Ngữ pháp tiếng Anh - So sánh cách dùng ving, to v
Trang 1– Stop V-ing: dừng làm gì (dừng hẳn)
– Stop to V: dừng lại để làm việc gì
I’m too tired I stop working for a moment
He stopped to eat
– Remember/forget/regret to V: nhớ/quên/tiếc sẽ phải
làm gì (ở hiện tại – tương lai)
– Remember/forget/regret V-ing: nhớ/quên/tiếc đã làm
gì (ở quá khứ)
Please remember to return the book tomorrow
I remember purting my hat somewhere in this room
– Try to V: cố gắng làm gì
– Try V-ing: thử làm gì
I will try to help you
I try eating the cake he makes
– Like V-ing: thích làm gì vì nó thú vị, làm để thường
thức
– Like to do: làm việc đó vì nó là tốt và cần thiết
I like watching TV
I want to have this job I like to learn English
– Prefer V-ing to V-ing
– Prefer + to V + rather than (V)
Cùng có nghĩa: thích cái gì hơn cái gì
I prefer driving to traveling by train
I prefer to drive rather than travel by train
– Mean to V: Có ý định làm gì.
– Mean V-ing: Có nghĩa là gì.
He doesn’t mean to prevent you from doing that This sign means not going into
– Need to V: cần làm gì
– Need V-ing: cần được làm gì (= need to be done)
I need to go to school today
Your hair needs cutting
- Want to V: chủ ngữ là người (động từ thường)
- Want Ving: chủ ngữ là vật (bị động)
The plants want watering daily
What do you want to do tomorrrow?
- Go on to V: Tiếp tục làm 1 việc sau khi hoàn thành 1
việc
Go on to paint the window when you have repaired the door
Trang 2- Go on Ving: chỉ sự liên tục của hành động My father went on working until he was nearly 70.
– Used to V: đã từng/thường làm gì trong quá khứ
– Be/Get used to V-ing: quen với việc gì (ở hiện tại)
I used to get up early when I was young
I’m used to getting up early
– Advise/allow/permit/recommend + Object + to
V: khuyên/cho phép/ đề nghị ai làm gì.
– Advise/allow/permit/recommend +
V-ing: khuyên/cho phép, đề nghị làm gì.
He advised me to apply at once
He advised applying at once
– See/hear/smell/feel/notice/watch + Object +
V-ing: cấu trúc này được sử dụng khi người nói chỉ chứng
kiến 1 phần của hành động
– See/hear/smell/feel/notice/watch + Object + V: cấu
trúc này được sử dụng khi người nói chứng kiến toàn
bộ hành động
I see him passing my house everyday
She smelt something burning and saw smoke rising
We saw him leave the house
I heard him make arrangements for his journey
Luyện tập
Bài tập 1: Chọn dạng đúng của động từ sau:
1 The teacher decided (accepting/to accept) the paper.
2 They appreciate (to have/having) this information.
3 His father doesn’t approve of his (going/ to go) to Europe.
4 We found it very difficult (reaching/ to reach) a decision.
5 Donna is interested in (to open/opening) a bar.
6 George has no intention of (to leave/leaving) the city now.
7 We are eager (to return/returning) to school in the fall.
8 We would be better off (to buy/ buying) this car.
9 She refused (to accept/ accepting) the gift.
10 Mary regrets (to be/being) the one to have to tell him
11 George pretended (to be/being) sick yesterday.
12 Carlos hopes (to finish/finishing) his thesis this year.
13 They agreed (to leave/leaving) early
14 Helen was anxious (to tell/ telling) her family about her promotion.
15 We are not ready (to stop/stopping) this research at this time.
16 Henry shouldn’t risk (to drive/driving) so fast.
17 He demands (to know/knowing) what is going on.
18 She is looking forward to (return/returning) to her country.
19 There is no excuse for (to leave/leaving) the room in this condition.
20 Gerald returned to his home after (to leave/leaving) the game.
Bài tập 2: Hoàn thành mỗi câu sau với một trong các động từ sau: apply, be, be, listen, make, see, try, use, wash, work,
write (chia động từ theo đúng dạng)
1 Could you please stop……… so much noise?
2 I enjoy ………to music.
Trang 33 I considered ……… for the job but in the end I decided against it.
4 Have you finished ………your hair yet?
5 If you walk into the road without looking, you risk………knocked down
6 Jim is 65 but he isn’t going to retire yet He wants to carry on………
7 I don’t mind you………the phone as long as you pays for all your calls.
8 Hello! Fancy ………… you here! What a surprise!
9 I’ve put off ……… the letter so many times I really must do it today.
10 What a stupid thing to do! Can you imagine any body ……… so stupid?
11 Sarah gave up ……… to find a job in this company and decided to go abroad.
Bài tập 3: Chọn đáp án đúng
1 John was trying the door with the wrong key A unlocking B to unlock
2 The audience began before the curtains closed A clapping B to clap
3 The soccer teams continued _even though it began to snow A playing B to play
4 We like outside when the weather is warm and sunny A eating B to eat
5 We began _ to the news when we heard the Olympics mentioned A listening B to listen
6 I was just beginning _asleep when the phone rang A falling B to fall
7 I really hate _ late for appointments A being B to be
8 The cake was starting _ when I took it out of the oven A burning B to burn
9 She's so impatient! She can't stand in line for anything A waiting B to wait
10 I prefer my bicycle to work because the automobile traffic is too heavy A riding B to ride
11 Lillian prefers to taking the bus A walking B to walk
12 Tim prefers than to jog for exercise A walking B to walk
13 The baby loves in the car A riding B to ride
14 Near the end of the performance, the audience began their feet on the floor A stamping B to stamp
15 The audience began to clap and their feet on the floor A stamping B (to) stamp
16 The audience began clapping and their feet on the floor A stamping B (to) stamp
17 My son sometimes forgets the stove when he's finished cooking A turning off B to turn off
18 Alex will never forget his first helicopter ride A taking B to take
19 Would you please remember away all the tapes when you're finished listening to them? A putting B to put
20 I remember them away when I finished with them last night A putting B to put
21 I remember Bolivia for the first time It's a beautiful country A visiting B to visit
22 What am I going to do? I forgot _my calculus text, and I need it for the review today A bringing B to bring
23 My boss regrets his secretary now that she is gone A firing B to fire
Trang 424 The letter said, "I regret you that your application has been denied." A informing B to inform
25 I haven't been able to get in touch with Shannon I tried _ her Then I tried _
her a letter I tried a message with her brother when I talked to him Nothing worked
A calling/writing/leaving B to call/to write/to leave
26 I always try my bills on time, but sometimes I'm a little late A paying B to pay
Đáp án
Bài 1:
1 to accept 2 having 3 going 4 to reach 5 opening
6 leaving 7 to return 8 buying 9 to accept 10 being
11 to be 12 to finish 13 to leave 14 to tell 15 to stop
16 driving 17 to know 18 returning 19 leaving 20 leaving
Bài 2:
1 making 2 listening 3 applying 4 washing
5 being 6 working 7 using 8 seeing
9 writing 10 being 11 trying