CÂU HỎI TRẮC NGHIỆM NGỮ ÂM ÂM VỊ HỌC

are two single vowels appearing within a syllable.. Vowels and consonants differ from each other in relation to how much they obstruct the air flow and what position they can occupy.. Vo

ENGLISH PHONETICS AND PHONOLOGY

PART 1: PHONETICS

1 The organs of articulation are located in:

A Along the vocal tract

B The chest

C The throat

D The head

2 The vocal sounds are produced in the:

A Trachea

B Larynx

C Lungs

D Pharynx

3 The produced vocal sounds are resonated and modified in the:

A Nose

B Pharynx

C Mouth

D Resonators

4 The vocal tract is the air passage beginning with the lungs and ending in:

A The mouth and the nose

B The front

C The head

D Pharynx

5 Vocal folds are two elastic bands of tissue located in the:

A Larynx

B Pharynx

C Trachea

D Mouth

6 The velum is the front part of the roof of the mouth which is formed by a bony structurE

A False

B True

7 Vibration happens when

A Vocal folds are under tension & partially opened

B The glottis is narrow

C The vocal bands are wide apart

D Vocal bands are tightly closed

8 Soft palate which can be touched by the tongue, at the back of the mouth is called:

A Alveolar

B Velum

C Uvula

D Palate

9 is (are) considered the most important speech instrument inside the larynx

A Adam’s apple

B Glottis

C Trachea

D Vocal cords

10 When the glottis is wide apart, we can

A Breathe normally and produce some consonants

B Porduce vowels

C Produce all consonants

D Produce vowels & diphthongs

11 For the voiceless sounds to be produced, the glottis is

A Narrow

B Mi-open

C Wide apart

D Tightly closed

12 The most movable speech instrument along the vocal tract is:

A Tongue

B Lips

C Teeth

D Vocal folds

13 A sound produced while the vocal folds are not vibrating is called:

A Voiced

B Consonants

C Voiceless

D Vowels

14 English vowels and consonants are different from each other in:

A Manner of articulation & distribution

B Voicing

C Place of articulation

15 Which of the follwing words contains a short vowel?

A Touch

B Smooth

C Mere

D Bear

16 The English end in /ɪ/

A Closing diphthongs

B Centering diphthongs

C Triphthongs

17 Diphthongs

A are the combinations of two single vowels

B consist a glide from one vowel to another

C are two single vowels appearing within a syllable

18 Which of the followings is not a criterion to classify English simple vowels?

A Tongue of height

B Tongue part

C Voicing

D Length of sound

19 Vowels followed by nasal consonants are:

A Lengthened

B Devoiced

C Shortened

D Nasalized

20 /i:/ & /u:/ are different in:

A Tongue position

B Length

C Muscle tension

D Lip shape

21 Which of the following diphthongs is pronounced differently from the others?

A Really

B Hear

C Fear

D Bear

22 Which of the vowels in the following words is pronounced differently from the others?

A Pour

B Touch

C Double

D Country

23 /i:/ in is shorter than the others

A Mean

B Meat

C Bead

D Bee

24 The sound beginning with a mid central vowel, then gliding towards a high back vowel is

A ɪə

B aɪ

C əʊ

D aʊ

25 Diphthongs

A consist of a movement or glide from one vowel to another, the former of which is much longer and stronger than the other

B are the combinations of two single vowels

C are two simple vowels appearing within a syllable.

26 Which of the following is not included in the criteria to classify English vowels?

A Place of articulation

B Tongue height

C Lip shape

D Muscle tension

27 A vowel is when preceding a final fortis/voiceless sound

A Devoiced

B Nasalized

C Shortened

D None of the above

28 The vowel in is pronounced differently form the others

A Fool

B Food

C Pool

D Foot

29 Which of the following words does not contain a central vowel?

A Hat

B Worm

C But

D Ago

30 Which of the statement is true?

A Vowels and consonants differ from each other in relation to how much they obstruct the air flow and what position they can occupy

B Vowels and consonants differ from each other in their distribution

C Vowels and consonants differ from each other in the way the air flow is obstructed when producing the sound

31 /ɔː/ in is the longest

A Thought

B Store

C Fork

D Port

32 Both are front vowels

A /i:/ & /e/

B /i:/ & /u:/

C /a:/ & /ɜː/

D /a:/ & /u:/

33 Which of the following is true?

A All vowels are the centers of syllables

B Consonants are produced without obstruction of the air stream

C All consonants are voiced

D Vowels are produced with a complete closure in the vocal tract

34 Which of the following words begins with a voiceless, post-alveolar, fricative sound?

A Enough

B Soldier

C Shoes

D Phenomenon

35 Which of the following statements is not true?

A Plosives are produced with the total or partial obstruction of the air stream

B Nasals are continuant vowels

C Hissing sound is a characteristic of fricatives

D The fortis fricatives and plosives in final position often shorten the vowel preceding them

36 The consonant /n/ & /z/ are different from each other in their

A Length

B Place of articulation

C Voicing

D Manner of articulation

37 The main difference between /d/ & /z/ is

A Manner of articulation

B Place of articulation

C Voicing

D Length

38 Sounds produced with a momentarily total obstruction to the airflow are

A Plosives

B Fricatives

C Nasals

D Approximants

39 Which of the following is the final sound in “debt”

A /e/

B /b/

C /bt/

D /t/

40 are pronounced with the contact made between lower lip & upper teeth

A Labio-dentals

B Alveolars

C Bilabials

D Dentals

41 consonants have the effect of shortening a preceding vowel or diphthong

A Lenis

B Fortis

C Voiced

D Fortis/voiceless

42 Voiceless stops are aspirated when occuring after the initial /s/

A True

B False

43 Lips can be pressed together, brought into contact with the teeth or rounded to produce the lip-shape for

A Vowels and some consonants

B Consonants

C Bilabial plosives

D Vowels

44 In manner of articulation, the important factor to help distinguish consonants & vowels is

A Voicing

B Obstruction to airflow

C Lip shape

D Tongue height

45 The most important difference between initial voiceless and voiced plosives is the

A Aspiration

B Voicing

C Plosion

D Length

46 The initial sound of “cold” is a(n)

A Alveolar

B Palatal

C Dental

D Velar

47 Consonants are classified according to their place of articulation, manner of articulation and:

A Vibrations of vocal bands

B Position of occurence

C Position of tongue

D Lip shape

48 For the voiceless sounds to be produced, the vocal cords are

A Mi-closed

B Wide apart

C Partially open

D Completely closed

49 When plosives are made, the escape of the compressed air will produce a small

A Hissing noise

B Friction

C Plosion

50 Lenis consonants are produced with force than the fortis ones.

A Less

B More

C Same

D Most

51 Fortis consonants at final position have the effects of a preceding vowel

A Shortening

B Lengthening

C Devoicing

D Nasalizing

52 The final sound in “ache” is a(n)

A Voiceless velar plosive

B Voiced palato-alveolar plosive

C Voiced velar plosive

D Voiceless palato-alveolar plosive

53 The sounds articulated with a strong hissing noise are called

A Plosives

B Groove fricatives

C Slit fricatives

D Sibilants

54 Phonetically, the fricative /h/ is similar to

A Vowel

B Consonant

C Diphthong

D Triphthong

55 The initial sound in “chef” is a(n)

A Approximant

B Affricate

C Fricative

D Plosive

56 Homorganic sounds have the same

A Organ of articulation

B Manner

C Voicing

D Sound

57 In speech, the is raised so that the air cannot escape through the nose

A Palate

B Uvula

C Velum

D Tongue

58 The final sound of “laugh” is a(n)

A Labio-dental

B Dental

C Glottal

D Velar

59 When fricatives are made, the escape of the air through a small passage produces a(n)

A Plosion

B Loud hissing noise

C Soft hissing noise

D Friction noise

60 To be an affricate, the two component sounds must

A Be hamorganic

B Have the same voice

C Have the same manner

61 The fricatives articulated with a strong hissing noise are also called

A Groove fricatives

B Sibilants

C Slit fricatives

D Plosives

62 Phonologically, the fricative /h/ is similar to

A Consonant

B Vowel

C Diphthong

D Triphthong

63 is not a type of consonant classified according to the place of articulation

A Plosive

B Palatal

C Velar

D Dental

64 are pronounced with the air flow escaping through a narrow passage

A Fricatives

B Approximants

C Affricates

D Plosives

65 By distribution, the fricative /h/ is similar to

A Consonant

B Vowel

C Diphthong

D Triphthong

66 The initial sound in “chief” is a(n)

A Plosive

B Approximant

C Fricative

D Affricate

67 Which of the following statements is true?

A Hissing noise is one of the characteristics of fricatives

B Nasals are not continuant sounds

C Plosives are produced with the total or partial obstruction of the air stream

D The fortis fricatives and plosives at initial position often shorten the vowel following them

68 Phonemically, the fricative /h/ is similar to

A Vowel

B Consonant

C Diphthong

D Triphthong

69 The initial sound of “jam” is a(n)

A Affricate

B Approximant

C Fricative

D Plosive

70 /ŋ/ never occurs at

A Initial position

B Medial position

C Final position

71 The sound /l/ when occuring after a vowel is called

A Devoiced

B Clear

C Dark

D Syllabic

72 To let the air escape through the nose, the velum must be

A Lowered

B Raised

C Pushed forwards

D Drawn back

73 The sound /l/ when following an initial fortis plosive is called

A Devoiced

B Dark

C Clear

D Syllabic

74 The sounds that never occur in final position are

A /w, j, h/

B /m, n, l, g/

C /r, w, h, k/

D /h, w, j, p/

75 The sound /l/ when preceding a vowel is called

A Dark

B clear

C devoiced

D syllabic

76 to prevent the air from escaping through the nose, the soft palate must be:

A closed

B lowered

C raised

D A & C

77 In British English, the approximant sound in “card” is

A non-rhotic

B rhotic

C devoiced

D shortened

78 The main difference between /b/ & /m/ is

A Manner of articulation

B Voicing

C Place of articulation

79 Which of the following is the final sound in “climb”

A /b/

B /m/

C /mb/

80 A syllabic consonant stands as the center of a week syllable instead of a vowel

A True

B False

81 The underlined sound in is phonetically similar to a vowel

A Hat

B Honor

C Plow

D Jam

82 Vowels occuring before final /m, n, ŋ/ are

A Velarized

B Labialized

C Dentalized

D Nasalized

83 The underlined sound in “lantern” is

A Not syllabic

B Syllabic

C Nasalized

D Devoiced

84 The consonant is made with the air escaping along the sides of the tongue

A Approximant

B Lateral

C Semi-vowel

D Semi-consonant

85 The initial sound in is a voiced, bilabial, approximant

A Bin

B Wet

C Red

D Man

86 Clear [l] only occurs before:

A Vowels

B Consonants

C Diphthongs

D A & C

87 The underlined sound in London is:

A Not syllabic

B Syllabic

C Nasalized

D Devoiced

88 The underlined sound in initial is:

A Oral

B Nasal

C Nasalized

D Devoiced

PART 2: PHONOLOGY

1 Phonetic transcription is the symbol for

A A precise pronunciation of a sound

B A phoneme

C A & B

2 Phonemic transcription is written between

A Parentheses

B Square brackets

C Slanted lines

3 Broad transcription is written between

A Slanted lines

B Square brackets

C Parentheses

4 Phonemic transcription is the symbol for

A A precise pronunciation of a sound

B A phoneme

C A & B

5 An allophone of a phoneme is another pronunciation of that phoneme which does not cause a difference in

A Meaning

B Pronunciation

C Spelling

D Stress

6 [t] & [th] are called the of the phoneme /t/

A Transcription

B Allophones

C Minimal pair

D Homophones

7 How many phonemes are there in the word “would”

A 2

B 3

C 4

D 5

8 A minimal pair is

A A pair of words of the same pronunciation

B Two allophones of the same phoneme

C A pair of words which differ from each other by only one phoneme at the same position

D A & C

9 Bean and dean are a minimal pair because

A They contain the same vowel sound

B They are both singular nouns

C They differ in only one sound segment that occurs in the same place in the string

10 Which of the followings does not form a minimal pair with night?

A Height

B Kite

C Light

D Knight

11 A consonant is a phoneme

A Segmental

B Super-segmental

C Over-segmental

D B & C

12 Stress, able to cause a change in meaning of a word, is a phoneme.

A Segmental

B Super-segmental

C Over-segmental

D B & C

13 Which of the following is an allophone?

A t

B /t/

C [t]

D {t}

14 Which of the following is a phoneme?

A t

B /t/

C [t]

D {t}

15 The phonetic transcription is written between:

A [ ]

B / /

C { }

D ( )

16 The broad transcription is written between:

A [ ]

B / /

C { }

D ( )

17 In a weak syllable, the vowel is usually pronounced as

A Schwa

B Approximant

C Syllabic

D Semi-vowel

18 The shortest English syllable consists of

A CV

B C

C V

D VC

19 ONSET consonants in an English syllable are

A Consonants preceding the PEAK

B Consonants following the CENTER

C Sound(s) in the center of a syllable

D Vowels or diphthongs

20 The maximum number of consonants in ONSET of an English syllable is

A 1

B 2

C 3

D 4

21 In an English syllable, the consonants following the NUCLEUS are called

A CODA

B ONSET

C PEAK

D NUCLEUS

22 The prominence of a stressed syllable is made up by the length, pitch, quality, and

A Loudness

B Tension

C Strength

D Pronunciation

23 A syllable in English is identified by

A Consonant

B Vowel

C Stress

D Semi-vowel

24 The peak of an English syllable should always be a vowel, diphthong or a(n)

A Syllabic consonant

B Appoximant

C Semi-vowel

D Consonant

25 The longest syllable structure in English may be

A CCCVCCC

B CCCVCCCC

C CCVCCCC

D CCCCVCCC

26 The shortest English syllable consists of

A One sound

B One consonant

C One vowel and a consonant

D A & B

27 When not emphasized, most words are pronounced with a weal form

A Functional

B Lexical

C Auxiliary

D Preposition

28 Auxiliaries are in strong form in

A Final position

B Mediun position

C Initial position

D All positions

29 The maximum number of consonants in CODA of an English syllable is

A 1

B 2

C 3

D 4

30 A simple word is a word consisting of

A 1 syllable

B 1 morpheme

C A base and affix(es)

D 2 words joined together

31 A complex word contains at least

A 1 syllable

B 1 affix

C 1 suffix

D 1 prefix

32 Which one is not a factor making up the prominence of a stressed syllable?

A Strength

B Pitch

C Quality

D Loudness

33 The stress in on the penultimate syllable in words ending in

A –iar

B –oon

C –een

D –ette

34 The stress is placed on the last syllable in words ending with

A –ic

B –ness

C –ese

D –er

35 always occurs in English syllable

A Vowel

B Consonant

C Onset

D Coda

36 Which of the following is not true?

A A minimum syllable would be a single vowel and a coda

B Some syllables may have no onset but have a coda