Cách khác nói về tương lai

1 Be + to V - Be + to V cấu trúc sử dụng phổ biến tin để nói kiện xảy tương lai gần Police officers are to visit every home in the area The main Rome-to-Naples railway line is to be reopened today - Be to + sử dụng để nói kế hoạch, hướng dẫn thức đưa mênh lệnh, yêu cầu You are not to leave the school without my permission The European Parliament is to introduce a new law on safety at work Children are not to be left unsupervised in the museum, (passive form) Chú ý: - Thể bị động sử dụng để đưa mệnh lệnh, hướng dẫn cách khách quan - dùng be to + infinitive để nói kiện kiểm soát người In the next few years, thousands of speed cameras are to appear on major roads Scientists say they can't predict when or where the disease will appear again - Tuy nhiên, to + infinitive dùng để nói tương lai nhìn từ khứ, hay thường dùng để miêu tả ảnh hưởng tới đó, dù có ảnh hưởng tới kiện hay không Matthew Flinders sailed past Tasmania in 1770, but it was to be a further 30 years before he landed there - Chúng ta thường dùng mệnh đề if để nói xảy đầu tiên, trước khác The human race is to survive, we must look at environmental problems now If Lopez is to win gold at the next Olympics, he needs to work on his fitness (effect, cause) If Lopez wins gold at the next Olympics, he has said that he will retire from athletics (cause, effect) be about to + V Chúng ta dùng be about to + infinitive câu diễn tả việc xảy tức We're about to eat Do you want to join us? Look ! The race is about to start be on the verge of / brink of / point of (+ -ing or noun) - Dùng để nói việc xảy People are on the verge of starvation as the drought continues Scientists are on the brink of making major advances in the fight against AIDS Exhausted, mentally and physically, she was on the point of collapse - Be on the brink of dùng để quan trọng, thú vị tồi be due to (+ infinitive), be sure / bound to (+ infinitive), be set to (+ infinitive) - Cấu trúc sử dụng để nói việc hy vọng xảy vào thời gian đặc biệt - be sure / bound to (+ infinitive) để nói điều gần chắc xảy - be set to (+ infinitive) để nói sẵn sàng để xảy The company's chief executive is due to retire next year, but following today's announcement of further losses she is sure to be asked to leave sooner ‘Will there be somewhere to get a coffee at the station?' ‘Oh, yes, there's bound to be.’ Her new film is set to be a great success - Chú ý: dùng due to + noun để đưa lý cho việc đó, nói tương lai Due to fog, all flights from the airport have been cancelled) Một số động từ + to V để nói ý định aim*, agree, expect*, hope*, intend*, mean, plan*, promise, propose*, resolve, undertake, want* (những từ đánh dấu * dùng với đơn tiếp diễn) We guarantee to refund your money if you are dissatisfied with the computer I aim to get to Bangkok by the end of June, I'm aiming toget ; I was aiming toget Với số người, đặc biệt lời nói ngành báo chí, be looking + to - infinitive có nghĩa kế hoạch cho trình hành động We're looking to create 3,000 jobs in the city over the next year Luyện tập Bài 1: Complete these news extracts using the verbs in brackets Use be to + infinitive if possible and will + infinitive if not Use active or passive forms as necessary Jon Stobbard has written his first new play for 15 years Its first performance (stage) at the New Victoria Theatre The new safety system (stop) trains automatically if they pass a danger signal 3.Stafford Boys' School _(merge) with the nearby Bicton Girls' School to form a new co-educational establishment There are fears that sea levels (rise) catastrophically in the next 50 years The old design and technology programme (replace) with a new computer science course Now use the verbs in the box to the same in to 10 become create increase receive retire succeed Managing Director Lars Lindberg, 59, this summer a year early He by Christina Fontana, who joined the company last year As the temperatures fall with the onset of winter, the refugee crisis more severe Production line staff at the Heathcote garden furniture factory in Northam a pay rise following a big new order from Italy Seventy new posts at the factory following a major investment by the parent company in the United States 10 The recent rapid rise in house prices in the south-east the demand for higher salaries among lower-paid workers Bài 2: Underline the correct answers In some cases both alternatives are possible You need to work much harder if you have / are to have any chance of passing the exam My sister is to start / is about to start a PhD in Physics Mrs Patel is likely to become the Foreign Minister if the party wins / is to win power at the next election If you enjoy / are to enjoy romantic comedies, then this is a film you must see a: Can you type this letter for me? b: Sorry, I'm just to go /’m just about to go home It'll have to wait until tomorrow If Beckman recovers / is to recover from a foot injury, it seems certain that he will play in Saturday's match against Spain If the university keeps / is to keep its international reputation, it must first invest in better facilities for students 8 Jonas Fischer has denied that he is to resign / is about to resign as marketing manager It started snowing an hour ago, and from the look of those clouds things are to get / are about to get a lot worse 10 If the railway system is improved / is to be improved, the government should invest substantial amounts of money now Bài tập 3: Expand the notes to complete the news extracts, using the phrases in A verge-become sure-face sure - provide bound – raise verge-quit due-undergo brink-go set-launch set - make due – return point-sign point -move 1/2 The decision of Cornico to relocate its international headquarters to Switzerland is bound to raise questions about the government’s new profits tax It seems that other major financial firms are also on the point of moving their headquarters out of London 3/4 NASA’s latest Mars probe is _ to Earth later today A spokesperson for NASA said that the probe would be bringing back rock samples that are _exciting new information about the planet 5/6 The Countryside Conservation Society is a new million-Euro scheme for the protection of endangered plant species It is estimated that over 200 species are extinct in the country 7/8 Sources at the United Nations have said that the governments of North and South Alicia are an agreement to end their long-running border dispute However, any agreement is resistance from rebel forces in South Alicia, who have said they will fight on 9/10 Tennis star Sancho Gomez is _a second operation on his injured shoulder He was _tennis earlier this year after a first operation was unsuccessful 11/12 EU agriculture ministers are _ an important announcement on increasing support to farmers when they meet in Brussels on Monday ‘Many farmers are _ out of business,’ said the Italian representative, ‘and the matter must be decided very soon.’ Bài tập 4: Complete the sentences with the verb pairs from the box Use either the present simple or present continuous for the first verb If both tenses are possible, write them both aim - to study expect - to finish intend - to move propose-to deal look—to replace resolve-to give up guarantee-to find My computer is now five years old, and I’m going to replace it with a faster one In the first half of the course we'll study microbiology, and in the second half I _ with genetic engineering We haven't completed the work yet, but we _ it later this week I haven't done much work at college so far, but I harder from now on Every New Year he _ eating biscuits, but by February he has started again We can't provide the spare parts ourselves, but we _ a supplier who can At the moment I commute for over three hours a day, but I _closer to my work in the next few months Đáp án Bài 1 is to be staged (‘will be staged' is also possible) will stop is to merge / is to be merged ('will merge' or ‘will be merged' are also possible) will rise is to be replaced (‘will be replaced' is also possible) is to retire; is to be succeeded (‘will retire' and ‘will be succeeded' are also possible) will become are to receive (‘will receive' is also possible) are to be created (‘will be created' is also possible) 10 will increase Bài 2: are to have (see section B) is to start / is about to start (A/C) wins (B) enjoy (B) 'm just about to go (C) recovers (B) is to keep (B) Bài 3: due to return sure to provide set to launch on the verge of becoming on the point of signing sure to face due to undergo 10 on the verge of quitting 11 set to make 12 on the brink of going Bài propose / 'm proposing to deal expect / 're expecting to finish aim /'m aiming to study resolves to give up guarantee to find intend /'m intending to move ... ý: dùng due to + noun để đưa lý cho việc đó, nói tương lai Due to fog, all flights from the airport have been cancelled) Một số động từ + to V để nói ý định aim*, agree, expect*, hope*, intend*,... infinitive) - Cấu trúc sử dụng để nói việc hy vọng xảy vào thời gian đặc biệt - be sure / bound to (+ infinitive) để nói điều gần chắc xảy - be set to (+ infinitive) để nói sẵn sàng để xảy The company's... The race is about to start be on the verge of / brink of / point of (+ -ing or noun) - Dùng để nói việc xảy People are on the verge of starvation as the drought continues Scientists are on the