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After completing this unit, you should be able to: Describe the medical assistant’s role in eye exams and procedures performed in a medical office, Discuss various eye disorders encountered in a medical office, identify ophthalmic exams performed in the physician’s office, summarize ophthalmologic procedures and treatments,...
CHAPTER 43 Assisting with Eye and Ear Care © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part 43-2 Learning Outcomes (cont.) 43.1 Describe the medical assistant’s role in eye exams and procedures performed in a medical office 43.2 Discuss various eye disorders encountered in a medical office 43.3 Identify ophthalmic exams performed in the physician’s office 43.4 Summarize ophthalmologic procedures and treatments © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part 43-3 Learning Outcomes (cont.) 43.5 Describe the medical assistant’s role in otology 43.6 Describe disorders of the ear encountered in the medical office 43.7 Recall various hearing and other diagnostic ear tests 43.8 Summarize ear procedures and treatments © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part 43-4 Introduction • Think how often you use your eyes and ears • Good eye and ear care is critical • Ophthalmology and otology – Disorders – Exams and procedures © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part 43-5 Ophthalmology • Specialty of the anatomy, function and diseases of the eye • Ophthalmologists • Medical assistant – Visual acuity – Color vision – Intraocular pressure © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part 43-6 Eye Diseases and Disorders • Disorders of external eye structures – Blepharitis ~ chronic inflammation of the eyelid’s edges – Ptosis ~ droopy upper eyelid – Sty ~ eyelash follicle infection © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part 43-7 Eye Diseases and Disorders (cont.) • Disorders of structures of the front of the eye – Conjunctivitis • Allergic • Infectious – Corneal ulcers and abrasions © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part 43-8 Eye Diseases and Disorders (cont.) • Disorders involving internal eye structures – Cataracts ~ cloudy or opaque lens – Glaucoma ~ increased fluid pressure – Iritis ~ inflammation of the iris and sometimes the ciliary body © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part 43-9 Eye Diseases and Disorders (cont.) • Disorders of the Retina – Retinal detachment ~ retina separate from the middle, vascular layer of the eye – Diabetic retinopathy ~ damage to small blood vessels supplying the retina – Macular degeneration ~ dark spot in the center of the field of vision © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part 43-10 Eye Diseases and Disorders (cont.) • Disorders involving eye movement – Strabismus • Deviation of one eye • Children – misaligned or unbalanced muscles • Adults – nerves and/or muscles – Amblyopia ~ “Lazy” eye © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part 43-30 Working with Patients with a Hearing Impairment • Avoid hand gestures • Re-state message in short, simple sentences • Treat patients with patience and respect © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part 43-31 Apply Your Knowledge Ménière’s Disease Otitis externa Otitis media Ruptured eardrum Tinnitus Mastoiditis Cerumen impaction Otosclerosis Labyrinthitis 10 Pruritus 11 Presbycusis Arrange disorders properly: Inner Ear Middle Ear Outer Ear Ménière’s Disease Otitis media Otitis externa Tinnitus Ruptured eardrum Labyrinthitis Mastoiditis Presbycusis Otosclerosis Cerumen impaction Pruritus Nice Job! © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part 43-32 Hearing and Other Diagnostic Ear Tests • Medical assistant – Assist with testing – Educate patients • Tuning fork © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part 43-33 Hearing and Other Diagnostic Ear Tests (cont.) • Audiometer – Measures hearing acuity – Varies frequency and decibels • Tympanometry – Measures eardrum’s ability to move – Gauges pressure in the middle ear © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part 43-34 Ear Treatments and Procedures • Medical assistant – Patient education ~ preventive ear care – Administer ear medications – Perform ear irrigations – Assist with earwax removal © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part 43-35 Ear Treatments and Procedures (cont.) • Administering medications – Local effect • Earwax removal – Ear curette – Irrigation – Warm before administering © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part 43-36 Ear Treatments and Procedures (cont.) • Ear irrigation – Relieve inflammation or irritation – Loosen and remove impacted cerumen – Remove foreign body • Microscopic earwax and foreign body removal © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part 43-37 Hearing Aids • Parts – Microphone – Amplifier – Speaker • Obtaining a hearing aid – Otologist – Audiologist • Care and use © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part 43-38 Other Devices and Strategies • If hearing not helped by hearing aid – Devices that light up as well as ring – Amplifiers for phone, TV, and radio – Closed-captioning • Cochlear implant – Does not amplify sound – Stimulates the auditory nerve © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part 43-39 Apply Your Knowledge What is the differences in technique for administering eardrops to a child or an adult? ANSWER: To administer eardrops you need to straighten the ear canal by pulling the auricle upward and outward for adults, down and back for infants and children © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part 43-40 In Summary 43.1 The medical assistant may perform some of the procedures that involve measuring various aspects and functions of the eye, such as visual acuity, color vision, and intraocular pressure 43.2 Disorders of the eye include: those of the external eye structures, disorders of the anterior eye structures, and refractive disorders © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part 43-41 In Summary 43.3 Ophthalmic exams performed in the physician’s office include: inspecting internal eye structures; testing visual fields; glaucoma testing; inspecting external eye structures; and refraction exams 43.4 Ophthalmologic procedures and treatments include administering eye medications like eyedrops and ointments, and performing eye irrigation © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part 43-42 In Summary 43.5 Medical assistants in an otology office may assist with or perform auditory screening, administer ear medications, perform ear irrigations, and help with diagnostic tests such as tympanometry 43.6 Ear diseases and disorders include: those of the outer ear, middle ear disorders, and those of the inner ear © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part 43-43 In Summary 43.7 Hearing and other diagnostic ear tests include audiometry and tympanometry 43.8 Ear treatments and procedures include administration of ear medications, ear irrigation, microscope-aided earwax or foreign body removal, hearing aid fitting, and cochlear implants © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part 43-44 End of Chapter 43 There is no such thing as an empty space or an empty time There is always something to see, something to hear In fact, try as we may to make a silence, we cannot - John Cage © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part .. .43- 2 Learning Outcomes (cont.) 43. 1 Describe the medical assistant’s role in eye exams and procedures performed in a medical office 43. 2 Discuss various eye disorders encountered in a medical. .. website, in whole or part 43- 4 Introduction • Think how often you use your eyes and ears • Good eye and ear care is critical • Ophthalmology and otology – Disorders – Exams and procedures © 2014 by... part 43- 3 Learning Outcomes (cont.) 43. 5 Describe the medical assistant’s role in otology 43. 6 Describe disorders of the ear encountered in the medical office 43. 7 Recall various hearing and other