thu c 159,74 gam hn hp X gm c|c Aminoaxit (C|c Aminoaxit ch cha 1nhúm -COOH v nhúm -NH2 ) Cho tũan b X t|c dng vi dung dch HCl d,sau ú cụ cn dung dch thỡ nhn c m(gam) mui khan Tớnh lng nc phn ng v{ gi| tr ca m ln lt bng? A 8,145(g) v 203,78(g) B 32,58(g) v 10,15(g) C 16,2(g) v 203,78(g) D 16,29(g) v 203,78(g) Cõu 32: Tripeptit M v{ Tetrapeptit Q c to t mt aminoaxit X mch h ( ph}n t ch cha nhúm NH2 ) Phn trm lng Nito X bng 18,667% Thy phõn khụng hon ton m(g) hn hp M,Q(cú t l s mol 1:1) mụi trng Axit thu c 0,945(g) M; 4,62(g) ipeptit v{ 3,75 (g) X.Gi| tr ca m? A 4,1945(g) B 8,389(g) C 12,58(g) D 25,167(g) Cõu 33: X l{ mt Hexapeptit cu to t mt Aminoacid H2N-CnH2n-COOH(Y) Y cú tng % lng Oxi v{ Nito l{ 61,33% Thy ph}n ht m(g) X mụi trng acid thu c 30,3(g) pentapeptit, 19,8(g) ieptit v{ 37,5(g) Y Gi| tr ca m l{? A 69 gam B 84 gam C 100 gam D 78 gam Cõu 34: Tripeptit X cú cụng thc sau : H2NCH2CONHCH(CH3)CONHCH(CH3)COOH Thy ph}n ho{n to{n 0,1 mol X 400 ml dung dch NaOH 1M Khi lng cht rn thu c cụ cn dung dch sau phn ng l{: A 28,6 gam B 22,2 gam C 35,9 gam D 31,9 gam Cõu 35: Thu ph}n ho{n to{n 500 gam mt oligopeptit X (cha t n 10 gc -amino axit) thu c 178 gam amino axit Y v{ 412 gam amino axit Z Bit ph}n t ca Y l{ 89 Ph}n t ca Z l{: A 103 B 75 C 117 D 147 Cõu 36: X l mt tetrapeptit cu to t mt amino axit (A) no, mch h cú nhúm COOH; nhúm NH2 Trong A %N = 15,73% (v lng) Thy ph}n m gam X mụi trng axit thu c 41,58 gam tripeptit; 25,6 gam ipeptit v{ 92,56 gam A Gi| tr ca m l{: A 149 gam B 161 gam C 143,45 gam D 159 gam Cõu 37: A l{ mt hexapeptit mch h to th{nh t mt -amino axit X no, mch h (ph}n t cha nhúm NH2 v nhúm COOH) Bit rng phn trm lng ca oxi X l{ 42,667% Thy ph}n m gam A thu c hn hp gm 90,9 gam pentapeptit; 147,6 gam tetrapeptit; 37,8 gam tripeptit; 39,6 gam ipeptit v{ 45 gam X Gi| tr ca m l{: A 342 gam W: www.hoc247.net B 409,5 gam C 360,9 gam F: www.facebook.com/hoc247.net D 427,5 gam T: 098 1821 807 Trang | 18 Vng vng nn tng, Khai sỏng tng lai Cõu 38: Thy ph}n ho{n to{n tetrapeptit X ch thu c aminoaxit Y (no, mch h, ph}n t cha nhúm NH2 v{ nhúm COOH) Trong Y nguyờn t N chim 18,67% theo lng Khi thy ph}n khụng ho{n to{n 25,83 gam X thu c 11,34 gam tripeptit; m gam ipeptit v{ 10,5 gam Y Gi| tr ca m l{: A 2,64 gam B 6,6 gam C 3,3 gam D 10,5 gam Cõu 39: Thy ph}n ho{n to{n m gam ipeptit Gly-Ala (mch h) bng dung dch KOH va , thu c dung dch X Cụ cn to{n b dung dch X thu c 2,4 gam mui khan Gi| tr ca m l{ A 1,46 B 1,36 C 1,64 D 1,22 Cõu 40: un núng 32,9 gam mt peptit mch h X vi 200 gam dung dch NaOH 10% (va ) Sau phn ng thu c dung dch Y Cụ cn dung dch Y thu c 52 gam mui khan Bit rng X to th{nh t c|c -amino axit m{ ph}n t cha nhúm NH2 v nhúm COOH S liờn kt peptit X l: A 10 B C D P N CU HI TRC NGHIM PEPTIT - PROTEIN 1.A 2.D 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.B 7.D 8.C 9.B 10.A 11.C 12.A 13.B 14.A 15.D 16.C 17.C 18.A 19.B 20.A 21.A 22.C 23.C 24.C 25.A 26.C 27.A 28.C 29.B 30.A 31.D 32.B 33.D 34.C 35.A 36.C 37.A 38.B 39.A 40.A W: www.hoc247.net F: www.facebook.com/hoc247.net T: 098 1821 807 Trang | 19 Vng vng nn tng, Khai sỏng tng lai Vng vng nn tng, Khai sỏng tng lai Website Hoc247.vn cung cp mt mụi trng hc trc tuyn sinh ng, nhiu tin ớch thụng minh, ni dung bi ging c biờn son cụng phu v ging dy bi nhng giỏo viờn nhiu nm kinh nghim, gii v kin thc chuyờn mụn ln k nng s phm n t c|c trng i hc v{ c|c trng chuyờn danh ting I Luyn Thi Online Hc mi lỳc, mi ni, mi thit bi Tit kim 90% - Luyờn thi H, THPT QG vi i ng GV Gii, Kinh nghim t c|c Trng H v{ THPT danh ting - H2 khúa nn tng kin thc luyờn thi mụn: Toỏn, Ng Vn, Ting Anh, Vt Lý, Húa Hc v Sinh Hc - H99 khúa k nng lm bi v luyn thi th: Toỏn,Ting Anh, T Nhiờn, Ng Vn+ X~ Hi II Lp Hc o VCLASS Hc Online nh Hc lp Offline - Mang lp hc n tn nh, ph huynh khụng phi a ún v cú th hc cựng - Lp hc qua mng, tng tỏc trc tip vi giỏo viờn, hun luyn viờn - Hc phớ tit kim, lch hc linh hot, thoi mỏi la chn - Mi lp ch t n 10 HS giỳp tng t|c d dng, c h tr kp thi v m bo cht lng hc Cỏc chng trỡnh VCLASS: - Bi dng HSG Toỏn: Bi dng phõn mụn i S, S Hc, Gii Tớch, Hỡnh Hc v T Hp dnh cho hc sinh cỏc lp 10, 11, 12 i ng Ging Viờn giu kinh nghim: TS Lờ Bỏ Khỏnh Trỡnh, TS Trn Nam Dng, TS Pham S Nam, TS Lu Bỏ Thng, Thy Lờ Phỳc L, Thy Vừ Quc Bỏ Cn cựng ụi HLV t thnh tớch cao HSG Quc Gia - Luyn thi vo lp 10 chuyờn Toỏn: ễn thi HSG lp v luyn thi vo lp 10 chuyờn Toỏn cỏc trng PTNK, Chuyờn HCM (LHP-TN-NTH-G), Chuyờn Phan Bi Chõu Ngh An v{ c|c trng Chuyờn khỏc cựng TS.Trn Nam Dng, TS Pham S Nam, TS Trnh Thanh ốo v Thy Nguyn c Tn - Hoc Toỏn Nõng Cao/Toỏn Chuyờn/Toỏn Ting Anh: Cung cp chng trỡnh VClass Toỏn Nõng Cao, Toỏn Chuyờn v Toỏn Ting Anh danh cho cỏc em HS THCS lp 6, 7, 8, III Uber Toỏn Hc Hc Toỏn Gia S Kốm Online - Gia s To|n gii n t HSP, KHTN, BK, Ngoi Thng, Du hoc Sinh, Gi|o viờn Toỏn v Ging viờn H Day kốm Toỏn mi c}p t Tiu hc n H hay c|c chng trỡnh To|n Ting Anh, Tỳ ti quc t IB, - Hc sinh cú th la chn bt k GV no mỡnh yờu thớch, cú thnh tớch, chuyờn mụn gii v phự hp nht - Ngun hc liu cú kim duyt giỳp HS v PH cú th |nh gi| nng lc khỏch quan qua cỏc bi kim tra c lp - Tit kim chi phớ v thi gian hoc linh ng hn gii phỏp mi gia s n nh W: www.hoc247.net F: www.facebook.com/hoc247.net T: 098 1821 807 Trang | 20 ... V PEPTIT PROTEIN Cõu 1: Cho 13,32 gam peptit X n gc alalin to th{nh, thy ph}n ho{n to{n mụi trng axit thu c 16,02 gam alalin nht X thuc loi n{o? A Tripeptit B Tetrapeptit C Hexapeptit D ipeptit... tripeptit B tetrapeptit C pentapeptit D ipeptit Cõu 9: Khi thy ph}n ho{n to{n 65 gam mt peptit X thu c 22,25 gam alanin v{ 56,25 gam glyxin X l : A tripeptthu c B tetrapeptit C pentapeptit D ipeptit Cõu... danh ting I Luyn Thi Online Hc mi lỳc, mi ni, mi thit bi Tit kim 90% - Luyờn thi H, THPT QG vi i ng GV Gii, Kinh nghim t c|c Trng H v{ THPT danh ting - H2 khúa nn tng kin thc luyờn thi mụn: Toỏn,