Nghiên cứu đánh giá hiệu quả xử lý nước thải dệt nhuộm bằng vật liệu nano titandioxit pha tạp

Header Page of 148 LI CAM OAN Tụi xin cam oan õy l cụng trỡnh nghiờn cu ca riờng tụi v khụng trựng lp vi bt k cụng trỡnh khoa hc no khỏc Cỏc s liu, kt qu nờu lun ỏn l trung thc v cha s dng bo v mt hc v no, cha c cụng b bt k mt cụng trỡnh nghiờn cu no H Ni, thỏng 04 nm 2016 Tỏc gi lun ỏn Nguyn Th Thu Trang Footer Page of 148 Header Page of 148 LI CM N Tụi xin by t lũng bit n chõn thnh v sõu sc n th giỏo viờn hng dn, TS Nguyn Minh Tõn v PGS.TS Nguyn Hng Khỏnh, ó cho tụi nhng ch dn quý bỏu v phng phỏp lun v to mi iu kin thun li giỳp tụi hon thnh bn Lun ỏn ny Tụi cng vụ cựng bit n PGS.TS Lờ Th Hoi Nam ó tn tỡnh ch dn v giỳp tụi v khoa hc v nh hng nghiờn cu sut quỏ trỡnh tụi thc hin Lun ỏn Tụi xin chõn thnh cm n B Khoa hc v Cụng ngh (Nhim v hp tỏc quc t v khoa hc v cụng ngh theo ngh nh th, mó s ti: 04/2012/H-NT) ó h tr kinh phớ cho vic thc hin Lun ỏn Tụi xin chõn thnh cm n Lónh o v cỏc bn ng nghip phũng Gii phỏp cụng ngh ci thin mụi trng Vin Cụng ngh mụi trng v phũng Húa hc xanh Vin Húa hc ó to iu kin v mi mt v úng gúp cỏc ý kin quý bỏu v chuyờn mụn sut quỏ trỡnh tụi thc hin v bo v Lun ỏn Tụi cng xin chõn thnh cm n Vin nghiờn cu v phỏt trin ng dng cỏc hp cht thiờn nhiờn (INAPRO) Trng i hc Bỏch Khoa H Ni v GS.TS Gianaurelio Cuniberti - B mụn Khoa hc Vt liu v k thut nano - Vin Khoa hc Vt liu Trng i hc Tng hp K thut Dresden (c) ó to iu kin tụi cú c hi c hc v lm vic ti Vin Khoa hc Vt liu Trng i hc Tng hp K thut Dresden Tụi cng xin gi li cm n ti TS Klaus Kuehn v cỏc ng nghip vỡ s giỳp nhit tỡnh v nhng ý kin úng gúp quý giỏ v khoa hc thi gian tụi lm vic ti c Tụi xin trõn trng cm n Ban Lónh o v b phn o to sau i hc Vin Cụng ngh mụi trng ó giỳp tụi hon thnh cỏc hc phn ca Lun ỏn v mi th tc cn thit Cui cựng tụi xin by t li cm n sõu sc nht n gia ỡnh, ngi thõn ó luụn chia s, ng viờn tinh thn v l ngun c v, giỳp tụi vt qua mi khú khn sut quỏ trỡnh thc hin Lun ỏn Footer Page of 148 Header Page of 148 i MC LC MC LC I DANH MC CH VIT TT III DANH MC HèNH V DANH MC BNG IX M U CHNG TNG QUAN 1.1 TNG QUAN V NC THI DT NHUM CễNG NGHIP 1.1.1 Cỏc ngun phỏt sinh nc thi v c tớnh ụ nhim ca nc thi dt nhum cụng nghip 1.1.2 Phng phỏp x lý nc thi dt nhum cụng nghip 10 1.2 TNG QUAN V X Lí NC THI DT NHUM BNG VT LIU NANO TITAN IOXIT 17 1.2.1 Gii thiu chung v vt liu TiO2 17 1.2.2 Cỏc cht mang nano titan ioxit 26 1.2.3 ng dng nano titan ioxit x lý nc thi dt nhum 36 CHNG PHNG PHP NGHIấN CU 43 2.1 I TNG V NI DUNG NGHIấN CU 43 2.1.1 i tng nghiờn cu 43 2.1.2 Ni dung nghiờn cu 43 2.2 PHNG PHP THC NGHIM 45 2.2.1 Xõy dng qui trỡnh tng hp vt liu xỳc tỏc 45 2.2.2 ỏnh giỏ hot tớnh quang xỳc tỏc phn ng phõn hy thuc nhum 49 2.3 PHNG PHP PHN TCH 54 2.3.1 Cỏc phng phỏp nghiờn cu cu trỳc vt liu 54 2.3.2 Cỏc phng phỏp phõn tớch cht lng nc thi dt nhum trc v sau x lý 58 2.4 PHNG PHP X Lí S LIU 58 Footer Page of 148 Header Page of 148 ii 2.4.1 Xỏc nh hng s tc phn ng 58 2.4.2 ỏnh giỏ hiu qu x lý 59 CHNG KT QU V THO LUN 60 3.1 C TRNG CU TRC TINH TH CA VT LIU XC TC 60 3.1.1 Vt liu xỳc tỏc dng bt 60 3.1.2 Vt liu xỳc tỏc dng lp ph 75 3.2 TNH CHT QUANG XC TC CA NANO TIO2 PHA TP NG DNG TRONG X Lí NC THI DT NHUM 89 3.2.1 Hot tớnh quang xỳc tỏc x lý metyl da cam v metylen xanh 89 3.2.2 ỏnh giỏ hiu qu x lý nc thi dt nhum 104 KT LUN V KIN NGH 118 NHNG ểNG GểP MI CA LUN N 121 DANH MC CC CễNG TRèNH CễNG B 122 TI LIU THAM KHO 124 Footer Page of 148 Header Page of 148 iii DANH MC CH VIT TT Ch vit tt Tờn ting Vit Tờn ting Anh AC Than hot tớnh Activated Carbon AOPs Quỏ trỡnh oxy húa nõng cao Advanced Oxidation Processes Brunauer Emmett - Teller BET BOD Nhu cu oxy sinh hc Biochemical Oxygen Demand CB Vựng dn Conduction Band COD Nhu cu oxy húa hc Chemical Oxygen Demand CVD Lng ng pha hi húa hc Chemical Vapor Deposition Eg Nng lng vựng cm ca vt liu bỏn dn theo thuyt vựng EDX Ph tỏn sc nng lng tia X Energy Dispersive X ray Spectroscopy FESEM Kớnh hin vi in t quột phỏt x trng Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy IEP im ng in Isoelectric Point IR Ph hng ngoi Infrared Spectroscopy MB Metylen xanh Methylene Blue MO Metyl da cam Methyl Orange MQTB Mao qun trung bỡnh Mesopore NTDN Nc thi dt nhum ppi S l xp trờn mt n v chiu di inch SBET Din tớch b mt riờng tớnh theo phng phỏp BET TBOT Pore per inch Tetrabutyl octotitanat TEM Kớnh hin vi in t truyn qua Transmission electron microscopy TOC Tng cacbon hu c Total Organic Carbon Footer Page of 148 Header Page of 148 iv TSS Tng cht rn l lng TTIP Total Suspended Solid Titanium tetraisopropoxit UV Vựng bc x t ngoi UltraViolet VB Vựng húa tr Valence Band XPS Ph quang in t tia X X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy XRD Gin nhiu x tia X X-ray Diffraction Footer Page of 148 Header Page of 148 v DANH MC HèNH Hỡnh 1.1: S nguyờn lý cụng ngh dt nhum v cỏc ngun nc thi Hỡnh 1.2: Phn ng oxy húa kh trờn b mt TiO2 19 Hỡnh 1.3: Phõn b nng lng mt tri theo bc súng 20 Hỡnh 1.4: S minh quỏ trỡnh kớch hot v phõn tỏch in t v l trng ca cu trỳc d th TiO2/Cu2O di bc x ỏnh sỏng 23 Hỡnh 1.5: S mc nng lng ca TiO2 pha N 26 Hỡnh 1.6: Quỏ trỡnh phõn hy cht hu c ca composit TiO2/AC 29 Hỡnh 1.7: Xp polyuretan (A, B, D); cacbon cú cu trỳc xp (C) v SiC cú cu trỳc xp (E) .30 Hỡnh 1.8: Nhụm oxit cú cu trỳc xp (a) 10 ppi, (b) 15 ppi .32 Hỡnh 2.1: S nghiờn cu thc nghim 44 Hỡnh 2.2: S tng hp TiO2 pha ng bng phng phỏp sol-gel h tr siờu õm 46 Hỡnh 2.3: S tng hp TiO2 pha crụm/nit bng phng phỏp dung nhit 47 Hỡnh 2.4: Cu trỳc phõn t ca metyl da cam mụi trng axit v kim 50 Hỡnh 2.5: Cu trỳc phõn t ca metylen xanh 50 Hỡnh 2.6: H phn ng quang xỳc tỏc dng lp ph 52 Hỡnh 2.7: th biu din s bin thiờn ca P /V(Po - P) theo P/Po 56 Hỡnh 3.1: Gin nhiu x tia X ca vt liu TiO2 pha ng 61 Hỡnh 3.2: Ph hp th t ngoi kh kin ca vt liu TiO2 pha ng 63 Hỡnh 3.3: ng cong biu din mi quan h gia (h)2 v h ca vt liu TiO2 pha ng 63 Hỡnh 3.4: nh TEM ca cỏc mu vt liu TiO2 pha ng: (a) 0%; (b) 0,15%; (c) 2,5% 64 Hỡnh 3.5: Gin XPS ca mu vt liu TiO2 pha ng 0,15% Cu-TiO2 66 Footer Page of 148 Header Page of 148 vi Hỡnh 3.6: Ph XPS phõn gii cao ca O1s (a), Ti2p (b), C1s (c) v Cu2p (d) ca mu vt liu TiO2 pha ng 0,15% Cu-TiO2 67 Hỡnh 3.7: Th zeta ca cỏc mu vt liu TiO2 pha ng .68 Hỡnh 3.8: Gin nhiu x tia X ca vt liu TiO2 pha crụm, nit 70 Hỡnh 3.9: Ph hp th t ngoi kh kin ca vt liu TiO2 pha crụm, nit 71 Hỡnh 3.10: ng cong biu din mi quan h gia (h)2 v h ca vt liu TiO2 pha crụm, nit 72 Hỡnh 3.11: nh TEM ca cỏc mu vt liu TiO2 khụng pha (a) v TiO2 pha crụm, nit Ti:N:Cr = 1:2:2% (b) .72 ỡnh 3.12: Gin XPS ca mu vt liu TiO2 pha crụm, nit Ti:N:Cr = 1:2:2% 73 Hỡnh 3.13: Ph XPS phõn gii cao ca O1s (a), Ti2p (b), C1s (c), N1s (d), Cr2p (e) ca mu vt liu TiO2 pha Cr, N Ti:N:Cr = 1:2:2% 74 Hỡnh 3.14: Gin XRD ca mng mng TiO2 pha ng ph trờn ht thy tinh 76 Hỡnh 3.15: nh FESEM ca mng mng 0,05% Cu-TiO2 ph lp trờn kớnh ch to bng phng phỏp sol-gel ph nhỳng: (a) B mt, (b) Mt ct ngang .77 Hỡnh 3.16: nh FESEM ca mng mng 0,05% Cu-TiO2 ph lp trờn kớnh ch to bng phng phỏp sol-gel ph nhỳng: (a) B mt, (b) Mt ct ngang .77 Hỡnh 3.17: nh FESEM ca mng mng 0,05% Cu-TiO2 ph lp trờn kớnh ch to bng phng phỏp sol-gel ph nhỳng: (a) B mt, (b) Mt ct ngang .78 Hỡnh 3.18: Gin XRD ca cỏc mu TiO2: Cr,N-TiO2 v Cr,N-TiO2/AC 79 Hỡnh 3.19: Ph UV-Vis rn ca ca cỏc mu TiO2: Cr,N-TiO2 v Cr,N-TiO2/AC 79 Hỡnh 3.20: nh FESEM ca mu Cu-TiO2/AC 80 Hỡnh 3.21: Ph EDX ca mu Cu- TiO2/AC (a) vựng mu trng; (b) vựng mu xỏm 81 Hỡnh 3.22: nh FESEM ca mu Cr,N-TiO2/AC .82 Footer Page of 148 Header Page of 148 vii Hỡnh 3.23: Ph EDX ca mu Cr, N- TiO2/AC (b1) vựng mu trng (b1) v (b2) vựng mu xỏm 83 Hỡnh 3.24: Ph IR ca mu than hot tớnh cha ph (a) v mu Cr,N-TiO2/AC (b) 85 Hỡnh 3.25: Gin XRD ca mu TiO2 ph trờn xp polyuretan 86 Hỡnh 3.26: nh FESEM ca mu TiO2/polyuretan cỏc phõn gii khỏc 87 Hỡnh 3.27: Ph IR ca mu polyuretan (a) v TiO2 ph trờn xp polyuretan (b) .88 Hỡnh 3.28: Phn ng quang xỳc tỏc x lý MO bng vt liu xỳc tỏc 0,05% Cu-TiO2: (a) hiu qu x lý v (b) hng s tc phn ng loi mu MO .93 Hỡnh 3.29: Phn ng quang xỳc tỏc x lý MB bng vt liu xỳc tỏc 0,15% Cu-TiO2: (a) hiu qu x lý v (b) hng s tc phn ng loi mu MB 94 Hỡnh 3.30: Hiu qu x lý MO, MB ca cỏc vt liu ht thy tinh ph TiO2 sau thi gian phn ng 240 phỳt 100 Hỡnh 3.31: Hiu qu x lý MO, MB ca cỏc mu TiO2 pha ph trờn than hot tớnh: Cr,N-TiO2/AC, Cu-TiO2/AC v mu than hot tớnh khụng ph xỳc tỏc (AC) .102 Hỡnh 3.32: Hiu qu x lý MO v MB ca vt liu Cr,N-TiO2/PU sau thi gian phn ng 240 phỳt 103 Hỡnh 3.33: Hng s tc phn ng phõn hy mu MO, MB ca vt liu Cr,NTiO2/PU thay i xp ca vt liu .103 Hỡnh 3.34: Hiu qu x lý mu v COD sau 480 phỳt bc x t ngoi (UVA) v nhỡn thy (LED) thay i h s pha loóng nc thi u vo 105 Hỡnh 3.35: Hiu qu x lý mu v COD sau 480 phỳt bc x t ngoi (UVA) v nhỡn thy (LED) thay i hm lng xỳc tỏc 106 Hỡnh 3.36: Hiu qu x lý mu v COD sau 480 phỳt bc x t ngoi (UVA) v nhỡn thy (LED) thay i nhit phn ng 108 Hỡnh 3.37: Hiu qu x lý mu v COD sau 480 phỳt bc x t ngoi (UVA) v nhỡn thy (LED) 109 Footer Page of 148 Header Page 10 of 148 viii Hỡnh 3.38: Hiu qu x lý mu v COD sau 480 phỳt bc x t ngoi (UVA) v nhỡn thy (LED) thay i h s pha loóng nc thi u vo 110 Hỡnh 3.39: Hiu qu x lý mu v COD sau 480 phỳt bc x t ngoi (UVA) v nhỡn thy (LED) thay i lng xỳc tỏc 111 Hỡnh 3.40: Hiu qu x lý mu v COD sau 480 phỳt bc x t ngoi (UVA) v nhỡn thy (LED) thay i nhit phn ng 112 Hỡnh 3.41: Hiu qu x lý mu v COD sau 480 phỳt bc x t ngoi (UVA) v nhỡn thy (LED) thay i pH ca dung dch .114 Hỡnh 3.42: So sỏnh hiu qu x lý mu v COD sau 480 phỳt bc x t ngoi (UVA) v nhỡn thy (LED) s dng xỳc tỏc dng huyn phự v dng lp ph trờn than hot tớnh 115 Hỡnh 3.43: Hiu qu x lý mu v COD ca nc thi dt nhum sau cỏc ln tỏi s dng ca xỳc tỏc dng huyn phự di bc x t ngoi (UVA) v nhỡn thy (LED) 116 Hỡnh 3.44: Hiu qu x lý mu v COD ca nc thi dt nhum sau cỏc ln tỏi s dng ca xỳc tỏc dng lp ph di bc x t ngoi (UVA) v nhỡn thy (LED) 116 Footer Page 10 of 148 Header Page 131 of 148 119 91% v 100% Hiu qu x lý MO ca mu Cr,N-TiO2/AC v Cu-TiO2/AC di bc x bng ỏnh sỏng thng t 86% v 44% Trong trng hp phõn hy MB, hiu qu x lý MB tt c cỏc trng hp u cao, t trờn 90% ó nghiờn cu ch to vt liu nano TiO2 pha ph trờn nn polyuretan nhit thp (100oC) Di iu kin bc x t ngoi, hiu qu x lý c hai loi thuc nhum (MO, MB 5mg/l, th tớch dung dch phn ng 15 mg/l, lng cht mang ph xỳc tỏc 0,2g) u cao t trờn 95% Trong ú di bc x nhỡn thy, hot tớnh quang xỳc tỏc ca vt liu ch bng khong 50% hot tớnh vựng t ngoi Khi tng xp ca vt liu t 10 ppi n 30 ppi, hng s tc tng 1,5 ln i vi phn ng phõn hy MO v tng gn ln i vi phn ng phõn hy MB Vt liu nano titan ioxit pha ng thi Cr, N dng bt hay ph trờn nn than hot tớnh cho hiu qu x lý nc thi dt nhum cao nht cỏc iu kin sau: h s pha loóng nc thi d = 10 (tng ng vi COD 783 mgO2/l, mu 142 Pt-Co), pH =3, nhit phn ng 60oC Trong cựng iu kin thớ nghim (d = 10, pH = 9, to = 30oC, xỳc tỏc tớnh theo TiO2 0,5 g/l, t = 480 phỳt), hiu qu x lý nc thi dt nhum i vi mu v COD ca xỳc tỏc dng huyn phự t 100% v 62% di bc x t ngoi v t 95% v 49% di bc x nhỡn thy, cao hn 14% n 20% so vi xỳc tỏc dng lp ph Sau ln s dng, hiu qu x lý mu v COD ca nc thi bng xỳc tỏc Cr,N-TiO2/AC l 68% v 30% di bc x t ngoi; 45% v 20% di bc x nhỡn thy KIN NGH Do khuụn kh nghiờn cu ca lun ỏn tin s cú hn, cỏc nghiờn cu ca lun ỏn mang tớnh cht l cỏc nghiờn cu c bn cú th ỏp dng cỏc kt qu ca lun ỏn vo thc t, cn thit phi cú nghiờn cu ton din v thit b phn ng phự hp vi tớnh cht v hỡnh thỏi hc ca vt liu xỳc tỏc quang húa ó ch to nhm mc ớch nõng cao hiu qu s dng xỳc tỏc Mt s cỏc ni dung nghiờn cu cn c Footer Page 131 of 148 Header Page 132 of 148 120 thc hin tip nhm mc ớch nõng cao hiu qu s dng xỳc tỏc v hon thin cụng ngh x lý nc thi dt nhum bng vt liu quang xỳc tỏc dng lp ph bao gm: - Nghiờn cu cỏc thụng s ti u v thit b nh cng ỏnh sỏng, kớch thc vt liu mang, iu kin khuy trn t ú a cỏc mụ hỡnh thit b phn ng phự hp vi tng i tng vt liu mang khỏc - Nghiờn cu cỏc yu t nh hng n kh nng tỏi s dng xỳc tỏc v cỏc iu kin tỏi sinh xỳc tỏc nhm nõng cao hiu qu s dng xỳc tỏc Footer Page 132 of 148 Header Page 133 of 148 121 NHNG ểNG GểP MI CA LUN N ó ch to vt liu polyuretan cú ph TiO2 pha ng thi crụm, nit nhit thp (100oC) v ỏnh giỏ hot tớnh quang xỳc tỏc ca vt liu ch to phn ng phõn hy MO, MB di bc x t ngoi v bc x nhỡn thy La chn v thc hin ph TiO2 pha ng, TiO2 pha crụm, nit lờn cỏc dng vt liu nn linh ng (than, polyuretan), trờn c s ú a cỏc cu hỡnh thit b phn ng quang xỳc tỏc khỏc ó ỏnh giỏ nh hng ca hm lng ng pha ti hiu qu x lý metyl da cam v metylen xanh cỏc mụi trng dung dch khỏc (axit, trung tớnh, kim) Kt qu l tin quan trng ng dng x lý nc thi dt nhum bng vt liu quang xỳc tỏc TiO2 s khỏc v bn cht thuc nhum cỏc dũng thi nhum khỏc ó xỏc nh c hiu qu x lý nc thi dt nhum thc ca vt liu TiO2 pha Cr, N dng huyn phự v dng lp ph trờn than hot tớnh ó khng nh khong nhit lm vic tt nht ca xỳc tỏc ó ch to l nhit cao (60oC), iu ny thớch hp x lý trc tip nc thi dt nhum sau cụng on nhum Footer Page 133 of 148 Header Page 134 of 148 122 DANH MC CC CễNG TRèNH CễNG B 1) Nguyen Thi Thu Trang, Fumiaki Amano, Nguyen Van Hieu, Tran Quang Vinh, Nguyen Hong Khanh, Nguyen Minh Tan and Le Thi Hoai Nam, Studies on characterization and evaluation of photocatalytic activities of metals doped TiO2 in degradation of dyes, Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Nanotechnology and Application, 14 16 November 2013, Vung Tau, Viet Nam, pp 405 410 2) Nguyn Th Thu Trang, Nguyn Vn Hiu, Trn Quang Vinh, Nguyn Hng Khỏnh, Phm Tun Linh, Nguyn Minh Tõn, Fumiaki Amano, Lờ Th Hoi Nam, Tng hp, c trng v ỏnh giỏ hot tớnh quang xỳc tỏc ca vt liu nano TiO2 bin tớnh tng hp bng phng phỏp sol gel h tr siờu õm, Tp Húa hc, T 51 (6ABC), tr 477-483, 2013 3) Nguyn Th Thu Trang, Nguyn Vn Hiu, Trn Quang Vinh, Nguyn Hng Khỏnh, Phm Tun Linh, Nguyn Minh Tõn, Lờ Th Hoi Nam, ỏnh giỏ hiu qu quang xỳc tỏc ca mng mng TiO2 i vi phn ng phõn hy metyl da cam, Tp Húa hc, s 51(6), tr 696-699, (2013) 4) Nguyen Thi Thu Trang, Tran Quang Vinh, Nguyen Hong Khanh, Nguyen Minh Tan, Le Thi Hoai Nam, Characterization and photocatalytic activity of Ag/TiO2 powder deposited TiO2 thin film, Proceedings of the 15th International Symposium on Eco-materials Processing and Design (ISBN 978-89-5708-236-2), 12 15 January 2014, Hanoi, Viet Nam, pp 96 101 5) Nguyen Thi Thu Trang, Nguyen Thi Nhiem, Tran Quang Vinh, Nguyen Hong Khanh, Pham Tuan Linh, Nguyen Minh Tan, Le Thi Hoai Nam, Phototcatalytic performance of Cr, N co-doped TiO2 under visible light irradiation, Proceedings of sciencetific conference on oil refining and petrochemical engineering (ISBN 978-604-911-943-9), 12 October 2014, Hanoi, Viet Nam, pp 41 46 6) Trang T.T Nguyen, Vinh Q Tran, Khanh H Nguyen, Tan M Nguyen, Nam T.H Le, Fabrication and Photocatalytic Activity of Ag/TiO2 Powder Immobilized TiO2 Thin Film in Methyl Orange Mineralization, International Journal of Research in Chemistry and Environment, Vol Issue (1-8) (2015) Footer Page 134 of 148 Header Page 135 of 148 123 7) Trang Nguyen Thi Thu, Nhiem Nguyen Thi, Vinh Tran Quang, Khanh Nguyen Hong, Tan Nguyen Minh & Nam Le Thi Hoai, Synthesis, characterisation, and effect of pH on degradation of dyes of copperdoped TiO2, Journal of Experimental Nanoscience, DOI: 10.1080/17458080.2015.1053541 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TiO2 Từ lý trên, chọn đề tài: Nghiên cứu đánh giá hiệu xử lý nước thải dệt nhuộm vật liệu nano titandioxit pha tạp Để giải vấn đề nêu trên, luận án đặt mục tiêu sau:  Chế tạo vật liệu nano TiO2... TÁC CỦA NANO TIO2 PHA TẠP ỨNG DỤNG TRONG XỬ LÝ NƯỚC THẢI DỆT NHUỘM 89 3.2.1 Hoạt tính quang xúc tác xử lý metyl da cam metylen xanh 89 3.2.2 Đánh giá hiệu xử lý nước thải dệt nhuộm ... thuốc nhuộm hoạt tính hệ thống xử lý nước thải dệt nhuộm thấp [8, 9] Nghiên cứu tập trung vào xử lý dòng nước thải nhuộm hoạt tính sau công đoạn nhuộm 1.1.1.3 Đặc trưng ô nhiễm nước thải dệt nhuộm