Lý thuyết và bài tập liên từ nguyễn quỳnh trang

Lý thuyết và bài tập mệnh đề quan hệ do cô Nguyễn Quỳnh Trang cung cấp cho người học những kiến thức cơ bản nhất về mệnh đề quan hệ trong tiếng Anh, bài tập vận dụng lý thuyết mệnh đề quan hệ. Mời các bạn cùng tham khảo nội dung chi tiết.

GV: Nguyễn Quỳnh Trang Facebook: lopcoquynhtrang Lý thuyết & tập liên từ (có kèm đáp án) Sưu tầm Biên soạn cô NGUYỄN QUỲNH TRANG Liên từ tiếng anh: Cấu tạo, cách dùng & tập áp dụng Liên từ từ dùng để nối hai phần, hai mệnh đề câu Sau vài ví dụ liên từ: Liên từ đẳng lập: and, but, or, nor, for, yet, soLiên từ phụ thuộc: although, because, since, unless Ta xem xét liên từ từ khía cạnh Cấu tạo Liên từ gồm dạng chính:    Từ đơn ví dụ: and, but, because, although Từ ghép (thường kết thúc as that)ví dụ: provided that, as long as, in order that Tương liên (đi với trạng từ tính từ)ví dụ: so that Hai chức Liên từ:  Liên từ đẳng lập: dùng để nối phần câu có vai trò ngữ pháp độc lập với Đó từ đơn mệnh đề Ví dụ: - Jack and Jill went up the hill.- The water was warm, but I didn't go swimming  Liên từ phụ thuộc: dùng để nối mệnh đề phụ thuộc với mệnh đề câu Ví dụ: - I went swimming although it was cold Vị trí liên từ tiếng anh   Liên từ đẳng lập: luôn đứng từ mệnh đề mà liên kết Liên từ phụ thuộc: thường đứng đầu mệnh đề phụ thuộc * Các tình giao tiếp tiếng anh thông dụng  Liên từ đẳng lập  and, but, or, nor, for, yet, so Moon.vn - Học để khẳng định Hotline: 0432 99 98 98 GV: Nguyễn Quỳnh Trang Facebook: lopcoquynhtrang Một liên từ đẳng lập nối phần có vai trò ngữ pháp tương đương ngang câu Một liên từ đẳng lập cho thấy thành phần mà liên kết có cấu trúc tầm quan trọng tương tự nhauHãy xem ví dụ sau – thành tố ngoặc vuông nối với liên từ đẳng lập   I like [tea] and [coffee] [Ram likes tea], but [Anthony likes coffee] Liên từ đẳng lập đứng từ mệnh đề mà liên kết.Khi liên từ đẳng lập nối mệnh đề độc lập có dấu phẩy đứng trước liên từ  I want to work as an interpreter in the future, so I am studying Russian at university Tuy nhiên, mệnh đề độc lập ngắn tương tự dấu phẩy không thực cần thiết:  She is kind so she helps people Khi “and” đứng trước từ cuối dãy liệt kê, có dấu phẩy không   He drinks beer, whisky, wine, and rum He drinks beer, whisky, wine and rum Có mẹo nhỏ để nhớ liên từ ngắn đơn giản.F A N B O Y SFor And Nor But Or Yet So  Liên từ phụ thuộc Phần lớn số liên từ liên từ phụ thuộc Một số liên từ phổ biến  after, although, as, because, before, how, if, once, since, than, that, though, till, until, when, where, whether, while Liên từ phụ thuộc nối mệnh đề phụ với mệnh đề Hãy xem ví dụ sau: Mệnh đề liên từ phụ thuộc mệnh đề phụ Ram went swimming although it was raining Một mệnh đề phụ thuộc “phụ thuộc” vào mệnh đề Nó đứng câu độc lập Hãy tưởng tượng xem nói với bạn “ Hello! Although it was raining”, bạn hiểu nào? Vô nghĩa! Nhưng mệnh đề (hoặc mệnh đề độc lập) đứng riêng Bạn hiểu rõ ý có người nói rằng: “Hello! Ram went swimming.”Liên từ phụ thuộc luôn đứng đầu mệnh đề phụ thuộc Nó “giới thiệu” mệnh đề phụ thuộc Tuy nhiên, mệnh đề phụ thuộc đứng sau trước mệnh đề Do tiếng Anh có hai cấu trúc sau: Ram went swimming although it was raining.Although it was raining, Ram went swimming Kiến thức nâng cao Liên Từ tiếng anh: Ngoài loại liên từ (Liên từ phụ hợp-ordinating conjunction Liên từ tương quan-correlative conjunctions) học Level 250-500, hôm muốn cung cấp thêm loại liên từ nữachủ điểm hay xuất luyện thi TOEIC Liên từ gọi Liên từ tương hợp (Subordinating Conjunctions) Sau số loại liên từ tương hợp Chú ý rằng, sau liên từ mệnh đề Đọc thêm Câu điều kiện tiếng anh Moon.vn - Học để khẳng định Hotline: 0432 99 98 98 GV: Nguyễn Quỳnh Trang Facebook: lopcoquynhtrang  Diễn tả thời gian  While: she was eating while her husband was fixing his car When: when you develop products, it is important to conduct a market research Since: he has served this company since he graduated Before: Before you leave the office, remember to turn off all the lights After: After he returned to the office, he got a private phone call As soon as: As soon as I come home, please let her know  Diễn tả lý    Because: Because it was submitted late, the report was returned Since: Since you left him, he is now addicted to wine As: The economy added 10,000 jobs in the second quarter as ber domestic demands encouraged companies to hire more workers Diễn tả nhượng bộ: Although/ though/even he is inexperienced, he is still appreciated by the whole staff  Diễn tả điều kiện:     If/once: If you want to see him, call me any time Unless: Unless he calls, I will leave right away As long as (miễn là): he agrees to take the job as long as the salary is high Provided that/ providing: I will lend him money provided that he pays me on time Diễn tả mục đích: She buys a lovely doll so that/in order that her daughter can play with it at home Diễn tả đối lập: While/whereas: she keeps spending much money while her parents try to earn one single penny Moon.vn - Học để khẳng định Hotline: 0432 99 98 98 GV: Nguyễn Quỳnh Trang Facebook: lopcoquynhtrang  Một số liên từ thường gặp học tiếng anh: Liên từ đẳng lập ( Liên từ song song Liên từ phụ thuộc ( Liên từ ) phụ) AND Ví dụ: She is a good and loyal wife I have many books and notebooks BOTH AND Ví dụ: She is both good and loyal hoc tieng anh They learn both English and French AS WELL AS Ví dụ: He has experience as well as knowledge NO LESS THAN Ví dụ: You no less than he are very rich NOT ONLY BUT (ALSO) Ví dụ: He learns not only English but but (also) Chinese I like playing not only tennis but (also) football OR Ví dụ: Hurry up, or you will be late EITHER OR Ví dụ: He isn't either good or kind I don't have either books or notebooks NEITHER NOR Ví dụ: He drinks neither wine nor beer She has neither husband nor children BUT Ví dụ: He is intelligent but very lazy She is ugly but hard-working THEN Ví dụ: You have eaten nothing; then you must be very hungry The plant looks very faded; then it hasn't been watered for long CONSEQUENTLY Ví dụ: You didn't work hard for this term; consequently, he failed the exam Moon.vn - Học để khẳng định FOR Ví dụ: He will surely succeed, for (because) he works hard WHEREAS Ví dụ: He learns hard whereas his friends don't Wise men love truth whereas fools avoid it WHILE Ví dụ: Don't sing while you work Don't talk while you eat BESIDES, MOREOVER Ví dụ: We have to study hard at school; besides, we must pay attention to physical exercise He stole two watches; moreover, he broke the window SO Ví dụ: He is a good teacher; so, he is very popular with students It rained very hard; so, we didn't go out that night HENCE Ví dụ: I had not money about me; hence I did not buy the book He came late; hence, he missed the first part of the lesson - Liên từ nối mệnh đề (như trạng ngữ): a Thời gian (Time): AFTER Ví dụ: A man shoud take a little rest, after he has worked hard The ship was checked carefully after she had been built AS Ví dụ: He came her, as the clock struck six Hotline: 0432 99 98 98 GV: Nguyễn Quỳnh Trang HOWEVER Ví dụ: He is a very lazy student; however, he can pass all the exams easily It was raining very hard; however, we went out without umbrellar NEVERTHELESS Ví dụ: She studies very hard; nevertheless, she always gets bad marks STILL, YET Ví dụ: I speak to you peaceably; still/yet you will not listen She says she does not love me, yet, I still love her OR, ELSE, OTHERWISE Ví dụ: We have to work hard, or/else/otherwise we will fail the exam ONLY Ví dụ: Go where you like; only not stay here THEREFORE Ví dụ: He violated the traffic signs, therefore he was punished Moon.vn - Học để khẳng định Facebook: lopcoquynhtrang They left as the bell rang AS SOON AS Ví dụ: I will phone you as soon as I come home They will get married as soon as they finish university BEFORE Ví dụ: Don't count your chickens before they are hatchd He talks as if he were very wise học tiếng anh giao tiếp Ví dụ: He has been very weak, since he was taken sick AS LONG AS Ví dụ: No one can harm us, as long as we remain friends I will lend you some money as long as you promise to pay me back UNTIL Ví dụ: People not know the value of health until they lose it WHEN Ví dụ: When you visit this country, you should bring thick winter clothes WHILE Ví dụ: Make hay while the sun shines Step while you dance b Nơi chốn (Places): WHERE Ví dụ: The bed room is the best place where I my homework WHEREVER Ví dụ: His mother follows him wherever he goes I will go wherever to find a suitable job for me c Thể cách (Manner): AS Ví dụ: Do as I told you to AS IF Ví dụ: He talks as if he knew everything about her He dances as if he were a professional dancer Hotline: 0432 99 98 98 GV: Nguyễn Quỳnh Trang Facebook: lopcoquynhtrang d So sánh (Comparisons): AS Ví dụ: He is as tall as his brother This bag is as expensive as that one THAN Ví dụ: She is more beautiful than her sister She looks fatter than his friend e Lí (Reasons): AS Ví dụ: As it rained very hard, we stopped they games BECAUSE Ví dụ: We could not pass the test because we didn't learn hard I didn't meet her because she had left earlier SINCE Ví dụ: I must go since she has telephoned three times f Mục đích (Purposes): THAT Ví dụ: I work hard that I may succeed in life SO THAT Ví dụ: We went very early so that we could catch the last bus IN ORDER THAT Ví dụ: We learn French in order to study in France g Điều kiện (Conditions) : IF Ví dụ: I will phone him if I have his phone number UNLESS (IF NOT) Ví dụ: You will be late unless you set off now Unless you work hard, you will not pass the exam PROVIDED THAT Ví dụ: I will pardon him provided that he acknowledge his fault You can enter the room provided that you have the ticket IN CASE Ví dụ: You should take an Moon.vn - Học để khẳng định Hotline: 0432 99 98 98 GV: Nguyễn Quỳnh Trang Facebook: lopcoquynhtrang umbrella in case it rains Please take a map with you in case (that) you may get lost h Sự tương phản, trái ngược: ALTHOUGH, THOUGH, EVEN THOUGH Ví dụ: Though/even though /although it rained hard, I went out with her AS Ví dụ: Rich as he is, his isn't ever happy EVEN IF Ví dụ: Even if my watch is right, we will be too late NOT WITH STANDING THAT Ví dụ: He is poor not with standing that he works very hard Moon.vn - Học để khẳng định Hotline: 0432 99 98 98 GV: Nguyễn Quỳnh Trang Facebook: lopcoquynhtrang BÀI TẬP Bài tập 1: Điền vào chỗ trống với từ sau: although, and, because, but, or, since, so, unless, until, when Things were different ………… I was young I it …………… I like it Let us wait here ………… the rain stops You cannot be a lawyer ……… you have a law degree She has not called …………… she left last week I saw him leaving an hour …………… two ago This is an expensive ………… very useful book We were getting tired ………… we stopped for a rest He was angry ………… he heard when happened 10 Walk quickly ………… you will be late 11 He had to retire …………… of ill health 12 We will go swimming next Sunday ………… it's raining 13 I heard a noise ………… I turned the light on 14 Would you like a coffee …………… tea? Bài tập 2: Viết lại câu sau dùng liên từ thích hợp We know him We know his friends The coat was soft The coat was warm It is stupid to that It is quite unnecessary I wanted to go He wanted to stay Your arguments are b They don’t convince me You can go there by bus You can go there by train I was feeling tired I went to bed when I got home Moon.vn - Học để khẳng định Hotline: 0432 99 98 98 GV: Nguyễn Quỳnh Trang Facebook: lopcoquynhtrang Bài tập 3: Điền vào chỗ trống liên từ thích hợp: I’ll come and see you…….I leave for Moscow He will tell you……… you get home I can’t express my opinion………I know the fact We started very early…… we should miss the train He will stay here…… you come ……… he tried hard, he wasn’t successful He worked late last night…… he might be free to go away tomorrow The room is ….small… we can’t all get in …….you had left earlier, you would have caught the train 10 The road seems longer…….I thought 11 ………it rained hard, we played the match 12 ……… you may go, he won’t forget you Bài tập 4: Xếp từ nối phù hợp sau: after, before, when, while, until, as soon as, since, as if I usually have a snack _ going to bed He had a heart attack _ watching a video You look _ you’ve seen the ghost How many jobs have you had _ leaving school? Have a rest every hour or so _ driving long distances Bài tập 5: Viết lại câu sau cách sử dụng từ and, but, so, or It was raining I felt cold I went indoors He loves her She loves him They are getting married I can paint the lounge I can clean the fridge I can’t both Mr Downes seemed poor In fact, he had a lot of money Tim is sleeping You can’t speak to him at the moment Moon.vn - Học để khẳng định Hotline: 0432 99 98 98 GV: Nguyễn Quỳnh Trang Facebook: lopcoquynhtrang Bài tập 6: Chuyển đổi câu sau: Although Nam is not an intelligent student, he can learn very fast => Despite / In spite of Because Hoa was rich, she could buy that house => Because of _ Because the rain was so heavy, I couldn't go to school => Because of _ His father asked him to go stay at home because he was sick => Because of Because there was an accident, I was late => Because of _ She failed the University entrance exam because her grades were bad => Because of _ Although he has a physical handicap, he has become a successful business man => Despite Because of the cheap price, my wife insists on buying the Tivi => Because Although it was raining heavily, we still went to school => Despite / In spite of 10 Because I studied hard, I passed the exam => Because of Moon.vn - Học để khẳng định 10 Hotline: 0432 99 98 98 GV: Nguyễn Quỳnh Trang Facebook: lopcoquynhtrang Bài tập 7: Chọn đáp án phù hợp 1.He is very old, he still works very hard A but B.if C.when D.as C Whether you go or D Both you go you are dismissed A Neither you go nor and B Either you go or They had camped once before, they knew what to take A because B now C so D since Why these things happened was the driver had been careless A because of B owing to C due to D that Although, it's raining, are still working in the fields A they B but they C and they D so they _we have satisfied you, you have no grounds of complaint A So B Since that C Now that D By now Write clearly your teacher can understand you correctly A since B for 8.You'll miss the train _ you hurry up C because D so that A unless C if D until C as well as D as best as B as Francis did the task his brother A as good as B as better as 10.The size of the audience, we had expected, was well over twenty thousand A as B what C that D whom 11.I thought he hated the TV You are right, he still watches the program A yet B besides C also D then C as if D like that 12 It looks it's going to rain A that B as Moon.vn - Học để khẳng định 11 Hotline: 0432 99 98 98 GV: Nguyễn Quỳnh Trang Facebook: lopcoquynhtrang 13. to New York, her father has not heard from her A Because she went went B After she went C When she went D Since she 14. _he daydreamed, Peter saw figures in the sky A Until B Since C While D During C since D when 15 We arrived at the station the train had left A after B before 16 he was in poor health, he worked just as hard as everyone else A But B Although C Even if D If C and D when 17 Give me one more minute I'll have finished A so B until 18 The worker hunted for jobs in New York for months, he could not find any work A and B yet C or D and but C so D yet C like D that C so D otherwise 19 Hurry up, you'll be late A or B and 20 Do not make the same mistake I did A so B as 21 My sister is expecting me, I must be off now A however B or 22 We should pay attention to industry to agriculture A either, or B neither, nor C not, but D both, and C since D when 23 He ran off I could stop him A before B after 24 you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened A Till B Until Moon.vn - Học để khẳng định C After 12 D Since Hotline: 0432 99 98 98 GV: Nguyễn Quỳnh Trang Facebook: lopcoquynhtrang ĐÁP ÁN Bài tập 1: when because until unless since or but so when 10 or 11 because 12 unless 13 so 14 or Bài tập 2: We know him and his friends The coat was both soft and warm It is stupid and quite unnecessary to that I wanted to go but he wanted to stay Your arguments are b but they don’t convince me You can go there either by bus or by train I was feeling tired so I went to bed when I got home Moon.vn - Học để khẳng định 13 Hotline: 0432 99 98 98 GV: Nguyễn Quỳnh Trang Facebook: lopcoquynhtrang Bài tập 3: before when unless for fear that until although so that so….that if 10 than 11 even though/although 12 wherever Bài tập 4: Before While As if Since When Bài tập 5: It was raining and I felt cold so I went indoors He loves her and she loves him , so they are getting married I can paint the lounge or ( I can ) clear the fridge , but I can’t both Mr Downes seemed poor , but in fact he had a lot of money Tim is sleeping , so you can’t speak to him at the moment Moon.vn - Học để khẳng định 14 Hotline: 0432 99 98 98 GV: Nguyễn Quỳnh Trang Facebook: lopcoquynhtrang Bài tập 6: Despite / In spite of not being an intelligent student, he can learn very fast Because of Hoa’s richness, she could buy that house Because of the heavy rain, I couldn't go to school Because of his sickness his father asked him to go stay at home Because of an accident, I was late She failed the University entrance exam because of her bad grades Despite his physical handicap, he has become a successful business man Because the price is cheap, my wife insists on buying the Tivi Despite / In spite of the heavy rain, we still went to school 10 Because of studying hard , I passed the exam Bài tập 7: A B C D A C D A C 10 A 11 A 12 C 13 D 14 B 15 A 16 B 17 C 18 B 19 A 20 B 21 C 22 D 23 A 24 B 25 C Moon.vn - Học để khẳng định 15 Hotline: 0432 99 98 98 ... Hotline: 0432 99 98 98 GV: Nguyễn Quỳnh Trang Facebook: lopcoquynhtrang  Một số liên từ thường gặp học tiếng anh: Liên từ đẳng lập ( Liên từ song song Liên từ phụ thuộc ( Liên từ ) phụ) AND Ví dụ:... nâng cao Liên Từ tiếng anh: Ngoài loại liên từ (Liên từ phụ hợp-ordinating conjunction Liên từ tương quan-correlative conjunctions) học Level 250-500, hôm muốn cung cấp thêm loại liên từ nữachủ... Moon.vn - Học để khẳng định Hotline: 0432 99 98 98 GV: Nguyễn Quỳnh Trang Facebook: lopcoquynhtrang BÀI TẬP Bài tập 1: Điền vào chỗ trống với từ sau: although, and, because, but, or, since, so,