Comparative and superlative adjectives presentation

LONG adjectives: 2 - syllable Adjectives end with -y happy... •Remember, when using a comparative you must always follow it with the word “THAN”.. Examples Adjectives large larger larg

And ADVERBS

Comparatives are used to show the difference between two objects

large larger

The first apple is large

The second apple is larger than the first.

To make comparative forms of adjectives some rules must be

followed.

Long – short adjectives

• Rule 1 If an adjective has 1

syllable we add the ending –er to

the adjective

– i.e small + er = smaller than

– i.e hard + er = harder than

The ant is smaller than the hippo.

1 syllable adjective - SMALL

• Rule 2 you must double the last

consonant and then ad –er

i.e big + er = bigger than

i.e fat + er = fatter than

The elephant is fatter than the giraffe.

1 syllable adjective that has 1 vowel and ends with a consonant

FAT

• Rule 3 If an adjective ends with

a “y”, remove the “y” and add –

ier

i.e happy –y + ier = happier than

i.e funny –y + ier = funnier than

The girl is happier than the duck

LONG adjectives:

2 - syllable Adjectives end with -y

happy

• Rule 4 add more before the

LONG adjectives:

2 - syllable Adjectives without – y ending

3 - syllable adjectives that ends with -y

Beautiful

•Rule 5 There are a few exceptions.

good = better than bad = worse than far = farther than Little = Less than

Many = More than

My mother's cooking is worse than your mother's

cooking

•Remember, when using a comparative you must always follow it with the word “THAN”

The Toyota is smaller than the Ford

The Ford is bigger than the Toyota

The ant is smaller than the hippo

The elephant is fatter than the giraffe

The girl is happier than the duck

The butterfly is more beautiful than the frog

Modifications of comparatives

• Comparatives can be modified by the

following words: many, much, very much, far,

a little, a bit, a lot, any, no, even, still.

• That’s even worse than this one.

• He is a bit taller than me

• There are many more guests this year than

last year

Equality: as…as

 We use as as to say that things are equal or unequal

 Our house is as big as yours = They're the same size.

 It's warmer today.= It isn't as cold as yesterday

 In a negative sentence we can also use so as, but this is less common than as as

 This flat isn't as big as/so big as our old one.

The same as

 The result of the match was the same as last year Multiplicative words ( twice, three times, etc) are placed in front of the first as

Your car is twice as fast as my car

This house is three times as large as that house

Superlatives are used to show the difference between more than two

objects

Examples Adjectives

large larger largest

The first apple is large

The second apple is larger than the first The third apple is the largest of the three.

The ant is the

smallest.

• Rule 1 If an adjective has 1

syllable we add the ending –est

to the adjective

i.e small + est = the smallest

i.e hard + est = the hardest

The hippo is the

fattest.

• Rule 2 If a one syllable adjective

ends with a consonant and its has

one vowel, you must double the

last consonant and ad –est

i.e big + est = the biggest

i.e fat + est = the fattest

The elephant is the

heaviest.

• Rule 3 If an adjective ends with

a “y”, remove the “y” and add –

iest

i.e happy –y + iest = the happiest

i.e funny –y + iest = the funniest

The airplane is

the most expensive.

• Rule 4 If an adjective has two

syllables or more without a “y”

then add the word “most” before

the word

• If the adjective ends with a “y”,

you will only add the word

“most” if it has three syllables or

satisfactory

• Rule 5 There are a few exceptions.

good = the best bad = the worst far = the farthest

• Little = the least

• Many = the most

• My dog is the best dog in the world.

• Remember, when using a superlative you must always precede it with the word “THE”

The Toyota is the smallest

The Ford is the biggest

Brad Pitt is the most handsome

The airplane is the most expensive

Jim Carrey is the funniest

positive comparative superlative

clever cleverer / more clever cleverest / most clever

common commoner / more common commonest / most common likely likelier / more likely likeliest / most likely

pleasant pleasanter / more pleasant pleasantest / most pleasant polite politer / more polite politest / most polite

quiet quieter / more quiet quietest / most quiet

simple simpler / more simple simplest / most simple

stupid stupider / more stupid stupidest / most stupid

subtle subtler / more subtle subtlest / most subtle

sure surer / more sure surest / most sure

Some adjectives have two possible forms

of comparison (-er/est and more/most).

Choosing comparatives and

superlatives

• Comparative + than:

 This restaurant is nicer than the

Pizza House

 I had a bigger meal than you

 The steak is more expensive than

the fish

• Superlative + ever/ (of) all/

possible, in the world

 This question is the most difficult of all

 August is the wettest month

of the year

 We often use a clause after

a superlative

 That was the most delicious

meal (that) I've ever eaten

Forming Comparative and Superlative

Adverbs

• LY Adverbs (adverbs formed from adjectives

by adding -ly to the end)

• we form the comparative and superlative

forms with more and most

quiet quietly more quietly most quietly

careful carefully more carefully most carefully

happy happily more happily most happily

Examples

• Jeff works more quietly than Steve does

• Jeff works the most quietly of all the students

• Mary drives more carefully than John does

• Of the three drivers, Mary drives the most

carefully

• Steve works more happily than he used to

• Mary sings the most happily of all the girls in

the gro

Superlative Adverb

hard hard harder hardestfast fast faster fastestearly early earlier earliest

Examples

• Please work harder

• Steve works the hardest

• Mary runs faster than John does

• Mary runs the fastest of all the runners on the

team

• Steve gets to work earlier than I do

• Steve gets to work the earliest of all

Irregular Adverbs.

far far farther/further farthest/furthest